Question

One reason Americans eat so many calories is that we tend to eat large portions(分量). Studies find that hamburgers and fries are generally offered in serving sizes two to five times larger than the appropriate meal size. Researchers find we usually clean our plates no matter how high they're piled, even if we already feel satisfied. See the suggestions below to further master the fine art of sizing up（估量） your snacks and suppers.

Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years. Fortunately, portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat.

Pre-picture portions. Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon. For example, a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist. A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange.

Use a smaller dish. This tip might sound ridiculous, but it works. First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on, say, a salad plate. But psychologically, you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds.

Have raw vegetables at every meal. Raw cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots, and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients. A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up, cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat.

Start your meal with soup. Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption, since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients.

Manage your fork. After every bite of food, put your fork down. Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite. The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less. Remember: Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry.

Helpful hints on how to get a handle on the how-much factor
Facts	Hamburgers and fries served in restaurants are generally two to five times the1.______of the proper ones. Americans usually clean their plates 2.______high they're piled, even if they are already satisfied
Effects	Americans continue getting fatter even as they have eaten3.______calories from fat in recent years.
4.______	a. Use5.______objects to imagine how much you should eat of a food before a meal. b. Use a smaller dish and thus eat 6._____. c. Have raw vegetables at every meal to cut down 7.______    for the more calorie-dense meat. d. Start your meal with 8.______to reduce meal consumption. e. Put down your fork at9.______to make sure your brain receives10.______that you’re full.

Answer

1.size

2.however

3.fewer

4.Suggestions

5.familiar

6.slowly

7.appetite

8.soup

9.times/ intervals

10.signals

【解析】

1.根据第三行“offered in serving sizes two ”可知平时店里的快餐的量是适应量的两到五倍。

2.根据后面一句中“...no matter how high they're piled...”可知用however="no" matter how

3.根据第二段第一行“...even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years.”可知就是摄入的卡里路已经下降，因此用fewer。

4.根据文章后面内容可知是作者提出的建议，因此用suggestions。

5.根据第三段“Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat...”可知填“familiar”。

6.根据第四段中“you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds”可知不会迟的很快，因此用slowly代替。

7.根据第五段中“...cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat...”可推断会减少食欲

8.根据第六段中“Start your meal with soup”，可知用soup。

9.根据最后一段中“...After every bite of food, put your fork down...”和“Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry”可知每吃完一口就放下叉子，直达完全吃完这口，因为大脑在20分钟后才能接收到吃饱的信号。at intervals 时间间隔，时而

10.同上