Question

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before, which, of course, raises the public’s concern of our living environment.

How do the society become a throwaway one? First of all, it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money repairing it. Thanks to modern technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and cheap, and it’s more convenient to get them delivered nowadays.

Another course is our love of disposable (一次性的) products. As busy people, we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier. Companies produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups and cameras, to name a few. It seems that disposable products have become a common part of our life.

Longing for new products also leads to the problem. We are used to buying new things and are always talked into buying something we don’t need. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful belongings to make room for new ones. To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. However, this is not enough to solve our problem. Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our belongings instead of throwing them away, we also need to rethink our attitudes towards spending. Repairing our belongings and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Answer

Nowadays, people’s throwaway lifestyle produces more rubbish than ever before. The main reasons are as follows: Firstly, to replace an object is easier than to repair it. Secondly, using disposable products becomes more and more common. Besides. People are in favor of new products, thus throwing away old ones. To solve this problem, apart from recycling materials, we should change our spending habits, repairing more rather than buying more.

【解析】

这是一篇概要写作题型。要求考生根据短文写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

完成一篇概要写作，需要经过三个步骤：

1.读懂原文，抓住段落主题句。在阅读过程中，需要准确把握文章的段落大意，学会剔除非重要信息，弄清楚不同体裁的文章内部的逻辑关系以及文章的篇章结构。如本文是属于说明文，说明文的篇章多采用总分结构，即作者先提出一个需要说明的主题或者要点，然后其他段落围绕这个主题进行展开，段落的结构布局也多采用总结结构，即作者提出本段的主题句，然后段落其他的拓展句将围绕主题句进行详细说明。如第一段的最后一句“The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before, which, of course, raises the public’s concern of our living environment.”表示的是这个问题就是因为人们比以前扔掉更多垃圾，所以全世界的国家有堆成山的垃圾，这引起了公众对我们生存环境的担忧。这是本篇文章要说明的对象和要点，紧接着其他段落将围绕着“人们乱丢东西的现象导致垃圾增多”进行展开。

2.组织语言，转换表达。在找到主题句明确全文中心的基础上，不全盘照抄原文句子，尽量用自己的语言转换表达，组织好语言，注重语言表达的独立性和准确性以及高级性，同时要注意篇幅的比例安排，用较多的文字去表达重要的内容。如第一段的最后一句“The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before, which, of course, raises the public’s concern of our living environment.”可以转换为“Nowadays, people’s throwaway lifestyle produces more rubbish than ever before.”

3.通读全文，逻辑连贯。要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词，衔接词去连贯全文。如：

1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last

2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,

3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…

4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result