Almost every child is scared of something,from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park.But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly.Kids experience fears and phobias(恐惧症) much more strongly than adults.And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological(心理的).It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything—a kind of childhood anxiety.Dr.Creswell says:“Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.”So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scaredy cat”.Handling the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and,if you have such a baby,you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried.So if they fear dogs,you’ll keep them away from dogs,but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary.What is worse,keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia.Instead,you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear,in a safe and supportive environment.Dr.Andy Field,a researcher of childhood fears,says:“You shouldn’t force,for example,a dog—anxious child to go up to a dog.But you can approach it yourself,show them there is nothing to be afraid of,stroke(抚摸) it,and talk about the dog being friendly.Once your child dares to stroke a dog—one that’s good with children,of course—then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer,and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
1.Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because ______.
A.they will not develop into phobias
B.their influence is psychological
C.they exist widely in the world
D.they will disappear gradually
2.If we fail to help children to overcome fears,they will ______.
A.make the same old mistake
B.overcome them by themselves
C.experience the worst of things
D.grow up lacking self-confidence
3.According to Dr.Andy Field,if a child is afraid of a cat,parents should ______.
A.tell the child not to be afraid of it
B.show the child how to approach it
C.keep the child away from it
D.ask the child to stoke it
How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment?
In the southwest African country of Namibia,and the Sahara lands of Mall further north,the desert elephant does just that.
Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant,the desert cousin differs in many ways.Their bodies are smaller,to absorb less heat,and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces.They are taller,to reach higher branches.They have shorter tusks(象牙),and most importantly,longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.
Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and water-holes,and have a larger group of families.They drink only every 3-4 days,and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat,which is only used when badly needed.Desert elephants are careful feeders—they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches,and thus maintain what little food sources are available.Young elephants may even eat the dung(粪便) of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage.
During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly.Desert elephants have sand baths,sometimes adding their own urine(尿液) to make them muddy!
As we continue to overheat our weak planet,it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert elephant.
1.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means “_______”.
A.remains in the African countries
B.drinks 120 liters of water a day
C.manages to live in desert areas
D.eats 150 kilograms of food daily
2.Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they ______.
A.rarely ruin trees
B.drink only every 3-4 days
C.search for food in large groups
D.protect food sources for their young
3.The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with ______.
A.stories and explanation
B.facts and descriptions
C.examples and conclusion
D.evidence and argument
4.What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage?
A.Overheating the earth can be stopped.
B.Not all animal species are so adaptable.
C.The planet will become hotter and hotter.
D.Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants.
Karen,grown up in a very traditional family in the western United States,maintained high moral(道德的) standards throughout her youth.In 1984,at the age of 23,she married Bill.They were blessed with two children,a boy and a girl.
By 1991 their love had deepened,and they were happy.Later that year,Bill developed a white spot on his tongue.He visited a doctor.
One day shortly after that,Bill called Karen to sit beside him.He said with tears in his eyes that he loved her and wanted to live forever with her.The doctor suspected that he had been infected with HIV,the virus that leads to AIDS.
The family was tested,Bill and Karen’s results were positive.Bill had become infected before he met Karen;then he passed the virus on to Karen.The children’s results were negative.Within three years,Bill was dead.“I don’t know how to express what it is like to watch the once handsome man you love and intend to live with forever dying slowly.I cried many nights.He died three months short of ten years of our marriage,”says Karen.Though a doctor told Karen that she would soon follow her husband into death,she is still alive.The infection has progressed to the early stages of AIDS.
Karen is but one of about 30 million people now living with HIV/AIDS,a figure larger than the combined populations of Australia,Ireland and Paraguay.According to one UN report,Africa has 21 million of these victims.By the turn of the century that number could reach 40 million and the disease will bring on the greatest disaster in human history.Of the world’s sexually active adults aged 15 to 49,1 in 100 has already been infected with HIV.Of these,only 1 in 10 realizes that he or she is infected.In some parts of Africa,25 percent of the adults are infected.
Since the beginning of the spread of AIDS in 1981,about 11.7 million people have died of it.It is roughly calculated that in 1997 alone,about 2.3 million people died of it.Nevertheless,there are fresh reasons for optimism in the battle against AIDS.During the past few years,there has been a drop in new AIDS cases in wealthy nations.In addition,promising drugs hold out hope of better health and longer life.
1.By telling the story of Karen,the author intends to ______.
A.warn people against high risk behaviors
B.stress the importance of medical tests
C.express sympathy for AIDS victims
D.show the consequences of AIDS
2.The underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_______”.
A.were lucky in having
B.were asked to adopt
C.regretted having
D.gave birth to
3.Bill was suspected of being infected with HIV after ______.
A.he got married to Karen
B.the family members were tested
C.Karen persuaded him to see the doctor
D.he found something wrong with his tongue
4.It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A.promising drugs will soon stop AIDS
B.the spread of AIDS could be controlled
C.it is hopeless to win the battle against AIDS
D.the death rate of AIDS patients has been reduced
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many years ago,I owned a service station and roadhouse on the main road between Melbourne and Adelaide.
One very cold,wet night at about 3:30 a.m.,there was a 1on the front door of our house.A young man,wet from 2to toe,explained that he had 3out of petrol about 30 km up the road.He had left his pregnant(怀孕的) wife and his two children 4at the car and said that he would hitchhike(搭便车) back.
Once I had 5a can with petrol,I took him back to his car where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both 6,saying that they were cold.Once the car had started,I suggested that he 7me back.
Before leaving,I had turned the heater 8in the roadhouse,so that when we went in,it was nice and 9.While the little ones played and ran 10,I prepared bread and butter for the children,and hot chocolate for the 11.
It was about 5 a.m. before they 12.The young fellow asked me how much he 13
me and I told him that the petrol pump(加油泵) had 14$15.He offered to pay “call-out fee”,but I wouldn’t accept it.
About a month later,I received a 15from Interstate,a large bus company that we bad been trying to 16to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time.It 17out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager,the most 18person in the company.
In his letter,he thanked me again and 19me that,from then on,all their buses would stop at my service station.In this 20,a little bit of kindness was rewarded with a huge amount of benefits.
1.A.kick B.hit C.beat D.knock
2.A.finger B.shoulder C.head D.hand
3.A.driven B.used C.come D.run
4.A.away B.behind C.over D.out
5.A.supplied B.poured C.equipped D.filled
6.A.sleeping B.crying C.quarrelling D.fighting
7.A.allow B.ring C.lead D.follow
8.A.on B.off C.in D.over
9.A.neat B.hot C.warm D.attractive
10.A.around B.inside C.nearby D.along
11.A.drivers B.guests C.customers D.adults
12.A.left B.arrived C.ate D.disappeared
13.A.gave B.paid C.owed D.offered
14.A.appeared B.exhibited C.calculated D.shown
15.A.call B.letter C.check D.notice
16.A.get B.force C.require D.hope
17.A.pointed B.turned C.worked D.found
18.A.generous B.successful C.serious D.powerful
19.A.praised B.persuaded C.informed D.convinced
20.A.lesson B.business C.aspect D.case
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
|
例：We ______(起床) before dawn.It was still dark outside.(get) 答案:get up |
1.They sat together around the table,with _______(门关着).(shut)
2.I haven’t the slightest idea ____ (他正在说什么).(talk)
3.The fact ____ (他失败了数次) makes him very upset.(he,fail)
4.Last night,John was answering the letters that ____ (寄给他的) during the past two weeks.(arrive)
5.He believes that children ____ (应允许……学习) at their own pace.(allow)
6.She has an excellent ____ (对名字的记忆力),which helps her quite a lot in her work.(memory)
7.____ (他是否出过国) doesn’t make much difference.(he,abroad)
8.The factory’s output of cars this year is ____ (大约是去年的三倍).(as,great)
9.Not only ____ (要帮助) the disabled to find jobs,but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.(give)
10.It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones;he ____ (可能参与) in planning the monument,or in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand)
Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature,thus creating a ___ environment.
A.peaceful B.sensitive
C.common D.stable
