Writing Contests， Grants & Awards in 2019 The Writing Contests， Grants （补助金） & Awards database includes details about the creative writing contests-including poetry contests， short story competitions， essay contests， awards for novels， and more-that we've published in "Poets & Writers Magazine" during the past year． We carefully review the practices and policies of each contest before including it． Use the online submission system．

Catherine Doctorow Innovative Fiction Prize

A prize of ﹩15，000 is given annually for a novel， or a story collection． U．S． writers who have published at least three books of fiction are qualified． Submit a manuscript （手稿） of any length， a brief biography， and a list of three previously published books of fiction with a ﹩25 entry fee by November 1， 2019．

University of Alabama Press， P．O． Box 870380， Tuscaloosa， AL 35487．（ 773）702-7000．

Walt Whitman Award

A prize of ﹩5，000 is given annually for a poetry collection by a poet who has not published a book of poems in a standard edition． The winning book will also be distributed to 5，000 members of the Academy of American Poets． Submit a manuscript of 48 to 100 pages with a ﹩35 entry fee by November 1， 2019．

Academy of American Poets， 75 Maiden Lane， Suite 901， NewYork， NY10038．（ 212）274-0343．

Gabriele Rico Challenge in Creative Essay

A prize of ﹩1，333 is given annually for an essay． Using the online submission system， submit an essay of up to 5，000 words with a﹩20 entry fee， by November 1， 2019． All entries are considered for publication． Visit the website for complete guidelines．

San Jose State University， English Department， One Washington Square， San Jose， CA95192．（ 408）924-4425．

Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize

A prize of ﹩500 is given annually for a work of nonfiction that is set in Brooklyn， NewYork， and expresses the region's "rich soul and intangible （无形的） qualities through the writer's actual experiences of Brooklyn．" Submit an essay of up to 2，500 words by November 15， 2019． There is no entry fee．

Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize， P．O． Box 491， New York， NY10156．（ 207）778-7071．

1.Who has the qualification to attend the contest for the prize of﹩15，000？ ______

A. Whoever has written 3 novel books．

B. Whoever has published at least 3 books．

C. U．S． authors who've published 3 novel books．

D. U．S． writers who've written 3 poetry collections．

2.What will happen to your manuscript if you win Walt Whitman Award？ ______

A. It will be published as a book of poems．

B. It will be read by all the academy members．

C. It will be distributed to whoever likes poems．

D. It will become a book that will sell well．

3.Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize is different from the other three writing contests in that ______ ．

A. the work must be a writer's real experiences

B. its entry fee is higher

C. it has a deadline earlier than them

D. the winners have no prize money

假定你是李华，就读于某寄宿中学，常和父母用英语交流。寒假临近，你的父母计划全家一起旅游，来信征求你的意见。你给父母写封邮件说明你的建议。内容包括：

1. 出行时间；        2. 出行地点；        3. 你的期望。

注意：1. 词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dearest dad and mum,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Lihua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Hi, Tom! Very glad to learn that you’re interested in many kinds of sports activity. Since sports are important for students’ health, our school builds a large playground and a gym which there are all kinds of sports equipment. They do morning exercises every day and take P.E. classes every week. What’s more, we play a variety sports after class. Most of us enjoy playing the basketball, volleyball and table tennis. As for me, play football is my favourite. I was a member of the school football team and we practise it a lot regular. I do hope you like it, either, and we can play it together some day later.

请根据句子的意思和汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一个单词。

1.You’ re likely to realize your dream, but there’s also ________ (可能性) for you to fail even if you work rather hard.

2.One of the ________ (挑战) tasks that all governments are facing now is how to develop economy rapidly without harming the environment.

3.The great scientist did a lot of ________ (科学的) researches without stopping, finally he succeeded in finding the efficient approach to cure the disease.

4.The doctors advice has ________ (加强) my determination to get rid of the bad habit of staying up too late in the evening.

5.Recently, the government is considering a suggestion that ________ (青少年) should be banned from driving at night.

6.My cousin gave me a detailed ________ (描述) of what he had heard and seen when he came back from the sightseeing trip.

7.After working and living in Beijing for some time, the Smiths have become ________ (永久的) Beijing citizens.

8.Maria has served our family ________ (忠诚地) for a decade, and I think she is a good and honest friend of ours.

9.If your dream is to become an excellent ________ (钢琴家), wouldn’t you have rather tried and failed than not tried at all?

10.She had a hatred for her father at that time but she ________ (最后) came to understand him and his strong love for her.

11.The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art ________ (收藏品), theatres, parks and buildings.

12.George’s calmness and wisdom made a very good ________ (印象)on us, so we chose him as our group leader.

13.She went to Oxford University for her further education. ________ (同时), most of her friends got well-paid jobs.

14.“Please keep me well ________ (通知) of what happens,” he said before he hung off.

15.She was quite all right except for some minor ________ (外伤) to her face.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The story goes 1. two friends are walking through the desert. During some point of the journey they have 2. argument, and one friend beats the other one in the face.

The one is hurt, but 3. saying anything, he writes in the sand: “Today my best friend beats me in the face.”

They keep on walking 4. they find an oasis (绿洲) and they decide to take a bath. The one who5. (beat) gets stuck in the mire (泥潭) and starts to sink, but 6. (fortune) the friend saves him.

After he recovers from the near 7. (drown), he writes on a stone: “Today my best friend saves my life.”

His friend asks him, “When I hurt you, you wrote in the sand, but now you write on a stone. Why?”

He 8. (reply): “When someone hurts us, we should write it down in the sand, the winds of 9. (forgive) can rub it away. But when someone does something good to us, we must carve 10. on a stone, therefore, no wind can ever erase it.”

Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to engrave your benefits on the stone.

    Two brothers, Ruby and Harry lived in Spain. They _______ for years to buy their mom a very special Christmas present this year: a BWM 3 Series.

“Showing _______ to our beautiful Mum who’s worked so hard to _______ us everything in life,” Ruby, 30, told the media. “Compared to the _______ she has made for us over the years, this is nothing.” He said the _______ had been in the works for years.

“My mother wanted a BMW ten years ago, which we never _______,” he said. “We said that one day we would get her one and we _______ a little each week knowing one day we would be able to get her _______ car.”

Ruby and his brother Harry saved for about five years _______ they bought the car. Their mother appears ________, saying “no” over and over again as the two brothers ________ her to the garage to have a look at a silver BMW.

“She was just very surprised and couldn’t ________it,” he said. “We were sure she ________ loved it.”

They gave her the car as an early Christmas gift, but also as a ________ to say thank you. It will ________ their mom’s current one.

“She ________us two brothers and worked two jobs for most of her life to ________ us in school and give us everything we ________,” Ruby said. “We watched her go from her ________ job on Friday, get changed and ________ the weekend at a restaurant.”

He added, “Maternal love is the most selfless love under the sun and we just thought it would be nice to show how grateful we are for everything and remind ourselves that thankfulness is a virtue.”

1.A. waited    B. traded    C. saved    D. desired

2.A. concern    B. appreciation    C. respect    D. understanding

3.A. instruct    B. tell    C. promise.    D. offer

4.A. efforts    B. progress    C. opportunity    D. atmosphere

5.A. contribution    B. achievement    C. surprise    D. passion

6.A. minded    B. forgot    C. abandoned    D. witnessed

7.A. made up    B. paid off    C. worked out    D. put away

8.A. dream    B. previous    C. fixed    D. repaired

9.A. since    B. until    C. after    D. before

10.A. confused    B. satisfied    C. shocked    D. disappointed

11.A. called    B. walked    C. attracted    D. drove

12.A. believe    B. reject    C. afford    D. accept

13.A. gradually    B. unconditionally    C. eventually    D. absolutely

14.A. model    B. result    C. symbol    D. signal

15.A. replace    B. change    C. block    D. match

16.A. brought up    B. depended on    C. took in    D. gave out

17.A. leave    B. keep    C. allow    D. teach

18.A. knew    B. owned    C. listed    D. needed

19.A. well-paid    B. smartly-dressed    C. full-time    D. long-sought

20.A. work    B. enjoy    C. arrange    D. expect

Social Phobia

It is natural to feel nervous, or shy in front of others at times. Most people manage to get through these moments when they need to. 1. It’s probably more than shyness. It may build up into a powerful fear. As a result, people feel uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities. This is called social phobia (also called social anxiety).

2. It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time, joining an after-school club, or going to a party. Sometimes, they even feel too nervous to ask a question in class or go to a teacher for help. Social phobia not only prevents people from trying new things. It also prevents them from making the normal, everyday mistakes that may help people improve their skills even further

It is really sad, isn’t it? But the good news is that people with social phobia can learn to manage fear, develop confidence and communicating skills and stop avoiding things that make them nervous. Of course it’s not always easy. Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears. 3.

Therapists (治疗师) can help people create a plan for facing social fears and build the skills and confidence to overcome it. And family or friends are especially important for them. 4.They can encourage them to pick a small goal to aim for, remind them to go for it, and be there when they might feel discouraged.

Little by little, someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable. 5. As shyness and fears begin to melt, confidence and positive feelings build. Pretty soon, the person is thinking less about what might feel uncomfortable and more about what might be fun.

A. Friends can overcome their fears easily.

B. But for someone, the anxiety can be extreme.

C. They are not able to make eye contact with classmates.

D. Social phobia makes people lonely or disappointed over missed opportunities.

E. Each small step forward helps build enough confidence to take the next small step.

F. It also takes an action to go forward rather than back away when feeling shy.

G. The support from those key people helps them gather the courage to try something new.

    Thanks to exchange programmes an increasing number of young students are following educational courses in foreign countries. The Erasmus Programme, which started in 1987, is a European Union student exchange programme. It provides opportunities for young people from Europe to study in a foreign country for shot An intercontinental version of the programme, known as Erasmus Mundus, has existed since 2003, providing non-Europeans the opportunity to study in Europe.

1.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Student Exchange programmes.    B. World-wide Programmes.

C. Educational Programmes.    D. Continential Programmes.

2.What do you know from the passage?

A. Erasmus Mundus lasts for nearly 32 years up to now.

B. Beatrice Giletti went to Dublin from Rotterdam.

C. Erasmus Mundus lasts for 16 years up to now.

D. Paul Dupont studies together mostly with Italians.

3.Paul Dupont thought highly of the Erasmus Programme except ________.

A. seasons in the sun    B. a completely new life

C. living with new friends    D. the apartment heating

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A. People in the city of Naples speak many languages.

B. Beatrice’s lifestyle was greatly changed after her experience in Dublin.

C. Naples was so beautiful that Wilmie Boot loved it at the first sight.

D. If Wilmie had a choice again, she would choose no other places than Naples.

    Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on We Chat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族).

Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. a doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfe in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone, a chain of similar events eventually leads to a series of destruction.

Although the ending sounds overstated, the damage phubbing can bring is real.

Your health is the first to bear the consequence (后果) of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.

But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.

1.For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Para. 2?

A. To advertise the cartoon made by students.

B. To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.

C. To show the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.

D. To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.

2.Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may take?

A. His social skills could be affected.

B. He will cause a lot of destruction.

C. His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.

D. He might get separated from his friends and family.

3.Which of the following may be the author’s attitude towards phubbing?

A. Opposed.    B. Supportive.

C. Objective.    D. Optimistic.

4.What will the passage most probably talk about next?

A. Consequences of phubbing.    B. People addicted to phubbing.

C. Advice on how to use a cell phone.    D. Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing

    British scientists have discovered the willow trees planted at an angle could increase sugars for biofuel production.

Willow is a fast-growing species. It is already used to produce fuels for the renewable heating and power market. In future it could also help to produce biofuel to power vehicles. It has been known that when willows growing in the wild are blown sideways, they tend to produce more sugars. But for a while it has not been known why this happens.

Researchers at Imperial College London, led by Dr Nicholas Brereton and Dr Michael Ray of the Department of Life Sciences, have now solved the mystery. When the tree is blown sideways, its genes (基因) produce large numbers of sugar molecules (分子) to straighten the tree upwards.

“This is an important breakthrough. Our study now shows that natural genetic changes are related to these differences. And this could well be the key to unlocking the future for green energy from willow,” said Dr Brereton.

The research was carried out under lab conditions. The willows were grown at an angle of 45 degrees. They were compared to willows which grow naturally straight upwards. The team then looked for the same effect among the willows growing on the Isle of Orkney where strong winds cause the trees to bend at extreme angles. They discovered that the Orkney trees produce five times the amount of sugars found in willows grown in sheltered conditions.

Willow is widely planted across the UK. The results show that biofuel crops such as willows could be grown in climatically changeable conditions where chances of growing food crops are limited.

The study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels.

1.What may happen when willows are planted in strong winds?

A. They stop growing.    B. Few sugars are produced.

C. They try to grow sideways.    D. Changes in genes take place.

2.The Orkney willows ________.

A. are unusually rich in sugars    B. grow naturally straight upward

C. look taller than ordinary willows    D. are stronger than those growing in labs

3.Farmers living in changeable climate _______.

A. use biofuel for heating and power    B. are encouraged to grow biofuel crops

C. can plant different kinds of food crops    D. should make their willows grow straight

4.Where does this passage most probably come from?

A. A personal diary.    B. A travel magazine.

C. A scientific journal.    D. A newspaper advertisement.

    I first began experiencing anxiety and depression at the age of 14, after being bullied (欺凌) at school for years. While at first anxiety and depression would come and go, it eventually became a constant part of my life.

I was so eager to find the solution to overcoming my anxiety and depression that I tried everything from when I was in college to graduate school: mood-changing medication, special teas, yoga, anything I read about in books, and advice given by doctors. Despite this, I still felt I hadn’t even come close to managing the problem.

But one afternoon, my eyes fell upon an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression. The very next day, I decided to get a dog—a corgi. When I brought my little corgi, Buddy, home. I didn’t realize how much he would change my life. It didn’t happen right away, however.

Once the “puppy excitement” went away, my anxiety and depression came back as usual. One morning, I woke up with those familiar feeling again. I didn’t want to get out of bed. I turned to pull the covers back over my head and give up. That’s when I saw Buddy.

Buddy started jumping all over me, licking my face, letting me know that it was time to go outside. It was as if he were saying, “There’s no time to be sad; the world is amazing!” And for the first time in my life, my life was changing. I really was a new person. This was my new beginning.

It’s been more than a year since that day, and I’ve never spent another morning unable to get out of bed. I’ve not cried myself to sleep or spent my days stuck with fear and regret. Sure, I still have days when I feel sad or anxious. But with Buddy, my best friend, by my side, I’ve finally learned how to manage these feelings and emotions.

1.According to the first two paragraphs, the author ________.

A. has been a school bully for years

B. suffered from depression since college

C. tried many ways to fight depression but nothing worked

D. felt less depressed after taking medication and doing yoga

2.How did the author know having a dog might help with her depression?

A. a doctor put it forward to her.

B. She read it in an article by chance.

C. She heard it from some other depression sufferers.

D. She found out herself after spending some time with a corgi.

3.How does the author feel in the last paragraph?

A. hopeful    B. Anxious

C. Confused    D. Doubtful

假定你是李华。你的美国网友Eric打算寒假期间到中国来旅游。最近，他来信向你询问来中国旅游时的注意事项。请你用英语给他回封邮件。内容包括：

1. 交通工具的选择；

2. 购物付款方式；

3. 天气、饮食和住宿。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In order enrich students’ school life, many schools offer all kind of after-school activities. I think that participated in after-school activities is beneficial to students. Therefore, every the student should take part in at most one after-school activity. That you choose is up to you. Any after-school activity that actual attracts you is OK, for example, a drama. After-school activities not only helps you relieve stress, and broaden your minds. Above all, they are good with character building through time management, teamwork and strong competition.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I believe doing good deeds can bring me happiness. I’ve been making breastpins (胸针) and gifting them to everyone possible and if you ask me why I do it, it’s because 1. the joy which just bursts forth from my inner heart. The smile that lights up at the sight of the breastpin is worth anything you’d wish for and it goes much 2. (far). From that moment on, there’s a 3. (connect) between gifting breastpins and happiness.

We exchange warm hugs, smiles and a million “thank you”. This hobby that has so at- traded me has opened my heart and brought me out of my cocoon (茧). Now, I don’t mind 4. (start) a conversation with a stranger, wishing him or her well and gifting a breastpin because I know that this little piece of art will do 5. (it) magic of breaking all barriers. We unite and share many 6. (story). And next time our paths cross, we greet 7. smile, which is enough 8. (brighten) the day.

This morning, I received 9. heart-warming post on Instagram (照片墙) from a friend who I 10. (give) a blue and white spotted breastpin before. She shared it along with the shells collected from the beach. She loved sea shells and the colors blue and white. So, here’s why I make breastpins.

    People shall always unite as one big family in face of disasters. When Hurricane Harvey hit Texas, Reader’s Digest wrote about impressive rescues. The spirit of serving can be incredibly ____. Here is a story from Annalysa Longworth, a survivor of Hurricane Maria, in her own ____.

“The total 36 hours of Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico was ____ the scariest event we’ve ever gone through. Our house sits on the north-west coast of Rincon. In the ____, over 100 mph winds changed direction causing a great amount of water flooding our ____. The only place lett dry and safe was our kitchen floor, where we were ____ to ride out the rest of the storm. It has been 50 days since the ____, and we are still without power and water. During our regular afternoon showers, we are glad to ____ rainwater but are quickly reminded of the people living without roofs, and how ____ it must be for them. Our emotions are consistently in a state of ____.

Recently, our good friends told us about a video interview they were doing with Watts of Love, a solar light company. The company generously gave us a headlamp for our personal ____ and a box with 50 headlamps to distribute throughout our town. Rincon was completely blacked out so making a simple walk through a parking lot to our car is ____. We used to rush to get things done before ____, but now I continue daily chores in the dark. What ____ our lives most was being able to share this gift with others. We ____ the lamps house by house to the people in the mountains who needed them most, as even batteries and candles are ____ there. Even though ____ have come slowly, people have been out of work and can’t afford to ____ their electric bill. I, ll always be ____ to Watts of Love for allowing us to pay it forward and be witnesses to the smiles that ____ can bring.”

1.A. moving    B. terrifying    C. universal    D. necessary

2.A. methods    B. words    C. opinions    D. editions

3.A. undoubtedly    B. uncertainly    C. unsteadily    D. unluckily

4.A. system    B. history    C. recovery    D. darkness

5.A. school    B. garden    C. house    D. studio

6.A. requested    B. taught    C. forced    D. expected

7.A. performance    B. progress    C. rescue    D. storm

8.A. research    B. observe    C. apply    D. collect

9.A. awful    B. punctual    C. amazing    D. puzzling

10.A. relief    B. sympathy    C. pleasure    D. calmness

11.A. interest    B. purpose    C. attempt    D. problem

12.A. convenient    B. ridiculous    C. dangerous    D. awkward

13.A. sunset    B. schedule    C. deadline    D. daybreak

14.A. ruined    B. changed    C. proved    D. witnessed

15.A. took off    B. brought out    C. got through    D. gave away

16.A. rare    B. expensive    C. adequate    D. equal

17.A. reports    B. survivors    C. supplies    D. complaints

18.A. imagine    B. receive    C. choose    D. undertake

19.A. devoted    B. familiar    C. grateful    D. accustomed

20.A. nature    B. light    C. future    D. harvest

    How much do you know about colors? The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room. 1.

Pick the color for your room and you can create whatever you feel like. The color will also help you to enlarge the space or making it more inviting, which will also make differently all about it.

However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance. 2. Here we have presented a guide that will let you gain a deep insight about the colors.

Blue

3. For kitchen, bathrooms and bedrooms it is an ideal choice. Of course it is also associated with sadness that means it may not strike note for each and everyone. It is a popular choice among people. Blue comes from the cold side of the color wheel, so it can make the room feel cold, unless and until it is south filling space. If you are attracted to blue color, think of going for purple, or mix red and purple.

Dark blue is best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space. 4.

Green

Like blue, green is also a calm shade. 5. It is the shade that reflects nature and renewal. Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.

A. Colors can light up the mood of the room.

B. You can use it for a living room or a bedroom.

C. They won’t create similar effect and atmosphere generally.

D. Traditionally, blue is just related to calmness and comfort.

E. It is better that you select colors that are very warm like blue.

F. Dark blue will really make you feel the wall appear near to you.

G.But before diving into any decision, here’s what you need to know.

    The popular wisdom for years has been that drinking in moderation (适度)—that’s one “standard” drink a day for women and two for men-is linked to a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. But recent studies are casting some doubt on that long-held learning. Science now says it depends on your age and drinking habits.

A 2017 study of nearly 2 million British with no cardiovascular risk found that there was still a modest benefit in moderate drinking, especially for women over 55 who drank five drinks a week. Why that age? Alcohol can influence the substance in the blood in positive ways, experts say, and that’s about the age when heart problems begin to occur.

Also, a 2018 study found that drinking more than 100 grams of alcohol per week—equal to roughly seven standard drinks in the United States or five to six glasses of wine in the UK—increases your risk of death from all causes and in turn lowers your life expectancy. Links were found with different forms of cardiovascular disease, with people who drank more than 100 grams per week having a higher risk of stroke, heart failure.

Another 2018 study found that consistently drinking a moderate amount of alcohol, within recommended guidelines, had a protective effect on the heart over time. Unstable drinking habits were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, which the authors reflected might indicate broader lifestyle changes, such as poor health or stress. Former drinkers were also at greater risk.

Overall, however, the latest thinking is that any heart benefit may be outweighed by other health risks, such as high blood pressure, certain cancers and liver damage.

Women who drink are at a higher risk for breast cancer; alcohol contributes about 6% of the overall risk, possibly because it raises certain dangerous hormones in the blood. Drinking can also increase the chance you might develop liver, mouth and oral cancers. One potential reason: Alcohol weakens our immune systems, making us more likely to inflame (发炎)—a driving force behind cancer.

1.Why does moderate drinking benefit women over 55?

A. It helps them live longer than men.

B. It reduces the chance of some heart problems.

C. It destroys the harmful chemicals in their blood.

D. It helps them recover from cardiovascular disease.

2.What can we learn from paragraph 3?

A. Drinking more than 10 grams of alcohol per week is surely harmful.

B. Solid links were found between the disease and the amount of alcohol.

C. The lifespan varies according to amount of consumed alcohol.

D. Seven standard drinks are the recommended amount of drinking in the UK.

3.Who will be at a lower risk according to the 2018 study?

A. Consistent drinkers with lifestyle changes.

B. Unstable drinkers with lifestyle changes.

C. Consistent drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.

D. Unstable drinkers within recommended amount of alcohol.

4.Which can be the best title for the text?

A. Moderate drinking habits benefit the heart.

B. Moderate drinking weakens our immune systems.

C. Moderate drinking can prevent cancer.

D. Moderate drinking does more harm than good to health.

    Everything has its root. “Holiday”, is no exception. The origin of “holiday” is easy to see, coming from “holy day”, a day of particular religious significance, often celebrating the life of a saint (圣徒), during which no work was to be done. As far back as the 11th century, “holidays”, especially the major feast days, were times of “celebration and amusement”, as the Oxford English Dictionary puts it.

The number of holidays steadily increased during the Middle Ages, until a medieval Englishman would have had the luxury of 40 to 50 days a year off work, depending on where he lived, in addition to a free day on Sundays.

During the Reformation, Henry VIII abolished most of the holidays partly because of the Protestant (新教徒的) suspicion of saints, but more practically, because, according to historian Eamon Duffy, “A large number of holidays were making the people poor by limiting agriculture.” The people took a different view and organized a protest march—the Pilgrimage of Grace—partly to protect their days off.

Though at first the religious and festive senses of holiday were combined, the word gradually came to be used for any kind of relaxing break from work. As the word was drawing away from a religious society, the number of authorized holidays was reduced, until by 1834 most workers had only four official days off a year, in addition to Sundays. Many factory workers amplified this time by staying home on “Saint Monday” to recover from what they had gotten up to the day before.

By the late 19th century, employers were compromising and offering half-day Saturdays, the beginning of the “weekend”, a term first used in 1879. In 1908, an innovative mill in New England gave its employees all of Saturday off, and the practice of their getting the whole Saturday off spread widely during the Great Depression as a way to keep employment up. It took 400 years, but finally workers could enjoy as many holidays as they had in the 15th century.

1.What was the word “holiday” originally intended for?

A. Economy.    B. Entertainment.

C. Religion.    D. Politics.

2.What’s the main reason for Henry VIII’s ending most holidays according to Eamon Duffy?

A. His people required a thorough reformation.

B. He didn’t believe in God and saints.

C. People took no interest in the agriculture due to them.

D. Large numbers of holidays stood in the way of the agriculture.

3.Which can best replace the underlined word “amplified” in paragraph 4?

A. lengthened    B. wasted

C. shortened    D. guaranteed

4.When did most employees get the whole Saturday off?

A. In 1879.    B. During the Great Depression.

C. In 1908.    D. In the 15th century.

    I live a different life in every season. Life in the summertime is often full of pests. Like most Long Island homeowners, I want to ensure my suburban life with pest-free living. So it was with wide-eyed surprise that I greeted the smiling exterminator (灭虫者) who rang my bell.

“We’ll be serving your neighbors, Mike and Sarah (I’m not familiar with either one by name),” he waved in the other direction. “Since we’ll have a team here tomorrow, we’re offering a discount. ” He came out with numbers beginning from $299 then in seconds to $89.

“You’ve probably been seeing the ant hills around.” he moved toward my front walkway and lawn. “And have you seen the bees that dig nests in the ground?” he continued with his head shaking up and down pushing me to do the same.

“What we do is spray three feet out from your foundation and three feet up.” As he was talking, and without breaking eye contact, he opened his iPad cover and began operating at the screen to show me frightening images. “It also kills other pests, like spiders. tt is the best pesticide (杀虫剂),” he said, pausing for effect.

He then went into soft talk to close the deal, correctly foreseeing that I would be concerned about safety and the environmental impact on my vegetable garden, plants and our little patch of planet here on Long Island. “The products are environmentally responsible, safe with children and pets,” he said.

I’m unkind when it comes to unwanted visitors entering on my out-of-doors moments. Any insect found in my house or on my deck is bound to be poisoned or pancaked.

Unfortunately for the exterminator, just as I was considering buying the pesticide, Billy, my fearless husband, pulled into our driveway, which made me ask for a business card out of politeness instead.

1.How did the author feel at the sight of the exterminator?

A. Surprised.    B. Disappointed.

C. Puzzled.    D. Frightened.

2.What did the exterminator offer the author if she accepted his service?

A. A free pesticide.    B. A group rate.

C. An iPad for free.    D. A discount.

3.Why was the author worried about the pesticide?

A. It might cause frightening images.

B. It might harm her family and surroundings.

C. It might be too expensive for her to afford.

D. It might have no effect on unwanted visitors.

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Billy saw his neighbors cheated by the exterminator.

B. The author is sure to phone the salesman later.

C. Billy made up his mind to purchase the pesticide.

D. The author had planned to buy the pesticide before Billy appeared.

    As you know, there are many fantastic parks in New York City.

Central Park

One of the most famous parks in the world, Central Park is a man-made wonder. Not only is it the first public park built in America, but it is also one of the most frequently visited parks, with over 25 million guests per year. Set in the middle of busy Manhattan, its grounds serve as a safe harbor, not only for athletes, and musicians but also for lots of migratory birds each year. One can spend an entire peaceful day wandering its grounds, gazing upon nearly 50 fountains, monuments, and sculptures or admiring its 36 bridges.

Hudson River Park

Hudson River Park is a waterside park on the Hudson River that extends from 59th Street south to Battery Park in the New York City district of Manhattan. Bicycle and pedestrian paths, including the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway, span the park north to south, opening up the waterfront for the public to relax. The park includes tennis and soccer fields, children’s playground, dog run, and many other features.

Washington Square Park

Washington Square Park, located in the heart of Greenwich Village, is a very popular and often crowded place. People from all backgrounds gather to this large square dotted with trees.

Central Park Zoo

The Central Park Zoo is a small 6. 5-acre zoo located on Central Park in New York City. The zoo began in the 1860s, making it the first official zoo to open in New York. The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool. Finally, the zoo was repaired in the mid-1980s and reopened in 1988, replacing the old-fashioned cages with naturalistic environments.

1.Which park is set in the heart of Greenwich Village?

A. Central Park.    B. Hudson River Park.

C. Washington Square Park.    D. Central Park Zoo.

2.What can we learn about Central Park?

A. It is the first public park built in the world.

B. It is primarily a man-made park.

C. It was the most crowded park when first built.

D. It especially attracts pedestrians and artists.

3.When was the first official zoo in New York improved for the first time?

A. In1934.    B. In the 1860s.

C. In the mid-1980s.    D. In 1988.

假定你是李华，进入高中学习已近一个学期，请你写一封信给你的美国朋友Mary向她介绍你在学校的学习生活情况。主要内容包括：

1．学校的环境；

2．人际交往；

3．学习生活。

注意：1．词数100词左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。

1.We should face the ______ (real) bravely that we don’t have enough money for the project.

2.It will be two years and a half ______ you graduate from the school.

3.Work hard when you are young, ______ you will regret later in life.

4.It is said that a new robot ______ (design) by him in a few days.

5.If the opportunity ______ (arise), I’d love to go abroad for further study.

6.Soon the children in the camp had many new friends, with ______ they shared food a stories.

7.Another bridge, which ______ (build) over the river now, will be completed soon.

8.Yesterday he left for America, ______ he had visited twice before.

9.People who seldom do sports or ______ diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly.

10.To his surprise, an ______ (expect) guest is waiting for him at his house.

根据所学课文，填出下面片段中所缺单词。

Dinosaurs did out suddenly about 65 million years ago. Some scientists think it came after an unexpected 1. when a huge rock from space 2. the earth and put too much dust into the air. 3. think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.

根据所学课文，填出下面片段中所缺单词。

Over time I have been changed quite a lot. I began as a 1. machine in France in 1642. Although I was young I could 2. difficult sums. I developed very slowly and it 3. nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. After I was 4. by an operator who used cards with holes, I could “think”

5. and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was 6. a technological revolution and the start of my “7. intelligence”.

根据给出的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词，使句子意义完整，语法正确。

1.As is well known to the world, ______(暴力) is our last choice.

2.To a ______ our dream of making black and white people equal, we still have a long way to go.

3.The room d______ with a famous painting will serve as a reception hall.

4.Although they come from t______ different cultures, they get along with each other..

5.The Chinese delegation has obvious advantages in ______(体操), table tennis and other events.

6.They hold a conference every five years on a r______ basis.

7.I’m afraid I can’t afford the time, but thank you for the invitation a______.

8.The traffic policeman ______(发信号) to the driver to stop her car but she ignored it.

9.There are still many places in the world that have not been ______(探索)

10.There research center has ______(成功) in developing a new anti-virus medicine.

Since my family were not going to be helpful, I decided I would look for a job all by myself and not tell them about it till I’d got one.

I had seen an agency (中介机构) advertised in a local newspaper. I rushed out of the ________ in search of it. I was wildly excited, and also ________ as if I were going on the stage. Finding the ________ quite easily, I ran breathlessly through a door which said “Enter without knocking, if you please.”

The simple atmosphere (气氛) of the office ________ me. The woman looked carefully at me ________ through her glasses, and then ________ me in a low voice. I answered softly. All of a sudden I started to fell rather ________. I wondered why I was looking for this kind of ________. I felt even more helpless when she told me that it would be ________ to get a job without ________. I wondered ________ I ought to leave or to stay when the telephone on her desk rang. I heard her say:

“________, I’ve got someone in the ________ at this moment ________ might suit.” She wrote down a ________, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a ________ immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.”

“Oh yes,” said I, ________ having cooked for more than four in my life. I ________ her again and again, and rushed out to the_____ telephone box. I collected my thoughts, took a deep breath, and rang the number. I said confidently that I was just what she was looking for.

I spent the next few hours ________ cook books.

1.A. bed    B. house    C. agency    D. office

2.A. proud    B. pleased    C. nervous    D. worried

3.A. place    B. door    C. family    D. stage

4.A. calmed    B. excited    C. frightened    D. confused

5.A. as usual    B. for a while    C. in a minute    D. once again

6.A. advised    B. examined    C. informed    D. questioned

7.A. annoyed    B. helpful    C. hopeless    D. pleased

8.A. place    B. job    C. advice    D. help

9.A. unusual    B. helpless    C. possible    D. difficult

10.A. ability    B. knowledge    C. experience    D. study

11.A. if    B. whether    C. how    D. why

12.A. Above all    B. However    C. As a result    D. As a matter of fact

13.A. family    B. house    C. office    D. restaurant

14.A. who    B. which    C. whom    D. when

15.A. letter    B. name    C. note    D. number

16.A. cook    B. help    C. teacher    D. secretary

17.A. never    B. almost    C. nearly    D. really

18.A. answered    B. thanked    C. promised    D. told

19.A. outside    B. local    C. closest    D. nearest

20.A. borrowing    B. buying    C. reading    D. writing

    If you want to keep fit, please refer to the following;

Move More

Make it a rule to find ways to move your body. 1. Climb stairs instead of taking the elevator. Walk your dog; play with your kids. It doesn’t have to be an hour in the gym or a 45-minute dance class. But that’s great when you’re up to it. At the same time, move more.

Quit Smoking

Ever since 1960 when it was announced that smoking was harmful to health, Americans have been reducing their use of tobacco products. Just recently, we’ve seen more and more teens smoking. Could it be the Hollywood influence?

2. Take care!Warn your children against smoking.

3..

While recent studies show a glass of wine or one drink a day can help protect against heart disease, more than can cause other health problems such as liver and kidney (肝肾) disease and cancer.

Reduce Stress

Easier said than done, stress comes in many ways. 4. Spend 30 minutes a day doing something you like such as walking on the beach or in a park, read a good book, visit a friend, listen to relaxing music, and watch a funny movie.

Protect Yourself From Pollution

If you can’t live in a smog-free environment, at least avoid smoke-filled rooms, 5.. Exercise indoors in air conditioning when air quality is good.

A. Avoid Excessive Drinking

B. There are many things you can do to move your arms and legs.

C. Think carefully about what you will do.

D. Exercise outside when the smog rating is low.

E. It seems that the stars in every movie smoke cigarettes.

F. Keep a Positive Mental Outlook.

G. Some techniques given by experts are to think positive thoughts.

Robert had just moved into the street and he felt strange that he was not wanted. He knew that perhaps the other boys were trying to get an idea of what kind of a boy he was. This did not help to make him less lonely. He was new and he had to be tested. Still, proving (证明) himself would not be all that easy. He did not want to run with bad boys or get into something against the law to prove that he was strong. No! He must show what he was made of in a more helpful way. That was when he got the idea.

The next day was Saturday. He knew that most of the boys would be down on the playground and choose up sides for the Saturday game. Robert knew he could play well and just might be enough to prove he was strong--- and to make friends with them. He arrived early and did his step exercises. He shot the ball several times and did some other exercises—— the most difficult and most wonderful in basketball. Then the boys came. Robert went through what he had done before the game and showed what he could do.

No one said a word. The boys just looked at each other and thought about it. In the end, when it was all over, the biggest of the group just smiled and shook his head. Robert knew he had made it.

1.What does “This did not help to make him less lonely” mean?

A. Robert felt more lonely because the other boys wanted to test him.

B. Robert did not want himself to be less lonely.

C. Robert felt as lonely as before when the other boys tried to find out what kind of a boy he was.

D. The other boys did not want to make Robert feel less lonely.

2.Why would it not be easy for Robert to prove himself?

A. Because he was not sure if he was really strong

B. Because he was weak and was not wanted in the street

C. Because the other boys had found out what kind of a boy he was

D. Because he must choose the best one among different ways

3.When did Robert decide to prove himself by playing basketball?

A. When the other boys came down to the playground.

B. Long before he moved into the street.

C. After he had thought about the two wrong ways.

D. As soon as he showed what he was made of in front of the other boys.

1.Which of the following is NOT included in a starter pack?

A. One hundred used stamps and hinges and album pages.

B. The Collectors Club Guide to Collecting and badge and stickers.

C. The latest Collectors Club magazine and membership card.

D. Royal Mail Stamp Calendar and Collectors Corner supplement.

2.This advertisement is written for people who want to ______.

A. develop stamp collection as a hobby.

B. make money through collecting stamps.

C. get something free from the club.

D. find out where the club is located.

3.From the advertisement we can learn ______.

A. Collectors Club is among the biggest clubs in this country.

B. how much you must pay to become a member of the club.

C. today is the last day for stamp collectors to join the club.

D. members many receive a set of album pages every month.

Nowadays everybody seems to think that they know English. Many people speak it but few speak it really well. Practice is necessary in speaking English well.

Reading is also one of the things that will help you to speak English better. Read whenever you can and whatever you like! Read papers and Internet sites that you like in English every day. Then, you will see that the number of known words is increasing and you are able to speak with more skills. Then you will have made the foundations and a good basis of English. It is not good to stop and get stuck there.

Going to England or an English-speaking country is a good choice, but many people cannot afford it. If you cannot go, reading and speaking with your friends will also help you to practice your English. However, I think it is very good to visit some English-speaking country to see and test your knowledge in everyday life. You will understand the everyday usage of the language in its natural environment. There your level of English is going to improve even faster. Your ability to speak English is better. Nothing can match the excitement and happiness when a native speaker tells you that your English is very good!

Finally, in order to speak English well, you must be persistent and do it every day. It is like playing the piano. Pianists play it every day and so should you. Include English in your life and you will see where it is going. Practice, Practice! Read, write and improve your language skills and you are on your way when you will be able to speak it with more and more confidence!

1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. How to Improve Your Language Skills.

B. Speaking English.

C. How to Speak English Well

D. Practice, Practice!

2.What does the writer suggest about reading?

A. Trying to improve your vocabulary.

B. Keeping on reading when you have time.

C. Stopping when you have a good basis of English.

D. Looking up every unknown word when reading.

3.The main idea of the last paragraph is that ______.

A. we should play the piano every day

B. speaking English is fun and entertaining

C. if we’ve learned to read and write, we’ll certainly be able to speak

D. we should practice English every day to improve our speaking skills

4.According to the passage, what may make the author excited?

A. Reading papers and Internet sites.

B. Having a good basis of English.

C. Going to an English-speaking country.

D. A native speaker’s praise.