Question

    Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the seventeenth century. Once he worked with renowned men of science like Christian Huygens, Antony van Leeuwenhoek, Robert Boyle, Isaac Newton and the great architect, Christopher Wren.

Hooke’s early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School at the age of thirteen, and from there he went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skill at designing experiments and devising instruments. In 1662, at the age of twenty-eight, he was named Curator of Experiments of the newly formed Royal Society of London. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that it had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through the microscope was one of his favorite occupations.

He devised a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork (软木) under a microscope, he saw honeycomb-like structures. They were cells—the smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who coined the term “cell” as the box like cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery (修道院).Perhaps because of his varied interests, Hooke often left experiments unfinished. Others took up where he left  off and then claimed sole (独占的) credit. This sometimes led to quarrels with colleagues. One work that he finished was his book MICRO GRAPHIA, a volume that reveals the immense potential of the microscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity and light which may have helped scientists like Newton while they  were developing their own theories on these phenomena.

Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too. A crater (陨石坑) on the moon is named after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science.

1.From the first paragraph, we can know that Robert Hooke ________.

A.was famous because he worked with many scientists

B.liked making friends with the famous people

C.received a lot from other scientists

D.made contributions to many different fields

2.Robert Hooke probably went to school in________.

A.1634 B.1647 C.1662 D.1640

3.Robert Hooke made himself known to some of the best scientists in England by________.

A.learning by himself with his father's help

B.introducing himself to them

C.designing experiments and instruments

D.refusing any reward from Royal Society of London

4.Robert Hooke couldn’t get along well with his colleagues because________.

A.he couldn’t finish his work on time sometimes

B.he had all kinds of interests in his daily life

C.he was too proud to look up to them

D.the other scientists took the fruits of his experiments

Answer

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.D

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位伟大的科学家——罗伯特·胡克的生平和贡献，他兴趣广泛，在众多科学领域都有所成就。

1.

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the seventeenth century.”可知，罗伯特·胡克的头衔有很多，比如发明家、物理学家、测量师、天文学家、生物学家、艺术家等，有人甚至说他是十七世纪最伟大的试验科学家。由此可知，罗伯特·胡克在众多领域都做出了贡献，故D项正确。

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He entered Westminster School at the age of thirteen”及“In 1662, at the age of twenty-eight”可知，1662年，胡克28岁，而他是在13岁时上的威斯敏斯特学校，由此可知，胡克应该是在1647年（1662－15）上学的，故B项正确。

3.

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skill at designing experiments and devising instruments.”可知，胡克在牛津大学接触到了英国最好的科学家，他设计试验和设计仪器的技巧给他们留下了深刻的印象，由此可知，胡克通过设计试验和仪器使自己为英国一些最优秀的科学家所认识，故C项正确。

4.

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps because of his varied interests, Hooke often left experiments unfinished. Others took up where he left off and then claimed sole (独占的) credit. This sometimes led to quarrels with colleagues.”可知，由于兴趣广泛，胡克经常还没做完试验，就去忙别的了，这样别人就在他做的试验的基础上，继续做，并声称试验成果是他们自己的，胡克因此和同事们发生争吵，由此可知，胡克和同事们相处不好是因为他们独占了他的实验成果，故D项正确。