根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。
1.The teacher showed great ____________ to jump into the river to save the poor boy. (勇气)
2.In the northern part of China, the lake is as ________________ as glass in winter because it isturned into ice. (光滑的)
3.When you try to get a good job, you will be at a big _____________ if you don’t go to a gooduniversity.（劣势）
4.China took action to search for the missing plane---MH370 __________ after getting the news. (立即)
Saying no starts small
“All right then — just one more piece...” Words every girl has said when they are faced with the delicious cheesecake. Of course, many of us know we may eat the whole thing in the end.
It isn’t just girls. Most of us find it hard to say “no” to something attractive. However, scientists now say that willpower is very important to success and a happy life.
Scientists in different countries have been studying the effects of willpower on people’s lives for a long time. The results are similar, according to an article on February 7 in the Guardian, a famous British newspaper.
In one experiment, scientists told young children that they could either have a marshmallow (圆形软糖) now, or two marshmallows in 15 minutes. Waiting obviously needed more willpower. Scientists then continued studying the children as they grew up. They wanted to see if some children always had stronger willpower. They also wanted to see how having stronger willpower affected their lives.
Years later, scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all healthier, happier and richer adults. Oppositely, the children who had shown weaker willpower at that young age were more likely to be in low-paid jobs, to be overweight, to have social problems.
But there is hope, Roy F Baumeister, an American social psychology(心理学) professor (教授) told the Guardian. Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles（肌肉）. Even a little practice can strengthen（加强） our overall self-control if we do it regularly.
You could start by making yourself stand up straight, speaking in complete sentences, or using a computer mouse with the other hand. Scientists have found that people who manage to change little habits often perform much better in laboratory willpower tests.
Like muscles, willpower can “get tired”. Don’t try to do too many things at the same time, or when you don’t have enough energy, for example when you are ill. If you already feel tired, you can try to recharge(恢复) your willpower with a good night’s sleep and by eating well.
1.The example of a girl eating cheesecake is used to
A. prove that girls have weak willpower
B. introduce the topic of willpower to the readers
C. show that cheesecake is especially attractive to girls
D. show the connection between willpower and success
2.What can we infer from the experiment?
A. The scientists had already known the results before the experiment.
B. It showed that willpower is the most important to success and a happy life.
C. The children who chose to wait were more likely to be successful in their lives.
D. The children who chose only one marshmallow at first had stronger willpower.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the training of willpower?
A. You should have a goal every day.
B. Good rest and proper diet can help.
C. Willpower needs to be exercised regularly.
D. Keep willpower from being used too much.
4.What is the article mainly about?
A. How willpower and muscles are similar and how they can be trained.
B. How willpower affects people’s lives and how it is similar to muscles.
C. How willpower is important to success and how we can make it stronger.
D. How willpower is connected with success and how they affect each other
An atlas is a book of maps. Atlases are made with different kinds of information about different parts and areas of a country or the world. They are prepared for desk use or travel use.
Desk atlases are made for different groups of people with different needs. For example, students may use desk atlases to help learn geography, and other people may use desk atlases to study a place. A popular type of the latest atlas shows the recent fact of the world. New atlases are often carefully produced to help people learn about the changes, such as the name changes, boundary(边界) changes and other important new information. A desk atlas can also have some different maps of the same place. For example, an atlas may include maps showing population and important products of a place.
Travel atlases usually show the information about both natural and man-made features.So it is not surprising to find universities,airports,forests,rivers,roads as well as cities,towns and villages in them.A travel atlas is often the first thing people need when they want yo start a trip in a strange place.It often has a map of a whole country,and a map with more special information of each important place in the country.Take the atlas of the United States as an example,it often has a map of the whole country and then a map of each of the fifty states.
A travel atlas may also point out the beautiful natural places. In the US, the atlas may include national parks such as the Yellow Stone Park and some others to show the beauty of nature and interesting places to tourists.
1.An atlas is according to the passage.
A. a guide book B. a history book
C. a collection of pictures D. a collection of maps
2.From the passage we know people need newly produced atlases because .
A. they can’t see the old ones clearly
B. they like to buy different ones
C. something has changed
D. something is missing
3.According to the passage, people can find the information about in a travel atlas of Shaanxi.
A. the population of Shaanxi B. the local products of Shaanxi
C. the Yellow Stone National Park D. Xi’an Jiaotong University
The Beijing Underground’s Line Ten will soon have 40 “reverse vending machines（有偿自动回收机）”,which will pay people for their empty plastic bottles.
“We have placed two such machines at Beijing Capital International Airport and four at the city’s underground stations. They have been well received so far,” said Feng Juan, an engineer from the company which makes the machines. “People are encouraged and paid for turning waste into treasure. More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected since December,” she said.
If something else, such as waste paper, is thrown into the machine, the machine will spit(吐) it out.
“Supported by the government, the reverse vending machines will be introduced to colleges and universities soon,” Feng said.
The company is also considering covering more recycling materials, including used books and teaching materials.
“Long-term plans call for about 2,000 reverse vending machines to be place throughout the city in the next few years, including 80 at colleges and universities, shopping malls, communities and office buildings,” Feng said.
Chang Tao, director of the company, said that if the new project works well in the city, the company will consider offering the waste-to-treasure service to other developed cities in the eastern part of China.
1.Which sign probably represents the meaning of the underlined word “recycling”?
2.Which of the following is an opinion rather than a fact?
A. More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected.
B. Feng Juan and Chang Tao work in the same company.
C. The machines might help people develop a recycling habit.
D. People are paid for putting empty plastic bottles into the machines.
3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Machines help turn waste into treasure.
B. A new machine has become popular
C. A creative project works well in China.
D. People are encouraged to collect bottles
“Why does the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side!”
That’s an old joke in the west, but it came to my mind again when I saw people crossing the road at the intersection of Shaanxi Road and Huaihai Road in Shanghai.
When the traffic light was red, a group of people were waiting for the light to change. Suddenly one man began rushing to the other side of the road. Soon others followed him at the crossing and more people did the same. Just like chickens, they didn’t mind the honking horns(喇叭声) and kept crossing the road in a mess.
Every year several thousand people are either killed or hurt on the roads in Shanghai. And at least one third of them were jaywalking(乱穿马路). Jaywalking is very common in Shanghai. It seems that jaywalkers are not afraid of the danger to themselves.
Traffic laws are to keep people safe. So we should obey them, and have good road-crossing habits. When someone starts to jaywalk, we should stop him, and never follow him. That way we can avoid the traffic accidents.
1.The underlined word “intersection” here probably means “ ”.
A. road B. bridge
C. crossing D. traffic
2.The writer saw people in Shanghai that day.
A. crossing the road in a mess
B. waiting for the green light patiently
C. crossing the road with chickens
D. hurting each other in the street
3.How does the writer like what he saw in Shanghai that day?
A. He thinks it’s OK.
B. He thinks it’s wrong.
C. He has no idea of it.
D. He doesn’t mention it
Jenny, from Germany, spent some time traveling in India. While she was there, she stayed with her Indian friend, Leela. However, there was a language barrier(障碍) for her there. It was very for her to communicate in the new environment, which was very different from of her own country.
One day, together with Leela, Jenny went to an orphanage(孤儿院). All the children there were very young. At first, Jenny was not sure if she could have a way to communicate with them. She went over to the children and sat beside them. After some time, one of the children her. She felt a little relaxed and smiled back. Then she went close to the child. She slowly put her arm around the child and started a song in German. The child kept smiling and started repeating the words after her. The words that came from the little mouth were different from those that Jenny sang, but the rhythm(节奏) was the same. Jenny sang a little more and the child followed her again. Wanting to join in the , another child went up to Jenny and started singing the rhythm. Then more children joined. They many smiles together.
From the other side of the hall, Leela was smiling and watching them. Noticing Leela’s on her, Jenny had an exciting feeling from her heart: “See, I don’t have any language barriers here. We speak and communicate!” At that moment, she understood: we’re all simple human, and we have the ability to connect with each other.
1.A. nice B. dangerous C. difficult D. easy
2.A. these B. those C. this D. that
3.A. show B. visit C. build D. improve
4.A. slowly B. early C. hardly D. easily
5.A. looked at B. laughed at C. shouted at D. smiled at
6.A. singing B. writing C. saying D. playing
7.A. club B. talk C. fun D. dance
8.A. forgot B. remembered C. shared D. missed
9.A. hands B. eyes C. influence D. question
10.A. can B. must C. need D. should
