For many, music is as important to the human experience as eating and breathing. We hear music everywhere—at home, the gym, parties and stores. But what kind of music do we prefer to listen to, and when and why do our musical preferences change?
The relationship between the change of seasons and musical preferences was the focus of a study led by psychologist Terry Pettijohn. He and his team based their research on a previous study that examined the relationship between popular music preferences and the Environmental Security Hypothesis(假设). The results showed that over time, when social and financial conditions were more risky, the songs of the year that were slower, longer, more comforting and serious were most popular. And during periods in which social and financial conditions were generally stable, the result was opposite.
Building on these findings, Pettijohn and his team wondered if the Hypothesis could also be applied to the change of seasons. For college students, the participants in this study, autumn begins at the start of the school year. Gone are the carefree days of summer, when school is out. Winter means colder temperatures, shorter days, and, in many places in the country, snow. Spring, however, is a different story. It represents a fresh start and when clocks spring forward, we gain an extra hour of daylight. As students walk into summer, they’re absorbed in the sunshine and social activities—and enjoy a break from school.
But do changing seasonal conditions influence musical preferences? To answer this question, the researchers designed two studies. What did they find? Both groups of college students favored more serious music during the seasons of fall and winter, and more active and energetic music during the spring and summer seasons. And these findings, Pettijohn argues, have practical significances.
1.The purpose of the question raised in Paragraph 1 is to ________.
A.present a different opinion on music
B.prove where to listen to music matters
C.stress the importance of music to humans
D.introduce the topic on musical preferences
2.What influences a person’s choice of music types according to the previous study?
A.Whether one has enough free time.
B.Whether one lives in a stable situation.
C.Whether one is exposed to sunlight.
D.Whether one chooses to change his life.
3.How does Pettijohn feel about the findings of his studies?
A.It’s unexpected. B.It’s humorous.
C.It’s discouraging. D.It’s significant.
Tenzing left his home when he was ten to work and help his mother, who was looking after their 2-acre ancestral farm after his father’s death. He did temporary jobs for the first few years and then joined a Malaysian construction firm, where he learnt to drive, repair machines, work on the Internet and even speak English fluently.
“In those 13 years, I learnt everything—driving, mechanic work, and how to set up a small factory. This made me gain much confidence to do almost all jobs,” says Tenzing.
However, as his mother was getting older, on December 12, 2006, Tenzing returned to his hometown in Assam. Having visited several farms, he came to know that tea could be easily exported and many tea companies were buying tea; so he also decided to grow tea on his farm. But as his family had never grown tea, he had no idea how to do it.
Being a green hand in this field, Tenzing went to meet with many tea experts and followed their instructions. But whenever he sprayed pesticide (农药)on his farm, he’d get a headache and feel indisposed. So he started looking for alternatives. Tenzing did his research online and finally in 2007, he connected with people from a Canadian non-governmental organization and invited them to his farm, where they trained him. Thus, Tenzing started growing tea organically.
Today Tenzing has 25 acres of land, of which 7.5 acres is used for tea planting, and he grows almost all types of fruits and vegetables. His success inspired many, and farmers from other parts of the country also started coming to his farm to learn organic farming. He has trained about 30,000 farmers so far. Every year almost 100 tourists visit his farm from various parts of the world like the UK, Australia, Germany, etc.
1.What can we know about Tenzing?
A. He was mistreated at a young age. B. He lived a happy childhood.
C. He had great learning ability. D. He received much formal education.
2.Why did Tenzing want to grow tea on his farm?
A. His mother was getting older. B. Tea sold very well at that time.
C. His land was best for tea growth. D. He was tired of temporary jobs.
3.What does the underlined word “indisposed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Unfair. B. Motivated
C. Touched. D. Uncomfortable.
4.What can be inferred about Tenzing’s farm according to the last paragraph?
A. It has been the biggest one around.
B. It is famous nationally and globally.
C. It is made use of mostly to grow tea.
D. It has become a hot tourist attraction.
Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell
The diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:
Academic Distribution Requirements
The College’s academic distribution requirements will include: effective writing; foreign language beyond the introductory level; imaginative and critical thinking.
To choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrollment information and course details.
The Class Roster is updated frequently.
To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornell’s full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, policies and procedures.
If you need help, call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.
A New Curriculum
On October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty（教员）approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the college’s commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students who have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.
Innovative Learning
If you’re one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative（创新的）classroom project that uses active learning, a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.
Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.
1.If you want to plan your courses over the long run, you can use the ______.
A.Class Roster B.Courses of Study
C.Course Designer D.Career Center
2.For students involved in an innovative classroom project, they ______.
A.may study a new model
B.are on the quickest way to be experts
C.will get more freedom during research project
D.have advantages of studying outside the classroom
3.The article is probably taken from ______.
A.a college website B.a science report
C.a travel magazine D.an academic journal
假定你是李华，于2019年3月2日搭乘某航空公司航班（Flight HZH9211）回国。到机场后，你发现遗失了行李箱。现你用英语给航空公司写一封信，请他们帮你寻找。
要点包括：
1. 陈述写信原因；
2. 描述行李箱；
3. 期待回复并表示感谢。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
My name is Li Hua, and I was a passenger
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Regards,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
) 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last summer vacation, I worked in restaurant. One day, I was about to be off duty while three foreigners came in. Since it was my first time to talk with foreigner, suddenly my mind went blankly. I failed to respond to their questions. And a few minutes later, I refreshed myself. So, I began to talk to them and adapt to that atmosphere gradually. I restarted to pick up my confident again. One of them, that seemed in his thirties, praised on me for my selfconfidence. After that, I swore I must learn English well, especially spoken English, and never make that embarrassing thing happening again.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Duanwu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, 1. (found) in memory of Qu Yuan, who was 2. poet and minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period (475-221BC). The festival date is on the fifth day of May on the Chinese lunar calendar.
Traditional 3. (celebrate) of the Dragon Boat Festival include eating rice dumplings, drinking wine and 4. (race) dragon boats. You don’t have to live in China long 5. (know) the country’s most popular foods 6. good stories behind them.
That’s 7. (particular) true of rice dumplings, 8. have been connected with the Dragon Boat Festival for more than a thousand years.
Rice dumplings wrapped in leaves remain with us today as the 9. (tradition) way to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. In general, northern Chinese prefer sweet versions of these steamed treats while southerners like salty tastes. In the north, some rice dumplings are plain, to be dipped into sugar. In the south, however, locals have 10. (they) own creativity. They have added hum, chestnuts and mushrooms into zongzi over centuries.
