Stephen Hawking was regarded as one of the most brilliant physicists in history. His work on the origins and structure of the universe, from the Big Bang to black holes, changed the field greatly. His best-selling books also appealed to a number of readers.
Stephen Hawking had a challenging life. He was born in England on Jan.8, 1942-300years to the day after the death of the astronomer Galileo Galilei. He attended University College, Oxford, where he studied physics, despite his father’s urging to focus on medicine. Hawking went on to Cambridge to research cosmology.
In early 1963, just before his 21st birthday, Hawking suffered from a serious disease more commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease. He was not expected to live more than two years. Completing his doctor’s degree did not appear likely. Yet, Hawking had overcome the great difficulties, not only attaining his Ph. D. but also building new roads into the understanding of the universe in the decades since.
Hawking continued at Cambridge after his graduation, serving as a research fellow and later as a professional fellow. In 1974, he was inducted（正式就职）into the Royal Society, a worldwide fellowship of scientists. In 1979, he was appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, the most famous academic chair in the world.
As the disease spread，Hawking became less mobile and began using a wheelchair. Talking grew more challenging and, in 1985, an emergency tracheotomy（气管切开术）caused his total loss of speech. A speech-generating device was constructed at Cambridge, combined with a software program, serving as his electronic voice and allowing Hawking to select his words by moving the muscles in his cheek. Hawking died on March 14, 2018.
1.What greatly influenced the field Stephen Hawking studied？
A.Stephen Hawking’s best-selling books.
B.His research on the Big Bang and black holes.
C.Stephen Hawking’s talent.
D.The origins and structure of the universe.
2.What does the underlined word “cosmology” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.A research on time. B.A subject of medicine.
C.A study about universe. D.A project in Cambridge.
3.What happened to Stephen Hawking in early 1963?
A.He became world famous. B.He achieved his doctor’s degree.
C.He was badly affected by a serious disease D.He built new roads into the understanding of the universe.
4.How did Stephen Hawking express himself finally?
A.By using a speech-generating device. B.With the help of an operation.
C.By using body language. D.With the help of some people.
Where can you volunteer your time? Check out these 4 activities for excellent volunteer opportunities that require no previous experience.
Animal Rescue Shelters
Local animal shelters always need volunteers. Brush up your office skills by answering emails or phone calls, and providing general administrative assistance. Try making some connections among the staff or offering your dog walking services to the pet owners. It makes for a great part-time job, and plus, may turn into a full-time one.
Habitat for Humanity
Habitat for Humanity offers locally targeted volunteer opportunities. If you are interested in developing experience in home repair and building maintenance, check out its A Brush With Kindness campaign or the Women Build program, designed specifically to help women learn construction skills. Your experience can contribute directly to team-building and leadership ability.
Local Libraries
As a teenager, I volunteered at my local library for a few hours a week for a school project. I liked it so much that I ended up volunteering every week and developed a life-long love of books. Libraries badly need help to organize shelves and assist readers, and you may sometimes help set up and run public events, such as author signings and book fairs.
Art Museums
If you love art, working in a museum can be an invaluable experience. You can surround yourself with timeless works of art, soak up knowledge, and acquire administrative skills meanwhile. Get involved in the community by volunteering for family programs and children’s activities at your local museum.
1.What is an extra advantage when you volunteer in animal shelters?
A.Owning your favorite pet free. B.Becoming a full-time dog walker.
C.Helping to build up your knowledge base. D.Contribute to your own leadership ability.
2.Where can you learn skills of bettering your home?
A.At Habitat for Humanity. B.At a local animal shelter.
C.At a local library. D.At an art museum.
3.What is badly needed for local libraries?
A.Helping design posters. B.Helping with public events.
C.Organizing large book fairs. D.Organizing books on the shelves.
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom近日发来邮件询问你校上周举行的“环保周”活动情况，请你给他回复邮件。
内容包括：
1.活动内容；
2.活动效果；
注意：
1.字数100字左右；
2.开头结尾已给出，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
环保周Environmental Protection Week
Dear Tom，
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My mother and I were riding a bus in a Saturday morning near my school. I told her how much her English teacher Miss Smith loved me, saying that I was the teacher’s a favorite student. I didn’t know that Miss Smith’s mother is riding behind us. She heard everything. On Monday, Miss Smith kept me after class. To my shames, she told me that her mother had heard. I thought she would scold me for talk too proudly on the bus. So she didn’t. She said，“The important thing is that you work yourself，not for my approval. If you feel that doing well matter to you，you become your own fan.”
Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the best known architects of the 20th century, has died, aged 102. Born in China, Ieoh Ming Pei moved to the United States in 1935 to study_________at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University.
Pei’s_________around the world include museums, government buildings, hotels, schools and other structures built with stone, steel and glass. One of his best-known and most_________works was built 30 years ago. Pei created a new Louvre’s（卢浮宫）main_________,which handled the enormous number of visitors entering the main Louvre building.
Pei first spent four months_________the museum and French history. He then drew_________for a big 21-meter-tal steel and glass pyramid, with three_________pyramids nearby. It was a very futuristic style of work for the 12th building.
A French newspaper_________Pei’s pyramids as“an annex（附属物）to Disneyland”. An environmental group said they should be_________in a desert. Others__________Pei of ruining one of landmarks. Pei said the Louvre was the most ________job of his career. He__________that he had wanted to create a modern space that would not__________from the traditional part of the museum. He said the glass pyramids were__________on the works of French landscape architect Le Notre. They__________French history. The pyramids__________in the spring of 1989.
Over the years that followed, the structure came to.be__________by most, if not all, of its critics. Pei’s other famous__________include the John F. Kennedy Library in Dorchester, Massachusetts, the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder Colorado, the East Wing of the National Gallery of Art in Washington and the Dallas City Hall in Texas.
__________Pei officially retired in 1990, he continued to__________projects including museums in Luxembourg, Qatar and his ancestral home of Suzhou.
1.A.law B.architecture C.medicine D.art
2.A.stories B.footprints C.designs D.paintings
3.A.controversial B.valuable C.complex D.fantastic
4.A.base B.cover C.entrance D.decoration
5.A.studying B.enjoying C.visiting D.assessing
6.A.views B.plans C.reports D.ideas
7.A.stronger B.heavier C.taller D.smaller
8.A.attributed B.announced C.blamed D.praised
9.A.spotted B.planted C.recognized D.landed
10.A.reminded B.accused C.robbed D.informed
11.A.horrible B.boring C.ordinary D.difficult
12.A.argued B.suggested C.supposed D.demanded
13.A.take down B.take off C.take away D.take over
14.A.fixed B.based C.depended D.modeled
15.A.honored B.changed C.damaged D.hid
16.A.closed B.started C.broke D.opened
17.A.commented B.refused C.loved D.attacked
18.A.theories B.assignments C.buildings D.pictures
19.A.Therefore B.AS C.But D.Although
20.A.work out B.work over C.work off D.work on
Have you ever had someone tell you, “If you eat before bed, you're going to get fat” 1. But is eating late at night, specifically after 8 p.m., really going to make you gain weight?
One theory is that your metabolism(新陈代谢)slows down when you're asleep. With a slower metabolism, fewer calories are being burned. Thus the calories you eat right before bed would not be bumped off as much as they would be while you're awake. Although the science seems pretty sound, recent studies have shown that metabolism changes very little while you are asleep. The heart is still beating, lungs are still working, and the brain is still very active. 2. So while we are asleep, we are still burning calories.
3. Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)are one of your body's main sources of energy. When they go unused, they are stored primarily as fat. However, the time of day that carbohydrates are consumed does not play a role as to how much of it is stored as fat.
Actually, weight gain is based on the amount of calories being consumed overall and the amount of calories used overall. 4. It has little to do with the time when you eat. So how come individuals have higher BMIs when they snack' at night? Although there is a relation between the two, it is simply a result of eating too many calories!
Snacks that individuals tend to eat during the night are usually high in sugar and calories, such as ice cream, candy, potato chips, and soft drinks. The time these snacks are consumed does not matter.5..
A.All of these actions take energy.
B.That is to say, you will not get fat if you eat before bed.
C.Anyone eating anytime after the morning will become fat.
D.Food consumed late at night will more likely be stored away.
E.Without ever questioning it, people quickly assume this to be true.
F.Simply speaking, if you eat more calories than you burn, you will gain weight.
G.There's another theory about eating specifically carbohydrates before bed.
