Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death, but football, rugby and running may not help people to live longer, a study suggests.

A study followed more than 80,000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death. It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period, reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise. Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent, aerobics (有氧运动) fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent. Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early, and neither did playing football or rugby.

Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash (壁球), which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social net-works and tend to keep up activities into later life, both of which are proven to be good for health.

In contrast, people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family, or injury reasons. They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity.

The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death. Similarly, swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent, and people who took part in activities like aerobics, dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent. But again running, football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths.

However, other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running and football do not protect against heart disease. In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease.

1.Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death?

A.Cycling. B.Swimming.

C.Rugby. D.Tennis.

2.According to the study, which makes a big difference in keeping healthy?

A.Playing basketball with their friends occasionally.

B.Watching football games every day.

C.Taking up gymnastics and joining a club.

D.Doing running in the park every day.

3.What is considered more important to people's health?

A.Social networks. B.Staying at home.

C.Physical examinations. D.Setting up families.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research.

B.Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer.

C.It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease.

D.There are differences between racket sports and team games.

    A rescue group made sure hunting dogs Herbier and Hilda were adopted as a pair since Hilda helps Herbier get around.

For more than 50 years, guide dogs have been trained to help humans with vision challenges live without boundaries and enjoy independence in their homes, offices, and the community at large. Given dogs' ability to be trained, along with their skills, it seemed unavoidable that there would be an unofficial guide dog for a blind dog.

Almost more exciting is the fact that one such set, which was abandoned together in Salem about a month ago, has found a new forever home that will allow the blind dog and his caretaker dog to remain together.

A little more than a month ago, someone abandoned three dogs over the fence of a local gentleman who formerly rescued greyhounds. The man no longer rescues the little dogs of being long of body, short of leg and droopy of ears, but he did know to take them to the Marion County Dog Services shelter.

The county shelter knew immediately to contact Diane Young at Salem Dogs, a local dog rescue known for being heavy on love and affection that the county most likely has on speed dial.

The rescue director responded in time, taking in the two of the dogs. One black male was healthy and passed tests quickly and easily. He was put up for adoption at the shelter and was quickly accepted.

The other two are between the ages of 4 and 5, required a bit more care. Hilda, a long-haired, black-dappled female, was obviously connected to Herbier, a light-brown, smooth-coated brown greyhound who had vision problems.

1.What can we learn about the abandoned dogs?

A.They have been trained for their ability and skills.

B.The three dogs were abandoned because they are blind.

C.They are finally adopted to live with the man who found them.

D.The dog Hilda offers to help the blind dog Herbier get around.

2.What does the underlined word “greyhounds” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A.Cows who have lost their babies. B.Dogs who are abandoned by their owners.

C.Humans who become old and lonely. D.Chickens which are living with their mom.

3.What can we infer from this text?

A.The touching story of two dogs helping each other happened one month ago.

B.Humans began to train dogs for the ability and skills of guidance five years ago.

C.The two abandoned dogs are still living together at the shelter today.

D.The two dogs were abandoned most probably because they were blind.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.A moving story about two dogs. B.The Marion County Dog Services shelter.

C.A dog and a blind dog were trained. D.Two dogs were abandoned by a man.

    Looking for some San Diego events February 2020? We've got a great list of fun things to do in San Diego California. Enjoy these winter 2020 San Diego events and February Valentines Day fun. If it rains, don't worry. February is museum, with half price on many museums. And most importantly, don't forget to plan a romantic Valentine's Day activity!

Whale Watching in San Diego

California Gray Whales undergo their annual migration from Alaska through San Diego and onto Baja California. During February — April, whale watching is at its best, as the whales migrate close to shore and can be seen from land or sea. One of the fun San Diego events. For more information see San Diego Whale Watching.

Explore San Diego Tide Pools

February 5 to 11 and 18 to 24,2020 at various times in the afternoon at low tide. Fall and winter are the best times to explore the San Diego tide pools. $ 10 for adults, children aged 11 and under free. Reservations recommended. 603-437-6722.

Super Bowl 2020

Watch the Super Bowl game Sunday February 2,2020. Even if you don't like football, the commercials are worth it. Still can’t convince you to watch? It's a great time to shop in the empty stores.

Hotel Coronado Historic Walking Tour

Monday and Friday at 10: 30 AM, Saturdays and Sundays at 3 PM. 60-minute walking tour of the famous historic Hotel Coronado, led by docents from the Coronado Historical Association. It's free and one of the best kids' activities in San Diego.

1.Which month is suitable time to watch whales in San Diego?

A.January. B.June.

C.March. D.October.

2.How much will a couple and their 10-year-old boy pay to attend the activity — Explore San Diego Tide Pools?

A.$20. B.$25.

C.$30. D.$ 15.

3.Which of the following events best suits an economical father with kids?

A.Super Bowl 2020.

B.Hotel Coronado Historic Walking Tour.

C.Explore San Diego Tide Pools.

D.Whale Watching in San Diego.

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom打算到北京大学学习。他对中国历史很感兴趣，但又觉得汉语言文学专业就业前景更好，向你求助。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1. 对其到北大求学表示欢迎；

2. 推荐其中一个专业并陈述理由；

3. 期待见面。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考：汉语言文学 Chinese Language and Literature

Dear Tom,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hello, Jim! I’d like to share mine voluntary work with you this summer vacation, when I worked for a guide in the museum of my city. The work was interesting and tiring. It was the first time that I have learnt the origin of my city, which made me understood its amazing history. There were also other student volunteer in the museum. I’ve been learnt how to get on well with them. Besides, I’ve gained some social experience can’t be learnt from textbooks. In the word, I’ve got a wonderful and extreme valuable summer vacation.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The co-founder of e-commerce giant Alibaba Jack Ma 1. (retire) on his 55th birthday on 10 September, 2019, 2. (make) him the first founder among a generation of Chinese Internet entrepreneurs to step down from his company.

Born 3. Hangzhou, Mr. Ma had begun his career as an English teacherbefore he became one of the billionaires. Mr. Ma struggled at school and 4. (reject) for 30 different jobs, including one at KFC. He bought his first 5. (person) computer at the age of 33. With no background in computing,Mr. Ma confounded Alibaba with 6. (create) in his apartment two decades ago. Known as the “Steve Jobs of China”, Mr. Ma owns 7. (near) 9% of e-commerce giant Alibaba. “I want to return to what I love to do — education,” Mr. Ma said recently in 8. interview. “There are a lot of things for me 9. (learn) from Bill Gates.” He is not only a fan of martial arts 10. has been practicing t’ai chi for more than 30 years.

    After a day’s work in the hospital Jane Hodgson was finally on her way home.  While _________, she noticed there was a car _________ at the side of the road and a crowd gathered around someone who was _________ on the ground. Jane pulled up to see what happened, which turned out to be _________ for the victim.

Describing the_________, Jane says, “A crowd of onlookers (旁观者) gathered there. Some young men were cream-faced and looking lost. They were _________ terrified. When I walked up, first-aid kit in hand, they said, ‘You’re a first aider. Oh thank God.’ They were so _________ that they hadn’t even called a _________ yet.”

A young girl was lying there. She had been hit by a car and fallen from her bike, _________ on her head and shoulder. “She had not been wearing a __________ when knocked down, and I thought she should not be __________ in case of a spinal injury, but after looking her over, in relief, I felt fairly __________ that she had escaped almost unharmed. Even so, __________ time passed, the pain she was suffering was __________. To avoid her losing consciousness, I kept __________ to her. We chatted about anything I could think of to keep her __________ off the pain. She squeezed my hand to relieve pain and this__________,” describes Jane.

Thinking back, Jane says, “Apart from her boyfriend I wasn’t __________ by anyone else, but that’s OK. For me, knowing that in a small way I helped the girl is all the __________ I need. I felt great that I’d made a __________.”

1.A.walking B.driving C.running D.riding

2.A.turned up B.taken away C.pulled over D.driven off

3.A.lying B.sitting C.standing D.sleeping

4.A.lucky B.uncomfortable C.bearable D.despairing

5.A.reason B.scene C.injure D.action

6.A.slightly B.eventually C.hardly D.completely

7.A.puzzled B.excited C.shocked D.absorbed

8.A.colleague B.doctor C.friend D.guide

9.A.focusing B.lying C.leaning D.landing

10.A.hat B.mask C.helmet D.seat belt

11.A.moved B.treated C.bothered D.saved

12.A.confused B.worried C.disappointed D.confident

13.A.since B.as C.while D.once

14.A.changing B.increasing C.declining D.disappearing

15.A.singing B.smiling C.talking D.signing

16.A.mind B.body C.soul D.shoulder

17.A.occurred B.worsened C.dropped D.helped

18.A.inspired B.thanked C.encouraged D.requested

19.A.reward B.feeling C.devotion D.harvest

20.A.deal B.proposal C.difference D.decision

The Benefits of Keeping a Journal

If you want to grow, one important thing you should do is keeping a journal. It may seem simple, but it can make a big difference in your life. 1. And to be honest, I can’t imagine what my life would be like without it. Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal.

It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn’t write it down? 2. But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible.

3. By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons you’ve learned and the ideas you’ve gotten. Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes. You can use the ideas to push yourself forward.

It allows you to see the progress over time. After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far you’ve gone. Things that were big problems in the past might seem small today. 4.

It helps you expand your ideas. When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea, you are thinking actively about it. 5. In the end, you expand your ideas.

A.It aims to express your ideas.

B.I often experienced that myself.

C.And the raw ideas in the past might have been realized today.

D.It helps you review all the lessons you’ve learned.

E.Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with.

F.Active thinking helps you connect your idea to another one.

G.Keeping a journal has become a habit for me.

    Research published in the journal High Temperature found that an hour-long soak in hot water produced similar blood sugar responses to 60 minutes of moderate physical activity.

Sound too good to be true? While the research on these effects is still initial (初步)，there is a plausible explanation for this.

"It seems that activities that increase heat shock proteins (热体克蛋) may help to improve blood sugar control and offer an alternative to exercise," the lead study author Steve Faulkner wrote. “These activities—such as soaking in a hot tub or taking a sauna (桑拿) — may have health benefits to people who are unable to exercise regularly. to an hour- long session of cycling or an hour-long session in a 40℃bath.

The scientists discovered that both groups were better able to control their blood sugar levels in the 24 hours following their soak were approximately 10 percent lower than those of the participants who exercised.

Researchers say this implies that “passive heating" (a means of rising your body temperature) could assist in lowering blood sugar levels. Passive heating can affect proteins in the body called heat shock proteins, which helps regulate blood sugar. People with diabetes (糖尿病) tend to have lower levels of heat shock proteins. Passive heating can raise these levels.

It's critical to point out a few limitations of the study. For starters, the experiment only monitored men, so it's difficult to say if the same effect would happen in women. It also only included 14 volunteers, which was an extremely small sample size. More research needs to be conducted before scientists can come to any official conclusion. And, of course, you should still continue exercising regularly.

That being said, the study does offer some more promising insights (见解) into the healing effects of hot water.

1.What does the underlined word “plausible” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Strange. B.Ridiculous.

C.Reasonable. D.Confusing.

2.What can we know about the research by the U. K.'s team?

A.Cycling made no difference to blood sugar levels.

B.People with diabetes usually have higher levels of heat shock proteins.

C.14 lean and 14 overweight men were involved in the research.

D.A 24-hour tracking and monitoring was carried out after the one-hour activities.

3.How should scientists improve this study?

A.By extending the study period.

B.By changing the research method.

C.By including women in the research.

D.By adding more scientists involved in the investigation.

4.Which of the following best expresses the author's main point of view?

A.When you run a fever you get passive heating.

B.Passive heating can raise levels of heat shock proteins.

C.The research is of significance in spite of some imperfection.

D.You need either a hot bath or regular exercise to keep healthy.

    The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting from July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.

The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds of waste: recyclable waste, harmful waste, household food waste and residual (剩余的) waste.

Harmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.

Household food waste — which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese — refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.

Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.

The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.

As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sort trash.

“We should do this from a pig’s angle,” commented one netizen. “Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don’t want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.”

The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB 200.

1.What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?

A.Harmful waste. B.Wet trash.

C.Recyclable waste. D.Residual waste.

2.What is the common point of “wet trash”？

A.They can be broken down easily. B.They all come from plants.

C.They all have bad smells. D.They all have poisonous materials.

3.What is the tone of the netizen like?

A.Serious. B.Humorous.

C.Delightful. D.Uncertain.

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.The four sorts of garbage are forbidden in Shanghai.

B.Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.

C.People are still confused about garbage sorting.

D.The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.

    British triathletes (铁人三项运动员) Jess Learmont, and Georgia Taylor-Brown were disqualified from an Olympics qualification race in Tokyo on August 9,2019, because they crossed the finish line while holding hands.

The pair had a huge lead on the rest of their competitors in the event, and after surviving extreme temperatures during the race in the 2020 Olympics host city, they held hands as they finished. At first, Learmonth was considered the champion and Taylor-Brown the second place, but they technically broke competition rules and were punished for it.

As the BBC explained, International Triathlon Union (ITU) competition rule 2.11 states that “athletes who finish in an abnormal tie situation, where no effort to separate their finish times has been made, will be disqualified”.

Looking at the video, they don’t appear to be purposefully attempting to tie, and since Learmonth was the original winner, what does it matter? It looks like they’re both simply trying to support each other after finishing a race during which the temperature was pretty high that the running section was cut from 10 kilometers to five. Safety during a heat wave has been a serious concern, as 57 people in Japan have died since late July, according to Reuters, because of the extreme temperatures.

An appeal against the result was refused, the BBC reported, so Bermuda’s Flora Duffy was declared the champion with Italy’s Alice Betto promoted to second and Britain’s Vicky Holland to third.

1.Why did the two triathletes hold hands as they finished?

A.To fight against the extreme heat.

B.To be both winners in the race.

C.To carry out their plan made before the race.

D.To probably show support to each other.

2.What added difficulty to the race?

A.Hot weather. B.Long running section.

C.New competition rules. D.Powerful competitors.

3.What’s the author’s attitude to the result?

A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.

C.Indifferent. D.Worried.

4.What does the last paragraph tell us?

A.Jess Learmonth dropped to four.

B.ITU didn’t change the final decision.

C.The two triathletes agreed to the result.

D.The two triathletes will race in the Olympics.

Confucius Institute Scholarship for Studying Abroad in China

Introduction:

The Confucius Institute Scholarship program will sponsor foreign students, scholars, and Chinese language teachers studying Chinese Language and Culture, Chinese History, Chinese Philosophy,or other such majors at universities in China.

Scholarship Category:

• Scholarship for Four-week Students

• Scholarship for One-semester Students

• Scholarship f or One-academic Year Students

Scholarship Coverage:

Scholarship winners are exempt (豁免) from tuition, accommodation fees on campus, are provided with comprehensive insurance for foreign students studying in China, and receive a monthly living allowance (except Four-week Scholarship Students).

Eligibility (资格) Criteria:

• Applicants shall be non-Chinese citizens in good health, aged between 16 and 35 (Chinese language teachers in post shall be aged below 45).

• Applicants need to take HSK and HSKK or BCT exam and achieve a score which meets the basic standard of the category you would like to apply for.

Time Schedule:

• Oct. -Dec., 2019 Applicants register by email and take the HSK and HSKK.

• Jan. -Mar., 2020 Applicants prepare their application documents and are interviewed by the Confucius Institute at Cleveland State University.

• Mar. -Apr., 2020 Applicants complete and submit the application forms online.

• Mar. -Jun., 2020 Applicants are selected by the host institute; the Confucius Institute headquarters review the applications and make a final selection.

For more information please contact:

Xiaona Jin x.jin23@csuohio.edu 216-523-7142

1.The scholarship is set up to ________.

A.help students study Chinese

B.improve Chinese language teaching

C.promote international communication

D.support foreigners to spread Chinese culture

2.What do you know about the scholarship?

A.The applicants shall be between 16 and 35.

B.All the winners receive a monthly living allowance.

C.The application process lasts for about nine months.

D.The applicants should complete paper application forms.

3.What type of article is the text?

A.A poster. B.A journal.

C.An application. D.A news report.

Directions: Write an English composition in about 100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her. She did not know she was going to make it and wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as one problem was solved a new one arose.

Her father, a cook, took her to the kitchen, and he filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Soon the pots came to a boil. In one he placed carrots, in the second he placed eggs, and in the last he placed ground coffee beans. He led them sit and boil, without saying a word. In about twenty minutes he turned off the burners. He fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them a bowl. Then he ladled the coffee out and placed it in a mug. Turning to her he asked, “Darling, what do you see?” “Carrots, eggs, and coffee,” she replied.

He brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots and she did and noted that they were soft. Then he asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. She smiled as she tasted its rich aroma.

What does it mean, Father? He explained that each of them had faced the same adversity, boiling water, but each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard, and unrelenting. But after being subjected to the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg had been fragile. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior, but after sitting through the boiling water. Its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were unique; however, after they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.

Which are you? He asked his daughter.

When adversity knocks on your door, how do you respond? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?

阅读上述材料，谈谈面对困境，你想成为“胡萝卜”、“鸡蛋”还是“咖啡豆”？简述原因。字数：100字左右。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.他的父母为他考入理想大学而感到自豪。(admit; pride [n.])

2.尽管他对于把自己的理论应用于实践不感兴趣，但他还是为我们的社会做出了巨大贡献。(apply)

3.北京奥运会开幕式向人们展示了灿烂的中华文化，给中外观众留下了难以忘怀的印象。(impression)

4.她一看完那个关于动物的电视节目，就决定要加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)

5.联网时代，便捷和风险共生，唯有创新，方能在虚拟空间拥有成就感和安全感。（unless）

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, 1.(say) nothing of preparing us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree 2.(come) in the future. Yet we have an annual vaccine, and everyone 3.(qualify) should get it without question. The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much 4.(effective) flu vaccine.

In the U. S alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved 5. and our communities.

Why not? We haven’t been hit by 6. truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quickly defund and destroy the services we need to protect us.

The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S. health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.

The cost of preventing epidemics is roughly a tenth of 7. it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment 8. the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded.

The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. 9. headlines about the flu are gone, hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual.

Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today 10. be a matter of life and death for you and those you love.

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

The war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories — but not for everyone

As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten teens in the US smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. 1..

Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.

The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoking. Then, smokers were cool.

Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.

The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. 2.. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning eighteen. 3..The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of$2. 42 on every pack -three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.

New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke, far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low(60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York's, Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records

Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor.4.. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.

Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3, 000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won

A.The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful

B.Smoking is believed to kill an estimated one million people through tobacco related diseases across the world each year.

C.True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking, far worse than a tax.

D.But some states—Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama to name Just a few—seem to have missed message that smoking is deadly.

E.The government has tried to curb smoking by imposing bans on smoking groups in taxis, schools and hospitals

F.But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes.

    Escaping predators (食肉动物), digestion and other animal activities—including those of humans—require oxygen. But that essential ingredient is no longer so easy for marine life to obtain, several new studies reveal.

In the past decade ocean oxygen levels have taken a dive—an alarming trend that is linked to climate change, says Andreas Oschlies, an oceanographer at the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research in Germany, whose team tracks ocean oxygen levels worldwide. “We were surprised by the intensity of the changes we saw, how rapidly oxygen is going down in the ocean and how large the effects on marine ecosystems are,” he says. It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (热带的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally.

A warming ocean loses oxygen for two reasons: First, the warmer a liquid becomes, the less gas it can hold. That is why carbonated drinks go flat faster when left in the sun. Second, as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth.

Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into food-scarce regions. Climate change already poses serious problems for marine life, such as ocean acidification, but deoxygenation is the most pressing issue facing sea animals today, Oschlies says. After all, he says, “they all have to breathe.”

Aside from food web problems, animals face various other physiological challenges as their bodies adjust to lower oxygen levels. Chinese shrimp (虾) move their tails less vigorously to preserve energy in lower oxygen environments. Some creatures, such as jellyfishes, are more tolerant of low oxygen than others are. But all animals will feel the impact of deoxygenation because they all have evolved their oxygen capacity for a reason, says Oschlies. “Any drop in oxygen is going to damage survivability and performance,” he says.

1.According to the first two paragraphs, what worries scientists the most?

A. The worsening deoxygenation in the warming ocean.

B. The survival of predators and various marine animals.

C. The alarmingly changeable oxygen levels in the ocean.

D. The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.

2.Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean?

A. Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.

B. Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.

C. The surface polar ice water prevents oxygen going down.

D. Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals’ natural territories.

B. Ocean acidification is more serious a problem than deoxygenation.

C. Not all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.

D. Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. The Oxygen Levels of Marine Life B. Ocean Warming Affects Food Web

C. The Survivability of Ocean Animals D. The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath

How to place an order of Custom Jeans

Select the Fabric&Styles

→Fabric(布料)--Select the Fabric from our large collection of Denim Fabric Samples.

→Special Wash--Select your favorite special wash treatment to make your jeans look stylish.

→Thread Color--Select the thread color you want. You can select secondary thread color also, which can be used at certain stitches. Also, you can specify where you want to use the secondary thread.

→Pocket Style--Select the front&back pocket style. If you want your own styled front&back pocket, select my own design& send us the photo of the pocket style you want. If you are going with default (默认)pocket style, we will make your jeans with basic 5-pocket pattern,which is universal style for jeans in all countries in the world.

→Fly Style--Select the fly style you want, the Zip Fly or the Button Fly.

Measurements

Select one option from "Make My Jeans"&"Copy A Jeans"

→Make My Jeans-- First Select fitting type according to what type of fitting you want for your jeans.

Give your exact body measurements as described &shown in the photos. We will leave extra loosing as described in “Fitting Guide Table”. so offer to table first&then decide your fitting type.

→Copy A Jeans-- If you already have a perfect jeans and you like it the most, then you can send

us all the measurements to us by following the instructions in "Copy A Jeans" section. We will make the perfect copy of your favorite jeans. Please note we can copy only the measurements, not the fabric and accessories.

The measurements written in the measurements box by you will be the final measurements for your order processing. To change or modify it, contact us by E-mail or by phone and we will inform you about your order status and we will tell you what modification we are able to do at that stage.

Confirm Your Order

By pressing PROCEED tab, you will be redirected to "Confirm Order" page. On this page, you will see all the details you selected during order, you can again modify order by clicking edit tab.

After confirming your order, press PROCEED tab.

Make Payments

You can make payments in different ways. We provide PayPal (direct pay by PayPal&by your credit card), net-banking, cheque or cash deposit and send a demand draft options.

Delivery

After confirmation of your payment, we will start the jeans-making process for you, and we will deliver your jeans within 30 days. After dispatching from here, it will take 3-5 days to deliver in India and 6-9 days to deliver out of India.

Enjoy Wearing SQ Jeans TM.

The SQ Jean s TM come ready to wear&pre-shrunk. Wear it&enjoy.

How to place an order of Custom Jeans

Select the Fabric&Styles

→Fabric(布料)--Select the Fabric from our large collection of Denim Fabric Samples.

→Special Wash--Select your favorite special wash treatment to make your jeans look stylish.

→Thread Color--Select the thread color you want. You can select secondary thread color also, which can be used at certain stitches. Also, you can specify where you want to use the secondary thread.

→Pocket Style--Select the front&back pocket style. If you want your own styled front&back pocket, select my own design& send us the photo of the pocket style you want. If you are going with default (默认)pocket style, we will make your jeans with basic 5-pocket pattern,which is universal style for jeans in all countries in the world.

→Fly Style--Select the fly style you want, the Zip Fly or the Button Fly.

Measurements

Select one option from "Make My Jeans"&"Copy A Jeans"

→Make My Jeans-- First Select fitting type according to what type of fitting you want for your jeans.

Give your exact body measurements as described &shown in the photos. We will leave extra loosing as described in “Fitting Guide Table”. so offer to table first&then decide your fitting type.

→Copy A Jeans-- If you already have a perfect jeans and you like it the most, then you can send

us all the measurements to us by following the instructions in "Copy A Jeans" section. We will make the perfect copy of your favorite jeans. Please note we can copy only the measurements, not the fabric and accessories.

The measurements written in the measurements box by you will be the final measurements for your order processing. To change or modify it, contact us by E-mail or by phone and we will inform you about your order status and we will tell you what modification we are able to do at that stage.

Confirm Your Order

By pressing PROCEED tab, you will be redirected to "Confirm Order" page. On this page, you will see all the details you selected during order, you can again modify order by clicking edit tab.

After confirming your order, press PROCEED tab.

Make Payments

You can make payments in different ways. We provide PayPal (direct pay by PayPal&by your credit card), net-banking, cheque or cash deposit and send a demand draft options.

Delivery

After confirmation of your payment, we will start the jeans-making process for you, and we will deliver your jeans within 30 days. After dispatching from here, it will take 3-5 days to deliver in India and 6-9 days to deliver out of India.

Enjoy Wearing SQ Jeans TM.

The SQ Jean s TM come ready to wear&pre-shrunk. Wear it&enjoy.

1.In Fabric &Styles, which item leaves you with the latest personal choice?

A. Fabric    B. Fly Style

C. Pocket Style    D. Thread Color

2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is True?

A. The tailor will meet all the requirements on your jeans on condition that you state every detail clearly in your order.

B. If the order with wrong measurements has already been processed, nothing can be done to fix the situation.

C. Before payment. you'd better check your order in detail and can still make modifications if necessary.

D. You will have to wash your jeans upon receipt, because they don't fit perfectly until they shrink a little after washing.

3.If you place an overseas order with full payments by PayPal on October 12, you will receive your jeans no later than______.

A. Oct. 21    B. Oct. 26

C. Nov.16    D. Nov.20

    For some people,music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes(音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.

As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music sets them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret,a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.

Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn't involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can't see. certain colors.

Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say,” No thanks, I'm amusic,'“says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”

1.Which of the following is true of amusic?

A.Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.

B.They love places where they are likely to hear music.

C.They can easily tell two different songs apart.

D.Their situation is well understood by musicians.

2.According to Paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ___________.

A.dislikes listening to speeches

B.can hear anything nonmusical

C.has a hearing problem

D.lacks a complex hearing system

3.In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.

A.her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier

B.she were seventeen years old rather than seventy

C.her problem could be easily explained

D.she were able to meet other amusics

4.What is the passage mainly concerned with?

A.Amusics' strange behaviours.

B.Some people's inability to enjoy music.

C.Musical talent and brain structure.

D.Identification and treatment of amusics.

The Last Robot-Proof Job in America?

You can get most food, such as warm cookies or vodka, to your doorstep in minutes. But try getting a red snapper (红鲷鱼). Until recently, if you could obtain it, it would likely have been pre-frozen and shipped in from overseas.

A new tech startup is aiming to ____________this situation. Based inside the Fulton Fish Market, a seafood wholesale market, the startup, called FultonFishMarket.com, allows customers across the whole country, both restaurants and individuals, to buy from the market. The fish is shipped ____________, rather than frozen, thanks to an Amazon advanced logistics system. Mike Spindler, the company’s C.E.O., said recently, “I can get a fish to Warren Buffett, that’s as fresh as if he’d walked down to the pier (码头) and bought it that morning.”

There is one thing, ____________, that the sophisticated logistics system cannot do: pick out a fish. If Warren Buffett orders a red snapper, the company needs to ____________ that his fish is actually red snapper, and not some other. According to the ocean-conservation organization, more than 20% of the seafood in restaurants and grocery stores in America is ___________. For this task, the company has employed Robert DiGregorio, a forty-seven-year veteran of the business, who possesses a blend of judgement and ___________ knowledge that, so far, computers have yet to replicate.

“___________ the food-safety stuff, our business could be any market from the last three thousand years of human history,” Spindler told me. He is experienced in the ___________ business. When he arrived at the fish market in 2014, people were cautious. “They thought selling fish on the Internet was___________.” DiGregorio said, speaking for the fishmongers(鱼贩). “They didn’t see how it could possibly work.” Five years ago, DeGregorio didn’t know how to use a computer, but when the Web-site people arrived at the market, he sensed an opportunity. Together, they’ve created a human-machine fish-buying operation.

By 1 a.m. each night, the company collects __________ from around the country and sends them to DiGregorio. He heads into the market, carrying his tablet computer. The company’s algorithms（算法） ___________ data on their sources and can tell DiGregorio, for example, which stall to go to get the best tuna (金枪鱼). The computer is a “learning system,”, so if DiGregorio makes a choice it didn’t ___________, it asks, “Was the fish not available? Was it damaged?” All that information is fed back in for next time.

Then, what can a fishmonger see that a computer can’t? DeGregorio showed me his part of the ___________ process. “I’m assessing a few things,” he said. First, ___________. Fish should have “nice” slime(粘液). Then, smell. He sniffed the air above the box. “when fish goes bad, it smells like ammonia.” Besides, to get the best stuff, “Fishmongers have to have a relationship with you. To trust you.” He added.

Is he ever __________being replaced by the learning system of computers? DiGregorio shrugged. “By the time they invent a computer that can do what I can do,” he said, “I’ll be dead.”

1.A.maintain B.remedy C.substitute D.recognize

2.A.free B.overseas C.separate D.fresh

3.A.therefore B.otherwise C.however D.thus

4.A.ensure B.propose C.concede D.remind

5.A.overpriced B.misidentified C.displaced D.modified

6.A.computer B.cuisine C.fish D.marketing

7.A.Rather than B.Thanks to C.Except for D.Prior to

8.A.fund-raising B.online-grocery C.fish-selling D.non-profit

9.A.significant B.worthy C.responsible D.ridiculous

10.A.sales B.orders C.alternatives D.statistics

11.A.analyze B.supply C.prioritize D.feed

12.A.require B.process C.predict D.value

13.A.calculation B.decoding C.correction D.selection

14.A.smash B.touch C.wipe D.roll

15.A.concerned about B.eager for C.delighted with D.capable of

We are trying to get people to like us and approve of us: Our greatest fear is of being ______ and rejected.

A.abandoned B.ruined C.reminded D.stressed

The Colosseum ______ for nearly 500 years with the last recorded games held there as late as the 6th century.

A.put into use B.remained in use

C.went out of use D.made the use

The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate.

A.damage B.collapse C.twist D.share

The hotel boasts a lovely dining room ______ the lake, where the view can truly be described as spectacular.

A.overlooked B.reflecting C.overlooking D.reflected

If applicants do not meet these requirements they will not be ______ to graduate school, even if they had excellent undergraduate grades and an impressive resume.

A.permitted B.attracted C.suited D.admitted

They lived in a backward part of the country, with no electricity, paved roads or easy ______ to safe drinking water.

A.lack B.guarantee C.remedy D.access

Tea contains a variety of substances beneficial to human health, but only in a dark, sealed box can it be well ______.

A.advised B.balanced C.informed D.preserved

Over the years, London’s economy has changed from a manufacturing economy to one ______ financial services.

A.cared for B.applied to C.preferred to D.based on

He continued his writing until 1990 when a worsening eye condition ______ the end of his active career.

A.signed B.signaled C.considered D.communicated

With knowledge-based economy starting to ______ and becoming a growing trend, new industries have kept emerging.

A.take shape B.take action

C.create civilization D.pay attention