Question

    Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class. Young people from working class backgrounds are ______by studies with a clear job profile and high income, ______prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university degrees when choosing which studies to ______. This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen ______in a new study. Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have ________higher education, whereas business studies and pharmacy often ______young people with a working class background. This is ______by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study.

“There is a ______between the studies chosen by young Danes and their ______background. Even for the young people who have very good grades in their A-level exams, and who could successfully ______admission to a large variety of studies, the parents’ ______of education and social class play an important role in their choice,” says Education Sociologist Jens Peter Thomsen, who is one of the researchers behind the study.

The study “The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and Working-Class Backgrounds” is ______60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes: Medicine, architecture, sociology, economy, pharmacy and business studies.

The young people bring with them the ______they get from their families. If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional ______, it is an obvious choice to follow the ______path as your parents when you grow up.

“For young people whose parents are university educated, ______such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge are important. They are ______by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student, and where leisure activities are ______to the identity that lies within your studies. These young people have also grown up with ______discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their lives as students,” says Jens Peter Thomsen.

He also added, “Young people who come from a working class background, and have good grades have to ______the full range of opportunities they have. But the effort to reach this goal must start early”.

1.A.monitored B.motivated C.motioned D.multiplied

2.A.while B.although C.when D.if

3.A.pursue B.engage C.involve D.conduct

4.A.calculate B.suspect C.conclude D.achieve

5.A.required B.confirmed C.refused D.completed

6.A.subscribes to B.caters to C.sticks to D.appeals to

7.A.inquired B.proved C.extended D.acquired

8.A.connection B.comparison C.difference D.contradiction

9.A.educational B.political C.social D.professional

10.A.balance B.develop C.identify D.seek

11.A.situation B.judgment C.level D.preference

12.A.connected with B.based on C.committed to D.combined with

13.A.resources B.experiences C.finance D.memory

14.A.degree B.identity C.success D.responsibility

15.A.perfect B.usual C.common D.same

16.A.changes B.problems C.factors D.characters

17.A.disturbed B.moved C.puzzled D.attracted

18.A.tied B.accustomed C.transferred D.copied

19.A.practical B.topical C.physical D.medical

20.A.take charge of B.take control of C.take advantage of D.take care of

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.A

4.C

5.D

6.D

7.B

8.A

9.C

10.D

11.C

12.B

13.A

14.B

15.D

16.C

17.D

18.A

19.B

20.C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍哥本哈根大学的一项新的调查结果：虽然丹麦的教育是平等的，但是对于如何选择学业，年轻人还是受到父母的教育水平和社会地位影响。

1.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：来自工薪阶层背景的年轻人，在选择从事哪些学业时，会受到具有明确工作背景和高收入的研究的激励。A. monitored监控；B. motivated激发；C. motioned打手势，向某人点头或摇头示意；D. multiplied成倍增加，繁殖。根据上文的their choice of studies is still influenced by social class(他们的学业选择仍然受到社会阶层的影响)可知，此处进一步解释，表示来自工人阶级家庭的学生受到具有明确工作背景和高收入的研究的激励。motivated意为“激发”，符合语境，故选B。

2.

考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，在选择学习哪个专业的时候，声誉和牢固的地位对有着大学学位的父母的年轻人来说更感兴趣。A. while然而；B. although虽然；C. when当…时候；D. if如果。根据上文的Young people from working class backgrounds(来自工薪阶层背景的年轻人)及下文的young people of parents with university degrees(有着大学学位的父母的年轻人)可知这里是两种家庭背景的孩子作比较，表示转折。故选A。

3.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在选择学习哪个专业的时候，声誉和牢固的地位对有着大学学位的父母的年轻人来说更感兴趣。A. pursue追求，继续；进行；B. engage从事，使从事（某种事业等），吸引或引起；C. involve涉及；D. conduct实施，指挥。根据上文when choosing which studies to(在选择哪个学业的时候)可知此处选择pursue(追求)符合语境。故选A。

4.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是哥本哈根大学的研究人员在一项新的研究中得出的结论。A. calculate计算；B. suspect怀疑；C. conclude总结；D. achieve达到。根据空前的This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen(这是哥本哈根大学的研究人员)及下文in a new study(在一项新的研究中)可知此处表示“研究人员得出结论”，conclude意为“总结”，符合语境，故选C。

5.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择医学，建筑，经济，社会学的孩子的父母是完成的高等教育的。A. required要求；B. confirmed证实；C. refused拒绝；D. completed完成。根据下文的whereas business studies and pharmacy often ___6___ young people with a working class background(然而商业的学习经常吸引来自工人阶级的家庭的学生。)可知此处表示选择医学，建筑，经济，社会学的孩子的父母是“完成了”高等教育的。completed意为“完成”，符合语境，故选D。

6.

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而商业的学习经常吸引来自工人阶级的家庭的学生。A. subscribes to同意，订阅；B. caters to喜欢；C. sticks to坚持；D. appeals to吸引。根据上文Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have ____5____higher education, whereas(选择医学，建筑，经济，社会学的孩子的父母是完成的高等教育的。然而)可知此句表示与上文相反，即商业的学习经常“吸引”来自工人阶级的家庭的学生。appeals to意为“吸引”，符合语境，故选D。

7.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这被Copenhagen和Aalborg大学的研究团队在一项新的研究中证实了。A. inquired询问；B. proved证明；C. extended延伸；D. acquired获得。根据下文by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study(这被Copenhagen和Aalborg大学的研究团队在一项新的研究中)可知此处表达的是被该项研究所证实（prove），故选B。

8.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在年轻的丹麦人中选择的学业和社会背景之间有着联系。A. connection联系；B. comparison对比；C. difference不同；D. contradiction矛盾，否认，反驳。根据下文the parents’ ___11___of education and social class play an important role in their choice(父母的教育水平和社会地位在他们的选择中起着重要的作用。)可知此处表达年轻的丹麦人中选择的学业和社会背景之间有着“联系（connection）”，故选A。

9.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在年轻的丹麦人中选择的学业和社会背景之间有着联系。A. educational教育的；B. political政治的；C. social社会的；D. professional专业的。根据第一段的Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.(尽管丹麦学生有平等的受教育机会，但他们的学业选择仍然受到社会阶层的影响。)可知此处用social background表示“社会背景”。故选C。

10.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至对一些在A水平测试中获得很好的成绩的学生，他们可以成功地获得各种学业的录取。A. balance平衡；B. develop发展；C. identify识别；D. seek寻求。和上文who have very good grades in their A-level exams(在A水平测试中获得很好的成绩)相呼应，successfully seek admission to a large variety of studies意为“成功地获得各种学业的录取”，seek符合语境，故选D。

11.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母的教育水平和社会地位在他们的选择中起着重要的作用。A. situation形势；B. judgment判断；C. level水平；D. preference偏爱。level of education意为“教育水平”，和空后的social class(社会地位)并列，level符合语境，故选C。

12.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究是以对60个丹麦学生做的采访得出的。A. connected with和…有联系；B. based on基于；C. committed to承诺；D. combined with和…结合。根据空前的The study…is及空后的60 interviews with Danish students(对60个丹麦学生做的采访)可知这项研究是基于这些采访的，be based on意为“基于”，符合语境，故选B。

13.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年轻人具备他们家庭的资源。A. resources资源；B. experiences经历；C. finance财政；D. memory记忆。根据下文If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional ___14___, it is an obvious choice to follow the ___15___path as your parents when you grow up.(当你出生在一个父母有着牢固的专业身份的家庭，当你长大的时候，选择和父母相同的道路是很明显的选择。)可知此处表示年轻人具备他们家庭的“资源（resources）”，故选A。

14.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在这样一个家庭中长大，父母都是医生或建筑师，有很强的职业身份。A. degree学位；B. identity身份；C. success成功；D. responsibility责任。根据上文who are doctors or architects with a strong professional(医生或建筑师，有很强的职业的)及常识可知，医生或建筑师这样的职业身份，identity意为“身份”，符合语境，故选B。

15.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你长大的时候，选择和父母相同的道路是很明显的选择。A. perfect完美的；B. usual不寻常的；C. common普通的，常见的；D. same同样的。the same as意为“与…一样”，是固定搭配，此处用follow the same path as your parents表示“选择和父母相同的道路”，故选D。

16.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于父母受过大学教育的年轻人来说，名声和掌握专业知识的因素是很重要的。A. changes改变；B. problems问题；C. factors因素；D. characters性格。根据空后的such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge(比如名声和掌握专业知识)可知空后列举的是因素（factors），故选C。

17.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被你是个聪明的学生的教育文化吸引。A. disturbed打扰；B. moved感动；C. puzzled困惑；D. attracted吸引。根据空后的by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student(被你是个聪明的学生的教育文化)可知此处表示被其所吸引，be attracted by意为“被……所吸引”，符合语境，故选D。

18.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：休闲活动与你学习中的身份联系在一起。A. tied拴住，系紧；B. accustomed习惯；C. transferred转移；D. copied复制。根据空前的leisure activities are(休闲活动)及空后的the identity that lies within your studies(你学习中的身份)可知此处表示两者是联系在一起的，be tied to“和…联系在一起”，符合语境，故选A。

19.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们随着在餐桌上谈论的有关时事的话题一起成长。A. practical实用的；B. topical关时事的，时下关注的；C. physical 身体的，物理的；D. medical医学的。根据上文For young people whose parents are university educated(对于父母受过大学教育的年轻人来说)及根据空后的which also prepare them for their lives as students(这也为他们的学生生活做好了准备。)可知受过高等教育的父母会在餐桌上谈论“有关时事的（topical）”话题，故选B。

20.

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：学习好的来自工人阶层学生不得不利用他们各种机会。A. take charge of负责；B. take control of控制；C. take advantage of利用；D. take care of照顾。根据空后的the full range of opportunities(各种机会)可知此处表示“利用”各种机会，take advantage of opportunities意为“利用机会”。故选C。