阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jingdezhen porcelain(瓷器)is Chinese porcelain produced in or near Jingdezhen in southern China. Jingdezhen has produced porcelain 1. (century)ago. And the town 2.was named Jingdezhen by Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty became a major kiln(窑)site around 1004.During the period, the 3.(produce)of porcelain in this area first became 4.(know).By the 14th century it had become the largest centre of producing Chinese porcelain, which remained in the following times. In the Ming Dynasty, official kilns in Jingdezhen 5.(control)by the emperor, making quality porcelain in large quantities for the emperor to give abroad as gifts. As a result, the town was 6.(close)linked to the world.
Although being a remote town in a hilly area, Jingdezhen is near the quality porcelain stone and forests which can provide plenty of wood for the kilns. It also has 7.river flowing from north to south, 8.(benefit)the transport of the fragile objects.
Jingdezhen has produced a great variety of 9. (value) porcelain. As a result, the town is famous 10. the “Porcelain Capital”. One type of its well-known high quality porcelain object is the blue and white porcelain from the 1330s.
I was driving home with my son Giacomo, 15, on the A40 when I suddenly saw a small plane coming down. Out of nowhere, it_______ some 200 yards away from where we were ________ , overturning and bursting into flames.
We were going 70 miles an hour and I managed to______; otherwise we would have crashed into it ourselves. I jumped out, ________ Giacomo in the car. I remember _________ at him to stay there since we really didn’t have time to mess around.
Flames were coming out of the cockpit (驾驶舱) and I could hear screaming, so I climbed under the wing and tried to __________ the windows in but failed, and with the heat of the __________ coming over the top of the plane, I ______ I might have to give up or I’d be in great danger myself. I found the small windows at the back of the plane had cracked ( 破 裂 ), so my best bet was to kick those through. It___ and, looking back, we were unbelievably____; otherwise, it would have been a completely different____.
I pulled a teenage girl and boy out. Then another guy, Joel Snarr, arrived on the_______ to help at just the right time. I don’t think I would have been able to get the ________ out — he was a big guy. _________ , Joel seized him by the arms and got him out just in time. I could _______ straight away Joel had a military background by how he ________ himself. We’d just got all three of them, Stuart Moore, who’d flown the plane, and his nephew and niece, to a safe___ when the plane exploded.
The emergency services ___________ pretty quickly, and then they did their duty. When I got back to my ______, Giacomo and I stared at each other, almost laughing in _________. It was a very strange moment — things like this only happen in films.
1.A.disappeared B.landed C.crashed D.exploded
2.A.living B.standing C.flying D.driving
3.A.roll B.stop C.pass D.speed
4.A.greeting B.saving C.blaming D.leaving
5.A.shouting B.aiming C.looking D.smiling
6.A.fix B.clean C.kick D.shut
7.A.steam B.fire C.water D.engine
8.A.sensed B.expected C.imagined D.admitted
9.A.lasted B.worked C.counted D.ended
10.A.afraid B.brave C.cautious D.lucky
11.A.challenge B.adventure C.story D.lesson
12.A.scene B.march C.way D.go
13.A.steward B.pilot C.driver D.rescuer
14.A.Strangely B.Secretly C.Instead D.However
15.A.describe B.argue C.tell D.agree
16.A.conducted B.adapted C.helped D.accustomed
17.A.return B.distance C.room D.journey
18.A.went away B.set out C.turned up D.shut down
19.A.house B.plane C.cinema D.car
20.A.relief B.surprise C.sorrow D.confusion
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Curling(冰壶)is a winter sport played on ice. Therefore, it’s most popular in northern countries like Canada. Curling is played in the USA by about 15,000 people.1.Scottish winters were long and there were forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. The game spread, and in the 1700s curling clubs formed. Then Scottish soldiers brought it to North America.
2.Men, women, and children often compete on the same team, if they can slide a forty-pound stone down the ice! Both teams slide their stones toward the same goal. After all 16 stones have been cast, the team whose stone has slid closest to the goal gets one point.
3.The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly.4.Water helps the stone slide, but it can also change the stone’s path.
In curling, a broom is part of each player’s equipment. A good curler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court.5.That may explain why the international Olympic Committee decided to make curling an Olympic sport in 1998.
A.Players compete on the court.
B.Then the play begins in the other direction.
C.Curling is played by teams of four people.
D.In other words, a good curler must be a fine athlete.
E.The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard.
F.The melting of the ice makes things tough for the curlers.
G.Curling probably began in Scotland in the 1500s or earlier.
A rainy day can be a chance to recharge. While you relaxed on the sofa with a movie, the raindrops falling on your windows might one day provide the power for your TV. This is the idea behind an invention that harvests energy from water.
The technology is based on the triboelectric (摩擦电的)effect. An engineer at the University of Hawaii, David Ma knew that it’s possible to generate electricity by rubbing two things together. So, he thought, “Why don’t we use water?”
A drop of water sliding across a surface coated with two different materials would generate enough friction to create an electrical charge. By placing metal wires that the drop of water touched as it moved, it should be possible to harvest electricity, he reasoned.
It worked. In fact, the researchers lit up 15 LED bulbs with a single moving water drop.
This is not the first time that scientists have got electricity from water-generated friction( 摩 擦 ). Earlier experiments, though, harvested the charge produced in a surface by a sliding drop of water. There, the surface had acted as an electrode(电极). This is different. The energy of friction is being harvested from the water itself.
“It turns out,” Ma says, “the charge in the water drop is way more than the charge produced in the other electrode.” In fact, his team’s model generated almost 100 times more power than previous experiments from a single drop of water.
“The technology could someday power phones, sensors or other small electronics,” says Christopher Oshman, an engineer at the Colorado School of Mines. “This work is a step toward harvesting the energy of moving objects all around us, including ourselves, to power the electronic appliances we use every day,” he says.
Ma has shown that the technology can work in a lab, Oshman says. Next, the Colorado researcher would like to see it tried on a larger scale, such as on an umbrella.
1.How did the author introduce the topic of the text?
A.By telling a story.
B.By raising a question.
C.By giving an example.
D.By imagining a situation.
2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.The wire. B.The drop of water.
C.The surface. D.The electricity.
3.What is unique about Ma’s technique compared with earlier experiments?
A.The water itself acts as an electrode.
B.It is based on the triboelectric effect.
C.It produces electricity from water-made friction.
D.It uses a surface coated with two different materials.
4.What does Oshman say about Ma’s technology?
A.It has a promising future.
B.It will do well on an umbrella.
C.It works well in the real world.
D.It will replace batteries someday.
“New and improved. “These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs aren’t an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.
A recent report in the British Medical Journal, “New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better? “Analyzed the issue. The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017:152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25%offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58%had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.
“This doesn’t mean there’s no added benefit, “lead author Wissler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. “Wissler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country’s health care system should pay a premium(补贴)for them. Such organizations, known as health technology assessment(HTA)agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimore: “If payers think a new drug isn’t better than an existing drug, these agencies will require that hospitals try the cheaper drug first.”
Germanys HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn’t always practical. For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.
This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wissler’s paper. With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarked studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs—a step too often neglected.
1.What message does the recent report convey?
A.Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.
B.Many new drugs have no improved advantages.
C.Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs.
D.The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.
2.What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?
A.Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.
B.Remove government premium on them.
C.Arrange financial support for the patients.
D.Put new drugs on further trials and studies.
3.What’s the disadvantage of Germany’s HTA trial demands?
A.Getting patients to depend on the government for support.
B.Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.
C.Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.
D.Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage of Existing Drugs
B.A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives
C.Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs
D.People’s Preference for New or Old Drug
When Lina was awoken by the sound of thunder, she was alone on the island. The air was cool and bullfrogs croaked. It was that brief moment when the summer sun had set but the stars hadn’t yet appeared. Lina rubbed her eyes and looked around. “Hello?” she called. “Celia? Marie?” There was no response.
The moon was rising now, shedding light on the island. They had always called it “Forgotten Island “because no one but they seemed to remember its existence. It wasn't on any of the maps they could find, and even the forest rangers didn’t know about it. Lina loved that the island, hidden in a heavily-wooded side stream of the river, was a secret between the three friends-her, Celia, and Marie. But now Lina was here alone, and it was night. Worse still, it was her own fault.
“Come on, Lina,let Marie row the boat.” Celia had said. Marie was two years older than Lina, but she was a hopeless rower. That’s why Lina refused and rowed the boat to the island. The argument that followed the refusal took the usual form. Celia took Marie’s side, as she always did. Lina exploded and yelled at them to just leave. So they got back in the boat and left.
A bolt of lightning crossed the darkened sky, accompanied by a deafening thunder clap. The storm was here. As the first cold raindrop slid down her neck, Lina’s mind returned to her current problem. She was stuck here by herself. She just hoped she didn’t become as forgotten as the island. The thought of it sent a chill down her back.
Suddenly, Lina spotted something in the water. It was a boat, and inside it were Marie, Celia, and Marie’s dad, who was steering through the fast flowing waters. As the boat approached, they saw Lina waving and the worried expressions on their faces turned to relief.
In her excitement Lina jumped into the river. Only once she was in the icy water did she remember how fast the water was moving. Luckily a strong arm reached into the water and pulled her out. She smiled weakly at Marie’s dad and, without a word, hugged Celia and Marie. They didn’t seem to mind becoming wet.
1.What is special about the island?
A.It is very near the ocean.
B.It is a popular place for boating.
C.It is surrounded by thick forest.
D.It has never been reached by others.
2.Why did Lina get angry？
A.Lina was left alone on the island.
B.Marie would not help row the boat.
C.Marie didn't know how to row the boat.
D.Celia supported Marie in the disagreement.
3.What caused Lina to feel scared?
A.Her shame about the unnecessary argument.
B.The first raindrop of the approaching storm.
C.The idea that no one would come to save her.
D.The drop in temperature as the sun went down.
4.What can we infer about the three girls?
A.All of them could swim well.
B.They had an adventurous spirit.
C.They lived far away from the island.
D.They quarreled with one another badly.
