Question

    Children with long-term health conditions, such as asthma (哮喘), may be at greater risk of developing a mental health disorder in early adolescence compared to healthy children, according to a new study.

The findings, published in the journal Development and Psychopathology, show that kids with chronic illness exhibit higher rates of mental problems at age 10, and these health issues continue to be associated with poor mental health at ages 13 and 15.

In the study, the research team reviewed a sample of approximately 7,000 children to investigate the occurrence of mental health disorders, including anxiety or depression, and chronic illness. They found that children with chronic health conditions were approximately twice as likely at 10 and at 13 to present with a mental health disorder than healthy children. At age 15, children with chronic health problems were 60% more likely to present with such disorders.

“Although the link between chronic health conditions and mental health problems in childhood has been made before, this study provides the strongest evidence of it to data in the years of late childhood and early adolescence," said study author Dr. Ann Marie Brady. “The difference chronic illness makes to mental health is concerning, and the first impact can be seen even before adolescence, in late childhood."

The researchers also found that bullying and health-related absence from school were two most significant additional factors for children with mental health issues. The second one was identified as the most consistent factor predicting mental health problems over time.

“If children with chronic illness are more likely to miss school, or experience bullying, that can make the situation worse. Keeping an eye on school attendance and looking out for evidence of bullying amongst those children may help to find out who are most at risk.", said Dr. Brady.

1.The underlined term “chronic illness" in Paragraph 2 refers to a kind of disease_________

A.causing a lot of deaths B.causing absent-mindedness

C.lasting for a long time D.leading to mental disorders

2.By the findings of this study, we know that_________

A.chronic illness leads to the mental health disorder in early adolescence

B.healthy young adolescents have no chance of having mental problems

C.adolescents with illness are more likely to develop mental health disorders

D.chronic illness has some relation to mental problems in early adolescence

3.What is special about this study?

A.It makes a new discovery based on the findings of previous studies

B.It draws a more accurate conclusion based on the previous studies

C.It questions the accuracy of the findings by the previous studies

D.It draws more attention to adolescents' health than previous studies

4.Which of the following can best help to decide if children with chronic illness tend to have mental problems?

A.Their school attendance. B.Their physical conditions.

C.Their tolerance of bullying. D.Their tendency for bullying.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.B

4.A

【解析】

本文是说明文。一项新的研究发现，与健康的儿童相比，有长期健康状况的儿童在青春期早期可能患精神疾病的风险更大。

1.

词句猜测题。文章第一段提到“Children with long-term health conditions（有长期健康问题的孩子）”，划线词后的句子“…exhibit higher rates of mental problems at age 10, and these health issues continue to be associated with poor mental health at ages 13 and 15.(患有这种疾病的孩子在10岁时出现精神问题的几率更高，而这些健康问题在13岁和15岁时仍然与精神健康不佳有关。)”可知，这些健康问题持续的时间可能会从10岁到13——15岁，持续的时间比较长。因此可以推测，“chronic illness”是指持续时间比较长的慢性疾病。故选C项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第四段中Dr. Ann Marie Brady所说的话“Although the link between chronic health conditions and mental health problems in childhood has been made before, this study provides the strongest evidence of it to data in the years of late childhood and early adolescence（虽然以前就有人提出过儿童时期的慢性健康状况和心理健康问题之间的联系，但这项研究为儿童晚期和青春期早期的数据提供了最有力的证据。）”可知，通过这项研究，可以得知慢性疾病与儿童晚期和青少年早期的心理问题有关。文章中“the link between… and…”与选项D中“has some relation to…”语义相符。总选D项。

3.

推理判断题。文章第四段中提到“Although the link between chronic health conditions and mental health problems in childhood has been made before, this study provides the strongest evidence of it …（虽然以前就有人提出过儿童时期的慢性健康状况和心理健康问题之间的联系，但这项研究提供了最有力的证据。）”，第五段中提到“The researchers also found that bullying and health-related absence from school were two most significant additional factors for children with mental health issues.（研究人员还发现，欺凌和与健康相关的缺课是有心理健康问题的儿童的两个最重要的附加因素。）”。根据其中的“this study provides the strongest evidence…”和“The researchers also found that …”可以推断，这项研究在之前的研究基础上得出了更有力的证据，从而得出了更准确的结论。故选B项。

4.

细节理解题。根据第五段中“The researchers also found that bullying and health-related absence from school were two most significant additional factors for children with mental health issues. The second one was identified as the most consistent factor predicting mental health problems over time. （ 研究人员还发现，欺凌和与健康相关的缺课是有心理健康问题的儿童的两个最重要的附加因素。第二个因素被认为是预测精神健康问题的最一致的因素。）可知，关注孩子由于健康问题而不能上学的情况能够最好地帮助判断预测儿童是否会有精神问题。故选A项。