A Colorado pair brings new meaning to the word “determination”. When one couldn’t walk and the other couldn’t see, they___ up to share their love of the great outdoors.

Melanie Knecht has to use a wheelchair to get around due to born spina bifida (脊柱裂). Trevor Hahn only recently became blind after he____ an eye disease five years ago. Both living in Fort Collins,  Colorado, the two met  at an adaptive  boxing  class  — and they  soon_____ each  other again at  an adaptive rock-climbing class.

They immediately____ over Knecht’s lifelong hobby of camping and Hahn’s passion for outdoor  sports. When she told him about her recent trip to Easter Island,  where she got the __________  to be carried  on another person’s back, an unusual idea___ to her.

______his  lost sight, he’d been able to scale a Himalayan peak, using poles and _______  directions from his companions.

They started small, but next month—with her vision and his____—they will trek to the top of a 14,000-foot mountain.

“It just seemed like common sense. He’s the legs, I’m the eyes!____, we’re the dream team.” said Knecht.

At the start of  each hike, a friend lifts Knecht ________  a carrier on  Hahn’s back. From that point on, she gives him oral directions to___ the way.

Hahn said, “It made me so happy to help someone experience what I’ve been able to experience my whole life. The___ part is being able to make her smile—that gives me_____.”

In addition to this sense of purpose, the two share an understanding of how___ it can be asking able-bodied or sighted people for assistance in everyday life. They get immeasurable______ from being able to do this on their own.

While the two accept that others___ what they’ve been able to do, they’re not looking for___ —they just want others to encourage inclusive and adaptive___ for their friends with disabilities. Don’t___ them because you think they won’t be able to do something.

1.A.rose B.made C.teamed D.ended

2.A.contracted B.cured C.spread D.diagnosed

3.A.learned from B.ran into C.corresponded with D.separated from

4.A.handed B.argued C.got D.bonded

5.A.opportunity B.competence C.permission D.honour

6.A.happened B.stuck C.took D.occurred

7.A.On account of B.In spite of C.On top of D.In view of

8.A.spoken B.opposite C.confusing D.gesturing

9.A.optimism B.strength C.guidance D.wisdom

10.A.Hopefully B.Instead C.Together D.Similarly

11.A.over B.up C.off D.into

12.A.get B.make C.lead D.smooth

13.A.best B.mere C.initial D.last

14.A.relief B.courage C.reward D.purpose

15.A.convenient B.difficult C.ridiculous D.essential

16.A.suffering B.wealth C.satisfaction D.improvement

17.A.appreciate B.oppose C.dismiss D.advocate

18.A.criticism B.attention C.praise D.curiosity

19.A.adventures B.assessments C.behaviors D.solutions

20.A.convince B.exclude C.desert D.approach

—Linda, would you like to come and taste the dishes I have cooked?

—Don’t ______. You even don’t know how to fry an egg.

A.rain cats and dogs B.pull my leg C.be all ears D.be all thumbs

—Your little brother is watering the flowers! Why?

—Well, I’m not feeling very well today—otherwise I ______ it myself.

A.did B.would be doing C.had done D.would have done

—Why didn’t you attend the meeting yesterday?

—Well I ______ anything about that.

A.didn't tell B.haven't told C.hadn't been told D.haven't been told

Daniel has undertaken to keep the secret, so he won’t tell anyone even though ______.

A.asked to keep B.to be asked C.to ask D.asked to

There have  been widely differing ______ in the newspapers about the explosion of the chemical works.

A.revisions B.versions C.dimensions D.editions

—Mr. Robert, I’d like to take a gap year to volunteer for a global anti-Aids campaign.

—That’s great, ______ you can afford the time.

A.provided that B.in case C.even if D.so that

In order for the experiment to be valid, it is ______ to record the data accurately.

A.essential B.confidential C.potential D.definite

We can judge one’s character by ______ he treats whoever can do nothing for him.

A.that B.what C.how D.when

If you ______ yourself to something unpleasant, you calmly accept that it will happen.

A.commit B.transfer C.apply D.resign

The  Belt  and Road Forum, ______ about 1000 experts have attended, focuses on the goal of promoting common development and prosperity.

A.where B.when C.that D.which

Do not sign any agreement until you ______ a lawyer or some other knowledgeable person to read it.

A.will ask B.have asked C.are asking D.will have asked

Unless you are content with what you have, you would not be satisfied even if it ______.

A.is doubled B.would be doubled C.will be doubled D.were doubled

Our company suffered a continuous loss due to poor management. Hopefully the new director is able  to ______ our failing business.

A.take over B.keep down C.turn around D.set aside

Some   experts  believe  that  the students,  once ______ to computer games, will probably lose opportunities of progressing.

A.addicting B.addicted C.having addicted D.being addicted

5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility ______ the conventional 4G.

A.in charge of B.in contrast to C.in defense of D.in proportion to

假定你是李华，你的美国笔友打算参加湖南卫视举办的 “汉语桥”大赛，请根据以下内容用英语给写一封信，介绍相关情况。

主要内容：

1. 报名时间：5月31号以前 。

2. 举办时间：9月10号 。

3. 参赛人员：非本土汉语使用者。

4. 比赛内容：汉语听、说、读、写能力、中国传统知识文化和技能。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。

Dear Jim,

How are you recently?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

There are several ways improve our English writing kills, such as keeping a diary, learning some good writings with heart, doing a lot of reading, ect. As for me, I prefer keeping a diary. Comparing with other forms of writing, keeping a diary is easier and take less time. Beside, it can help us form the habit of thinking in English. If we can keep this practice, and we will gradually learn how to express us in English. What’s more, keeping a diary can be like talking about one of our close friend, sharing our happiness or sadness. In the word, keeping a diary is a good way of improving our written English.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Windsor Castle is surrounded by a lot of green gardens in the English countryside. It looks out onto the River Thames and sits next 1. a hunting ground. It was built just outside of London 2. (protect) the capital from the enemies on the west side.

Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest castle 3. (occupy) in the world. The castle has a long, rich and troubled history. 4. the castle walls could talk, they’d have many stories to tell.

Kings were born and 5. (die) here. It’s been used as the home of kings and queens for centuries. However, it was also used as a prison during the English Civil War II, the royal family 6.(secret) slept at Windsor Castle because it was safer than London’s urban areas.

Today, Windsor Castle is the private home of Queen Elizabeth II. When she doesn’t meet guests at Buckingham Palace, she goes to Windsor Castle. 7. that’s not all. Windsor Castle is open to the public. It is now one of England's most popular tourist 8. (attract). Visitors can look at some of the finest artworks, 9. (include) the paintings of Rembrandt as well as the well-kept gardens. Is there a better way to learn about England 10. to enjoy some of the country’s finest scenery?

    My family was very concerned for my sister and understandably so. Helen was on a flight from Los Angeles to Phoenix. Although the flight was short, it provided __________ time for her to get to know the Morrisons, an Arizona couple seated in her row. The plane was only in the air for a couple of minutes __________ the wife, Marcie, fell asleep, leaving her husband Daniel and my sister sitting next to each other in silence. Maybe it was a feeling of __________ that sparked（引发，触发）it, or maybe it was the need to __________. Whatever the case, within minutes Daniel began to tell their own story.

He told my sister how he and Marcie had __________ to Los Angeles that morning to meet with a doctor of __________ medicine about treating Marcie, only 35, for her stage 4 breast cancer. __________ the diagnosis of the doctors in Phoenix had given Marcie only a few months to live, the couple had decided to __________ other forms of treatment. Although they both felt __________ about what had been described to them that day, they were upset to learn that the alternative treatment __________ a $34,000 price tag and would not be covered by medical __________. Additionally, they’d have to pay for a place to __________ while Marcie underwent treatment.

When it came to deplane（下飞机）, Daniel __________ Marcie. Since she was unable to walk, he requested a wheelchair. It was while my sister was waiting with them for the chair that she made the __________ that they could stay with her during their trips to Los Angeles.

Helen received a call from Daniel the following week saying that he and Marcie had __________ it over and they would like to take her __________ offer. They arrived the following Wednesday and left on Sunday. And this __________ continued for several months. What __________ had brought the three of them together and then made her invite them into her home? Whatever the case, she knew that she had done exactly as she was supposed to.

I guess it would be an understatement (轻描淡写) to say that my family’s feelings of _____ changed to feelings of admiration ! We are all so _________ of our Helen!

1.A.regular B.spare C.adequate D.available

2.A.when B.after C.once D.until

3.A.boredom B.freedom C.awkwardness D.tiredness

4.A.unpack B.unload C.survive D.cooperate

5.A.moved B.removed C.driven D.flown

6.A.herbal B.internal C.preventive D.alternative

7.A.Since B.Unless C.Before D.Provided

8.A.combine B.compare C.pursue D.tolerate

9.A.sure B.good C.empty D.sorry

10.A.published B.lost C.released D.carried

11.A.insurance B.allowance C.donation D.pension

12.A.visit B.go C.stay D.enjoy

13.A.hugged B.woke C.kissed D.followed

14.A.decision B.prediction C.excuse D.compromise

15.A.passed B.got C.took D.talked

16.A.final B.acceptable C.generous D.conditional

17.A.arrangement B.belief C.bargain D.deal

18.A.relationship B.force C.cost D.subject

19.A.shame B.disappointment C.embarrassment D.concern

20.A.ashamed B.fond C.proud D.confident

The Art of Slow Reading

If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. 1. They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.

So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. 2. But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.

3. A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. 4. Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. 5. You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.

A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.

B. Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.

C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.

D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.

E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.

F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.

G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.

    If you have ever had a cat, or have watched one of the many funny cat videos online, you’ll know that cats have a mind of their own. A lot of the things they do are hard to understand---they like to climb up tall furniture, fit themselves in small spaces and attack small objects for no reason at all.

Now scientists have managed to figure out what exactly is going on in the brains of our little friends. According to Tony Buffington, a professor at Ohio State University in the US, cats’ strange behavior largely comes from their way of life back in the wild. “Cats today still have many of the same instincts(本能)that allowed them to live in the wild for millions of years.” he said in a TED Talk. “To them, our homes are their jungles.”

In the wild, cats are hunters. Their bodies and great balancing abilities allow them to climb to high spots to better look at the environment. Even though they don’t have to hunt any more in human houses, they still keep the old habit of viewing the living room from, for example, the top of the refrigerator.

Cats’ hunting instinct is also what makes them attack small things like keys and USB drives. In the wild, they hunt whatever they can get, and most of the animals they kill are small.

However, cats can also be prey. This explains why they like to stay in small spaces like drawers or washing machines---they are hiding, or they think they are hiding, from more dangerous animals. This is also why cats prefer a clean box: a smelly one could easily show enemies where they are.

Knowing how cats’ minds work is not only useful for better understanding them. It may also help cats’ owners to better meet cats’ needs. For example, owners could try to make climbing easier for cats by moving their furniture around. They could also use “food puzzles” to make eating feel more like hunting instead of just giving food to the cats.

1.According to Tony Buffington, ________.

A.cats’ strange behavior is hard for people to understand

B.cats are more used to living in the wild than in humans’ homes

C.cats behave strangely mainly because of some instincts in the wild

D.cats’ instincts are as helpful to them today as they were millions of year ago

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A.Cats like to climb up high because they want to hide from dangerous animals.

B.Cats attack keys and USB drives because they have a habit of hunting small animals.

C.Cats enjoy staying in small spaces because they usually live in small caves in the wild.

D.Cats’ preference for a clean box probably has something to do with their hunting instincts.

3.The underlined word “prey” in Paragraph 5 probably means _________.

A.an animal that is too lazy

B.an animal that likes hiding games

C.an animal that keeps itself clean

D.an animal that is hunted

4.This article is mainly written to _________.

A.explore the reasons behind cats’ strange behavior

B.describe cats’ past wild experience to readers

C.tell cat owners how to make life easier for cats

D.compare cats’ behavior in human homes with that in the wild

    Runners who encounter visual and auditory(听觉的) distractions may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to a research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.

Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.

The runners were all injury free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman’s team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concentrated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.

When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.

“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk,” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a noisy environment such as during a destination marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention—like a new song playlist.”

Dr. Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues(暗示).

1.Paragraph 2 tells us the research ______.

A.process B.results

C.questions D.reflection

2.Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to ______.

A.breathe heavier and have lower heart rates

B.get an increased amount of ground reaction force

C.apply more force with less oxygen consumption

D.gain a faster speed with slower loading rates

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A.Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.

B.Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.

C.Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.

D.Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination marathon.

4.What is probably the next task for Dr. Herman’s team?

A.What determines training techniques.

B.How distractions should be used in training.

C.Why runners use auditory and visual cues.

D.What effective ways can cure leg injuries.

    Science is finally beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.

As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friends die.

Pigs respond to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O’s. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.

I’ve been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think other animals. They’re other primates（灵长目动物）, after all, animals from our own mammalian class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and that elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure in laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.

Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, 1 started to wonder: Will the new science of “food animals” bring an ethical (伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?

1.According to Annie Potts, hens’ choice of a later and better reward indicates their ability of ______.

A.interaction B.analysis C.creation D.abstraction

2.The research into pigs shows that pigs ______.

A.learn letter quickly B.have good eyesight

C.can build up a good relationship D.can apply knowledge to new situations

3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A.The similarities between mammals and humans.

B.The necessity of long-term studies on mammals.

C.A change in people’s attitudes towards animals.

D.A discovery of how mammals express themselves.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.The Lifestyles of Food Animals B.Science Reports on Food Animals

C.The Inner Lives of Food Animals D.A Revolution in Food Animals

Enter for a Chance to Win a Montana Adventure

Imagine yourself hiking on the same route that Lewis and Clark once explored, fly fishing and white-water rafting in beautiful lakes and rivers, learning how to speak Blackfoot, digging for ancient dinosaur remains, and standing at the edge of a 6,000-year-old glacier in Glacier National Park. You have the chance to do all of this and much more with the National Geographic Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge Expedition Team. The Hands-On Explorer Challenge is heading west in 2020 to Montana.

HIKE!

Montana is the home of many species of plants and animals. Follow in the footsteps of legendary explorers and get a close-up view of waterfalls, wildflowers, and wildlife.

DIG !

Some of the most important dinosaur discoveries have been found in Montana. You'll discover treasures yourself as you dig for ancient dinosaur remains in Montana's High Plains.

CULTURE !

Montana has eleven Native American tribes-each one filled with a unique heritage and lots of rich traditions. View the world as they see it through their dances, songs, food, games, and languages.

HOW TO ENTER

1. Write an original, personal essay in English of no more than 300 words telling us how you explore your world and what it is about exploration that inspires and excites you.

2. Take a photograph of what, where, or how you explored the subject of your essay.

3. Enter by January 7, 2020. Open to kids who will be ages 9-14 as of July l, 2020.

4. Send your entry form, essay, and photo (as described in the Official Rules) to: NG Kids Hands-On Explorer Challenge, National Geographic Kids magazine/CDH, 1145 17th Street NW, Washington, D. C. 20036.

FOR MORE INFORMATION, GO TO

KIDS. NATIONALGEOGRAPHIC. COM/KIDS/CONTESTS/EXPLORER-TRIP-2020.

1.What is true about Montana?

A.Lewis and Clark used to live there.

B.Many dinosaurs have been discovered there.

C.Its Native American tribes share the same culture.

D.It is home to many species of plants and animals.

2.If you want to enter the contest you must

A.be over 14 years old

B.send a photo with your essay

C.have rich exploration experience

D.write an English article over 300 words

3.What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To provide travel information.

B.To describe Montana's scenery.

C.To announce a kid competition.

D.To suggest some outdoor activities.

Directions: Write an English composition in between 100 and 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese.

假设你是明启中学（Ming Qi Middle School）英语报通讯员李华，拟从所给的三个主题中任选其一，为该报写一篇报道。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.电子产品有助于英语学习这一想法已被广泛接受。(The idea …)

2.对一些学生而言，可以自由支配自己的业余时间远比拥有足够的零花钱更有意义，难道不是吗？(than)

Directions: Read the following job ad and complete the sentences that follow. Write one word or more in each space.

1.If Angela’s Pet Shop is open for 8 hours every day, the assistant will get $__________ after a full day’s work.

2.Angela’s Pet Shop is looking for an assistant who can work for it every __________.

3.The assistant’s duties include taking care of pets and dealing with __________ in the shop as well as on the phone.

4.One who has __________ is more likely to be chosen than those who haven’t.

    Here is one of the world’s largest indoor ski-slopes. It covers an area of 22,500m2, about the same size as three football fields, and the temperature is a constant -1℃ to -2℃. However, the strangest thing about this place is that it’s in the middle of the desert! It’s called Ski Dubai and the outside temperatures can rise to more than 40℃!

It sounds crazy, but it just shows how serious people are about having fun. We spend huge sums on sports facilities. We pay our sports stars ridiculous amounts of money. And we spend hour after hour playing games! I wonder if all the sports-lovers and game-players in the world aren’t a little crazy. I know I am. I was once driving past a football field where some kids were playing. I turned to watch and crashed my car. I know it’s stupid but I can do nothing about it. As someone said, “Football isn’t a matter of life and death. It’s much more important than that!”

Of course, it isn’t that important really. No game is. But the problem is that games are addictive (使人上瘾的). From the tennis court to the golf course, you’ll find participants and spectators who can’t live without the drug of their choice. It could be a good thing. After all, despite being addictive, it’s true that sports and games help us to relax. Maybe if it wasn’t for sport, our societies would be more violent. Perhaps sport is a substitute for war? It’s hard to think of a quieter, more peaceful game than chess, and what’s the objective? Capturing your opponent’s king. And surely, it’s better to have wars in athletics stadiums rather than on battlefields.

What’s more, playing is natural. Kittens chase balls of wool and puppies pretend to fight. Games help us perfect our skills and prepare us for the serious contest of survival.

But do all games help us relax and stay away from violence? What about computer games? A recent article in New Scientist suggests that playing violent video games (and most of them are extremely violent) makes people more aggressive and more likely to commit violent crimes.

Are these games a rehearsal (彩排) for life or a substitute for life? Do we play instead of facing up to our real problems? I don’t know. But what I do know is that I need a break. Something to help me relax. Skiing would be nice. I wonder how much it costs to get to Dubai?

1.According to the author, the most surprising thing about Ski Dubai is its ________.

A.slopes B.size

C.location D.facilities

2.The expression “the drug of their choice” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ________.

A.the game they are keen on B.the medicine they take

C.the activity good for health D.the sport in place of war

3.Which of the following statements does the author most probably agree with?

A.Sports stars should be paid more to play well.

B.Sports are more important than life and death.

C.Chess is too peaceful to be considered a sport.

D.Games can make one relaxed as well as violent.

4.What does the author mainly talk about in the passage?

A.The relationship between games and crimes.

B.Human natural craze for having fun with games.

C.Serious concerns about time that is spent on games.

D.Real problems facing game players in everyday life.

    In 2008, a study was conducted in Hong Kong to find out why some people appeared to be better at public speaking. Three hundred people who were employed in jobs that require an advanced level of public speaking skills were interviewed. The participants included politicians, professors and motivational speakers. The results of the study showed that 77% of the participants reported having parents that encouraged them to ask questions and state their opinions from a young age. Eighty-five percent answered that their parents had repeatedly exposed them to a variety of positive “public speaking” experiences at home. These experiences included practicing speeches, performing dramas and reciting poems.

In another study to determine the causes of fear of public speaking, 70% of the participants said they had not had any public speaking opportunities at home. Eighteen percent of the participants had been given such opportunities, but these had resulted in a loss of confidence.

One of the participants recalled a painful experience from when he was eight years old. His parents had arranged for him to present his school project about earthquakes to his cousins. As an outgoing boy, he was eager to show off all his hard work, until he forgot a sentence and started to stutter (结巴). His cousins began to laugh at him, and instead of his family encouraging him to continue with his presentation, his father told him to call it a day. The stress of this incident and the feeling of being rejected carried over to school, where he started struggling with his words and went red like a sunset every time he had to speak in front of an audience.

From these studies, we can see that the way parents handle their child’s communication efforts and a child’s future attitude towards public speaking can be linked. Not all people are born afraid of public speaking, but rather they grow to be afraid of it due to awful experiences or outside influences. Yet this does not mean they have no control over their fear — because they do.

1.According to the study of 2008, ________ were important in making successful public speakers.

A.caring professors B.high motivations

C.encouraging parents D.original opinions

2.In the 3rd paragraph, the expression “call it a day” most probably means ________.

A.stop B.respond

C.try D.relax

3.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A.How much exposure to public speaking is proper?

B.What kinds of jobs require public speaking skills?

C.Is public speaking important for children?

D.Are people born afraid of public speaking?

4.The paragraph following the last might be about ________.

A.more experiences of unsuccessful public speaking

B.ways to gain self-confidence in public speaking

C.other reasons for failure in public speaking

D.features of successful public speaking