Environmental groups and rock climbers are always at loggerheads because of the effect of rock climbing on the environment. There have been many examples, wherein rock climbers are accused of going into natural reserves and treating the animals, plants and rocks there badly. However, with the changing times, rock climbers are conscious and carry out minimal climbing.
Rock climbers hammer bolts (螺栓) on climbing routes and in the process damage the nature of rocks. In addition, climbing activities also have an effect on the animals and plants situated near the climbing area. The plants growing near the base of rocks are trampled (踩踏), and the animals living in the climbing area are forced out of their places, whenever humans are around. For example, during the summer climbing season, pregnant females of an endangered species of snake live in open areas like roadsides, exposed walls or rocks, where there is less canopy closure (树冠郁闭) compared to areas occupied by non-pregnant females and males. According to climbers, these open areas are very ft for climbing during summer.
Many rock climbers have understood the significance of wildlife plant and animal preservation and related issues, and therefore take measures to reduce effects on climbing areas. Considering the effect of climbing activities on natural reserves, various national parks and wildlife agencies have put forth certain regulations on climbers. There are seasonal closures of climbing areas to avoid illegal entrance of uninformed rock climbers.
Climbers are always expected to support wilderness preservation. Many environmental organizations have been formed to protect the environment and in the process draw up certain guidelines for rock climbers. Both sides have come to a common understanding of the effect of rock climbers on protected areas.
1.What does the underlined part “at loggerheads” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.In support. B.In difficulty.
C.In disagreement. D.In communication.
2.Why is the example of snakes mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A.To show how special their living habits are. B.To show rock climbing affects their lives.
C.To show climbers are exposed to great danger. D.To show how to avoid wild animals in summer.
3.What do environmental organizations do to preserve wilderness?
A.Give guidelines to rock climbers. B.Accuse climbers of their climbing.
C.Close some secured natural reserves. D.Encourage climbers to choose open areas.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.Efforts made to protect rock climbers. B.The recent popularity of rock climbing.
C.Environmental issues of rock climbing. D.Rock climbers’ environmental awareness.
Blue light before bedtime can make it harder to sleep, and the screens on phones, computers and televisions give out plenty of blue light. This is all true. But if you consider blue light as a major problem affecting your sleep or your eye health, it’s time to change your mind.
Philip Yuhas, a professor of optometry (验光), writes at The Conversation, “Blue light isn’t a uniquely technological evil. It’s part of sunlight, and your eyes are exposed to plenty of it all the time. You’re fine.” The pigments (色素) and the lenses of our eyes actually block blue light fairly well—so in a sense, we already have built-in blue-blocking protection.
Adding more protection isn’t likely to help, though. You can buy glasses and screen filters (过滤器) that block blue light, but Yuhas points out they are probably a waste of money. He says, “The products that my patients ask about do not block out much blue light.” The leading blue-blocking anti-reflective coating, for example, blocks only about 15% of the blue light that screens give out.
You could get the same reduction just by holding your phone another inch from your face. Try it now and see if you notice a difference. No? Then it shouldn’t surprise you that a recent analysis concluded that blue-blocking glasses and coatings have no significant effect on sleep quality, comfort at the computer or retinal (视网膜的) health.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology doesn’t recommend blue-blocking products, either. Instead, if you’re concerned about your eye health or your ability to get into sleep on time, you already know what to do: Put the screens away at bedtime. Read a book or find something else to do. While you’re using screens, take a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet away. If you get dry eyes when you look at screens for a long time, use artificial tears.
1.What do we know about blue light?
A.It produces kinds of pigments. B.It does serious harm to our health.
C.It can be blocked by our eyes effectively. D.It is a unique product of electronics.
2.What can be learned about blue-blocking glasses from the text?
A.They are widely popular B.They are almost useless.
C.They are inaccessible. D.They are reliable.
3.What does the author suggest readers do?
A.Try to wet dry eyes with tears. B.Keep a distance from blue light.
C.Stop using screens in the evening. D.Have regular breaks when using screens.
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.Does blue light really affect your health? B.Are blue-blocking products recommended?
C.Where does blue light actually come from? D.How can we avoid the harm from blue light?
Morris, a well-known English violinist, had been exhausted from a day of recording at Abbey Road Studios when he exited the Southeastern Railway from London late last month. He was so tired that he didn’t even realize that he had left his beloved violin on the train until the following morning.
The violin is one of the few surviving instruments made by Roman craftsman David Tecchler in 1709. Not only is the violin worth $320,000, but Morris has also been playing the instrument for 15 years.
Feeling panic, Morris contacted the British Transport Police to see if it had been returned; unfortunately, officers checked the footage (录像) and saw that the violin had been picked up by another train passenger. Morris then created social media accounts to beg for the return of his instrument. The footage was shown in the news, and the person responsible for taking the violin was treated as a suspect.
Several days later, Morris received a phone call from someone who recognized the man on the train. Morris was then put in contact with the man who took the violin—and he had apparently been very eager to return the instrument. After promising the man that he wouldn’t be arrested, Morris met him in a grocery store parking lot so he could reunite with his beloved instrument.
The man apologized sincerely, saying he wanted to hand it to Morris in person. Morris found the instrument and the contents of its case were still in perfect condition. To his surprise, it was even still intune (音调准确). Morris was excited and deeply grateful for its return.
“I’m still getting over the shock of its coming back,” Morris admitted in an interview afterwards. Then he played a breathtaking piece of music Amazing Grace on his 310-year-old violin in front of the reporters.
1.What can we learn about the lost violin?
A.It’s valuable and important. B.It’s a gift from David Tecchler.
C.It’s the only violin Morris owns. D.It’s the oldest violin in the world.
2.What did Morris do first after he found his violin missing?
A.He spoke to reporters about it. B.He turned to the police for help.
C.He described his situation online. D.He returned to the train to look for it.
3.What do we know about the man who took the violin away?
A.He knew the violin was unique. B.He got in touch with Morris directly.
C.He was unwilling to return the violin. D.He felt afraid to be punished for his act.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Citizens protected an expensive violin
B.Strangers were connected by a special violin
C.A violinist reunited with his 310-year-old violin
D.An old violin was returned to its former owner
While Google, Bing and Yahoo dominate (居……之首) adult search engine choices, they are not always the best choice for students. The sites on this list are good search engines that students can rely on.
Fact Monster
Homework help is always on hand with Fact Monster (www.factmonster.com). It is mainly fit for students aged from 7 to 12. There are also all kinds of games, spelling tests and more for kids to improve their study and have some fun.
Ask Kids
Ask Kids (www.askkids.com) is a great site for students to safely find the information they need from the web. Besides being a useful and safe search engine, Ask Kids also has a useful picture and video search function that allows students to find pictures or videos that may be useful to their information search.
SortFix
SortFix (www.sortfix.com) is one of the useful search engines for students because it provides relevant, organized search results. It does this by analyzing the keywords in the search results, and giving the searcher the ability to focus on, or remove, certain keywords. It is a useful search engine if you are not sure what information you want to find, or if you are tired of finding irrelevant (不相关的) results in your searches.
Wolfram Alpha
Created Stephen Wolfram, Wolfram Alpha (www.wolframalpha.com) can calculate things that it would take a hundred or more individual websites to do. It uses a set of ways to answer questions directly that you type into the search box, which is different from other websites. You can find everything from the nutritional value of an apple to the real-time position of the International Space Station. An Apple app is offered so that you can add it to any iPod Touch devices. It is best suited for older students.
1.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.To recommend four useful apps.
B.To advertise four interesting websites.
C.To list the top four popular websites in the US.
D.To introduce four student-friendly search engines.
2.If you keep getting the results you don’t want, which will you probably use?
A.Fast Monster. B.Ask Kids. C.SortFix. D.Wolfram Alpha.
3.What’s special about Wolfram Alpha?
A.It offers answers directly. B.It provides games for kids.
C.It focuses on solving maths problems. D.It is intended for astronomy enthusiasts.
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A few years ago, I had taken a part-time job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From inside the store, I’d begun to see the people rushing by outside. Then an elderly woman caught my eye. Although slow and unsure of step, she moved with deliberation(从容). The elderly woman had come into the store along with a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter. The daughter was clearly impatient, checking her watch every few seconds.
The older woman then separated from the younger one and began to tick through the DVDs on the nearest shelf, obviously expecting someone else to help. After the slightest hesitation, I walked over and asked if I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a title scrawled(乱涂乱画的)on a piece of paper. It was a bit unclear to make out. Clearly a person looking for it knew a little about movies, about quality. Rather than rushing off to locate the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could show her where she could find it.
Looking back, I think I wanted to enjoy her company for a moment. Something about her deliberate movements reminded me of my own mother, who’d passed away the previous Christmas. As we walked along the back of the store, I introduced her to the different sections: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed company and casual conversation.
We found the movie, and I complimented her on her choice. She smiled and told me it was one she’d enjoyed when she was her daughter’s age and that she hoped she would enjoy it as much as she had. Maybe, she said with a hint of wistfulness(一丝渴望), her daughter could enjoy it with her own young children. Then, when the older woman’s turn in line came, she paid in cash, counting out the dollars and coins with the same sureness she’d displayed earlier.
注意：
1.续写短文的词数150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
As the cashier put the DVD into a plastic bag, I walked over to the younger woman.
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Paragraph 2:
The elderly woman moved with her deliberate slowness back to her daughter.
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假定你是李华，你收到外国朋友Peter的邮件，他想了解你校在新冠疫情 (COVID-19 epidemic) 期间线上教学(online classes)的情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 课程与时间； 2. 你的学习状态； 3. 你的期待。
注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
