Question

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have __1effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been __2at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __3^{of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.}

Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _4of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children _5aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__6is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout __7at other players or cheer when their child behaves _8__. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is _ 9or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured _10, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.

As a society, we really need to 11this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches _12should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better__13. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to __14, themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that  __15is not as important as winning.

1.A. restrictive     B. negative     C. active     D. instructive

2.A. knocked     B. glanced     C. smiled     D. shouted

3.A. impression     B. concept     C. taste     D. expectation

4.A. resource     B. cause     C. course     D. consequence

5.A. question     B. understand     C. copy     D. neglect

6.A. winning     B. practicing     C. fun     D. sport

7.A. praises     B. orders     C. remarks     D. insults

8.A. proudly     B. ambitiously     C. aggressively     D. bravely

9.A. acceptable     B. impolite     C. possible     D. accessible

10.A. By contrast     B. In addition     C. As a result     D.Afterall

11.A. look up to     B. face up to     C. make up for     D. come up with

12.A. in particular     B. in all     C. in return     D. in advance

13.A. techniques     B. means     C. values     D. directions

14.A. respect     B. relax     C. forgive     D. enjoy

15.A. body     B. fame     C. health     D. spirit

Answer

1.B．根据句中的however可知此处是表示了语意的转折，那么就要选择一个表示否定、消极的意义的词，所以选择negative。restrictive是“受约束的，限制的”，active是“积极的”，instructive是“有教育意义的”，都不合题意。

2.D．此处的shout at和后面的call names构成并列关系，容易选出。

3.A．根据句意“这会给孩子留下不好的印象”，leave impression是“留下印象”的意思。

4.B．根据句意知“很多研究人员认为，成年人，尤其是父母和教练，是在孩子的运动出现很多攻击/侵略行为的起因”，导致某事发生的原因用cause,其他三项意思不合句意。

5.C．根据上下文可知，“他们认为孩子在模仿/复制成年人的行为”，故选择copy。

6.A．据上下文知道，大人们经常是有意无意地把这样的信息传达给孩子，那就是“在运动中取胜就是一切”，所以，选择winning。

7.D．在运动中对其他的选手，即对手当然是insults(辱骂/侮辱的言行)。

8.C．大人们常因为自己的孩子在运动中表现出进攻性、侵略性动作时就为之欢呼、加油。

9.A．同样，孩子们甚至被教导到伤害对手是可以被接受的，所以选择acceptable, impolite是“不礼貌的”，possible是“可能的”，accessible是“易接近的”，均不合题意。

10.B．这里是又说到了另外的一个方面，即media的作用，所以，此处要填in addition。

11.B．此处考查短语意思辨析。face up to是“面对，直面”的意思，符合句意。look up to是“尊重”的意思，make up for是“弥补，补偿”的意思，come up with是“提出，提供，赶上”的意思，都不合句意。

12.A．此处填in particular表示“尤其”，强调尤其是父母或教练应当给孩子们树立起好的榜样。in all是“总共”，in return是“作为报答，作为回报”,in advance是“提前”的意思，都不合此处意思。

13.C．根据句意，“父母或教练应该教给孩子更好的价值观”，而不是“技术、手段、方向”。

14.D．enjoy oneself 是固定搭配，意为“过得愉快”，其他三项意思不符。

15.C．根据句意“如果大人们告诉孩子受伤了也要继续进行运动，他们就给了孩子这样的信息，即：生命健康不如获胜重要”，所以此处要选择health，而不是body(身体)，fame(名誉)，spirit(精神)。