An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙).

Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. “In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States,” said the lead author John Mittermeier.

And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.

This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world’s biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.

Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, “I think there’s a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they’re not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people’s Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature.”

Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, “By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help.”

1.What have researchers found about species searches?

A. They strengthen ties among people.

B. They affect the animal movements.

C. They differ in language backgrounds.

D. They reflect animal migration seasons.

2.What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?

A. To summarize the research process.

B. To further support the research findings.

C. To show the variety of species searches.

D. To present researchers’ heavy work load.

3.How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?

A. Satisfied with Wikipedia’s service.

B. Worried about Wikipedia behavior.

C. Amazed at people’s care about nature.

D. Sad about people’s not getting close to nature.

4.Why does Richard think such search data is useful?

A. It helps to aim at conservation targets.

B. It increases interest in big data approaches.

C. It keeps track of trends in biologists’work.

D. It pushes people to solve difficult problems.

    My two- and four-year-old boys love to win, whether they’re racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It’s true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate（天生的）preference for high-ranking peoples——but only if those people aren’t hurtful toward others.

Researchers showed toddlers（aged 21 to 31 months） a scene where two puppets（木偶） approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three.

However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, “When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how.” The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.

In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four-year-old thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I’ll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.

1.What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?

A. Seek challenges all the time. B. Admire high-ranking people.

C. Take advantage of high status. D. Hurt others with offensive words.

2.Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?

A. It looked adorable. B. It behaved smartly.

C. It seemed polite. D. It was respected.

3.What can we infer from the latter study?

A. Slower people are better loved by toddlers.

B. People naturally dislike unkind behavior.

C. Toddlers care little about high social status.

D. Being helpful contributes to being supported.

4.What should we do when we encourage children to win?

A. Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.

B. Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.

C. Remind them to be considerate to other people.

D. Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.

    When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?

This question was raised after a group of penguins were saved from an icy gully（峡谷）in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope（斜坡）so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.

The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film let out a sigh of relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.

However, others think human interference（干涉） is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse,” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to The Times.

In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this... they had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope,” he told the BBC.

Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator（捕食者）situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.”

“There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you,” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail.

1.What has led to a heated media discussion?

A. People’s various remarks on penguins. B. The rescue of penguins from a gully.

C. Some penguins’ sufferings in a gully. D. Ways of filming the series Dynasties.

2.Who holds a positive attitude towards human interference?

A. Kathryn Shaw. B. Will Lawson.

C. Paul Nieklen. D. David Attenborough.

3.Which of the following best explains the word “gut-wrenching” underlined in paragraph 6?

A. Putting one in place. B. Making one confused.

C. Putting one in danger. D. Making one heartbroken.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Reasons for the Necessity of Lending a Hand to Animals

B. Suggestions on How to Protect Animals From Danger

C. Effects of Human Interference on Dangerous Animals

D. Opinions on Whether to Help Animals in Trouble or Not

Dark Sky Parks around the World

Warrumbungle National Park

Situated in the central west slopes of New South Wales is Australia’s only dark sky park, Warrumbungle. The park has served as a dark sky park since July 2016. Its crystal-clear night skies and high altitude make it a natural, educational, and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of the earth. Tourists can use Australia’s largest optical telescope within the park boundaries to view the auroras(极光)，the Milky Way, and faint shooting stars.

Sark

Sark is a Channel Island near the coast of Normandy under the protection of the UK. It was the World’s First Dark Sky Island set up in January 2011. Its historical and cultural blend attracts over 40,000 tourists annually. With no motor vehicles and public lighting on the island, there is an exceptional view of the dark skies. A rich Milky Way is visible in the dark night skies from the shores of the island.

Pic du Midi de Bigorre

Pic du Midi de Bigorre in France was designated as a dark sky park in December 2013 making it the second largest dark sky park in the world. The park covers 3.112 square kilometers spread across the Pyrenees National Park and UNESCO’s World Heritage site, Pyrenees-Mont Perdu. The park attracts over one hundred star watchers every year. The Observatory Midi-Pyrenees, which was built in 1870, is one of the world’s highest museums at a height of 2,877 meters above sea level.

Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon

Ramon Crater is a unique 1,100-square-kilometer nature reserve located in the Negev Desert in Israel. In 2017, the Ramon Crater became the first designated dark sky park in the Middle East. Its location, rough climate, and forbidding landscape that are characteristic of the Negev have largely defeated historical attempts for human settlement, making it a great place to view the night skies. Stargazers usually camp in the desert to have an uninterrupted view of the stars, planets, and the Milky Way.

1.Which park serves as a heritage site for astronomy?

A. Sark.

B. Pic du Midi de Bigorre.

C. Warrumbungle National Park.

D. Ramon Crater/Makhtesh Ramon.

2.What do we know about Sark from the passage?

A. Not a single car runs there.

B. It was an island belonging to Normandy.

C. The Milky Way can only be seen there.

D. Visitors like to stay on the island in groups.

3.What makes it difficult for humans to live in Ramon Crater?

A. High altitude. B. The large area.

C. Geographical conditions. D. Cultural features.

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。

Children form opinions about drugs and alcohol at a very early age. Even four and five year olds have definite opinions about alcohol. Preschoolers, because of the commercials(商业广告) they see on TV, often think that alcohol helps people have more fun and be better athletes! Images of alcohol are everywhere in our society—consumption of alcohol is represented twice per hour in daytime shows, and three times in an average evening program. Also, posters about alcohol can be seen on buses, at underground stations, in streets and so on.

Despite the wide spread of alcohol in our society, and the problems that can be connected with it, many parents feel uncomfortable when talking about alcohol with their children, or are not sure when and how to start. Many parents believe that teenage drinking is something that their children would never be involved in.

Unfortunately, teenage drinking is very common in North Dakota. In a statewide survey of adolescents in junior and senior high school, only 24% claimed to have never consumed alcohol. When asked about their drinking in the past 30 days:

•61% adolescents reported drinking

•42% drank five or more drinks in a row

•17% reported binge(大吃大喝) drinking

•4.2% reported driving and drinking

Other research on rural youth in North Dakota has found that about 10% of a sample of fifth and sixth graders were engaged in frequent drinking. Teenagers who reported alcohol use (especially those who began use in late elementary school and junior high school) were more likely to be depressed, feel less positive about both their family and friends, and have poorer grades.

Research has found that children and even teenagers turn to their parents in making decisions about important things in their life. Decisions about using alcohol are undoubtedly something that parents will want to provide guidance about. So it’s high time that parents should talk to children about alcohol seriously.

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假定你是李华，你的美国外教Tom 在你校任教期间，帮助学校组建了英语俱乐部，增强了英语学习的氛围。现在，他三年任期已满准备回国。请你代表学校给他写一封信，内容包括:

1. 对其所作工作表示感谢；2.  表达继续保持联系的愿望；3. 欢迎他再次来中国。

注意:1.词数 80 左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours truly,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cell phones can be life-saving communication tools to have on hand in a vehicle in case of emergency. 1., actually using a cell phone while driving may be life threatening. Many different studies  have shown that when drivers use a phone while driving, it can be very 2.( danger). At some point during the use of a cell phone, a driver’s eyes are sure to be distracted from the road.

Studies have shown that new drivers are  especially likely 3.(have) an accident when they use a cell phone while driving. The reason for this is4.new drivers have less experience in focusing 5.driving during distractions. Also, several studies 6.(do) on teen drivers found  that  many  teens  send text 7.(message) while driving, which is thought to be more distracting and at risk.

All drivers, not just teens or other new drivers, who use a cell phone while driving 8.(say) by studies to be at least four times9.(much) likely to be at risk than drivers who don't use a phone behind the wheel. Such studies have inspired many countries, 10.(include) the United States, to have at least some bans on hand-held cell phone use while driving. However, many people feel that these restrictions are not enough because studies have also shown that hand-held cell phones are just a part of the problem.

    On the night of August 24, 2001, everything changed when my friend’s car hit a wall with me inside. I lost most of my right ______, and I was left bleeding with several broken bones. _____, my mind was still   very clear in the hospital. I just kept telling myself to _____  and I _____  with the doctors that once I could  roll onto my side, I would leave. They agreed. Two weeks later, I was___ to go home.

__ I left the hospital, the fight was far from over. My left knee was badly injured, which___  different surgeries(外科手术) over the next few years. And soon, more of my right leg had to be___ . This made it harder to wear my false leg, so I donated it to a nurse who couldn’t ____ one for herself,   from___ I gained greater happiness than the joy I felt on any day I was able to wear it myself.

People often  tell me  they’re ______ of me for staying  strong.  But in  my mind,  I can do _____  but stay strong. So, on the ______  I left the hospital, I made a promise to myself to  ______  live life to the fullest.  I soon ____ everyday life again, until one day I realized I wasn’t living  my life as ____  as I wanted to.   After 13 years of thinking I was confident,___ , I knew I should help people around me.

In 2014, I even started modeling. My dream is that one day a little girl will see me in a magazine and say, ―Wow, she’s___ , and she had only one leg. I could do that too some day, even though I have a __ . My dream is simple, to___ people to believe they are beautiful the way they are.

1.A. feet B. knee C. leg D. arm

2.A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Thus

3.A. keep on B. stick to C. insist on D. hold on

4.A. consulted B. argued C. debated D. required

5.A. asked B. allowed C. admitted D. applied

6.A. Because B. When C. Although D. As

7.A. took place B. resulted in C. came about D. brought in

8.A. repaired B. rebuilt C. recovered D. removed

9.A. afford B. make C. borrow D. lose

10.A. it B. her C. whom D. which

11.A. fond B. proud C. aware D. sick

12.A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something

13.A. moment B. minute C. hour D. day

14.A. always B. almost C. also D. already

15.A. took on B. set up C. got over D. settled into

16.A. richly B. easily C. comfortably D. fully

17.A. at first B. for the first time C. for a while D. once in a while

18.A. ambitious B. brave C. beautiful D. determined

19.A. talent B. disability C. problem D. doubt

20.A. force B. hope C. inform D. inspire

    Self-confidence is defined as a feeling of trust in one’s abilities, qualities, and  judgment. 1. Whether you apply for a promotion in work or sign up for a cooking class, believing in yourself is the key to putting yourself out there. However, not all people are born confident.2.

Stop comparing yourself to others. Whether you compare how you look to your friends on Facebook or you compare your salary to your friend’s income, comparisons aren’t healthy. Researchers found that people who compared themselves to others, experienced envy.3. It can be a terrible cycle. When you notice you are drawing comparisons, remind yourself that doing so isn’t helpful. Everyone is running their own race and life isn’t a competition.

4. . It’s hard to feel good about yourself if you’re abusing your body. Skimping on sleep, eating an unhealthy diet, and lacking exercise will do harm to your well-being. Studies consistently show physical activity boosts confidence. A 2016 study published in Neuropsychiatric Disease  and  Treatment found  that regular physical activity improved participants’ body image. And when their body image improved, they felt more confident.

Embrace (拥抱) self-doubt. Sometimes, people put off doing things—like inviting someone on a date or applying for a promotion—until they feel more confident. But sometimes, the best way to gain confidence is by doing.5.. That doesn’t mean you shouldn’t prepare or practice, of course. If you have a big speech coming up, practice in front of your friends and family so you’ll gain some confidence. But don’t wait until you feel 100 percent confident before you proceed. You might never get there.

A. If you’re afraid you’ll embarrass yourself or you think that you’re going to mess up, try it anyway.

B. Take care of your body.

C. Embracing a little self-doubt might actually help you perform better.

D. And the more envy they experienced, the worse they felt about themselves.

E. Take regular physical exercise.

F. Fortunately, there are things you can do to gain your self-confidence.

G. Having self-confidence can help you become successful in your personal and professional life.

    Measles(麻疹) is only found in human beings. There is a highly effective and safe vaccine(疫苗) for the disease. So, in theory, measles could be destroyed.

Yet the number of measles cases is on the rise.

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that, in the first three months of 2019, the number of cases is three times higher than it was last year. Africa alone has had a 700 percent increase compared to last year.

The Democratic Republic of Congo reported 67,000 measles cases and 901 measles-related deaths in 2018. This year, WHO officials have noted more than 40,000 suspected measles cases in the country. That number includes 284 measles-related deaths in the first weeks of 2019. Between September 2018 and February 2019, Madagascar reported over 67,000 measles cases, including 828 deaths.

Dr. Fauci, who directs the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease in the USA, said that―one in 10 children who get infected with measles will get an ear infection that could cause deafness. One in 20 would get pneumonia. One in a thousand would get brain swelling, and one to three per thousand would die. To say that measles is a slight disease is completely incorrect.

Walter Orenstein is with the Emory University Vaccine Center in Atlanta, Georgia. He has spent his life working to end measles. Orenstein says possible effects of the disease are worse in poor countries. ―In those countries children are already at greater risk. They may be malnourished(营养不良的). They may have damaged immune systems. They may be underweight and may have no access to health care so measles is a big killer, he said.

You have a 90 percent chance of getting measles if you have not been vaccinated and you come in contact with someone who has it. Dr. Rebecca Martin is the Director of the Center for Global Health at the

U.S. Centers for Disease Control. She is working to remove measles from Africa completely.  ―It is very infectious. It will find nearly everybody who is not protected against measles, Martin said.

Health experts advise patients to get two treatments of the measles vaccine. U.S. health officials say educating parents about both the disease and the vaccine is an important step in stopping the spread. Equally important is making vaccination a top goal of health systems worldwide.

1.The writer shows the sharp increase in measles cases by .

A. giving examples B. listing figures

C. analyzing causes D. following time order

2.The following are the possible results of measles except .

A. an ear infection B. pneumonia

C. brain swelling D. being underweight

3.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A. You are sure to get measles if you have not been vaccinated.

B. It is safe to come in contact with someone who has measles.

C. Parents should be educated about both the disease and the vaccine.

D. Making vaccination a goal of health systems is only necessary in Africa.

4.The purpose of the text is to .

A. show the serious situation of measles

B. prove measles could be destroyed

C. describe the result of the research on measles

D. warn us of the causes of measles

    Tim Ma's parents came to the United States from Taiwan in the 1970s. They opened a restaurant. It was not a success. They found success in America, however, in computers and engineering. In part because of their own experiences, Ma's parents hoped he would study to become an engineer or doctor. They wanted financial security for their child.

Growing up, Ma considered many professions – writer, fireman, even president. But he had a sense early on... ―I didn't want to  be an engineer. However, Ma did well in math and science classes in high school and he ended up choosing to study electrical engineering in college.

Several engineering jobs later, though, Ma had a change of heart. He wanted to leave the engineering world behind and enter the restaurant business. It was in his blood. After all, his parents had owned a Chinese restaurant in Arkansas. His uncle also owned one in New York.

His parents, Ma says, could not understand why he would want to leave such a good job to open a restaurant. They had worked long hours but their own restaurant still failed. They kept asking, ―Why?

But Ma remained certain. He was going to do things differently than his parents. He was able to learn from their one major mistake as restaurant owners – they knew very little about the art of cooking. So, at age 30, Ma left engineering and returned to school – cooking school.

Ma soon learned that he enjoyed cooking. In 2009, Ma opened his first restaurant in Virginia. It is called Maple Avenue. At Maple Avenue, Ma cooked, cleaned the ovens, fixed equipment and paid bills. He worked long hours, seven days a week. His long hours paid off. Ma opened his fourth restaurant last year, Kyirisan in Washington, D.C.

Kyirisan's success is due to the creative menu and food, Ma says. But mostly it just comes from completely hard work. ―I think in this country you can create your own success, just by working hard. Not because you're smarter than anybody, not because you're more creative than anybody, just by working hard. And I think that's why a lot of people end up coming to America.

1.Why did Ma’s parents want him to become an engineer or doctor?

A. Their family had found success in engineering for generations.

B. They were tired of running a restaurant.

C. They thought it financially secure to be an engineer or doctor.

D. They wanted him to try a career different from theirs.

2.Why do a lot of people come to America?

A. They can learn many things. B. They can run their business creatively.

C. They can choose jobs freely. D. They can succeed through hard work.

3.What can be the best title for the text?

A. A suitable job B. Follow your heart

C. A successful business D. Create your own business

    A dog found swimming more than 220 kilometers off the coast of Thailand has been returned safely to land.

Late last week, workers on an oil rig(钻井平台) noticed the animal, all alone, in the water. It began swimming toward the side of the rig. The dog was able to get itself onto a solid area.

He appeared cold, tired and fearful. The workers lowered a rope and secured it around the dog. Then, they worked together to pull the animal up to safety.

The crew that found the dog quickly gave their new friend a name: Boonrod. The name means something similar to ―one who survives in a disaster in the Thai language.

One of those workers was Vitisak Payalaw. He has been providing updates on Boonrod on his Facebook page. He said it was lucky that the crew noticed the dog in the water. If there had been waves, he said, the animal would not have been seen.

No one knows how Boonrod ended up all alone at sea, or how long he had been out there. But Vitisak and others have guessed the animal might have fallen off a fishing boat.

On Monday, Boonrod arrived on dry land. A team of animal doctors was waiting for him in the southern Thai province of Songkhla. Workers at the Songkhla port also welcomed the dog with neck rubs and a special ―welcome necklace made of yellow flowers. Many people took pictures with Boonrod.

Vitisak wrote on Facebook, ―Today (April 15), a ship transporting the dog arrived onshore at around 10.am. His overall condition has improved. He is getting stronger and can smile.

The dog is now in the care of an animal doctor in Songkhla. The animal protection group Watchdog Thailand said he is in good condition and getting stronger. On Tuesday, the group published pictures of Boonrod getting washed — and getting plenty of love and attention.

Vitisak says that if no one claims Boonrod as their pet, he will take him with him to his home in northeast Thailand.

1.What does the dog’s name ―Boonrod mean?

A. Good luck. B. Love. C. Welcome. D. Survivor.

2.What can we learn from the text?

A. The dog was not in good condition when discovered.

B. The waves helped the workers discover the dog.

C. The dog had been at sea for a very long time.

D. The dog had fallen off a fishing boat.

3.Who is attending the dog now?

A. .Vitisak Payalaw. B. A worker on the rig.

C. An animal doctor. D. Watchdog Thailand.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1.How did the speaker get the information?

A. Over the radio. B. From car makers. C. From the newspaper.

2.How many cars will be on the roads by 2025?

A. 560 million. B. 516 million. C. 140 million.

3.What is a major problem caused by cars?

A. The increasing cost. B. The road accidents. C. The air pollution.

4.What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A. Major road accidents in the country.

B. Problems cars have brought to the country.

C. The balance between car buyers and car makers.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What does the man plan to do this summer?

A. Sit about at home. B. Take a job. C. Take some interviews.

2.What is Alice related to the woman?

A. Her sister. B. Her neighbor. C. Her cousin.

3.What did Alice have to do for the Browns?

A. Take care of the pets. B. Look after the children. C. Grow plants around the house.

4.What did the woman do this morning?

A. She attended an interview.

B. She had fun with a group of friends.

C. She rang the Student Employment Office.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.How does the woman feel at first?

A. Unhappy. B. Excited. C. Tired.

2.What does the man say about the woman?

A. She should lose weight. B. Her hair is in a mess. C. Her clothes are nice.

3.What will the woman probably do next?

A. Buy a dress. B. Wear jeans to the party. C. Have a talk with her mum.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What are the speakers doing?

A. Having a class. B. Going over their lessons. C. Having a test.

2.Where is Queensland?

A. In Canada. B. In Britain. C. In Australia.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.From whom did the woman know the man likes watching movies?

A. The man’s brother. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s sister.

2.What will the man do this weekend?

A. Visit his brother. B. Go to the movies. C. Listen to classical music.

Where is the No.1 Hospital?

A. Across from a bank. B. On Zhongshan Street. C. At the end of 5th Street.

Why does the man refuse the woman?

A. His car just broke down. B. He’ll use his car. C. She can’t drive.

What does the boy’s new history teacher look like?

A. She has red hair. B. she is tall. C. She is quite short.

When will the boy go to bed?

A. At 9:40. B. At 9:50. C. At 10:10.

What does the man do?

A. An artist. B. A house painter. C. A cleaner.

假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom看到你在微信上分享了学校最近举行的主题为“建造绿色家园”的植树活动，发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你用英语回复邮件，内容包括:

1.活动情况简介；

2.活动的意义。

注意:1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每处中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last term our class hold a meaningful activity which required us to form the good habit in100 days.I paired up with my deskmate.First，we discussed what habit that we would develop. All of us agreed to read for half an hour each day.Then we made a list of the books we were interested.From then on，we managed to spare half an hour every day to reading books，how busy we were.Besides，we took a lot of notes and often exchanged idea.In the end，we accomplished our goal of reading for 100 days.How proudly we were! More importantly，due to the activity，reading books have become an essential part of our life.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many kids love to listen to music and dance.But for children with special medical needs，  joining in a 1. (tradition)dance class can be difficult.

Thanks  2. physical therapist(治疗师)Kellie Lightfoot，young people in Northeast Ohio have the benefit of a special program called Dance Unlimited:Lightfoot founded the program at Akron Children’s Hospital in 2012.It gives kids aged four and up a chance 3. (dance)while still getting the benefits of physical therapy.

Dance goes beyond meeting the kids’physical needs.During class，they meet other kids，  build  4.(confident)，and make friends，which help a lot in treating their diseases.

The students have two big public performances each year.At a recent performance in Akron，the dancers’hard work 5. (pay)off on stage，allowing them to shine in front of people.

Lightfoot， 6. started dancing before the age of three，is working hard to help children  with special needs.“I just always wanted to combine the two things that I love，and I feel like  this is 7. I am meant to do，”she said.

Getting all of the kids 8. (involve)in the class requires a team，which 9. (make) up of therapists，dancers，and ordinary people.They all act as dance assistants so that all of the  children can join in.

Lightfoot hopes to expand Dance Unlimited so that more kids with physical problems can  10. (possible)reach their full potential.

    Two years ago，my friend and I were at college.With his birthday quickly _______ ，he came to me with an unusual _______ :instead of receiving presents，he wanted to do some acts of kindness.

I was _______ with such all idea._______ instead of taking for the birthday was really different.I asked him how he could come up with such a  _______ idea.He told me about a TED talk he had watched on generosity.which had _______ him.So we started to _______ creative things we could do.

Our university employed some security guards to  _______ its students.They have to work _______ ，keeping watch on every corner throughout the university. For the most part it's a thankless job as most people grow  ________ to seeing the guards all around and eventually barely notice their ________ ，let alone acknowledge their efforts.How could we show them our appreciation?

We decided to make a large pot of hot ________ .We hired a Uber and asked the driver to take us around the campus where we knew the  ________ would be and we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate.The Uber driver was  ________ a bit doubtful to the entire plan but after a while he was helping us ________ the guards and our lively spirit had ________ to him as well.We were met with many ________ and appreciative words.It was amazing to see how a ________  act or even intention of generosity can lift everyone’s spirit.

I now realize that special energy is created when you choose to think bigger than yourself and act in ________ of others. You’ll find it's actually the greatest ________ you’never get，especially when it’s your birthday.

1.A. ending B. passing C. advancing D. approaching

2.A. order B. request C. problem D. story

3.A. struck B. blessed C. burdened D. bored

4.A. Refusing B. Earning C. Giving D. Donating

5.A. traditional B. complex C. familiar D. novel

6.A. controlled B. supported C. inspired D. rewarded

7.A. plan out B. take over C. watch for D. hold back

8.A. judge B. help C. monitor D. protect

9.A. step by step B. around the clock C. more or less D. now and then

10.A. addicted B. devoted C. attached D. accustomed

11.A. presence B. hunger C. poverty D. thirsty

12.A. tea B. milk C. porridge D. chocolate

13.A. workers B. students C. guards D. drivers

14.A. finally B. initially C. occasionally D. frequently

15.A. remind B. track C. spot D. recognize

16.A. spread B. moved C. happened D. returned

17.A. friends B. difficulties C. greetings D. smiles

18.A. similar B. small  C. daily D. modest

19.A. service B. place C. charge D. memory

20.A. 1esson B. attention C. gift D. care

    I wouldn’t be the person I am today if I never traveled.Traveling has given me tons of great lessons that I’ll never forget.

1.Appreciating another culture

Learning about another culture in school is one thing，but actually experiencing it is another._______ You can visit art museums，watch landmarks，or just stop at a café. Before you know it，you’ll pick up on local customs or fall in love with unfamiliar foods.

2.The pleasure of unplugging from social media

Social media takes up a lot of our time and it's really distracting and even damaging.So for me，when I travel I love the fact that I'm often cut off from any Internet.I stop caring about what others are doing and instead focus on having fun. _______

3.Exploring your capability(能力)

_______ It brings the best out of you.As a shy person.I feel a sense of pride when I make friends with complete strangers or talk in broken foreign languages.Travelling has truly changed me in the best way.Now，whatever happens，I’m capable of meeting the challenge !

4.Patience

I have never taken a vacation where nothing goes wrong.I ever lost my luggage，got hopelessly confused with directions，and waited 5 hours on a train that broke down mid journey._______ Unexpected things can happen at any moment.The accidents traveling throws your way teaches you to be more patient with your everyday problems.

5.The world isn’t as scary as you think

If you watch the news as much as I do, it's easy to start thinking that the entire world is a scary，dangerous place.___5___ But in general，the average country is just as safe as the one you live in now.Why let your fear prevent you?

A. Travelling is a transforming experience.

B. Life doesn’t always go according to plan.

C. Travelling，however，let’s us stop and enjoy the moment.

D. The world is a giant place，and we each just make up a tiny part of it.

E. I find a life behind a screen can never compare with a life being lived fully.

F. It’s important when travelling to keep your wisdom and take special precautions.

G. Traveling exposes you to people and lifestyles quite different from those back at home.

    For the first time ever scientists prepare to set about a 3-year-long project，the Nekton  Mission，to explore the Indian Ocean and document changes taking place beneath the waves that could affect the surrounding region over the coming decades.

The ambitious exploration team will reach one of the last major unexplored frontiers on the  planet，a vast body of water that’s already feeling the effects of global warming with rising water temperatures damaging its coral reefs(珊瑚礁).Understanding the Indian Ocean’s ecosystem is important not just for the species that live in it，but also for the 2.5 billion people living in the region.

The Nekton Mission is supported by more than 40 organizations.Researchers will spend  seven weeks surveying underwater life，map the sea floor，and drop sensors(传感器)to depths of up to 6，560 feet in the seas around the Seychelles.

The Seychelles aims to become a leader in the development of a“blue economy”that draws on the resources of the ocean.It relies on fishing and tourism，but has lately also been exploiting oil and gas from beneath the sea floor.“Our ocean is undergoing rapid ecological transformation by human activities.The Nekton Mission is vital to help us better know our ocean space and resources to make wise decisions.Only when we know what we have in the ocean and what is its value call we properly decide what to exploit and what to leave untouched，”said Jumeau，the Seychelles’ambassador to the UN.

The mission will conduct further dives in other parts of the Indian Ocean over three years.The researchers expect to discover new species and send videos to the world by satellite.The research will provide information for a summit(峰会)about the Indian Ocean planned for late 2021.

1.Why do the scientists plan to explore the Indian Ocean?

A. To save the endangered creatures living in the sea.

B. To discover the damage mankind has done to the ocean.

C. To make the best use of the natural resources in the sea.

D. To protect its species and people living around the region.

2.Which is not included in the tasks to be carried out around the Seychelles?

A. Drawing maps of the sea floor. B. Finding treasures under the sea.

C. Putting sensors into the deep sea. D. Studying underwater life.

3.What can be learned about the Nek-ton Mission?

A. It will extend beyond the Indian Ocean.

B. It will benefit a lot from“blue economy”.

C. It will contribute to the 2021 conference.

D. It will find solutions to global warming.

4.What can be a suitable title fur the text?

A. Scientists Are to Explore the Indian Ocean

B. The Seychelles Aims to Build a“Blue Economy”

C. Effects of Global Warming on Marine Ecosystem

D. Indian Ocean:the Last Unexplored Frontier on the Planet

    There are about 6，500 languages spoken throughout the world，but about half of them are in danger of disappearing.

One of the primary causes driving language loss is that support for language communities drastically varies.While some languages are recognized by governments and taught in schools，the majority go unrecognized，unsupported，and untaught，leaving communities ill-equipped to pass their languages on to future generations.Tsakonian，a“dialect(方言)”in Greece，has declined to the point that only 100 speakers remain.

When a language disappears，many other things can go away as well.For example，parts of a community’s culture，knowledge and identity can also be lost.

One organization seeking to save world languages is Wikitongues，which was founded as a school project by Daniel Bogre Udell in 2012，when he began recording short oral histories in New York to explore the city’s rich cultural diversity with the simple idea:tell me about yourself or your home in your native language.When he posted the videos online，the channel quickly got wide attention.

There are currently over 400 languages and dialects represented on Wikitongues’channel and more than 1，500 people from 70 different countries have added videos to it.But that’s far from enough.The organization seeks to serve as an Internet resource to keep as many languages as possible alive.Udell believes they can make it happen.“There are many examples of languages that disappeared but later returned to use.Hebrew went extinct in the 4th century BC，and was revived(恢复)in the 1800s.Now once again，it's the mother tongue of half of the world’s Jewish population，”said Udell.

1.What can be inferred about Tsakonian in Greece?

A. It’s hard to speak and understand.

B. It will definitely die out in the future.

C. It’s not allowed to speak in Greece.

D. It lacks recognition and support.

2.What effect may be brought by the extinction of languages?

A. Harming future generations. B. Reducing cultural diversity.

C. Preventing daily communication. D. Changing school projects.

3.What’s the purpose of Wikitongues?

A. To support people in saving their languages.

B. To revive languages that have disappeared.

C. To record enough short oral histories.

D. To explore the world’s rich cultures.

4.What does Udell want to tell us by giving Hebrew as an example in the last paragraph?

A. All extinct languages will be brought back to life.

B. It’s possible to prevent languages from dying out.

C. More languages will be presented on Wikitongues’channel.

D. Hebrew has become one of the most popular languages in the world.

    Children in rural areas of Cambodia often suffer from or even die of preventable illnesses because there is not any soap available.

In 2014，Samir Lakhani，an American college student，saw the issue while volunteering in a Cambodian village.“I remember quite vividly a mother bathing her newborn baby with laundry powder，which is so harmful to the skin，”said Lakhani.“It’s difficult for rural Cambodians to access soap.First is affordability.If you earn only$1.50 every day，you won’t spend $1 on a bar of soap.Then comes access.The demand is so low that local shops don’t stock soap.The last reason，because many Cambodians don’t really understand where diseases come from，they don’t know how to prevent them，including using soap.”

After figuring out a solution to the problem:the barely-used soap in hotels，Lakhani started asking hotels to donate leftover soap.“They were all eager to help，”he explained.

Lakhani registered Eco-Soap Bank shortly afterwards.Soon，he received enough funds to hire disadvantaged Cambodian women to collect and reproduce the used soap.

Today，the organization has four recycling centers across the country，providing jobs to 35 local women.And so far，some 174，000 bars of soap have been donated，about 24，000 pounds of soap has been recycled，and hygiene(卫生)has been improved for about 661，000 people.“We are killing three birds with one stone，”Lakhani said.

When it comes to the future of Eco-Soap Bank，Lakhani said，“We’ve just scratched the surface.Lack of hygiene is not something unique to Cambodia.The demand for improved hygiene in the developing world is huge，and much remains to be done.We’re looking at seven countries to expand to in the near future.”

1.Which of the following is not mentioned as the reason why rural Cambodians don’t use soap?

A. Poverty. B. Inaccessibility. C. Unawareness. D. Tradition.

2.What does the underlined part“killing three birds”in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. Saving soap，curing diseases and providing education.

B. Stopping pollution，proving jobs and inspiring donation.

C. Reducing waste，providing employment and improving health.

D. Recycling waste，helping charity and improving community hygiene.

3.What can we infer about Eco-Soap Bank?

A. It won’t be long before it expands to the whole world.

B. There’s little it can do without other countries’assistance.

C. It will make greater contributions to the developing world.

D. It will soon settle the problem of poor hygiene in Cambodia.

4.What does the text mainly talk about?

A. Eco-Soap Bank helps improve hygiene.

B. Cambodian women have a bright future.

C. A US young man calls for helping poor countries.

D. Lack of hygiene remains a serious problem in the world.