"Ma uka, ma uka ka ua , Ma kai, ma kai ka ua." So sing the children at a kindergarten on the Island of Hawaii. The song is much like "Rain, rain, go away” nursery rhyme, but it has an unusual power: it is one of the tools that have revived a near-dead language.

The decline of Hawaiian was not, as is the case with most disappearing languages, a natural death caused by migration（迁徙）and mass media. In 1896, after American business interests ended the Hawaiian original political system， schools were banned from using it. By the late 20th century, apart from a couple of hundred people on one tiny island, English had replaced Hawaiian and only the old spoke it to each other.

The civil-rights movement brought a revival of interest among the young, centred on the University of Hawaii at Hilo. Larry Kimura, a professor there, was not satisfied that the language should be only a subject at college： he and his students wanted to bring it back to life. The idea for how to do that came from a visiting Maori, who suggested. “language nests", which had successfully revived New Zealand's native language.

In 1985, when educating children in Hawaiian was still banned, Kauanoe Kamana and her husband Pila Wilson, both students of Kimura's, created the first Language nest" at Hilo. Neither was a native speaker, but both were determined, to bring up their children, as such. They gathered a small group of children, including their own son and daughter, and elderly native speakers.

The movement grew： there are now 12 kindergartens and 23 schools involved. The number of children being educated in Hawaiian has risen from 1, 877 in 2008 to 3.028 in 2018. Along with Japanese, Hawaiian is the non-English language most commonly spoken among children.

1.What makes the decline of Hawaiian different from other disappearing languages?

A.The number of its users.

B.The language features it bears.

C.People's unwillingness to use it.

D.The unfair treatment it received.

2.What has been done to save Hawaiian?

A.More schools have been set up.

B.More people are persuaded to stay.

C.More children are exposed to Hawaiian.

D.Government promotes the use of Hawaiian.

3.How does the author feel about the present situation of Hawaiian?

A.Relieved. B.Curious.

C.Anxious. D.Doubtful.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.The Revival of Hawaiian B.The Future of Hawaiian.

C.The History of Hawaiian D.The Development of Hawaiian

    Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down. Today, the 79 year-old artist, one of China's most respected living masters of seal carving（印章雕刻）, calligraphy and Chinese painting, still remembers the incident the first time he held a knife in his hand.

“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight," he said, adding that his mother applied ashes because she couldn't afford to take him to a hospital. "The cut left a scar, which is still clear today."

An eye for an eye and blood for blood, the incident didn't set him back. Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving. Han said.

The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works were harshly criticized by a famous old painter.

Most would have crumbled under the criticism, not Han. It made him even more determined. After six months' hard work, he visited the painter again.

"This time, he asked me to carve a seal for him. This was positive affirmation," Han said. "Praise and criticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life. Praise is candy and criticism is medicine. We can live without candy, but cannot live without medicine when ill."

Han rose to fame during the early 1960s famous for bird and insect seal art. Han's seals are an essential ending part on the paintings of a long list of well-established artists.

“A seal for a good painting is. like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装).An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style," Han said

His seals are full of variety — grand and solemn for Liu Haisu's paintings, light and vivid for Lu Yanshao's, graceful and gentle for Xie Zhiliu's.

"A good seal carver should keep bis own style, and at the same time go well with the painting's style." he said.

1.What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six?

A.He got injured very seriously.

B.He learned how to use a knife.

C.It aroused his interest in seal carving.

D.It helped him learn how hard life was.

2.Which best describes Han's journey of art exploration?

A.Smooth and fruitful. B.Inspiring and lucky.

C.Boring but worthwhile. D.Tough but rewarding.

3.In Han's opinion, what do an experienced tailor and a good seal carver share?

A.The huge respect they earn. B.The flexibility they display at work.

C.The targeted customers they serve. D.The efforts they have to make to succeed.

4.In which section, of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?

A.Education. B.Events.

C.Entertainment. D.People.

    Q1: When does the 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon take place?

A： The 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon takes place on Sunday 26 April.

Q2 : I have moved. How do I let you know my change of address?

A； Please email changeofaddress@londonmarathonevents. co. uk with your name, date of birth, telephone number, old address and your new address.

Q3: I need a hotel in London for the weekend of the race — any advice?

A： Virgin Money London Marathon hotel packages are available at Holiday Inn® and other IHG® hotels in and around London, and include a champion's breakfast and coach transfer to the Start Line so you arrive rested and ready to run your victory lap. Visit www. restandrun. holidayinn. com to find out more.

Q4： I am a visually disabled runner. Where can I find out more about running with a guide?

A： If you are a runner with a visual disability and would like to find out more about running with a guide, please contact disability@londonmarathonevents, co. uk.

Q5: What time does the race start?

A： Start times for the 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon are as follows；

09: 05 Elite Wheelchair Races

09: 10 World Para Athletics Marathon Championships Ambulant Athletes

09: 25 The Elite Women's Race

10 :10 The Elite Men's Race, British Athletics & England Athletics Marathon

Championships and Mass Race

Q6: What time do I need to get to the Start?

A： We suggest you get to your Start at least one hour before the race begins. This will allow time for you to use the facilities, warm up and take your position.

Q7: Can I track a runner during the race?

A： Yes. On Race Day, there will be a link to our tracking service on the home page of www. virginmoneylondonmarathon. com. The best way to track a runner is by using the runner's running number. If you do not have the running number, it is also possible to search for a runner by surname.

1.Which address should you contact if you need to run with a guide?

A.www. restandrun. holidayinn. com.

B.disability@londonrnarathonevents. co. uk.

C.www. virginmoneylondonmarathon. com.

D.changeofaddress@londonmarathoncvents. co. uk.

2.If Ann attends the Elite Women's Race, what's the best time to get to the Start?

A.08: 20. B.09: 05.

C.09: 10. D.09：25.

3.How can we track a runner during the race?

A.With the address. B.With the running number.

C.With the first name. D.With the telephone number.

假定你是班长李华。你们班本周日将组织同学们去参观历史博物馆，请你给交换生Ben发一封电子邮件，告知活动的相关安排。内容包括：

1. 时间安排；

2. 参观要求；

3. 观后感受。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ），并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

That we all know, it’s of greatly importance to get into a good living habit. Here is some suggestions for good living habits .

Firstly, get enough sleep. Enough sleep can provide us good energy. It’s important for us to go to the bed early and get up early. Secondly, keep healthy eating habits. Good eating habits can help us balances nutrition. So we should eat more vegetables and little meat. Thirdly, do exercise more. Do sports every day can keep us active all day long, help us build up your body and reduce diseases.

Please pay attention to these points but keep a healthy body.

    I was sitting in my car at a stoplight intersection (信号灯交叉口) listening to the radio. I was_______at the moment, _______how happy I was to be inside my nice_______car. It was cold and_______outside and I thought “Life is good.”

This was a long _______.As I waited, I noticed two people huddled (挤) together at the bus stop. To my eyes, they looked_______— they looked cold and they looked poor. It _______that their coats came from a second-hand store.

The couple seemed to be doing their best to _______warm. They were huddled together and I thought to_______, “Oh, those poor people in that punishing wind.”

________they were also laughing while they were huddling. They looked to be sharing a good ________. Suddenly, I envied them much________pitying them. They didn’t seem to________the wind. They weren’t worried about their________. They weren’t looking at my car.

In that moment, I ________I had assumed this couple needed my pity, but they didn’t. I ________things were all bad for them, but they weren’t and I understood we all have the ________to make moments of happiness happen.

Creating our own ________is something all of us can do — Try to be happy within the context of the life that we’re ________living. Happiness is not a ________to be longed for, or a collection of lucky coincidence. Through the power of our own minds, we can help ourselves.

1.A.hurt B.lost C.mad D.angry

2.A.puzzling B.hesitating C.thinking D.satisfying

3.A.warm B.new C.expensive D.advanced

4.A.rainy B.snowy C.sunny D.windy

5.A.light B.time C.journey D.way

6.A.shameless B.scared C.uncomfortable D.young

7.A.turned out B.seemed C.proved D.suggested

8.A.hold B.translate C.reduce D.keep

9.A.them B.myself C.himself D.others

10.A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Besides

11.A.coat B.life C.meal. D.joke

12.A.due to B.result from C.instead of D.put away

13.A.notice B.hear C.smell D.touch

14.A.action B.shoes C.clothes D.house

15.A.remembered B.realized C.informed D.recognized

16.A.predicted B.dated C.wandered D.assumed

17.A.chance B.power C.right D.tradition

18.A.happiness B.future C.success D.confidence

19.A.finally B.gradually C.slowly D.actually

20.A.belief B.ability C.situation D.principle

Tricks to keep fit

1.Eat w hole and unprocessed foods instead of processed foods . Eat foods that are rich in protein such as eggs, fish, meat and whey. Vegetables and fruits should be a part of your regular diet as well. Cut back your intake on carbohydrate rich foods such as potatoes, rice, breads and pasta. You may eat a little of these after exercising.

Do incline sit ups. Prop your legs up on the side of your bed and lie down on the floor so that your legs are above your head.2.Do 20 to 30 repetitions and rest for a few minutes. Do three sets. Try to increase to 50 repetitions.

Add weights to your incline sit-up routine. 3.You can start off with 5 pounds and begin using more as your abs get stronger. Cross your arms across the weight and rise slowly. Make sure that you don’t feel too much strain on your lower back. If you do, decrease the weight. Start off with 10 repetitions and build up to 20 then 30.

Run sprints. This is one of the best cardio (有氧运动) exercises for improving abs, because it forces you to take deep breaths and gives you a complete body workout. 4.Do this 5 times and build up to doing it 10 times three times per week.

Replace drinking alcohol and soda with drinking water, green tea and fruit juices. There are a lot of calories in alcohol and soft drinks. 5.

A.Eat healthy foods.

B.Lay a light weight across your chest.

C.Food helps to maintain and enhance relationships .

D.Start off running 20 yard sprints as fast as you can.

E.Increase your consumption of soluble (可溶的) fiber.

F.Slowly lift your back up off the floor and bring your head toward your knees.

G.Changing your drinking habits alone can decrease your calories by 25 percent.

    Mr. Fang is now the owner of 36 greenhouses producing organic vegetables in the Gobi desert in Northwest China’s Gansu province. He is one of the beneficiaries of the Gobi Farming Program of Gansu province that is building rows of greenhouses in the desert to help transform local farming and alleviate poverty.

Grain production in Gansu is greatly affected by the climate and the output is unstable. Agricultural production there relies heavily on rivers, oases and groundwater irrigation. If traditional extensive agricultural production continued, it could gradually narrow the living space.

In 1995, a local entrepreneur ventured to use Israeli technologies to build greenhouses for vegetables growing in the desert. Such individual pilot projects encouraged the Gansu government to launch a provincial-level Gobi farming program in 2017 with a target to build up a controlled-environment agriculture of about 20,000 hectares by 2022. Some cities in the province, which include Fang’s village, have already been experimenting with Gobi farming for several years.

Despite the harsh environment, farming in the Gobi desert has its advantages: the extended amount of sunlight provides adequate energy for crops, a significant temperature difference between day and night helps crops accumulate nutrients and the Gobi’s hot and dry air means fewer pests and crop diseases. The Gobi greenhouses popping up in Gansu use drip and spray irrigation, which can cut water consumption by almost 50 percent compared to a normal farm. The greenhouses are also eco-friendly, as they use substrates for soilless cultivation recycled from rotten leaves, straw and cow and sheep feces.

With the greenhouses, Fang earns around 70,000 yuan annually. Data from Suzhou. district of Jiuquan showed the greenhouse program has helped bring an average revenue of about $ 72,300 per hectare to local farmers. Large scale greenhouse farming is an investment-intensive project and cannot be sustained only by government financial support. Therefore, the local government has been encouraging villagers such as Fang to take the lead to rent greenhouses or build their own.

It is not an easy task, and many villagers still want to wait and see. However, more and more are starting to join in,either to rum their own greenhouses or work as hired workers for greenhouse owners. Starting from managing four greenhouses in 2009, Fang now is also a partner of a greenhouse farming cooperative running 120 greenhouses.

The relatively low cost of large-scale land use in the Gobi desert have also encouraged large firms to start their Gobi farming pilot projects in Gansu. If the Gobi farming proves successful, it could provide experiences for countries in Central Asia linked with Gansu both by the ancient Silk Road as well as its modern version of the Belt and Road Initiative.

1.What affects grain production in Gansu most?

A.Money. B.Sunlight.

C.Air D.Water.

2.What does the Gobi Farming Program aim to do?

A.Change the local climate.

B.Make the local residents rich.

C.Protect the traditional agricultural production.

D.Help university students start their own business.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A.The harsh environment is good for crops .

B.At first, Fang only ran four greenhouses.

C.With the greenhouses, Fang earns around $ 70,000 annually.

D.Mr. Fang now owns 120 greenhouses producing organic vegetables.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A.The Belt and Road Initiative

B.A Great Adventurer — Mr. Fang

C.The Gobi Farming Program of Gansu

D.The Advantages of Farming in the Gobi Desert

    New research has found that young adults who smoke both tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes appear to have a higher risk of stroke than those who only smoke tobacco.

Carried out by researchers at George Mason University, the new study looked at 161,529 participants aged 18 to 44 years of age, who were surveyed about their cigarette and e-cigarette use.

The researchers also calculated the participants’ risk of experiencing a stroke, taking into account factors such as how much participants smoked, high blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol levels, body mass index and physical activity levels.

The findings, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, showed that the participants who smoked cigarettes and used e-cigarettes were nearly two times more likely to have a stroke compared to current cigarette — only smokers, and nearly three times more likely than non-smokers.

The team also found that participants who used only e-cigarettes had a lower risk of stroke than those who smoked only tobacco cigarettes. In fact, those who used e-cigarettes on their own did not have a significantly greater risk of stroke than non-smokers.

However, the researchers failed to find any clear benefit from switching from cigarette smoking to using e-cigarettes, even though many people believe that e-cigarettes are a “healthy” alternative to cigarettes, and a way to help smokers kick the habit. They also noted that the nicotine dependence and toxicity associated with e-cigarettes is worrying, particularly among young adults who smoke them for fun and the range of flavors.

“It’s long been known that smoking cigarettes is among the most significant risk factors for stroke. Our study shows that young smokers who also use e-cigarettes put themselves at an even greater risk,” explained lead investigator Tarang Parekh, MBBS, MSc. “This is an important message for young smokers who perceive e-cigarettes as less harmful ones and consider them a safer alternative.We have begun understanding the health impact of e-cigarettes and concomitant cigarette smoking, and it’s not good.”

“Our findings demonstrate an additive harmful effect of e-cigarettes on smokers’ blood vessels, hearts and brains,” explained Parekh.

“Consider this study as a wake-up call for young vapers, clinicians, and healthcare policymakers. There is an urgency to regulate such products to avoid economic and population heath consequences and a critical need to conduct further research on the benefits and risks of smoking cessation altermatives,” warned Parekh.

1.What does the text belong to?

A.A science fiction. B.A news report.

C.A short story. D.A public announcement.

2.What can we know about the participants?

A.A few elderly people were surveyed.

B.Some of them are non smokers .

C.All of them use cigarettes and e-cigarettes.

D.They have a lower risk of stroke than others .

3.What does the underlined word “perceive” in Paragraph 7 mean?

A.Think. B.Practise.

C.Predict. D.Receive.

4.What did the the new research find?

A.Smoking cigarettes is among the most significant risk factors for stroke.

B.E-cigarettes are a “healthy” alternative to cigarettes.

C.Smoking both tobacco and e-cigarettes can make young adults at an greater risk of stroke.

D.It is beneficial to switch from cigarette smoking to using e-cigarettes.

    Mr. Buxton taught me Shakespeare in 10th grade. We were reading Macbeth. Mr. Buxton, who probably had better things to do, nonetheless agreed to meet one night to go over the text line by line. The first thing he did was point out the repetition of themes. For example, the reversals of things.

What Mr. Buxton didn’t tell me was what the play meant. He left the conclusions to me. The situation was much the same with my religious studies teacher in 11th grade, Mr. Flanders, who encouraged me to have my own relationship with the Gospels.

High school was followed by college, where I read Umberto Eco’s The Role of the Reader, in which it is said that the reader completes the text, that the text is never finished until it meets this voracious (渴求的) and engaged reader. The open texts, Eco calls them. In college, I read some of the great Europeans and Latin Americans: Borges and Kafka, Genet and Beckett, Artaud, Proust-open texts all. I may not have known why Kafka’s Metamorphosis is about a guy who turns into a bug: but I knew that some said cockroach, and others, European dung beetle.

There are those critics, of course, who insist that there are right ways and wrong ways to read every book. No doubt they arrived at these beliefs through their own adventures in the stacks. And these are important questions for philosophers of every stripe. And yet I know only what joy and enthusiasm about reading have taught me, in bookstores new and used.

There is not now and never will be an authority who can tell me how to interpret, how to read, how to find the pearl of literary meaning in all cases.

Supposing the truth is not hard, fast, masculine, simple, direct? You could spend a lifetime thinking about this sentence ,and making it your own. In just this way, the freedom to see literature,history, truth unfolding ahead of me like a book whose spine has just now been cracked.

1.When did the author begin to read Shakespeare’s work?.

A.In primary school. B.In 11th grade.

C.In secondary school. D.In college.

2.What can we know about The Role of the Reader from the text?

A.It w as written by the readers.

B.It is about a guy turning into a bug.

C.It insists that the reader completes the text.

D.Some great Europeans and Latin Americans wrote it together.

3.What is the main reason of the author loving reading?

A.Being an excellent student.

B.Mr. Buxton’s teaching method.

C.The joy and enthusiasm from his reading.

D.His admiration for literature masters like Shakespeare.

4.What can be inferred about the author from the text?

A.He has a preference for the open texts.

B.Shakespeare is his favorite.

C.He is naturally talented in reading.

D.He is also a famous literary critic.