Question

    Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics. Now some state and local governments have passed laws that require citizens to recycle their food waste as well. California and Vermont have statewide laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes. The process of recycling food waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting (堆制肥料).

Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags, and eggshells. Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted. Meat, fish, and dairy food waste cannot be recycled.

According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills, and composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients (营养物). When compost is added to the soil in gardens and fields, it helps crops grow. 

Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are passing food-waste recycling laws. “Our landfills are far from enough for the creation of new ones is shrinking.” Renee Crowley, a project manager at the Lower East Side Ecology Center in New York City, told TFK.

Officials in Seattle, Washington, say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills, and they are looking to reduce that percentage. That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste. It is banned from all garbage. There is a fine (罚款) for people who put it into regular garbage.

Those who are against food-recycling laws say that the composting process is costly. In addition, it can be difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they don’t have access to outside storage bins. Patti Ferguson from Orange County, California, told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly.

1.What do we know about composting from the text?

A.Leaves can’t be reused. B.Not all food waste can be composted.

C.It is cheap to compost food waste. D.It is usually processed in empty landfills.

2.What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.Benefits of recycling food waste. B.Ways of keeping nutrients in the soil.

C.Ways of reducing the amount of trash. D.Examples of different useful nutrients.

3.In Seattle, throwing food waste into garbage is _____.

A.acceptable B.shameful C.required D.illegal

4.What’s Patti Ferguson’s attitude towards food-recycling laws probably?

A.Thankful. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Supportive.

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.D

4.B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。很多城市制定了法律要求市民循环利用纸类和塑料，现在美国一些州通过法律让市民们循环利用食物垃圾。食物堆制的肥料可以减少垃圾，保留营养成分、帮助庄稼或花园植物成长。当然也有反对的声音，认为在室内摆放装有食物垃圾的容器有异味。

1.

细节理解题。根据第二段Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags, and eggshells. Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted. Meat, fish, and dairy food waste cannot be recycled.可知可以堆肥的食物垃圾包括水果和蔬菜皮、咖啡渣、茶包和蛋壳。花园的废弃物，如茎和叶，也可以制成堆肥。肉类、鱼类和奶制品的食物垃圾不能被回收利用。由此可知，不是所有的食物垃圾都可以堆肥。故选B。

2.

主旨大意题。根据第三段According to environmental groups, composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills, and composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients (营养物). When compost is added to the soil in gardens and fields, it helps crops grow.可知根据环保组织的说法，堆肥减少了进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量，而且堆肥的垃圾含有多种营养成分。当堆肥被添加到花园和田野的土壤中，它有助于农作物生长。由此可知，第三段主要讲了回收食物垃圾的好处。故选A。

3.

细节理解题。根据第五段中There is a fine (罚款) for people who put it into regular garbage.可知把食物垃圾倒进普通垃圾的人会被罚款。由此可知，在西雅图，把食物垃圾扔进垃圾堆是违法的，会被罚款。故选D。

4.

推理判断题。根据最后一段中Those who are against food-recycling laws say that the composting process is costly. In addition, it can be difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they don’t have access to outside storage bins.Patti Ferguson from Orange County, California, told her local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smelly.可知那些反对食品回收法的人说，堆肥过程是昂贵的。此外，居住在公寓里的人很难储存他们的垃圾，因为他们无法使用室外的垃圾箱。，来自加州奥兰治县的Patti Ferguson告诉当地报纸，她认为装食物垃圾的室内容器会发臭。由此可推知，Patti Ferguson对食品回收法律持消极态度。故选B。