Question

    On April 12th, two African American men walked into a Starbucks in Philadelphia, and sat down to wait for their friend.Because they had not bought anything, an employee asked them to leave.When the two men refused, the employee called the police, and in minutes, they were arrested.It was not until later that day that they were let go.

The video of this incident posted on Twitter went viral.People across the US were outraged.Unfortunately, these practices are not uncommon today.This incident is just one example of implicit bias(内隐偏见), something that is a part of human nature.

Most of the time, implicit bias refers to people showing negative associations towards people of a different race.Starting from a young age, these feelings develop unconsciously and naturally, because our brain draws associations based on our background, cultural environment and personal experiences.

Implicit bias affects our everyday speech and actions and these unconscious decisions can be harmful to our society.There have been many examples of blacks unfairly killed by white officers, such as in the cases of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling, which happened only two years ago.Implicit bias affects the justice system, our medical system where studies show minorities are less likely to be taken seriously, and job placements where white males are likely to be judged as more capable compared to women and other minorities.

Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson and the police have publicly apologized to the two men, and Starbucks will be holding an anti-bias training meeting on May 29^th. All Starbucks stores will be closed on that day.However, critics and experts have said that such training is done "for show" rather than to promote change.

To address this issue, many experts agree that what the world needs is a long-term program that targets the root cause.It also starts with promoting diversity in children from an early age when they have friends and playmates from different races and cultures.

1.What does the underlined word "outraged" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Very angry. B.Quite curious. C.Very delighted. D.Quite puzzled.

2.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A.The nature of implicit bias. B.The examples of implicit bias.

C.The basic concepts of implicit bias. D.The negative effects of implicit bias.

3.What might experts think of the anti-bias training meeting?

A.It will be a shame for Starbucks B.lt will be a meaningless practice.

C.It will raise the police's reputation. D.lt will raise public awareness of anti-bias.

4.What might many experts agree with?

A.Starbucks should be closed.

B.Implicit bias should be ignored.

C.Children should be taught to avoid implicit bias.

D.Implicit bias should be dealt with by the policemen.

Answer

1.A

2.D

3.B

4.C

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文，文章讲述了两个男人在星巴克里等人的时候没有消费而被星巴克报警赶走，由此因此文章讨论的话题：内隐偏见。文章对此现象做了详细介绍并列举了具体事例。

1.猜测词意题。根据第五段第一句“Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson and the police have publicly apologized to the two men, and Starbucks will be holding an anti-bias training meeting on May 29th.”可知星巴克的CEO和警察都向二人道歉，而且星巴克将开展反对歧视的培训会议。说明他们的这种行为让大众很愤慨，在巨大的压力之下他们才做出了回应。该词意为“very angry”，所以选择A项。

2.段落大意题。根据本段中前两句“Implicit bias affects our everyday speech and actions and these unconscious decisions can be harmful to our society. There have been many examples of blacks unfairly killed by white officers…”可知本段主要介绍内隐偏见对人们日常行为的影响，并举例做了说明。所以D项正确。

3.细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“However, critics and experts have said that such training is done "for show" rather than to promote change”可知批评家和专家都认为星巴克的这种培训是做秀，是一种没有意义的做法，而不是真正的要做出改变。故B项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一句“It also starts with promoting diversity in children from an early age when they have friends and playmates from different races and cultures.”可知专家认为要从小开始教育孩子要接受多样化，不要有歧视和偏见。故C项正确。