Question

The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke

Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health. Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases. 1. However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes. He lives with his wife，Evelyn，who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.

2. However, doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people’s cigarettes. The US This smoke is called secondhand smoke.

Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.

The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker’s health.  3. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic (有毒的) chemicals in their bodies. 4. For example，we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants，hotels and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas，smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted. It is even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke. In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.

Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as the children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.

5. As a result，they have passed laws which prohibit(禁止) people from smoking in many public places.

A.Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.

B.As a matter of fact, almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times, whether we realize it or not.

C.In fact, many people who smoke get lung cancer.

D.However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people, old or young.

E.People are becoming very aware of the dangers of secondhand smoke.

F.No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.

G.Many people, including doctors, parents, teachers, and others, are concerned about the health risks of cigarette smoking.

Answer

1.C

2.F

3.A

4.B

5.E

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了二手烟的危害。

1.

空前提到“科学研究表明，它会导致很多疾病”，C项“事实上，很多吸烟的人会的肺癌”承接上文，是对空前的进一步举例说明，符合语境。故选C项。

2.

根据空后“然而，医生认为，二手烟可能引起导致不吸烟的人得肺癌”可知，空处与后一句是转折关系，F项“没有人确切知道为什么Gilson先生为什么患肺癌”切题。故选F项。

3.

空后提到“他们发现甚至不吸烟的人体内也有一定量的不健康的有毒物质”，A项“然而，最近科学家在研究了一些不吸烟的人后改变了他们的观点”切题，空后是说科学家的具体发现，空后They指代A项中“scientists”，故选A项。

4.

根据空后“例如，我们在饭店、旅馆和其他一些公共场所都难以避免二手烟”可知，B项“事实上，无论我们是否意识到，几乎我们所有人有时都会吸入二手烟”切题，空后一句是对B项的具体举例说明。故选B项。

5.

根据空后“所以，他们通过了一些禁止在很多公共场所吸烟的法律”可知，人们应是意识到了二手烟的危害，所以E项“人们越来越意识到二手烟的危害”与空后形成因果关系，故选E项。