阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
Climate change is bad news for the world’s coral reefs. As global temperatures increase, the world’s glaciers melt, 1. （cause） sea levels and ocean temperatures to rise. These conditions have led to coral bleaching（白化） events, 2. the coral turns white and slowly dies, unable to survive in its changing environment.
Global sea levels 3.（expect） to rise about 1.5 feet by 2100, meaning coral reefs will be deeper underwater than they were 4.（previous）in. The deeper the coral, the less light it receives, and the less 5.（able） it has to make food. This has potential to change the entire ecosystems of reefs and the marine life they support.
But a new study from a team of 6.（researcher） at the National University of Singapore （NUS） provides a ray of hope. They studied nearly 3,000 corals from 124 species at two reefs off 7. coast of Singapore: Pulau Hantu and Raffles Lighthouse. The water where these reefs live is 8.（cloud）, murky and thick with sediment（沉淀物）.
The light reaches down about 26 feet, yet there are corals growing well 9. that level and below. They’ve adapted to surviving under the changing conditions. Researchers say it’s likely that these corals will survive sea-level rise, according to the findings 10.（publish） in the journal Marine Environmental Research.
My grandfather insists on getting me coffee. He is ninety-two years old, but he _______ my help and rolls his wheelchair over to the _______ in the corner, filling a cup with boiling black _______.
His room at the nursing home is _______, nothing more than a bed and a bathroom. His walls are covered in _______ of his six children and nineteen grandchildren. I _______ my own face, seven years old and covered in chocolate. When I _______ the photo, he laughs. “You were the fattest little kid. Your mom was so _______.”
I tell him that I’m here for a piece for my journalism class, that the assignment is to _______ a family member and that I pick him because he has the best ________. This gets a small, almost childlike smile. He is proud of being ________. My grandfather has many fine ________, but wisdom is not one of them.
I ask about his experience in the war. He makes a face, ________ on the wheels of his chair as he thinks. “Have I told you about Noel?” I say no. I remember ________ the name, maybe fifteen years ago. He ________ me a lot, which are so ________ that it makes me all the more excited to visit him. Noel was Grandpa’s best friend. As Grandpa talks about him, his eyes glaze a little and his mouth lifts up at the corner. You can see in his ________ that they are the kind of friends whose relationship ________ an admirable, platonic（柏拉图式的）sort of love affair.
This is the story I get today in this dirty and messy bedroom with only one table and it lives up to those of my ________. I think, suddenly, that he has just ________ an amount of time unimaginable to me. I think, the rest of my life, the stories I will live, are unimaginable to him.
1.A.appreciates B.admits C.understands D.refuses
2.A.table B.stand C.balcony D.sofa
3.A.gas B.liquid C.tea D.solid
4.A.clean B.bright C.simple D.quiet
5.A.patterns B.signs C.decorations D.pictures
6.A.spot B.recognize C.doubt D.remember
7.A.point out B.take away C.look through D.comment on
8.A.excited B.embarrassed C.surprised D.worried
9.A.create B.interview C.summarize D.explain
10.A.stories B.choices C.evidences D.opportunities
11.A.witnessed B.chosen C.studied D.found
12.A.goals B.situations C.qualities D.types
13.A.rocking B.carrying C.pushing D.taking
14.A.silently B.entirely C.vaguely D.obviously
15.A.expects B.requests C.tells D.permits
16.A.ambiguous B.apparent C.conclusive D.vivid
17.A.hand B.face C.heart D.head
18.A.uses B.adopts C.reaches D.edits
19.A.neighborhood B.brotherhood C.adulthood D.childhood
20.A.described B.relived C.conveyed D.introduced
How to Break the Anxiety Cycle
People who suffer from anxiety tend to be stuck in an ongoing loop of avoidance. It’s the classic dynamic of anxiety: 1., our symptoms tend to increase, and in turn this drives the anxiety up and makes the things we’re afraid of scarier. Here are some techniques on how to slowly overcome this mental health challenge. 2.. Words have power. For example, saying “I am panicked about going to this party tonight” will put you in a more negative state of mind compared to saying “I’d prefer if I didn’t have to go to this party.” Start by putting your words to the positive and to a point where you still feel it resonates（共鸣）.
Let go of perfectionism. People with social anxiety feel as if they are walking on a social tightrope. 3.. We have unrealistic high standards where we think we must be cool, positive, and witty while carrying the entire conversation—it’s too much. And keep in mind that you are not expected to be someone you’re not in order to get people to like you.
Make small gestures. Instead of “jumping off a cliff” and walking straight into a situation that makes you anxious, start becoming more expressive in situations that you feel are less threatening.
4., say good morning to a neighbor you rarely speak with, or tell your hairstylist the exact look you’ re going for instead of agreeing with their suggestion.
Shift your awareness. Our attention is like a spotlight and we choose where to point it. Those with social anxiety tend to point that spotlight inward and state the commentary of our inner critic.
5..
A.Choose your words carefully
B.Pay attention to your health condition
C.For example, ask a stranger for directions
D.When we avoid the things we’re afraid of
E.If the things reduce feelings of social anxiety
F.It’s this idea that we need to perform perfectly
G.Focus on what’s happening around you, not inside you
The study, published today in the journal PLOS Biology shows that the average body size and number of sharks and other marine predators—vital to maintaining healthy ocean ecosystems—fell significantly near cities with more than 10,000 people and associated fishing boats.
The minimum distance from people and fishing which had no measurable effect was 1,250 kilometers. This is far further than previous studies have suggested and probably reflects the increased distances fishing boats can now travel. As a result, sharks were only observed at 12% of sites monitored.
Lead author Dr. Tom Letessier said, ''Human activity is now the biggest influence on sharks' distribution. Just 13% of the world's oceans can be considered 'wilderness' but sharks and other predators are much more common and significantly larger at distances greater than 1,250 kilometers from people. This suggests that large marine predators are generally unable to thrive near to people and is another clear example of the impact of human overuse on our seas. ''
To collect their data, the team analyzed videos taken at 1,041 sites across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, selected to test the biggest possible range of conditions and habitats. Sharks and other free-swimming predators were studied using cameras attached cannisters(炮筒)filled with bait. In total, the team recorded 23,200 animals representing 109 species. These included 841 individual sharks from 19 different species.
Dr. Letessier added, ''Our study also found that shallower water environment, of depths less than 500 meters, were vital for marine predator diversity. We therefore need to identify sites that are both shallow and remote and protect them. However, there are still numerous shallow hot spots near human markets that are not appropriately protected, and this must change. ''
1.According to the study, what happened to sharks and other marine predators?
A.They became less important for keeping healthy ocean ecosystems.
B.They only lived near cities with 10,000 people.
C.They loved swimming after fishing boats.
D.Their average body size and number decreased sharply.
2.Which of the following statements may Dr. Tom Letessier agree with?
A.Large marine predators can grow well near people.
B.People shouldn't disturb the sea and sea animals.
C.Sharks’ distribution was mainly affected by human activity.
D.Other ecological factors have no impact on sharks’ distribution.
3.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?
A.Introduce a new topic for readers.
B.Introduce the study means used by the team.
C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
D.Collect data about sharks and other predators.
4.What can we infer about the perfect environment for marine predator diversity?
A.It should be deeper than 500 meters.
B.It should be spots that are hot enough.
C.It should be shallower and away from humans.
D.It should be spots changed from human markets.
The Little Baby Face Foundation（LBFF）is an NYC-based nonprofit organization with a great deal of controversy. Founded in 2002, it provides free plastic surgery for children born with facial deformities（畸形）. Many teenagers who have been teased for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas “fixed” by LBFF.
Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the knife. Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they’ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears,” Nadia said. Those comments hurt her a lot. She even considered how to end her own life.
But Nadia tried to keep the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical bills for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally find out about the bullying, she was heartbroken.
Nadia decided to end her bullying problems with plastic surgery. Then her mother turned to the LBFF, which accepted Nadia’s application. The surgeries were very painful and it took months for her face to heal, but she did manage to return to school with a new face, a face she was finally proud of.
Nadia’s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those extremes just because they are being bullied?
Experts warn if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen decides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong message. By surgically changing the victim of a bully, it is as if you support the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those names he or she has been called. It is like saying to teenagers: “Yes, there is something wrong with you, and you should get it fixed!”
1.What did Nadia think of her school life in the past?
A.Busy. B.Exciting.
C.Miserable. D.Ordinary.
2.Why did Nadia keep the secret from her mother?
A.Her mother had heart disease. B.She didn’t want to burden her.
C.Her mother was afraid of being bullied. D.She didn’t know how to share it with her.
3.Why does the author say plastic surgery can send the wrong message?
A.It may let bullies feel they are right. B.It may become popular among teens.
C.It may damage the name of the LBFF. D.It may change victims into bullies.
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A.Why many teenagers are being teased?
B.Is plastic surgery the answer to bullying?
C.Why surgery helps overcome emotional pain?
D.Should we pay more attention to appearance?
One day, the sewer line（污水管道）under my house burst. My first response was to call the plumber, but when he heard what had happened, he said he couldn’t help. “We don’t do that,” he said, as if to suggest that even plumbers have their dignity. He did, however, recommend someone. I made the call, expecting the man to complain at such a miserable job. Instead, he simply asked, “The address?”
2And that was it. An hour later, Steve arrived in his truck. I watched as he walked down into the damp depths. A few moments later he appeared, saying, “Yes. It’s broken.”
“Can you fix it?” I asked with a strange mixture of doubt and hope.
3Steve looked at me strangely as if rebuking my lack of faith, and then said, “Sure.” Then he told me that he had to get a backhoe（反铲挖土机）and dig up the street to the main sewer line.
I showed appropriate panic. “How long will all this take?”
“I should have it done by evening.”
4I didn’t want to watch the excavation（挖掘） of my property unfold. All I wanted was to leave, go somewhere, and, upon my return, have everything the way it was before the damage.
5I felt somewhat guilty upon driving off in my clean car, leaving Steve to such a disagreeable task. I went into town and visited a few friends. Eventually, around 6 p.m., my curiosity got the better of me. I went home, and a sweeter sight I never saw: a patch of newly-paved street and a covered-up excavation across my front garden. I opened the basement door and—all was tidy and relatively dry.
6I sat down on the back garden, lost in thought. I was taken by the very idea that, whatever crisis might happen to an unlucky homeowner, there is somebody, somewhere, who is practiced in its resolution. If that’s not reason for thankfulness, I’m not sure what is.
1.Why did the first plumber reject the author’s request?
A.He wanted to protect his dignity. B.He was inexperienced in the job.
C.He had another urgent task to do. D.He thought the job was unpleasant.
2.What does the underlined word “rebuking” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Admiring. B.Blaming.
C.Accepting. D.Neglecting.
3.What caused the author to feel upset?
A.The fear of Stevens refusal. B.The pressure of having to go out.
C.The difficulty of the repair work. D.The effects of the broken sewer line.
4.What was the author’s purpose of going into town?
A.To remove his negative emotions. B.To avoid doing the excavation work.
C.To visit a couple of friends. D.To satisfy his own curiosity.
