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During the outbreak of novel coronavirus...

    During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this "open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced (测定序列)the DNA of the virus. But they didn't keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, pharmaceutical companies across the globe arc now able to work at the same time to develop a vaccine (疫苗)."There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazccra. "The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient (有 适应 力的)we'll be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future."

Major drug companies around the world arc also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavinis. Currently, two trials of the drug arc already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more important in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics (疗法)very rapidly.”

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming (补偿的)factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1.What does the article mainly talk about?

A.Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.

B.Something positive we've learned from the epidemic.

C.The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

D.What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2.What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?

A.They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.

B.They helped remove people's fear of the virus.

C.They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.

D.They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.

3.What is the author's purpose of mentioning Remdesivir in the text?

A.To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B.To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

C.To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries-

D.To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

4.Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A.Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.

B.The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

C.No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D.The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.

 

1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了在新型冠状病毒爆发期间,城市被封锁,边境被关闭。相反,科学正变得越来越开放。为了研究出疫苗,各国通力合作,在网络平台分享信息。随着全球化的发展,流行病也变得越来越频繁,所以各国应该注重医药科学上的合作和信息的公开,一起打赢人类的保卫战。 1. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open.”,第三段“Due to this openness, pharmaceutical companies across the globe arc now able to work at the same time to develop a vaccine(疫苗).”,第四段“Major drug companies around the world arc also sharing their study results.”可知,在面对疫情,各国通力合作研究疫苗并分享研究成果,科学的开放和知识共享具有重要的意义。故选C项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.”可知,他们将这些序列放置在GenBank上,这是一个开放访问的数据平台,那么全世界的研究人员可以免费下载他们并开始研究病毒。可知他们的目的是邀请全世界共同努力开发疫苗。故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Major drug companies around the world arc also sharing their study results.”可知,全球很多大的制药公司也分享了他们的研究成果。而Remdesivir也是其中之一,Remdesivir也会分享他们的研究成果来抗击病毒。故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第五段“With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,”可知随着其后的变化,全球化进程和人口的流动,流行病不会消失,反而会变得更加频繁。可知他不同意由于科学发展,流行病将不那么频繁。故选A项。
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    Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia NCP, people all over the world are wearing masks to reduce the risk of infection. It's a very simple but incredibly effective method to protect oneself from a variety of harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let's take a look at some mask-related history.

1st century

In that era, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory (呼吸的) illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder 23-79 AD, a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder (膀胱)skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.

16th century

Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519, proposed using a woven cloth dipped in water over the face to protect against the poisonous chemicals.

19th century

The design of the mask look a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利)a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radccki designed a simple mask composed of one layer of gauze (纱中1, recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. That was the first recorded use of a surgical mask.

20th century

In 1910. an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called "Wu's mask". Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was simple to manufacture (制作)and had a low production cost. Modem exploration

With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu. and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90. which can filter out this fine particulate (微 粒)mailer, became highly popular. In the future. masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.

1.According to the text, why were masks invented?

A.To reduce the risk of infection.

B.To protect miners from dust.

C.To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.

D.To protect workers from harmful chemicals.

2.What was considered a milestone in face mask history?

A.Using a woven cloth instead of animal skins.

B.Getting a patent on protective masks for miners.

C.The invention of surgical masks in 1897.

D.Using more than one layer of surgical gauze.

3."Wu's mask" grew popular around the world because.

A.it could be used multiple times B.it was simple for people to wear

C.it was cheap and easy to manufacture D.it could better protect people from smog

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.The evolution of masks. B.The benefits of using masks.

C.A comparison of different masks. D.The roles masks played at different times.

 

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    A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression. "Nothing is ever easy? The following day, as I tried to complete my day's work, I happened to notice a bumblebee(大黄蜂)on the skylight(天窗).The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought removing the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had changed was that the living room was a mess and that 1 was dizzy from looking up into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.

It is not only time that we tend to underestimate — we don’t account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our favor but we seldom think of all the negative things that could a fleet us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might nor go as planned, and that is completely normal. It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged even at a task you thought was simple because that is part of life.

If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school. I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to take. In high school I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule(计划)best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn'tand shouldn'tbe easy. I found myself with a more positive altitude and improved results.

Of course, there should be preparations made to account tor expenses or time. Doing so can only help you accomplish your goals in a better way. However, there is no need to beat ourselves up when something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.

1.Why did the author mention his experience of removing a bee?

A.To share something unforgettable with us.

B.To lead us to what the author learned from it.

C.To show the unexpected costs it caused.

D.To tell us how easy it is to waste our rime.

2.Why do things often tum out to be different from what we expect?

A.We often don't take lime seriously.

B.We tend not to have enough money.

C.Unexpected things can happen.

D.It is easy to feel challenged.

3.According to the text, what does the underlined phrase "beat ourselves up" mean?

A.lo hit or kick ourselves hard, many times

B.to blame ourselves too much

C.to encourage ourselves to work hard

D.to give up ourselves

4.What is the author's purpose of writing this article?

A.To encourage people to make greater efforts.

B.To explain how to make preparations.

C.To tell us what to do when something gets in our way.

D.To persuade us not to expect things to be easy.

 

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Product Reviews

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I eat a guacamole sandwich everyday on pumpernickel bread and it's not only delicious but I feel it's healthy and I have gained NO weight.

1.What is the passage intended for?

A.describing a product in detail B.sharing comments about a book

C.advertising a book for sale D.giving advice on food and recipes

2.What advice can you find in Recipes & Remedies?

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3.Where does the passage come from?

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假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于68日举办了成人礼活动,你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件,介绍关情况,内容包括:

(1)成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事边录像)

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(3)对自己未来的展望。

注意:

(1)词数不少于100

(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行方连贯;

(3)开头已给出,不计入总词数。

参考词汇:

成人礼 the coming-of age ceremony

新冠脑炎 COVID-F9

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阅读短文,按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well.

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1.How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words)

_________________________

2.What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? (no more than 15 words)

_________________________

3.According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? (no more than 7 words)

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4.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)

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5.What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words)

_________________________

 

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