每天试题更新列表 - 满分5

In a recent study of 19-month-olds, University of Chicago doctoral student Lauren Howard found that children who heard various languages in their neighborhoods were more receptive to people who spoke languages other than their parents ‘language.

“We measured imitation. At this age, that’s how they show us their willingness to learn, ”explained Howard. The lead author of the report titled Neighborhood Linguistic Diversity Predicts Infants' Social Learning. The experiments tested how well the babies could learn new tasks from a non- English speaker.

The study, which included 82 children from the Chicago and Washington areas, was in the November issue of Cognition.

“Babies are not only affected by parents and caregivers--- previous studies proved that --but also by people they hear at the store or on the bus, "Howard said. “Incidental exposure matters.”

The study indicates that kids in diverse communities may grow up to have open minds. Good news for families living in such neighborhoods--- but can other families do something to increase children's cultural exposure？

Cultural diversity can be within reach, even in unlikely areas. Although she grew up in not very diverse"， Julie, 23， said she picked up much knowledge about other languages and cultures from the many students her family hosted through the AFS-USA international student exchange program.

“It’s the little differences that make you more understanding and less judgmental, ”Julie said “Yuilya from Kazakhstan, for example, was very disciplined because she couldn't go to college unless her grades were good. Matias from Paraguay wasn't used to being on time because his culture is more laid-back. ”

For families unable to host a student for a whole year, AFS-USA offers other volunteer opportunities, such as being “welcome families ”to ease students ’ transitions（过渡）.

But there are countless ways to expose kids to other countries, said Lucas, author of “Growing Up Global: Raising Children to Be at Home in the World.”

Just a few of her tips: Take the kids to foreign films. Try exotic restaurants. Put a world map on the wall. Help your children’s teachers make global classrooms. Encourage the kids to invite friends of other cultures for dinner. “They’ll thank you later, "Lucas said.

1.What does Howard stress by saying "Incidental exposure matters"？

A.Babies are also influenced by people outside their home

B.Parents fail to realize the importance of incidental learning

C.Parents and caregivers have more influence on babies

D.Babies learn little knowledge at the store or on the bus.

2.How was Julie exposed to different cultures？

A.She frequently volunteered in some welcome families

B.She lived in neighborhoods with various language learn

C.She was a member of the AFS-USA program

D.She learned from the foreign students living in her home

3.Which might be Julie's attitude to Matias's lateness？

A.Curious B.Happy

C.Tolerant D.anger

4.What are Lucas's tips mainly about？

A.How to improve children’s behavior

B.How to teach children foreign languages

C.How to better communicate with children.

D.How to help children seek diversity

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Shortly after World War Il, a Dutch art dealer was arrested for secretly selling paintings by Vermeer（1632-1675） to the Nazis who invaded Holland during the war. Because Vermeer is considered to be one of Holland’s best painters, the dealer was charged with selling national treasures to the enemy. To avoid the punishment for this serious crime, he admitted that the paintings were forgeries（伪造品）， or fakes he had painted them himself and fooled the art world and the Nazis. Today, experts agree that the forgeries do not look like Vermeer's other works, Why then, did the art world accept the fakes as real？

One reason why they were accepted was that the forgeries actually looked different than Vermeer's other works. The dealer had claimed that the forgeries were from an unknown period early in Vermeer's career. Because painters' styles often change throughout their careers, art historians at the time did not expect "the new discovery" to look exactly like the known works of Vermeer. In fact, because they did not look similar to the known works, experts did not bother to look at them carefully. This is because experts expect a forger to copy famous paintings as closely as possible. Once the art dealer's first forgeries were accepted as real, he was free to make more The others closely matched the first paintings in style, so they were also accepted as real Vermeer tings from the same early period.

Another reason experts were fooled is what some historians call The Emperor’s New Clothes Effects. In Hans Christian Andersen’s story, The Emperor’s New Clothes, two criminals convince an emperor that he is wearing beautiful clothes, when he is actually naked. No one in the empire wants to admit that they can’t see the clothes because they believe the clothes are magic and that only good people can see them. Similarly, the art world was influenced by the famous art historian Wilhelm von Bode, who said the forgeries were some of Vermeer's best works. Because von Bod was highly respected, other experts began praising the "new discoveries.” At the time, this made it difficult to criticize the paintings or suggest that they were fakes

1.Why did the art dealer admit that he had faked paintings？

A.He wanted to anger the Nazis

B.He wanted to prove he was a good painter

C.He felt bad about what he had done

D.He wanted to escape heavy punishment

2.Why didn’t experts expect the forgeries to look like Vermeer's known works？

A.The experts didn't carefully examine the paintings

B.Painters' styles vary during their careers

C.Painters often create forgeries to fool experts.

D.The paintings looked similar to Vermeer s earlier works

3.Why does the author mention the story The Emperor 's New Clothes？

A.To compare the works of Vermeer with those of Andersen

B.To suggest that Vermeer was the emperor of the art world

C.To explain how experts were fooled by the forgeries

D.To give an example of a forgery in the literary world

4.What is the best title for the text？

A.The Nazi invasion of Holland in World War II.

B.How von Bode influenced the art world

C.How some forgeries fooled the art world

D.The paintings of Vermeer's early period

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Places to go in Miami

The hot topic in Miami these days is about the revival of the Mimo Historic District, which filling up with stylish shops, restaurants, bars and hotels. Including 27 blocks along Biscayne Boulevard, Mimo was energetic in the 1950s but fell into disrepair, with its once family-friendly motels renting rooms by the hour. Today Mimo, which stands for Miami Modern, looks similar to its glory days；longtime residents as well as newcomers, motivated by comparatively affordable rents, have set up shops and are behind Mimo's renewed energy.

Vagabond Restaurant and Bar

Part of the Vagabond Hotel, which was originally a motel, this 120-seat eatery serves international food and is a hot reservation. The bar has a retro feel with its midcentury-modern furniture. The executive chef, Roberto DuBois, has a menu that combines comfort food dishes such as spinach gnocchi with pomodoro sauce, and uncommon ones, like cucumber gazpacho with almond powder and mint.

7305BiscayneBoulevard786-409-5635, thevagabondhotel.com

Fly boutique

This boutique sells furniture, jewelry and clothing dating to the 1920s. A standout is the designer clothing: A Halston sequined evening dress and suits and shirts from Hermes and Yves Saint Laurent were recent offerings. There is a bit of room on pricing, so shoppers are free negotiate.

7235BiscayneBoulevard305-604-8508，flyboutiquevintage.com

Ms. Cheezious

A popular food truck turned store, this is a place to show respect to the grilled cheese sandwich. Diners can build their own or order one of the 17 custom-made combinations. such as spiced apples and havarti cheese on multigrain bread. For dessert: roasted marshmallows and graham cracker crumble on sourdough

7418BiscayneBoulevard305-989-4019，mscheezious.com

Beacon Hill Chocolates

The smell of fresh chocolate attracts shoppers entering this intimate boutique. The owner Paula Barth, who divides her time between Miami and Boston, where she has another store, sells products from more than 60 chocolatiers

6318BiscayneBoulevard，305-560-5399，beaconhillchocolates.com

1.Which of the following is TRUE about Mimo?

A.It now has extremely high rents B.It is behind Biscayne Boulevard

C.It is a newly built district D.It had been left in a damaged state

2.In which of the following places may you need a bargainer？

A.Fly Boutique B.Ms. Cheezious

C.Vagabond Restaurant and Bar D.Beacon Hill Chocolates

3.If you re interested in self-made sandwiches, which number would you call？

A.786-409-5635 B.305-989-4019

C.305-604-8508 D.305-560-5399

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阅读下面文章，基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Every country in the world has a flag. A flag is a piece of cloth with a picture or pattern on it. The flag is a symbol that stands for the country. It is a custom in many places for people to fly or hang a flag. The flag tells something about the country and its culture. This may be about its land, its history, or the things that the people do there.

Many flags have patterns of stripes (条纹). The flag of Italy has a green stripe, a white stripe and a red stripe. Each stripe tells something about Italy. The white stripe is symbol of Italy’s snowy mountains. Some flags show pictures. The flag of Canada has a picture of a red maple (枫叶) leaf, which is a symbol of the maple trees in Canada. The Mexican flag has both a pattern of stripes and a picture. The picture shows an eagle eating a snake. This picture comes from a very old Mexican story.

A flag may also tell about a country’s past. The American flag is called the Stars and Stripes. It has pattern of fifty stars and thirteen stripes. The fifty stars are a symbol of the fifty states in the country and the thirteen stripes are a symbol of the country’s first thirteen colonies (殖民地).

However, a flag may be a symbol of a group, a school or an event like the Olympics. The flag of the Olympics shows five rings of different colors that connect. Each ring is a symbol for a part of the world that joins in the Olympics. The Red Cross is a group that helps people who are in trouble. If a person sees the Red Cross flag, which has a red cross against a white background, he knows he can ask for help. People may fly a flag as a custom on a holiday. Children’s Day in Japan is a holiday when the country wishes for children’s happiness. It is a custom on this day to fly a flag with a picture of a fish.

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假定你是李华，得知你的家庭被选为留学生Max来你校留学时的寄宿家庭(host family)。请给Max写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示欢迎；

2. 简介自己家庭情况及游玩安排；

3. 期待他的到来。

注意：1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Internet makes shopping at home convenient. However, for many, the attraction of shopping can turn into 1.addiction. Experts believe there is a danger that online shopping can develop into a mental illness.

Researchers from the Hannover Medical School have termed the illness “Buying Shopping Disorder” (BSD). The researchers say this condition should be recognized by the medical profession as an illness and should not 2.(simple) be classed as one of 3.(vary) “impulse control” (冲动控制) disorders. Dr. Megan said: “It really is time to accumulate further knowledge about BSD on the Internet.”

Last month, Dr. Megan and her team 4.(carry) out a research on earlier studies on shopping. Their research focused on 122 patients 5.sought treatment for BSD. Dr. Megan said five percent of people might suffer 6.BSD. Younger people are more likely 7.(develop) it. They also have greater levels of 8.(anxious) and depression. People with BSD exhibit negative behaviors. These include 9.(spend)large amounts of money on things they don’t need, keeping and never using things they order, buying things for instant satisfaction, and ending up in debt. BSD can destroy 10.(they) marriages, relationships and mental health.

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Earlier this month, MnkenzeeMeaux and her husband-to-be, Bryan Ballard, booked a photo shoot to celebrate their recent engagement. And they decided to hold a _______ceremony next month.

The beautiful pictures they _______on the Internet looked just as one would _______: a good-looking young couple hugging in the forest. _______, halfway through the photo shoot, the young bride-to-be surprisingly_______ the wig (假发) she was wearing and showed her _______beauty — bald head and all.

Like 6.8 million other people in the US, Meaux has alopecia, a condition that causes partial or _______hair loss. She spent most of her life _______her condition by wearing wigs, _______this time she decided to take this courageous step to ________millions of others to accept their own — little hair or no hair.

Meaux wasn’t always that ________. After she was diagnosed with alopecia at the age of eight, she ________years of bullying (霸凌). She was so painful that she ________all hope of ever feeling beautiful again. Even after meeting her future husband, it took her over two months to tell him of her ________.

And Ballard did what anyone should do — he ________the woman he loves for who she is and helped her to also accept herself and see herself as ________for the first time in a long time.

“He has helped me to be brave and realize that ________is not what makes you charming and is not what makes people love you. It is truly all about what’s on the ________,” says Meaux. “He has shown me that the people who love you do not ________whether or not you have hair and the ones who do are not worth your time or your love. So this is me, the ________me.”

1.A.opening B.wedding C.closing D.appointment

2.A.found B.bought C.downloaded D.posted

3.A.expect B.wonder C.forecast D.forget

4.A.Unfortunately B.Eventually C.Unexpectedly D.Meanwhile

5.A.put on B.took off C.turned out D.picked up

6.A.formal B.classical C.vivid D.natural

7.A.slight B.sudden C.complete D.temporary

8.A.hiding B.avoiding C.accepting D.satisfying

9.A.since B.but C.and D.while

10.A.imitate B.honor C.remind D.inspire

11.A.confident B.honest C.proud D.unlucky

12.A.caused B.experienced C.confirmed D.resisted

13.A.looked for B.got across C.gave up D.lived in

14.A.background B.profession C.thought D.situation

15.A.accepted B.recognized C.refused D.admired

16.A.familiar B.beautiful C.excellent D.different

17.A.marriage B.photo C.illness D.hair

18.A.path B.back C.inside D.outside

19.A.care B.consider C.ignore D.check

20.A.lucky B.attractive C.true D.simple

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Eyesight is the sense that you rely upon the most. Since we live in a world that requires your eyes to routinely stare at the small type and images on cell phones, computer screens, and televisions, it is important for you to improve and protect your eyesight. 1.

Eyes are just like any other part of the body. 2.Similar to other organs, a diet high in fruits and vegetables and low in sugar and fatty foods will go a long way in maintaining healthy eyes.

3.Plan to exercise your eyes when you wake up, before going to bed, or when your eyes are tired. Make sure your hands are clean so that you do not hurt your eyes and your mind is relaxed before starting.

Since you use your eyes every waking moment, give them lots of rest and relaxation by taking breaks throughout the day and getting enough sleep every night to fully rest, repair, and recover your vision. 4. In the short term, it can cause eye strain (疲劳) or dry eyes. In the long term, it can lead to damage to the optic nerve (视觉神经), which can cause pain and damage your vision.

Besides, most jobs nowadays involve some degree of computer usage, meaning almost everyone will be spending time in front of a computer. 5.To avoid this, you’ll have to properly try to limit your screen time by routinely taking breaks and exercising your eyes.

A. They need nutrition to function well.

B. Close your eyes when exercising your eyes.

C. A lack of sleep will weaken your vision health.

D. You can enjoy your vision for the rest of your life.

E. Unfortunately, this can result in eye strain or injury.

F. There are many ways to keep your eyesight healthy and sharp.

G. Exercising your eyes daily will help you maintain healthy eyes.

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Of all the places stray (流浪的) cats can live in Beijing, perhaps none provides greater companionship than an underground facility known as the “Cat Shed”. A variety of cats are spread across the shed’s 100 square meters. They jump and play on toy towers or rest on cotton blankets on iron-framed beds.

Since the facility was established in 2012, some 150 cats have lived there. More than 100 volunteers attend to the strays. Many claim that they gain greater benefit from the interaction than the cats, because the animals offer not just companionship, but also a kind of healing.

The “housekeeper” is Yin Yi, a doctoral candidate at the Central Iron and Steel Research Institute in Beijing. When the 29-year-old arrived in the capital in late 2015, he faced huge pressure from his studies and personal relationships, while the alien environment exacerbated his feeling of loneliness.

After gaining a master’s from a university in Inner Mongolia, Yin relocated to go for a doctorate in material sciences. Accustomed to having friends around, he was not used to a lonely life, especially working by himself and spending up to 10 hours in a lab most days. To improve his mood, he decided to contact animal bases, looking for opportunities to care for stray cats. When he heard that a stray cat basement near his campus was looking for volunteers, he contacted Wu Xinhua, who organizes activities at the Cat Shed, and was soon surrounded by furry friends. His favorite moment is when he dishes out food and a dozen strays gather round, with several rubbing against his feet. When he graduates, Yin plans to house three strays in his apartment.

1.What does the underlined word “exacerbated” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.Worsened B.Improved

C.Replaced D.Touched

2.What can we learn about the Cat Shed?

A.Yin Yi has rented the basement and provided facilities for the Cat Shed.

B.The Cat Shed is a relaxing and warm place for volunteers.

C.Wu Xinhua raises money to run the Cat Shed.

D.The Cat Shed only allows volunteers to adopt cats there.

3.What is the best title for the text?

A.Stray cats enjoy themselves at the Cat Shed

B.Volunteers make stray cats live a better life

C.“Stray” youngsters in Beijing need healing

D.Furry friends promote stress-free lives

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When did you last buy something? Maybe you are looking forward to a shopping trip at the weekend, but will it make you happy? In the short term, the answer might be yes. However, some people think it might not be good for our health and happiness in the long term.

One of the busiest shopping days of the year in the USA is Black Friday (the fourth Friday of November), which has spread around the world. However, not everyone will be queuing for a bargain. In 1992, Buy Nothing Day started in Canada and now more than sixty countries take part. Their message is simple: “Participate by not participating.” For twenty-four hours on the fourth Friday of November, people do not buy anything at all. Some people choose to spend time with friends and family instead. Others join protests. But what’s the point?

Every single purchase that you make has some kind of an effect on the planet. Making the products and transporting them to the shops use a lot of natural resources. When they are no longer in fashion, the products will end up in the dustbin. All this contributes to air and water pollution, the destruction of our environment and social inequality.

The social influence of our spending habits is also serious. People in consumerist culture are more likely to suffer from financial problems and stress. In order to buy expensive products, people work long hours and therefore spend less time with family and friends.

Critics of Buy Nothing Day say it’s meaningless because people will just buy more the following day. But the organizers argue that Buy Nothing Day makes people think about the consequences of consumption and maybe make some changes to their life style.

1.Why is the question “When did you last buy something?” asked?

A.To remind us of the approaching of Black Friday.

B.To attach importance to our health and happiness.

C.To introduce the topic of shopping too much.

D.To encourage us to participate in Buy Nothing Day.

2.How can people participate in Buy Nothing Day?

A.By not participating in any advertisement for Black Friday.

B.By not buying anything on four Fridays of November.

C.By spending time shopping with friends and family.

D.By not going shopping on Black Friday.

3.What’s NOT the point of Buy Nothing Day?

A.Saving time spent on working.

B.Saving the environment and our earth.

C.Saving money for charity.

D.Saving our relationship with friends and family.

4.What’s the organizers’ opinion on Buy Nothing Day?

A.It can make a difference in some way.

B.It won’t have a lasting effect.

C.It can help people choose goods more reasonably.

D.It can cure people’s shopping addiction.

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I grew up in a home with a mother who believes that vaccines (疫苗) cause brain damage, and do not contribute to the health and safety of a society. The only shot I received was for tetanus (破伤风) when I was two months old. After that, nothing.

At the beginning of each school year, I was very nervous. Delayed term paper? Mischievous (捣蛋的) behavior? Late for school? None of them. I’d be pulled out of class and brought to the headmaster’s office. The school doctor would tell me I hadn’t received any of the necessary shots to attend school. But the same thing occurred each time: my mom would free me from the shots and nothing would happen.

After doing a lot of research, I found although people who don’t vaccinate their children make up only a relatively small group, they can cause major consequences. People who, for health or age reasons, cannot receive vaccines are at a higher risk of catching a preventable disease.

Eventually, I turned 18. In Ohio, where I live, I had to wait until I became a legal adult to make the decision to receive vaccine shots. A huge factor in taking the step to ensure my health was the message board website Reddit. Last November, I asked Reddit users for advice about what vaccines to ask for and how to go about getting them from a doctor. After my post received more than 1,000 comments, I made an appointment with my family physician. Despite how strongly my mother felt, I went through with it anyway.

I did something every person should do. It wasn’t special in any way. Vaccines protect the health and safety of not only yourself but also other people. Vaccination is important because someone could die if you don’t get vaccinated. This was the biggest reason I got vaccines despite the opposition.

1.Why was the author called to the headmaster’s office at the beginning of each school year?

A.He was late for school.

B.He didn’t behave himself at school.

C.He couldn’t hand in his term paper on time.

D.He was hardly ever vaccinated.

2.How might the author’s mother have felt about his appointment with the family physician?

A.Annoyed. B.Grateful.

C.Thrilled. D.Guilty.

3.What does the author mainly want to tell us through his story?

A.Listening to your mother pays off.

B.Doing the right thing matters.

C.Keeping fit is the best policy.

D.Asking for advice helps.

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假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resource)。内容包括：

1．学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；

2．推荐理由；

3．表达祝愿。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Peter，

Yours,

Li Hua

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Every morning and evening, many people gather to dance in our community square, where is designed to improve living quality. Although dancing could do good to their health, but the long-time dancing and loud noise causing by the loudspeaker really brought the neighbors inconvenience. I couldn’t rest or sleep well, which made me terrible upset. I felt such sleepy in class that I performed badly in study. To solve a problem, I communicated with the organizers and suggested that they should shorten the dance time and reduced the music noise. Only doing so can they have fun and let others enjoy life. To their delight, they adopted my advices.

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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The national college entrance exam in Russia，Unified State Exam，will include Chinese as 1. elective foreign language starting from 2019．Chinese will become the fifth elective test item for the Unified State Exam 2. (follow)English，German，French and Spanish．

The number of Chinese learners in Russia 3. (grow)quickly in the past decade，according to a survey 4. (conduct)by a linguistic research center in Russia．

Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person，5. more and more people choosing university courses in Russia．

The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on 6. (they)listening，reading，and writing abilities and a fourth section will examine students on grammar，vocabulary and Chinese 7. (character)．Some parts in the exam are even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers．

According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International(Hanban)7 as of 2017， some 100 million people，excluding native speakers，use Chinese 8. (global)．

The United Nations(UN)in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day 9. falls on April 20 each year 10. (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of a11 official languages．

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When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he could to discourage me from becoming a brewer(酿酒师). He’d spent his life in local breweries, _______ making a living, as had his father and grandfather before him.

So I did as he asked. I went to business school and got a highly paid job at a business-consulting firm. _______, after working there five years, I was haunted by _______. Is this what I want to be doing when I’m 50?

I remembered that some time before, my dad had been cleaning out the attic and _______ some old beer _______. “Today’s beer is _______ water that can hold a head,” he’d told me.

I agreed. Americans pay good money for _______ beer, I thought. Why not make good beer for Americans using my family way?

I decided to quit my job to become a brewer. When I told Dad, I was hoping he’d put his arm around me and get _______ about continuing tradition. Instead he said, “Jim, that is the _______thing I’ve ever heard!”

________ Dad objected, in the end he became my new company’s first ________, coughing up(支付) $40,000 when I opened the Boston Beer Company in 1984. Going from my fancy office to being a brewer was like mountain climbing: exciting, liberating and ________. All my safety nets were gone.

Once the beer was made, I faced my biggest ________ yet: no one had ever heard of it. I needed a name that was ________ and elegant, so I called my beer Samuel Adams, ________ the brewer and patriot(爱国者) who helped to found the Boston Tea Party.

The only way to get the word out, I realized, was to sell direct. I filled my briefcase with beer and ________ every bar in Boston. Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Boston Lager won the top prize for American beer. The rest is history. It wasn’t supposed to ________ this way —whatever does? —but in the end I was ________ to be a brewer.

My advice to all young entrepreneurs is simple: life is very long, so don’t ________ to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you ________.

1.A.barely B.easily C.sufficiently D.adequately

2.A.Though B.Otherwise C.Still D.Anyhow

3.A.fear B.doubt C.regret D.desire

4.A.came across B.picked out C.put down D.brought about

5.A.receipts B.cans C.recipes D.labels

6.A.exactly B.particularly C.roughly D.basically

7.A.inferior B.superb C.fake D.sour

8.A.miserable B.amused C.excited D.concerned

9.A.dumbest B.smartest C.toughest D.rudest

10.A.As soon as B.As much as C.As far as D.As long as

11.A.employer B.customer C.investor D.salesman

12.A.inspiring B.relaxing C.pushing D.frightening

13.A.opportunity B.decision C.obstacle D.defeat

14.A.respectable B.honorable C.recognizable D.understandable

15.A.after B.by C.as D.for

16.A.hit B.got C.called D.promoted

17.A.make out B.reach out C.set out D.work out

18.A.appointed B.destined C.considered D.intended

19.A.hesitate B.need C.wait D.rush

20.A.delay B.dream C.plan D.prepare

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Stage Fright

Imagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering and taking their seats.

Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 1. The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.

If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the center of attention. 2. People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers from stage fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real.

3.The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake.

4. Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help calm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Third, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. 5. Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.

A. These might make your heart race even faster.

B. You don’t have to be onstage to get stage fright.

C. Stage fright is part of the body’s reaction to stress.

D. You try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.

E. With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.

F. The good news about stage fright is that here are ways to deal with it.

G. However, there is a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.

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Mark Twain has been called the inventor of the American novel. And he surely deserves additional praise: the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism. I say clever because anti-slavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the Civil War. H. B. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin is only the most famous example. These early stories dealt directly with slavery. With minor exceptions, Twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely. He drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.

Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race. Only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s most widely read tale. Once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. More recently the book has been attacked because of the character Jim, the escaped slave, and many occurrences of the word nigger.

But the attacks were and are silly—and miss the point. The novel is strongly anti-slavery. Jim’s search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic. As J. Chadwick has pointed out, the character of Jim was a first in American fiction—a recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual: Jim, the father and the man.”

There is much more. Twain’s mystery novel Pudd’n-head Wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day. Written at a time when the accepted wisdom held Negroes to be inferior (低等的) to whites, especially in intelligence, Twain’s tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth. A slave gave birth to her master’s baby and, for fear that the child should be sold South, switched him for the master’s baby by his wife. The slave’s light-skinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slave-holding class. The master’s wife’s baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.

The point was difficult to miss: nurture (养育), not nature, was the key to social status. The features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudice—manner of speech, for example—were, to Twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.

1.How do Twain’s novels on slavery differ from Stowe’s?

A.Twain was more willing to deal with racism.

B.Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.

C.Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.

D.Twain was openly concerned with racism.

2.Recent criticism of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn arose partly from its ________.

A.target readers at the bottom

B.anti slavery attitude

C.rather impolite language

D.frequent use of “nigger”

3.What best proves Twain’s anti slavery stand according to the author?

A.Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.

B.The slave’s voice was first heard in American novels.

C.Jim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.

D.Twain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.

4.The story of two babies switched mainly indicates that ________.

A.slaves were forced to give up their babies to their masters

B.slaves babies could pick up slave holders way of speaking

C.blacks social position was shaped by how they were brought up

D.blacks were born with certain features of prejudice

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What would it be like to be able to remember anything you ever learned? Would it be a blessing or a curse?

Since the early 20th century, psychologists have identified countless cases of people with super memories that allow them to learn and retain (保持) new information with total accuracy. The most famous was Solomon Sherashevski, the subject of Alexander Luria’s classic book, The Mind of a Mnemonist (记忆大师).

Sherashevski could recall an amazing number of facts due to his talent for eidetic imagery(照相式记忆), which allowed him to recall sights, sounds, smells etc. Sadly enough, he seemed to have significant difficulty living a normal life due to his inability to forget anything he learned and the continual daydreaming caused by his constant recall.

There are certainly other mnemonists, whose memory feats (功绩) are also surprisingly impressive. Strangely enough though, research suggests these professional mnemonists are no better than average people’s peaking of remembering events out of their own lives.

But there are also people whose memories seem to work differently. They are able to recall almost every moment of their lives even the early childhood, a condition commonly called hyperthymesia (超忆症).

Unlike mnemonists, people with hyperthymesia don’t rely on any techniques to memorize, it seems to happen automatically. While no former studies have found the reasons, a recent laboratory test shows they aren’t any better than average people in terms of learning new information.

Recently Neuropsychology presents a study of a 63-year-old man identified as “MM”. He didn’t realize his memory skills until 29 when he found he could recall events from American history with amazing accuracy. Despite his superior memory, his life seemed completely unaffected. He did poorly in school, no friends at all. Besides, though his recall resembled that of people with hyperthymesia, his memories weren’t quite as vivid.

So far there isn’t enough information to make any real conclusions about the super memory. However, as new studies become available, we are sure to learn about what makes these brains so unusual.

1.What made it difficult for Sherashevski to live a normal life?

A.His poor social skills.

B.His great interest in history.

C.His inability to forget things.

D.His early childhood experience.

2.People with hyperthymesia differ from mnemonists in that ________.

A.they remember things without intention

B.they count on techniques to memorize

C.they are better at learning new information

D.they can’t recall as vividly as mnemonists

3.What can be learned from the passage?

A.Former studies have found the roots for unusual memory.

B.It’s hard to tell whether super memory is good or not.

C.MM’s life has been greatly improved by his memory.

D.Super memory contributes to better academic performance.

4.Where is the passage probably taken from?

A.A book review.

B.A public speech.

C.A popular science magazine.

D.A report on mental health.

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It’s 3 o’clock and you’ve been hard at work. As you sit at your desk, a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn’t. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mum used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.

Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger”. When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone (激素) sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival.

A craving is more complex. It activates brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. Because of this, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”. People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.

In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food cravings. So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting (禁食) is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings.

So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach.

1.What is the function of the first paragraph?

A. To deepen the understanding of hunger.

B. To lead to the topic of the whole passage.

C. To report the discovery of craving study.

D. To remind readers of their own special food.

2.What do we learn about food cravings?

A. It means the stomach functions well. B. It ensures a person survives hunger.

C. It shows food is linked to feelings. D. It proves the brain decides your appetite.

3.What’s the likely result of dieting?

A. The increase of food desire. B. The decrease of chemicals.

C. The refusal of fat and sugar. D. The disappearance of appetite.

4.What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The findings of food cravings. B. What hunger is all about.

C. The functions of brain areas. D. What dieting may bring us.

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It may seem hard to leave Sydney’s attractions and sights, but when the urge arises to explore beyond the city, many exceptional day trips await travelers.

Scenic World

On a visit to the World heritage-listed Blue Mountains, enjoy clean fresh air and breath-taking landscapes of ancient rainforests. Scenic World in Katoomba is the best way to access the beauty of this region. Besides climbing, you can choose cablecars, elevated boardwalks or the Scenic Railway—the world’s steepest train travelling through a rock tunnel, to reach the mountain top.

Royal National Park

Established in 1879, the Royal is the world’s second-oldest national park. Located an hour’s drive south of Sydney, the beaches are unspoilt, crowd-free and great for surfing or swimming. There’s dramatic scenery along the way with a range of unique heritage attractions. Bushwalking, boating, canoeing and fishing are also popular activities.

Featherdale Wildlife Park

Located 45 minutes west of Sydney, Featherdale has the world’s largest collection of Australian native birds, mammals (哺乳动物) and reptiles (爬行动物). Situated in a bushland environment, Featherdale provides a unique opportunity for up-close animal interactions (交往). Hand-feed a kangaroo, have breakfast with a koala and check out a huge variety of species including dingos, emus, penguins and more.

The Hawkesbury River

An hour north-west of Sydney, the Hawkesbury is one of New South Wales’ best-kept secrets. Experience what this picturesque region of waterways, farmland and national parks has to offer—from waterskiing and bushwalking to horse riding, river cruises and retail therapy.

1.What can you do when visiting Scenic World?

A.Ride horses.

B.Hand-feed a kangaroo.

C.Go surfing.

D.Climb mountains.

2.If you are an animal lover, you can go to ________.

A.Scenic World

B.Royal National Park

C.The Hawkesbury River

D.Featherdale Wildlife Park

3.What do Royal National Park and The Hawkesbury River have in common?

A.Both can be reached by cablecars.

B.Visitors can go swimming and fishing.

C.Bushwalking is available on the two trips.

D.Visitors can enjoy beautiful mountain scenery.

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最近你校进行了“学生参加社区服务”大讨论，学生们对此观点不一，有的支持，有的反对，请谈谈你的看法。内容包括：

1. 观点；

2. 理由；

3. 建议。

注意：1. 可根据要点增加细节使行文连贯；

2. 词数：100左右。

提示词：社区服务community service；责任 responsibility。

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阅读表达

When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn't take Cuddles out for a walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk. Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high small horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.

When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn't bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.

Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean, friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25 years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.

Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.

Through training, Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even showed its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulty. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.

1.What is the main reason why Shaw chose a horse as his guide? (No more than 15 words)

____________________________________________________________________________.

2.What does the passage mainly tell us? (No more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________________________.

3.What will Shaw's future life be like with the help of Cuddles? (No more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________________________.

4.What's the meaning of the underlined word ''malls'' in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words)

____________________________________________________________________________.

5.In your opinion, how should man get along with animals? (No more than 20 words)

____________________________________________________________________________.

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The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America. They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises left on earth.

Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises go slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other.

Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises were around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there. When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way.

The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs or even any baby tortoises.

Finally, in the 1950s, scientists decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to remove as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could from the islands. Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born; This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year. Perhaps these wonderful animals will not disappear after all.

1.What makes the Galapagos Islands unusual?

A.The biggest islands in the Pacific Ocean.

B.Rocky, lonely spot.

C.The giant tortoises.

D.Many homes for tourists.

2.What can be learned from Paragraph 2?

A.Tortoises weigh a hundred pounds.

B.Tortoises move around very fast.

C.There are different kinds of tortoises.

D.Tortoises are larger than the ones in other places.

3.What did first comers to the island do with tortoises hundreds of years ago?

A.People cooked them as food.

B.Scientists took measures to protect them.

C.Pigs, dogs and cats ate many baby tortoises.

D.Settlers brought other tortoises to the islands.

4.What happened soon after people brought animals to the islands?

A.Tortoise eggs were kept in safe containers.

B.The animals ate the tortoises’ food and eggs.

C.The tortoises continued to wander freely.

D.The tortoises fought against the other animals.

5.What happened to the tortoises because of the scientists’ effort?

A.The tortoises began to disappear gradually.

B.The number of tortoises began to decrease.

C.Scientists took away other animals off the islands.

D.There are more and more giant tortoises on the islands.

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Mom was a teacher most of her life. When she wasn't in the classroom, she was educating her children or grandchildren; correcting our grammar; starting us on collections of butterflies, flowers or rocks; or inspiring a discussion on her most recent ''Book of the Month Club'' topic. Mom made learning fun.

It was sad for my three brothers and me to see her suffering in her later years. At eighty-five, she suffered a stroke and she went steadily downhill after that.

Two days before she died, my brothers and I met at her nursing home and took her for a short ride in a wheelchair. While we waited for the staff to lift her limp body back into bed, Mom fell asleep. Not wanting to wake her, we moved to the far end of the room and spoke softly.

After several minutes our conversation was interrupted by a muffled sound coming from across the room. We stopped talking and looked at Mom. Her eyes were closed, but she was clearly trying to communicate with us. We went to her side.

'' Whrr, '' she said weakly.

''Where? '' I asked. ''Mom, is there something you want? '' ''Whrr, '' she repeated a bit stronger. My brothers and I looked at each other and shook our heads sadly.

Mom opened her eyes, sighed, and with all the energy she could gather said, '' Not was. Say were! ''

It suddenly occurred to us that Mom was correcting brother Jim’s last sentence. ''if it was up to me…''

Jim leaned down and kissed her cheek. ''Thanks, Mom, '' he whispered. We smiled at each other and once again shook our heads…

1.What does the underlined words ''went steadily downhill'' mean in the 2nd paragraph?

A.went lower and lower B.went worse and worse

C.went down the hill D.went downstairs

2.When Mom said, ''Whrr'', what did she really want to do?

A.She wanted to tell her sons her will.

B.She wanted to have something to eat before she died.

C.She wanted to correct the mistakes Jim made while talking.

D.She wanted to give her sons something before she died.

3.Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?

A.Mom was a good teacher and never gave up her teaching.

B.Mom was always making her teaching fun.

C.Mom didn't forget her teaching until she died.

D.Mom stopped teaching when she was at home.

4.What does the writer think of his mother?

A.He loved her but was tired of his mother's teaching.

B.His mother should have forgotten her teaching and enjoyed the rest of her life.

C.His mother was great because she devoted herself to teaching.

D.His mother was an excellent teacher before she was retired.

5.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A.Once a Teacher, Always… B.Mom's Will

C.A Teacher’s Life D.A Teacher’s Devotion

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Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you'll have to worry about making friends. Here are some simple tips which help you make new friends more easily.

·Try speaking to the students you’re sitting next to in class. As they're close by, it is easy to chat to them first.

·Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them.

·If you don’t have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school.

·Join a lunchtime or after school club. You’ll get to meet kids of all years that way.

·Ask your teacher to pair you with another student.

·Talk to classmates, remember to smile, and be open and friendly. Don't break in while your classmates are speaking. When your classmates talk to you, you should listen carefully and look at them in the eye to make them feel important.

·As you grow older, it's natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you begin to grow apart from your old friends. So try and make time for all your friends. But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, ask someone you're friendly with what has happened. If the friendship is hopeless, try to find new friends.

1.Who is the passage written to?

A.Teachers B.Old friends

C.New students D.Classmates

2.What does the writer intend to tell readers?

A.To explain how to make new friends easily.

B.To show how to be used to new school life．

C.To encourage people to make new friends.

D.To introduce how to live in a new school.

3.Which of the following is the writer’s suggestion?

A.Try to study well to be popular with the classmates.

B.Try all your best to help your new classmates.

C.Sit close to a familiar classmate in the classroom.

D.Catch every opportunity to communicate with others.

4.What should you do in order to get your classmates feel that they are important?

A.Interrupt while talking with them. B.Watch and listen to them carefully.

C.Talk to others while talking to them. D.Make use of your relationship.

5.If your group of friends is keeping you away, you should_________.

A.make your different friends know each other

B.forget them and make new friends at once

C.try to know the reason from a close friend

D.turn to your teachers or parents for help

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Spanish River Park

Location: 3001 Ocean Blvd., Boca Raton.

Admission: $16 per vehicle on weekdays, $18 on weekends and major holidays.

Special Comments: About 95 acres, more than a half-mile of beach with lifeguards. No pets.1,680-foot nature path and large playground area.

Food/Dining: Picnic areas with barbecue grills. Phone: (561)393-7811

Restores: Restrooms and showers available.

Red Reef Park

Location: 1400 N.Ocean Blvd., Boo2 Raton.

Admission: $16 per vehicle on weekdays,$18 on weekends and major holidays.

Special Comments: Developed beach (67 acres) with lifeguards. No alcohol or pets permitted. It offers grills and a small playground area.

Food/Dining: Picnic areas available. Phone: (561) 393-7812

Restrooms: Restrooms and showers available.

South Beach Park

Location: 400 N.Ocean Blvd., Boca Raton.

Admission: $15 per vehicle on weekdays,$17 on weekends and major holidays.

Special Comments: 1,670 feet of beach, 25 acres, lifeguards, 955 feet of developed beach south of Boca Inlet with lifeguards.

Food/Dining: Picnic areas available. Phone: (561) 393-7813

Restrooms: Restrooms and showers available.

Coconut Cove Waterpark

Location: 11200 Park Access Road, Boca Raton.

Admission: Adult $7; Children(4~12)$5; 3 and under free.

Special Comments: The waterpark offers Sea Monster walk pool, Meandering River,

a waterslide and a waterfall. No alcohol or pets permitted.

Food/Dining: Concessions. Phone: (561) 274-1140

Restrooms: Restrooms and showers available.

1.Which of the following can not be done in Spanish River Park?

A.Play with your dog. B.Walk on the path.

C.Go for a picnic. D.Have a shower.

2.If you want to get the information of South Beach Park, you should call_______.

A.(561) 393-7811 B.(561) 393-7812

C.(561) 393-7813 D.(561) 274-1140

3.Where does this passage probably appear?

A.In a notebook. B.In a newspaper.

C.In a report. D.In a science book.

4.If Mother and Father with two children aged 4 and one child aged 2 visited Coconut Cove Waterpark, the cost would be _______.

A.$22 B.$19

C.$29 D.$24

5.If you want to play more water sports, you’d better go to _________.

A.South Beach Park B.Coconut Cove Waterpark

C.Spanish River Park D.Red Reef Park

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It is natural that young people are not often comfortable when they are with their parents. They say that their ______ don’t understand them. They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are too strict ______ their children; and that they ______ give their children a free hand. It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s ______ and they tend to forget how they themselves ______ when young. For example, young people like to act at once without much ______. It is one of their ways to show that they have ______ up and they can face any difficult situation. Instead, ______ people worry more easily. Most of them ______ things ahead, at least in their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something ______.

When you want your parents to let you do ______, you will have better success if you ask ______ you really start doing it.

Young people often make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, in _____ and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble; it is just that they feel ______ from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been accepted. That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their ______. And if their parents do not like their music or entertainments or clothes or their ways of speech, this will make the young extremely ______.

Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to ______ “yes” to what you do. All you want is to be ______ and do what you like. It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, that you were completely under your parents control.

If you plan to control your life, you’d better persuade your parents and try to get them to ______ you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the ______ to do what you want to do.

1.A. teachers B. parents C. friends D. classmates

2.A. in B. for C. with D. to

3.A. often B. always C. seldom D. usually

4.A. trust B. hate C. support D. envy

5.A. loved B. studied C. learned D. felt

6.A. thinking B. worrying C. promising D. choosing

7.A. stood B. got C. grown D. brought

8.A. young B. older C. younger D. many

9.A. agree B. plan C. think D. sense

10.A. surprised B. expected C. amazed D. unexpected

11.A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything

12.A. after B. while C. before D. until

13.A. service B. entertainments C. behaviors D. sports

14.A. separated B. connected C. controlled D. contacted

15.A. friends B. own C. minds D. sense

16.A. happy B. unhappy C. quiet D. active

17.A. express B. speak C. state D. say

18.A. left alone B. looked after C. watched over D. cared for

19.A. forgive B. believe C. understand D. trouble

20.A. advice B. explanation C. instruction D. right

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— Why, Tom, you look so exhausted!

— Well, I______the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.

A.was painting B.will be painting

C.have been painting D.have painted

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If it ______ rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car.

A.were to B.will C.would D.is to

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This poem describes the painful feelings of a man in love with someone who does not love him ______.

A.in turn B.in return

C.for return D.for turn

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