Benefits of green spaces
We all know the value of taking a walk in the fresh spring weather. It allows your mind to relax and forget about the problems in everyday life. Studies have commonly shown the benefits of being around green spaces, including gardens, urban parks and forests.
But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact your mental health as an adult?
A study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe, including Spain, the Netherlands, Lithuania and the UK.
The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood — for example, playing in a garden, riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest. They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.
Volunteers were then given a psychological test, which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities, to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression (抑郁) within a four-week period.
The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure — as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.
The study’s coordinator (协调员), Wilma Zijlema, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”. She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the implications (含义) of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.
According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces. Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, director of ISGlobal’s Urban Planning, said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoor lifestyle … so we call on policymakers to improve the availability (可得性) of natural spaces for children.”
While this study was based in Europe, a lack of green space can affect anyone, anywhere. So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature, as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.
1.What was the purpose of the ISGlobal’s walking study?
A.To examine the advantages of taking a walk.
B.To understand the mental health problems of children.
C.To see how childhood experiences shape adult life.
D.To study the influence of childhood exposure to natural spaces.
2.What do we know about the study?
A.The participants included both children and adults.
B.The participants were from all over the world.
C.It focused on the participants’ physical health state.
D.It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.
3.What do Paragraphs 7-8 mainly talk about?
A.The value of the study. B.The results of the study.
C.The method of the study. D.The process of the study.
4.What does the underlined word “immerse” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A.Protect against something. B.Understand something.
C.Lose oneself in something. D.Imagine doing something.
When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-ravaged (火灾肆虐的) Australia, she decided to do something about it.
She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations asked for hand-sewn (手缝的) and knitted pouches (袋子) and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires.
This idea attracted Ratelle, but there was just one problem.
“I’d never sewn in my life,” said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista, US. “Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew.”
Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to For Australian Wildlife Needing Aid (FAWNA), one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from burns.
A week later, she received a photo from FAWNA with a young joey (幼兽) in one of her larger pouches. “It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” said Ratelle, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.
“I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated (蹂躏) by natural disasters,” she said.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died, as a result of the bushfires, which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia.
Several craft guild (手工业行会) websites around the world have mobilized (动员) for Australian relief by making the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12 and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newberry, “it was a big push that made we crafters, sewers to realize there’s something more we can do than just make things for ourselves,” she said.
1.What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?
A.What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew.
B.What is needed to save koalas and other species.
C.The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia.
D.Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia.
2.How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA according to the text?
A.Proud. B.Calm.
C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.
3.The statistics (统计数字) in Paragraph 8 are used to show ______.
A.how frequent the bushfires are in Australia
B.how harmful the bushfires are in Australia
C.the great varieties of wild animals in Australia
D.the difficulties facing relief organizations in Australia
4.What do Newberry’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A.People should stay united through difficult times.
B.Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia.
C.It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work.
D.Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals.
Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell
The diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:
Academic Distribution Requirements
The College’s academic distribution requirements will include:
· effective writing
· foreign language beyond the introductory level
.· imaginative and critical thinking
To choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrollment information and course details.
The Class Roster is updated frequently.
To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornell’s full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, policies and procedures.
If you need help, call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.
A New Curriculum
On October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty（ 教员） approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the college’s commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students who have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.
Innovative Learning
If you’re one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative（ 创新的） classroom project that uses active learning,a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.
Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.
1.If you want to plan your courses over the long run, you can use the ______.
A.Class Roster B.Courses of Study
C.Course Designer D.Career Center
2.For students involved in an innovative classroom project, they ______.
A.may study a new model
B.are on the quickest way to be experts
C.will get more freedom during research project
D.have advantages of studying outside the classroom
3.The article is probably taken from ______.
A.a travel magazine B.a science report
C.a college website D.an academic journal
Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning and I knew who was _______ as I reached for the telephone. I was a new substitute teacher (代课教师) trying to earn enough money to _______ my family. Each morning, I _______ for a call that would take me to a different classroom. The last three classes had all been determined to _______ me and see just how much bad behavior they could get away with (逃脱惩罚). I had responded (应对) by being _______ with the students. I didn't really _______ to go to work that morning, especially since it was my birthday.
Still, I answered the phone and _______ the job. My family needed the money and I couldn't _______ to be picky (挑剔的). As I was driving to work, I _______ to try harder to be the best teacher that I could be.
As the class started, the students ________ tried to see what they could get away with. This time, though, I was ________ but fair with them. I did my best to make my lessons ________. I shared smiles, praised their efforts, and encouraged them to work hard.
The results were ________. My unruly (难以驾驭的) classroom soon ________. Students were learning and laughing, and I ________ felt like I was doing my job right. I went home feeling ________ in my heart and enjoyed the rest of my birthday with my family.
I remembered something that I once read: “Every day is a new opportunity to ________ again. Every day is your birthday.” Every day is a ________ for us to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place. Don't ________ a single day. Just try to be the best you can be. Never stop ________.
1.A.bothering B.calling C.knocking D.playing
2.A.pay B.impress C.support D.provide
3.A.waited B.asked C.looked D.headed
4.A.please B.test C.persuade D.surprise
5.A.patient B.honest C.satisfied D.angry
6.A.want B.need C.choose D.hesitate
7.A.refused B.received C.took D.completed
8.A.manage B.pretend C.expect D.afford
9.A.agreed B.decided C.appeared D.started
10.A.in time B.at last C.at once D.once again
11.A.strict B.worried C.mad D.disappointed
12.A.clear B.useful C.fun D.difficult
13.A.strange B.funny C.important D.amazing
14.A.changed B.divided C.returned D.disappeared
15.A.again B.even C.finally D.nearly
16.A.confused B.happy C.tired D.upset
17.A.check B.settle C.discover D.begin
18.A.chance B.choice C.risk D.goal
19.A.spend B.forget C.waste D.save
20.A.learning B.trying C.asking D.thinking
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duan Wu Festival, 1. (celebrate) in the 2. (five) month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by 3. (eat) zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice (糯米) wrapped to form a pyramid using bamboo or reed leaves, and racing dragon boats. To hold the dragon-boat races is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of the greatest 4. (poet) in China.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
They suggest making small changes like taking public transport, recycling, using low-flow shower heads, and buying light bulbs that use less energy. Even simple things like using 1. (recycle) paper or switching off the lights when you leave a room can help. 2. we add up all these small changes made by everyone worldwide, they won’t be such small changes. They could be the changes that save our future. After all, there is no substitute 3. our earth.
