阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you have a cold, then it's time to learn some cold prevention techniques. You just need to learn and use some new behaviors1. lifestyle habits every day.
Your best 2. (protect) from the common cold and flu is frequent hand washing. The simple act 3. occurs when you rub your skins while using warm water and soap can get rid of most 4. (potential) harmful germs.
While germs are often spread to others through household 5. (object) — telephones, door handles, toothbrushes, and tap handles — the 6. (big) transportation center for germs is your hands. That's why frequent hand washing gets rid of the illness-causing germs and 7. (help) to prevent the spread of some diseases.
As many as 56,000 people die from the flu or flu-like illness each year.8. simple act of hand washing
is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infections. Yet some studies show that many
Americans 9. (use) public restrooms don't wash their hands before leaving. People also forget 10. (wash) their hands before preparing meals and they have snacks without thinking of washing their hands beforehand. If you want to help prevent colds, just stop — and wash your hands.
In the late 1990s, I came across an individual with my same last name of Boyter. As you probably already know, Boyter isn’t that common of a _______.
We sat and_______for several hours that day. As we talked I couldn’t help but notice how his general _______ and manner reminded me of my grandpa Boyter. He told a story of his _______ James Boyter who, in the 1870s, left Scotland and _______ the United States with his older brother Alexander.
According to our family _______, the two brothers got into _______ for hunting on royal land. So they escaped to the U.S. with their family and_______ in the Southern Utah town.
I sat and _______ as this man told me this story. I kept ________ and held my excitement inside until he finished telling the story. I had heard that exact ________ story countless times at family gatherings all during my childhood. Now here was a complete “________” telling me this story. I ________ knew how we were related! He was ________ when I told him that I was a descendant (后代) of the older brother Alexander: my great-great grandfather Boyter.
________ the effort of life story preservation of the descendants of James Boyter, we ________ where we came from. We should not forget to ________ stories of our brothers and sisters and other close family members into our own journals, ________ and autobiographies.
What we include in the account of our life story may make all the ________ in the world to your brother or sister’s descendants generations from now. All because you ________ it in your own history!
1.A.name B.place C.word D.man
2.A.rested B.played C.talked D.waited
3.A.idea B.knowledge C.condition D.look
4.A.brother B.ancestor C.acquaintance D.name
5.A.traveled around B.returned to C.passed by D.came to
6.A.tree B.life C.story D.tradition
7.A.confusion B.debt C.trouble D.politics
8.A.settled B.suffered C.grew D.retired
9.A.laughed B.hesitated C.listened D.sighed
10.A.silent B.calm C.busy D.cautious
11.A.interesting B.meaningful C.same D.simple
12.A.storyteller B.stranger C.gentleman D.member
13.A.fortunately B.recently C.slowly D.immediately
14.A.worried B.regretted C.moved D.excited
15.A.Regardless of B.Rather than C.Thanks to D.As with
16.A.wonder B.know C.choose D.forget
17.A.include B.create C.change D.copy
18.A.fictions B.letters C.brochures D.diaries
19.A.choice B.difference C.money D.arrangement
20.A.read B.polished C.recorded D.found
How to Order Coffee at Starbucks
Learning how to order coffee at Starbucks can be tricky, and if you think that ordering coffee at Starbucks is confusing, you are not alone.
1.Things move quickly as their employees try to serve customers as efficiently as possible. Orders are generally taken at one of the cash registers. You will be asked for your first name, which you should state clearly. 2.. Don't be offended if they spell your name incorrectly. People who have unique or hard — to — spell names will sometimes use an easy ''Starbucks'' name when ordering, like Mike or Amy.
3. Their terms for size are：Tall, Grande, Venti, and Trenta. Although if you order a small, medium, large, or extra-large drink they will still understand you.
For ordering basic coffee, beyond specifying the size you want, you will need to tell the server whether you want regular or decaffeinated (脱去咖啡因的)coffee.4. If you intend to add cream or milk to your coffee, say with room for cream, or simply, with room. If you want a full cup, say no room. Read the list above the counter ahead of time, because they may not ask you which you would like. 5..
When you order, say the size you want first, then give the name of the drink, and finally add the special instructions last.
A.Starbucks is often a very busy place
B.Starbucks offers all kinds of coffee
C.Otherwise，they will assume that you want regular
D.Sometimes they will write your name in short forms
E.The ordering process is complicated because they use terms to describe drink size
F.Finally, if you are very particular about the freshness of your coffee, ask in advance
G.Your name will immediately be written on your cup and called out when, your drink is ready
Printed circuit boards are vital components of modern electronics. However, once they have served their purpose, they are often burned or buried in landfills, polluting the air, soil and water. Most concerning are the flame retardants （阻燃剂）added to printed circuit boards to keep them from catching fire. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering have developed a ball-milling method to break down these potentially harmful compounds enabling safer disposal （处理）.
Composed of 30% metallic and 70% nonmetallic particles, printed circuit boards support and connect all of the electrical components of a device. Metallic components can be recovered from circuit boards easily using traditional methods leaving behind nonmetallic particles including those flame retardants and other additives. Scientists have found that compounds in those flame retardants can do harm to people's health, especially to those women who are pregnant. Therefore researchers have been wanting to develop a new method to remove the flame retardants from waste printed circuit boards so that they wouldn't do harm to people and the environment.
The researchers broke down printed circuit boards and removed the metallic components. Then，they put the nonmetallic particles into a ball mill — a rotating （旋转的）machine that uses hard stone balls to make materials into very small pieces. They also added iron powder, which prior studies had shown was helpful for removing chemicals from organic compounds. After ball-milling, the harmful chemicals on the surface of the particles had decreased by 50%・ The researchers determined that during the ball-milling process, iron transferred electrons to flame retardant compounds causing the internal structure to stretch and break.
The authors acknowledge funding from the 111 Project, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China and the Pearl River Star of Science and Technology.
1.People are concerned most about the flame retardants because
A.they are harmful and hard to remove B.they keep circuit boards from catching fire
C.they make up the largest part in electronics D.they are mixed up with other components
2.What is the function of the printed circuit board?
A.Making electronics small and light. B.Preventing electronics catching fire.
C.Connecting all electrical components, D.Allowing easy disposal after being used,
3.What does the author mainly intend to tell us in paragraph 3?
A.How to operate the ball milk B.The ball-milling process and its result.
C.The high efficiency of the new method. D.Why iron powder is added to the process.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The authors are short of money.
B.Over 100 projects support the authors,
C.The researchers will make much money.
D.The ball-milling method is promising.
Lions are most successful at hunting animals during the darker period of the moon’s cycle. But how those prey (猎物) respond to changing threats as the night’s light changes throughout a month has been a mystery. Scientists spied on four of the lions' favorite prey species for several years. They fixed 225 cameras across an area. When animals came by, the cameras responded by taking their pictures.
The prey — wildebeests (角马), zebras, gazelles (瞪羚) and buffalo — are all plant eaters. To meet their food needs, such species must searching for food frequently, even at night. The cameras showed that these species respond to changing risks across the lunar cycle in different ways.
Common wildebeests, which make up a third of the lion’s diet, were the most sensitive to the lunar cycle. These animals appeared to set their plans for the entire night based on the moon’s change. During the darkest period of the month, they’d park themselves in a safe area. But as the nights got brighter, wildebeests were more willing to venture into places where run-ins with lions were likely.
Weighing as much as 900 kilograms, the African buffalo are a lion’s most tough prey. They also were least likely to change where and when they searched for food throughout the lunar cycle. But as nights got darker, the buffalo were more likely to form herds (兽群).
Plain zebras and gazelles also changed their evening routines with the lunar cycle. But unlike the other prey these animals reacted more directly to changing light levels across an evening. Gazelles were more active after the moon had come up. Zebras were sometimes up and about and doing things before the moon had risen.
These behaviors show the wide-reaching effects of moonlight. It offers a very clear example of how the presence or absence of the moon can have fundamental, ecosystem-level impacts.
1.What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.Lions are excellent night hunters. B.How lions hunt has always been a mystery.
C.Moonlight is a threat to the lion’s prey. D.Lion’s prey likes hunting for food at night
2.What do wildebeests usually do when there is no moon at night?
A.Look for food. B.Wander in the filed
C.Stay in a safe place. D.Explore dangerous places.
3.How do buffalo deal with the risk from lions when it is darker?
A.They stay still at a place. B.They troop to search food.
C.They ignore the lion. D.They change places frequently.
4.Which part of the site might this article come from?
A.Food. B.Animal.
C.Astronomy. D.Environment.
Even if you’ve never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place: It’s hot. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile trek (跋涉) to the top of the city’s famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is “extremely difficult”. If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you keep climbing, another sign farther up declares; “If you’re halfway through your water turn around!”
Unfortunately, many people do not pay attention to the warnings. Fortunately, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old man hikes up and down Camelback a couple of times a day giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel. I’d like a more manly name, but, you know, he told azfamily, com.
Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by Arizona’s unforgiving version of Mother Nature. “They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble,” he told the Arizona Republic. If a hiker has a red face and is not sweating anymore, Cullymore reaches into his insulated (隔热的) backpack, pulls out a frosty bottle, and hands it to the person. “It’s misleading that we’re in the middle of the city. You can die up here, and no one would know.”
One hiker who received Cullymore’s water agrees. “You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket,” he said, pointing to Cullymore, “but we are lucky, we run into this good man here.” And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.
1.What is the purpose of the signs along the hike way?
A.To show the trek is difficult. B.To warn hikers to take enough water.
C.To frighten people to give up. D.To avoid hikers getting lost.
2.What does Scott Cullymone think of his nickname?
A.It’s womanish. B.It’s manly.
C.It’s ironic, D.It’s appropriate.
3.Who will Scott offer his help to?
A.Anybody he meets. B.Those in the middle of the trek.
C.Anyone in need of water. D.Those who sweat a lot.
4.What can be the best title of this text?
A.A Desert-Like Mountain B.Fighting against Heat
C.Necessities for Hiking D.Water Angel
