Question

    When you think of the Arctic (北极), you imagine an icy land of pure white snow. Others imagine it as the last really clean place left on earth. We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish. “And now”, CNN says, “It’s the Arctic’s turn.”

German scientists have recently found microplastics in Arctic snow. Microplastics are pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters. Sadly, the scientists found 1800 pieces of microplastics per liter of (每升) snow.

How is plastic pollution reaching the Arctic? According to scientists, “It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air.” They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust. They mix with ice in the air and fall to the ground as snow. Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in.

Are they bad for us? Scientists cannot answer this question for now, according to the WHO. We do know that our bodies cannot take in “large” pieces of microplastics. However, if the plastics are small enough, they can find ways into our bodies and stay there for a long time, which can be bad for our health. What’s more, earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk.

Microplastics have also been found in rivers and oceans around the world. Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way. They start in our wastewater, then flow into rivers and out to the sea, where they are eaten by sea animals. If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well.

1.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that________.

A.the Arctic is the last really clean place left on earth

B.the Arctic is an icy land of pure white snow

C.the Arctic is a beautiful icy land with clean air

D. the Arctic has been polluted by plastic rubbish

2.The underlined word “contribute” means “_______” in Chinese.

A.增加 B.捐献 C.造成 D.是……原因之一

3.Where do most of the microplastics in the snow come from?

A.From water. B.From air. C.From wind. D.From food.

4.Which of the following isn’t true?

A.We may breathe microplastics in Arctic.

B.Microplastics may cause lung cancer.

C.We don’t have to mind microplastics right now.

D. Microplastics have hurt ecosystems.

5.How does the writer end this passage?

A.By advising us to drink clean water.

B.By asking people not to eat sea animals.

C.By telling the seriousness of plastic pollution.

D.By showing the beauty of Arctic.

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.B

4.C

5.C

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如今出现了一种污染——微塑料。本文详细介绍了什么是微塑料以及它对人类和环境的危害。

1.

细节理解题。根据“We have polluted the deepest oceans with plastic rubbish”，可知北极已经被塑料垃圾所污染，故选D。

2.

词义猜测题。划线词所在句句意为“早期研究已表明微塑料可能________肺癌风险”。结合备选项与常识可知，“风险”应该与增加或减少等词搭配，故选A。

3.

细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that most of the microplastics in the snow come from the air”，可知雪中的微塑料来自于空气中，故选B。

4.

细节理解题。根据“Finding these plastics in Arctic snow means that we may breathe them in”，可知我们可能会在北极呼吸到微塑料，A选项表述正确；根据“earlier studies have shown that microplastics may contribute to lung cancer risk”，可知微塑料可能会增加肺癌风险，B选项表述正确；根据“Earlier research has found that they flow over long distances and into our oceans, hurting ecosystems along the way”，可知微塑料也伤害了生态系统，D选项表述正确；根据文章内容，可知微塑料已经危及到我们的身体健康、危害到生态系统，我们应该要重视，而不是不在意，C选项表述错误，故选C。

5.

细节理解题。根据“If people then eat these animals, it means that we’re eating the plastic as well”，可知结尾作者是在强调塑料污染的严重性，故选C。