Question

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

The expression,“ everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks“ how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to“ keep up with the Joneses”.

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.

Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

What is Peer Pressure

Concept of peer pressure	Peer pressure refer to the strong1.that you must do thing the way other people of your ager do.
It works in nearly everyone of us, and 2.us in one way or another, good or bad.
A3.function of peer pressure to society	Being social creature, people expect the approval from their fellow members
People around will affect how one lives4..
Peer pressure helps society function efficiently.
Influences of peer pressure on 5.	The desire to be socially accepted by one’s peers is like a drug.
Negative influences include lack of 6.sense, criminal offences and over—consumption.
Positive influences are good grades , team 7.,and the building–up of good 8..ect.
To avoid the danger of negative peer pressure, kids should learn to be 9.when necessary, and say 10.to anything that is wrong or illegal.

Answer

1.feeling

2.influences

3.practical

4.unconsciously

5.individuals

6.moral

7.spirit

8.habits

9.independent

10.no

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是Peer Pressure（同辈压力），以及Peer Pressure带来的积极影响和消极影响。

1.

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意为“同辈压力是一种强烈的______，让你必须以同龄人的方式做事”。结合第一段 It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.可知，这是一个群体，尤其是儿童，对该群体成员的强烈影响，使其表现得像其他人一样。它可以是积极的，也可以是消极的。大多数人在一生中都会以某种方式经历它。所以同辈压力会让人感觉到压力，所以它应该是一种感觉。故填feeling。

2.

考查原词重现。根据第一段关键句“It is a strong influence of a group”可知，同辈压力是一种群体的强大的影响力。所以空格处and _____ us in one way or another应为它在以某种方式影响我们，但要注意这里填的influence为动词，主语为it，所以应用第三人称单数形式。故填influences。

3.

考查原词重现。空格所在句句意为“同辈压力对社会的______作用”。根据第二段关键句“There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently.”可知，同辈压力有一个实际的方面：它有助于社会高效运转。可推断出同辈压力对社会有实际作用。故填practical。

4.

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意为“周围的人会_____影响一个人的生活方式”。根据第二段关键句“This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval.”可知，人类的自尊来自别人对自己的看法，这是一种天性，所以周围的人对一个人的生活方式的影响是不知不觉地。故填unconsciously。

5.

考查原词重现。空格所在句句意为“同辈压力对的______影响”。这句话对应的表格内容出现在文章第三段，根据第三段关键句“For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction”可知，这段主要讲的是同辈压力对个人的影响。故填individuals。

6.

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意为“消极影响包括缺少_____，犯罪和过度消费”。根据第三段关键句“in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong.”可知，同辈压力会迫使个人抛弃是非观，也就是缺少道德感。故填moral。

7.

考查理解概括。根据第四段关键句“Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win.”可知，如果你是运动队里的运动员，同辈压力会促使你为了队伍的胜利，努力比赛，也就是让你具有团队精神。故填spirit。

8.

考查原词重现。根据第四段关键句“This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.”可知，同辈压力会促使你养成一个好习惯或改掉一个坏习惯。这里要注意空格前无冠词且空格处只能填一个词，所以要用名词复数形式。故填habits。

9.

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意为“为了避免消极的同辈压力的危险，孩子们应该学会_____当必要的时候”。根据最后一段关键句“They teach kids to stand up and be themselves”可知，学校应该教孩子们做自己，也就是要有独立的判断力。故填independent。

10.

考查理解概括。空格所在句句意为“对任何错误的或违法的事情说_____”。根据最后一段关键句“and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong.”可知，要鼓励孩子们拒绝做那些他们认为违法的事情，也就是对错误的事情说“不”。故填no。