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Some people described the civil rights e...

    Some people described the civil rights era, in the 1950s and 1960s as “the greatest singing movement in American history”. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. called music “the soul of the movement”.

Integrating singing into the cause was a deliberate choice by the movement’s organizers. It took advantage of a rich cultural tradition of music-making in communities with African American roots. Singing spirituals ( 圣歌) together was a key motivating activity during meetings, church services, sit-ins and freedom rides. Singing together made people feel strong. Singing inspired activists to stand up to the verbal ( 言语的) and physical assaults, to the police dogs, and to the high-pressure fire hoses aimed at them. Singing spirituals united people and focused them on their goals-freedom and equality.

The movement’s songs were mostly updated traditional African American spirituals. “We Shall Overcome” is probably its most famous song. Later on, the song, slightly changed to “We Will Overcome”, was taught to labor organizers in the 1940s at the Highlander Folk School. By 1952, a recording of the song was released, but the words had been changed again to “We Shall Overcome”.

By the late 1950s, the song was being taught to civil rights activists at the Highlander. That’s where King first heard it. At the end of meetings, everyone would rise, join hands, and sing the song. Today, it has spread around the world and can be heard wherever freedom and justice are threatened.

“Free at Last” was another popular civil rights song. Like “We Shall Overcome”, it inspired singers to continue with a difficult struggle. It sings of the dream and promise of freedom, urging everyone to join hands and to not give up hope. King ended his famous “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington by quoting a line from it: “Free at last, free at last! “

Taking a cue from the strengths of older African American traditions, music expressed the soul of the civil rights movement. Songs and singing proved essential nonviolent weapons in the struggle for freedom.

1.The second paragraph is mainly about  .

A.what the goals of the civil rights movement were

B.on what occasions African Americans sang together

C.why organizers employed singing in the civil rights movement

D.how African Americans started the tradition of singing together

2.What does the underlined word “assaults” probably mean in Paragraph 2?

A.Violent attacks. B.Severe problems.

C.Serious disabilities. D.Potential dangers.

3.What do the songs “We Shall Overcome” and “Free at Last” have in common?

A.Both underwent a lot of changes.

B.Both required singers to stand up to sing.

C.Both influenced Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

D.Both are still very popular around the globe.

4.What might be the best title for the passage?

A.King-hero of the civil rights movement

B.Music-soul of the civil rights movement

C.Freedom-dream of African Americans

D.Singing-language to unite Americans

 

1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐的发展在民权运动中的积极作用。 1. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Integrating singing into the cause was a deliberate choice by the movement’s organizers. It took advantage of a rich cultural tradition of music-making in communities with African American roots.”可知政府官员将音乐融入到事业当中是一个明智的选择,因为它充分利用了非裔美国人社区中的丰富的音乐制造文化传统,所以第二段主要讲述了政府官员将音乐融入到民权运动中来的原因。故选C项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Singing inspired activists to stand up to the verbal ( 言语的) and physical assaults, to the police dogs, and to the high-pressure fire hoses aimed at them.”可知唱歌激励这些活跃分子经得住言语和身体的暴力袭击,而后文“忍受住警察的狗,和用高压水龙头对准他们所带来的侵害”都是对暴力袭击的解释,而assault译为“侵犯他人身体的”。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“That’s where King first heard it. At the end of meetings, everyone would rise, join hands, and sing the song. ”(那是King第一次听到它的地方。在会议结束时,每个人都站起来,手拉着手,唱这首歌。)和第五段“King ended his famous “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington by quoting a line from it: Free at last, free at last! ”(King在“华盛顿大游行”上结束了他著名的演讲“我有一个梦想”,他引用了演讲中的一句话:终于自由了,终于自由了!)可知,“We Shall Overcome” 和 “Free at Last”这两首歌的共同之处在于都影响了Dr. Martin Luther King Jr。故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Some people described the civil rights era, in the 1950s and 1960s as “the greatest singing movement in American history”. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. called music “the soul of the movement”.”可知民权运动时期被认为是美国历史上最伟大的歌曲运动时期,恰当的表示了音乐在民权运动时期的巨大影响。Dr. Martin Luther King认为它是民权运动的灵魂所在,与C项“美国民权运动的音乐灵魂”相呼应,最适合作文章标题。故选C项。
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