Everything that humans hear is in the form of waves(波). Just as the eye sees light waves in the form of colors, the ear hears sound waves in the form of noises. The ear and the eye turn these different waves into signals that the brain(大脑) can make sense of.
The ears and brain have an amazing ability to recognize(识别) particular sounds. For example, a mother often can tell when her baby is crying even if there are other crying babies in the same room. This is because the sound of her baby’s cry has special meaning to her and the brain has recorded its importance.
The ability to recognize sounds improves with experiences. As the brain receives information about sounds from day to day, it stores the information in its memory. When the brain hears new sounds, it gives meaning to them based on the information already in the memory. This is why certain words or songs can make a person happy. Often it is not the words or songs themselves that cause this feeling. The sounds are connected to happy memories for that person.
Another hearing process controlled by the brain is to decide where a sound is coming from. One ear is usually closer to the source(来源) of a sound than the other ear is. Sound waves are stronger when they reach the ear that is closer. They also reach the closer ear first. The brain recognizes these differences and uses them to decide the location of the source of the sound.
1.Which of the following shows the normal hearing process of a mother hearing her baby crying?
a. The ears receive the sound waves.
b. The mother recognizes her baby’s cry.
c. The baby’s turn the sound waves into signals.
d. The baby’s cry travels in the form of sound waves.
e. The brain connects the signals to the information in the memory.
A.d-a-c-b-e B.d-a-c-e-b
C.a-d-c-b-e D.a-d-c-e-b
2.Certain words or songs can change a person’s moods mainly because of his _____.
A.lifestyle B.personality
C.experiences D.hobbies
3.Why does a person feel happy when they hear some songs?
A.Because certain words or songs can make a person happy.
B.Because a person has the ability to recognize the sounds
C.Because the certain sounds are connected to happy memories for that person.
D.Because the person feel the song is special
4.According to the last paragraph, it will be the most difficult for a person who has lost the hearing in one ear to tell ______.
A.where the source of a sound is
B.how loud a sound is
C.when a sound starts to appear
D.what makes a sound
5.What is the best title for this passage ?
A.Human Brain’s Amazing Facts
B.Human Hearing Characteristics
C.How To Improve Hearing
D.How Do Humans Hear
If you are driving out of Montpellier, a city in France, please look out for the signboard(路标) with the words “Millau Viaduct(米洛高架桥)”. Turn towards it and get ready to take the drive of a lifetime.
The Millau Viaduct is the world’s tallest bridge. It is 343 meters high and about 2.5 kilometers long. The bridge is between Paris and Montpellier, and it was built in 2004 at the cost of $530 million. And why was it built?
For years, the French government thought over the problem of traffic congestion for people travelling from Paris to the south of France. Many ideas were suggested, but one idea was finally accepted. Instead of choosing to build a highway that went
through the hilly(多山) south of France, they decided to build a bridge over the Tarn River. This bridge would not just be like any other bridge. It would start at the top of one hill and connect to another hill on the other side of the river. This bridge would shorten the highway by 60 kilometers. It would save people’s time and money. _____________________
Engineers had to find out a way to build the bridge quickly, over 300 meters up in the air and about 2.52kilometers long across the river. It was very hard, but finally engineers succeeded in finding a quickest way to build it. It is very convenient for people to travel and it has been consistently(一致地)ranked as one of the great engineering achievements of all time.
1.The Millau Viaduct is in_________.
A.America B.France C.Canada D.England
2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A.Why the Millau Viaduct was built.
B.When people built the Millau Viaduct.
C.The details of the Millau Viaduct.
D.The designer of the Millau Viaduct.
3.What does the underlined word “congestion” mean?
A.The state of being crowded. B.The risk of accidents.
C.The situation of traffic. D.The traffic rules.
4.Which of the following sentences can be put in “__________________”?
A.What’s more, it is an easy job to build it.
B.But it is impossible to complete this project.
C.In less than one year, this bridge was completed.
D.However, it presented a very big challenge to engineers.
5.Where does this passage most probably come from?
A.A storybook. B.A science fiction book. C.A dictionary D.A geography magazine.
So you thought the hamburger was the world’s most popular fast food? After all, McDonald’s Golden Arches span the globe. But no, there is another truly universal fast food, the ultimate fast food. It’s easy to make, easy to serve, much more varied than the hamburger, can be eaten with the hands, and it’s delivered to your front door or served in fancy restaurants. It’s been one of America’s favorite foods for over 50 years. It is, of course, the pizza.
It’s kind of silly to talk about the moment when pizza was “invented”. It changed over the years, but one thing’s for certain—it’s been around for a very long time. The idea of using pieces of flat, round bread as plates came from the Greeks. They called them ‘plakuntos’ and ate them with various simple toppings such as oil, garlic, onions, and herbs. The Romans enjoyed eating something similar and called it ‘picea’. By about 1000 AD in the city of Naples, ‘picea’ had become ‘pizza’ and people were experimenting with more toppings: cheese, ham, anchovies, and finally the tomato, brought to Italy from Mexico and Peru in the sixteenth century. Naples became the pizza capital of the world. In 1889, King UmbertoⅠ and Queen Margherita heard about pizza and asked to try it. They invited pizza maker, Raffele Esposito, to make it for them. He decided to make the pizza like the Italian flag, so he used red tomatoes, white mozzarella cheese, and green basil leaves. The Queen loved it and the new pizza was named ‘Pizza Margherita’ in her honour.
Pizza migrated to America with the Italians at the end of the nineteenth century. The first pizzeria in the United States was opened in 1905 at 53 Spring Street, New York City, by Gennaro Lombardi. But the popularity of pizza really exploded when American soldiers returned from Italy after World War Ⅱ and raved about ‘that great Italian dish’. Americans are now the greatest producers and consumers of pizza in the world.
1.Which is the correct order of the change of pizza?
A.Plakuntos→pizza→picea B.Pizza→plakuntos→picea
C.Picea→Plakuntos→pizza D.Plakuntos →picea→pizza
2.Why are Mexico and Peru important in the development of pizza?
A.Because pizza first became popular in these countries.
B.Because pizza was invented in these countries.
C.Because one topping was brought to Italy from these countries.
D.Because the people in these countries are the greatest consumers of pizza.
3.What do the Italian flag and a Pizza Margherita have in common?
A.There is a picture of a Pizza Margherita on the flag.
B.They have the same colours.
C.Both of them represent Italy.
D.They are both popular in Italy.
4.When did pizza become really popular in the United States?
A.After 1945. B.In 1889. C.In 1905. D.By1000AD
5.What is the best title for the passage?
A.McDonald’s and Pizza. B.Global Pizza.
C.Pizza in the United States. D.How to Make Pizza.
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
Set your imagination free. Children’s imagination is amazing. They can always create things that surprise everyone. To _______ children’s imagination, New York City will hold an activity called the Inventgenuity Festival for children.
The Inventgenuity Festival is all about thinking and _______things. It is held for children aged from seven to sixteen. Parents are also able to _______the festival. There will be many different kinds of workshops in the festival. Children are_______to create things in those workshops. For example, they can make things _______ funny hand-made T-shirts or cartoon toy dolls. No one will tell them _______to make these things. They create everything with their imagination. Besides making things, children can see a wonderful movie called A trip to the Sun in a_______during the festival.
In the festival, children are asked to do most of the work by themselves ._______, if the work is too difficult for them, they can ask their children for_______.To take part in the festival, children need to register first, and then________ the workshops they like on the website. One child can take part in two workshops at a time.
1.A.develop B.use C.catch D.leave
2.A.watching B.finding C.buying D.making
3.A.come over B.take part in C.hear about D.stay away from
4.A.free B.busy C.exhausted D.scared
5.A.by B.like C.except D.for
6.A.where B.when C.why D.how
7.A.theater B.station C.restaurant D.shop
8.A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However
9.A.help B.money C.time D.trouble
10.A.describe B.build C.choose D.close
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从下列各题所给的A、 B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers _______ it's all down to the hormone oxytocin(荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, _______ it differently affects the sexes." Women are often social in_______behavior. They often share with others. But men are often competitive. They are trying _______their social status," said Professor Ryan.
Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates_______it during positive social interactions( 互动 ) such as falling in love or giving birth. But in _______former experiment Professor Ryan has found that the hormone is _______let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy. _______research shows that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.
Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women_______ 20 to 37. Half of them received oxytocin. ________half received placebo(安慰剂). After a week, the two groups received the opposite. They went through the same process with the other material.
Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they________ to examine the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship ________competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.
The results showed that, after treatment with oxytocin, ________ ability to recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.
Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin ________raise people's ability to recognize different social interactions. And the differences between men and women are caused by biological influences________are mainly hormonal."
1.A.have found B.found C.has found D.finds
2.A.but B./ C.however D.so
3.A.theirs B.them C.their D.they
4.A.improve B.improved C.improving D.to improve
5.A.the number of B.a large number of C.a large amount of D.the amount of
6.A.a B.an C.with D./
7.A.as well B.too C.either D.also
8.A.Further B.Farther C.far D.farer
9.A.aging B.age C.ages D.aged
10.A.the other B.other C.another D.the others
11.A.asked B.ask C.has asked D.were asked
12.A.to B.about C.of D.from
13.A.men B.man C.men’s D.man’s
14.A.must B.can C.should D.ought to
15.A.what B.who C.how D.that
假如你是李华，你所在的学校即将开展以“文明礼貌伴我行争做文明中学生”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请完成下面的演讲稿。
内容包括：
1. 列举生活中至少两种不文明现象并写出各自产生的影响；
2. 提出至少三条争做文明中学生的建议；
3. 发出争做文明中学生的号召。
写作要求：
1. 词数80—100词，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 文中不能出现真实的学校名称和姓名；
3. 可以适当发挥。
Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. Nowadays, people care more about our grades. In fact, good behavior is as important as good grades. However,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I believe we'll be better students as long as we behave ourselves.
That's all. Thanks for listening.
