假定你是李华，高考来临之际，你写信给美国的也即将高中毕业并面临考试压力的笔友John。要点如下：
1.表达问候和理解；
2.憧憬大学生活；
3.考前鼓励。
注意：
1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Terry,
Glad to receive your last letter! I was willing to tell you what customs you should pay attention when visiting a friend. Here is some tips.
First of all, bear in mind that you have better arrive punctually or some time earlier than the appointing time. This is of great significant to show your politeness. But you may as well bring an appropriate gift, like some fruits. Above all, you should mind your table manner. For instance, never speak with your mouth full of food, that may be similar to your own customs.
In brief, do as the Chinese do when in China. I do hope you will have a great fun at your friend's home.
Rob is a commercial diver in Louisiana. He performs _______ repairs on facilities. Below is an e-mail he sent to his sister.
Hi Sue,
I know you've been feeling _________ lately about your job, so I thought I would share my _________with you to make you realize it's not so _______ after all.
As you know, I _________ a diving suit to the sea. This time of year the water is quite cool. To keep water_________, we have a powered water heater which sucks the sea water and _________ it to a delightful temperature. It then _________ the water down to the diver through a hose (软管). Now, this all sounds like a good plan, and I've used it several times with no ___________
This time the water heater____________my whole suit with warm water. It's fantastic… it's like working in a bathtub. But __________ , my bottom started to itch and I scratched it. Within a few seconds my bottom started to feel a fierce burning. I __________ the hose out from my back, thinking that maybe the water was too hot, but the____________ was done. The hot water machine had sucked up a jellyfish (水母) and pumped it __________ into my suit. All of its poisonous, sharp pain-causing tentacles (触须) went into the narrow opening of my bottom!
I informed the dive director of what happened over the communicator. His ____________ were unclear due to the fact that he, along with five other divers, was all laughing heartily. Needless to say I __________ the dive. When I arrived at the surface, the director, with tears of ____________ running down his face, handed me a tube of cream and told me to ____________ it on my bottom. The cream ____________ the fire, but I couldn’t go to the toilet for two days because my bottom was swollen shut.
So, next time you're having a bad day at work, think about how much worse it would be if you had a __________push up your bottom. Whenever you have a bad day, ask yourself, is this a jellyfish bad day?
1.A.road B.medical C.underwater D.housing
2.A.upset B.cheerful C.nervous D.satisfied
3.A.dream B.story C.duty D.agenda
4.A.amusing B.alarming C.awful D.appealing
5.A.deliver B.produce C.order D.wear
6.A.warm B.clean C.icy D.calm
7.A.boils B.increases C.heats D.releases
8.A.drives B.mops up C.pumps D.pollutes
9.A.control B.complaints C.information D.comments
10.A.cooled B.flooded C.faded D.shrank
11.A.sooner or later B.once in a while C.all of a sudden D.in a short term
12.A.cut B.slid C.passed D.pulled
13.A.deed B.justice C.favor D.damage
14.A.directly B.regularly C.stably D.securely
15.A.feelings B.actions C.excuses D.instructions
16.A.started B.stopped C.practiced D.enjoyed
17.A.disappointment B.curiosity C.laughter D.panic
18.A.apply B.burn C.remove D.hide
19.A.kept up B.put out C.built up D.blew on
20.A.hose B.heater C.diver D.jellyfish
Many people can't imagine life without dogs. 1.. However, dogs and people are very different animals. To make the most of your relationship with your dog, you need to teach her some important skills. Here are three essential principles to keep in mind while teaching.
2..
One of the most frequent complaints of pet parents is that their dogs "just won't listen". But put yourself in your dog's shoes for a moment. If someone was constantly speaking in a foreign language how long would you pay attention? Probably not for very long because you simply couldn't understand what the foreign speaker was trying to communicate. Thus, you need to understand how.
If you like the behavior, reward it.
Some training methods use punishment, like scolding, to discourage dogs from doing everything except what you want them to do. 3.. While both strategies can work, the latter is usually the more effective approach, and it's also much more enjoyable for you and your dog.
Control consequences effectively
As you teach your dog dos and don'ts, bear the following two guideline in mind;
Consequences must be immediate. Dogs live in the present. Unlike us, they can't make connections between events and experiences that are separated in time. For your dog to connect something she does with the consequences of that behavior, the consequences must be immediate 4., you have to catch her messing around in the kitchen and punish her on the spot.
5.. When training your dog, you should respond the same way to things she does every time she does them. For example, if you sometimes touch your dog when she jumps up to greet you but sometimes yell at her instead, she'll definitely get confused. How can she know when it's okay to jump up and when it's not?
A.Consequences must be consistent
B.Understand how your dog learns
C.If you want to keep your dog safe
D.If you want to discourage your dog from doing something
E.We adore them for their loyalty, unconditional affection, and passion for life
F.Training your dog well will improve your life and hers, enhancing the bond
G.Other methods mainly focus on teaching dogs what you want them to do
More than a billion people around the world have smartphones, almost all of which come with avigation (导航) apps such as Google or Apple Maps. This raises the questions we meet with any technology: What skills are we losing? What abilities are we gaining?
Talking with people who're good at finding their way around or using paper maps, I often hear lots of frustration with digital maps. North/South direction gets messed up, and you can see only a small section at a time.
But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Despite being a frequent traveler, I'm so terrible at finding my way that I still use Google Maps every day in the small town where I have lived for many years. What looks like an imperfect product to some has been a significant expansion of my own abilities.
Part of the problem is that reading paper maps requires specific skills. There is nothing natural about them. In many developed nations, including the U. S., one expects street names and house numbers to be meaningful references, and instructions such as "go north for three blocks and then west" make sense. In Istanbul, in contrast, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals rarely use street names. Why bother when a government or a military group might change them again? Besides, the city is full of winding, ancient alleys that meet newer avenues at many angles. Instructions as simple as “go north" would require a helicopter or a bulldozer (推士机).
Let's come back to my original questions. While we often lose some skills after leaving the work to technology, it may also allow us to expand our abilities. Consider the calculator: I don't doubt that our arithmetic skills might have dropped a bit as the little machines became common, but calculations that were once boring and tricky are now much more straightforward and one can certainly do more complex calculations more confidently.
1.What is the drawback of digital maps?
A.They aren't connected to smartphones.
B.They cost too much to download.
C.They leave some users frustrated.
D.They mix up the south and the north.
2.What's the author’s attitude toward digital maps?
A.Doubtful B.Supportive
C.ambiguous D.Uncaring.
3.What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A.The differences between Istanbul and the U. S.
B.The miserable life of people in Istanbul.
C.The necessity of asking local people in Istanbul.
D.The ancient alleys and new avenues in Istanbul.
4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A.When technology closes a door, it opens one as well.
B.Two paper maps are better than a digital one.
C.Technology is not developed in a day.
D.No calculators, no digital maps.
The African Continent has various habitat types, but savanna (热带草原) ecosystems cover approximately half. And where there is savanna, there is fire. "It's an important part of the ecology of the system," says University of Liverpool ecologist James R Probert. Burning allows grasses to take the lead by keeping taller bushes from occupying the land, Loss of grasses could push out species such as wildebeest (牛 羚 ), which are famous for their splendid annual migration.
A decade ago researchers put decreasing fires within Tanzania's Serengeti National Park down to the recovery of wildebeest population following an epidemic of rinderpest, a viral disease. When millions of wildebeest feed on grass, they remove fuel from the land, making fire less frequent and less severe.
But Probert and his colleagues found that even after wildebeest populations had stabilized by the mid-1990s, fires continued to decrease in the same area. Their analysis of satellite data showed that the region experienced a 40 percent reduction in wildfires between 2001 and 2014- in line with dramatic increases in farm animals in the area.
If you have lots of farm animals eating the grass, then you have less fire. That’s well known Probert says. "But I don’t think anybody had realized the degree of the decline in fire and linked it to farm animals before.”
This is a really interesting pattern, "says University of Guelph biologist John Fryxell, who was not involved in the study. He cautions, however, that 15 years' worth of data is still a fairly small amount of information from which to draw final conclusions. "What a short-term connection like that suggests is that there's something interesting here that could provide the grounds for a deeper experimental analysis, "he adds. That research could include artificially controlling fire frequency or grazing intensity (放牧强度) in certain areas and then monitoring the land's response over time.
1.What do we know about fires in savanna?
A.They only happen once in a decade.
B.They are harmful to the growth of grasses.
C.They help keep the balance of the ecosystem.
D.They guarantee the leading position of taller bushes.
2.According to Probert, what led to decreasing fires?
A.The spread of a disease. B.The increase in farm animals.
C.The change of the climate. D.The stability of wildebeest population.
3.What does John think of Probert's study?
A.It might help recover the land in savanna.
B.It could lead to further studies on savanna fire.
C.It has proven the link between fires and grasses.
D.It offers enough information for final conclusions.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Savanna Ecosystem. B.No More Farm Animals
C.Eating Away Fire. D.Controlling Wildfires
