You've heard the predictions from some of the brightest minds about AI’s influence. Tesla and SpaceX chief Elon Musk worries that AI is far more dangerous than nuclear weapons. The late scientist Stephen Hawking warned AI could serve as the “worst event in the history of our civilization” unless humanity is prepared for its possible risks.

But many experts, even those who are aware of such risks, have a more positive attitude, especially in health-care and possibly in education. That is one of the results from a new AI study released Monday by the Pew Research Center.

Pew canvassed the opinions of 979 experts over the summer, a group that included famous technologists, developers, innovators and business and policy leaders. The interviewed experts, some of whom chose to remain anonymous, were asked to join in the discussion of a serious and important question: "By 2030, do you think it is most likely that advancing AI and related technology systems will improve human capacities and control them?"

Nearly two-thirds experts predicted most of us will be mostly better off. But a third thought otherwise, and a majority of the experts expressed at least some concerns over the long-term impact of AI on the "essential elements(要素) of being human." Among those concerns were data abuse, loss of jobs and loss of control brought by autonomous weapons and cybercrime(网络犯罪). Above all, by taking data in and spitting answers out, those "black box" tools make decisions in digital systems. It is an erosion(侵蚀) in our ability to think for ourselves.

1.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A. To stop human developing AI. B. To inform readers how AI develops.

C. To tell readers the result of a study. D. To encourage a public discussion.

2.What does the underlined word “canvass” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Ask. B. Adopt.

C. Weigh. D. Analyse.

3.What are experts most concerned about?

A. AI will beat humans in abilities and qualities.

B. Humans will suffer a decrease of thinking ability.

C. Humans will develop autonomous weapons.

D. AI will come to power in human societies.

4.What do we know about AI from the text?

A. Elon Musk holds a positive attitude towards AI.

B. Stephen Hawking warned people not to develop AI.

C. Few interviewed experts expressed their concerns about AI.

D. Most interviewed experts believed AI makes human life better.

    The European Parliament has approved a law banning a wide-range of single-use plastic items, such as straws and cotton buds by 2021. “Europe is setting new standards, paving the way(铺路) for the rest of the world,” the European Commission's vice-president Frans Timmermans, who is responsible for sustainable development, said in a statement.

The new plans come after the EC found that plastics make up more than 80% of marine litter, which has disastrous effects on wildlife and habitats. The EU parliament notes that because of its slow rate of breaking down, plastic residue(残余) has been found in marine species as well as fish and shellfish - and therefore also makes its way into the human food chain.

Under the new European law, tobacco companies will be required to cover the costs for the collection of cigarette butts. Manufacturers of fishing tools will also have to pay for the retrieval(找回) of any plastic nets that have been left at sea. There's also a new focus on further raising public awareness, where producers of items such as tobacco filters(滤嘴), plastic cups, and wet wipes will be required to clearly explain to users how to appropriately dispose of them.

The European Commission first suggested the ban in May, which was approved by member states in October. China last year banned the import of 24 varieties of solid waste, including types of plastic and unsorted paper, putting pressure on Europe to deal with its own waste.

The World Economic Forum estimates that there are about 150 million tons of plastic in the world's seas. A study published in Science in 2015 suggested that between 5 and 13 million tons more are flowing into them every year. Research shows there will be more plastic than fish by weight in the world's oceans by 2050, which has encouraged policymakers, individuals and companies into action.

1.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Plastic drives fish out of seas. B. EU paves the way for the world.

C. EU bans single-use plastic items. D. Plastic threatens marine life and human.

2.Under what circumstances has EU passed the new law?

A. Plastic pollution has reached a disastrous degree.

B. EU bears the responsibility for sustainable development.

C. Plastic residue has been found in human bodies.

D. Manufactures are prepared to collect used products.

3.Under the new EU law, what result will be unavoidable for plastic producers?

A. Production will be reduced. B. Products will be more expensive.

C. The staff will be larger. D. Factories will be moved out of EU.

4.What message is implied in Paragraph 4?

A. China once urged EU to control plastic pollution.

B. China’s ban on solid waste inspired EU.

C. EU and China has signed relevant agreements.

D. EU once exported plastic waste to China.

    If you’re looking at diving for the first time in Papua New Guinea, believe everything you have read about our world-class waters.

Called the “underwater photographer’s paradise”, we’ve got many international awards for underwater photography taken here. In our oceans you'll see up to twice as many marine species as the waters of the Red Sea and up to five times as many as the Caribbean. Our waters enjoy a huge diversity of dive sites, including reefs, coral walls, seagrass beds, and wreck dive sites (ships, aircraft and submarines!).

Must see

Dive down to a fully complete Japanese fighter plane in Kimbe Bay, known also for soft coral and unusual creatures.

Experience "Muck Diving", which puts Papua New Guinea on the map, in Milne Bay.

Explore our surfing destinations from October to April. Relatively new to international surf enthusiasts, our breaks at Vanimo, Wewak, Madang and Kavieng are quickly becoming known for being uncrowded, challenging and entertaining for days!

Want to book a "Muck Diving"? Call 00675-374.

Want to dive to see fighter plane? Call 00675-325.

Where to stay

Papua New Guinea has accommodation to suit every budget and need. From privacy-protected hideaways to family-friendly escapes, book your business package or luxury resort knowing you’ll be well looked after.

Want to find a suitable hotel? Call 00677-366.

Further information

Dive coaches offer both land-based (one day, three dives) and live-aboard dive tours (7-10 days, up to five dives a day).

The average water temperature varies from 25ºC along the edge of the Coral Sea to 29ºC in the Bismarck Sea.

You can dive in Papua New Guinea all year round, with the high season generally from May to November.

Want to get yourself a professional dive coach? Call 00652-392.

1.Which of the following is the best destination for an underwater photographer?

A. The Read Sea. B. The Caribbean.

C. The Japanese Sea. D. The Papua New Guinea waters.

2.What makes Papua New Guinea famous in terms of diving?

A. “Muck Diving”. B. Wreck dive sites.

C. Marine species. D. Medical services.

3.If you want to have a 7-day dive live-aboard tour, contact _____________.

A. 00675-374. B. 00675-325.

C. 00677-366. D. 00652-392.

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

1.表示欢迎；

2.推荐他上哪所大学；

3.建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。

Dear Jim,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Ʌ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

All of we students want to grow up healthily and happily. Here are my tips to you to achieve this goal.

First of all, we should have the positive attitude to life. As we all know, there is not only sunshine but also hard times in our life. So when face with difficulties, we should fight against them bravely. Moreover, working hard is essential that it will contribute to realizing our goal. The reason is because knowledge is power. Only by working hard we get the power to make contribution to our motherland. Final, taking exercise regularly and having balanced diets is also of great importance.

The healthier we are, the happier we will be.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Electric bicycles have made life a lot 1.(easy) for food delivery workers here in China. More than 10,000 kilometers away, there was a familiar sight in New York City. 2., owing to a new policy, e-bikes can no longer be3.(common) seen on the street over there.

City officials in New York are promising a crackdown(严厉打击) on e-bikes. The pollution-free vehicles are loved by environmentalists and the often poor workforce 4.. relies on them. But there are also frequent complaints5. the bicycles from drivers and pedestrians(行人) who consider them6. public danger.

Now it is legal to own and sell the bicycles, but7.(ride) them on the street could lead to a fine of up to $500. Businesses that equip their8.(employ) with the bicycles will also be heavily fined.

The bicycles, which look just like regular bicycles, can reach speeds of 30 km/h and are sometimes operated recklessly (鲁莽的). Lots of people have stories about dangerous situations where they9.(step) out into the street, only to be nearly hit by a quick-moving e-bike.

Police enforcement (强制执行) against the bicycles has already been tightened. Almost 1,000 of them10.. (take) away by police since last year, an increase of several hundred from the year before.

根据句意填上适当的单词或用括号内已给单词的适当形式填空。

1.If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation ____________you might lose it.

2.Thinking makes_______________ we read ours.

3.I still doubt _____________the practical value of this project really exists.

4.It's not_____________ you are from the inside but what you do that defines you.

5.I finally knew the reason for_____________ she didn't talk to me and comforted her.

6.The new school is built on_____________used to be a wasteland.

7.-Hi, Tom, I haven't seen you for ages.

-Yes, I_____________ (live) in London for 3 years.

8.You'd better not phone the manager between 7 and 8 tomorrow evening; he _____________ (have) an important meeting then.

9.I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer, which is_____________ he never finishes anything.

10.Evidence has been found through years of study_____________children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.

    All of us can give others a hand as long as we are willing to do so. Actually, there are some people doing kind things all the time. Spreading kindness, one good deed at a time, is Karla Gibson's mission. "I wish everyone could join me. There are so many ______things going on in the world; 1 mean every day," said Karla.

Karla had the commitment and sense of_______in December of 2013. The single mother of three said she tended to feel depressed around the holidays, so she _______to do something to cheer others up. She started a Facebook page and_______her good deeds each day, from feeding the homeless to giving Easter gifts to the incarcerated( 囚犯) .She hoped to _______others.

"We have to do something. Our_______can make a difference in someone's day. You_______know when someone might be having their worst day, and then somethin! like buying them a coffee can change their whole attitude," Karla______

Karla's greatest_______so far had to do with coffee. On September 27th, Karla i birthday, she went to her local Starbucks and gave the_______$ 127 to pay for othe: people's drinks. She sat at the end of the drive-through holding a_______that read. "Have a great day." She ended up_______about 23 customers. "It was really fun. I was_______one of the best birthdays ever," she said. Her kindness that day didn't gc ______One couple were so grateful that they surprised her with flowers and ballooni to show their______

Karla's acts of kindness have become a_______affair. Her two sons are alwayi_______others. "Sometimes I'll ask Kyle, ‘ So, did you do anything extra nice today? and his answers are like ’Somebody_______something in the hallway and I picked it up or 'I held the door for someone', that kind of thing," said Karla.

It's because of Mom that the boys think it's_______to give a hand to others.“ think it's a great idea of hers. It's always nice to help someone out_______they reallneed it," said Karla's 15-year-old son Chad.

1.A. good B. bad C. new D. casual

2.A. appointment B. duty C. preference D. success

3.A. managed B. agreed C. determined D. hesitated

4.A. did B. mentioned C. shared D. told

5.A. inspire B. greet C. introduce D. remember

6.A. kindness B. happiness C. stories D. sadness

7.A. still B. often C. never D. even

8.A. whispered B. explained C. replied D. reported

9.A. surprise B. challenge C. moment D. place

10.A. cashier B. customer C. beggar D. secretary

11.A. logo B. sign C. symbol D. flag

12.A. paying back B. picking up C. paying off D. paying for

13.A. occasionally B. usually C. probably D. hardly

14.A. unoccupied B. unnoticed C. unorganized D. unquestioned

15.A. wisdom B. existence C. generosity D. appreciation

16.A. society B. love C. holiday D. family

17.A. encouraging B. inviting C. helping D. affecting

18.A. fell B. bought C. found D. dropped

19.A. strange B. reasonable C. cool D. funny

20.A. after B. though C. unless D. when

Winning an Oscar isn't all about acting ability

While the awards claim they recognize the top performances from around the world, a new study has found that you're more likely to win an Oscar if you're an American acting in a film that portrays American culture.1.British actors are more likely to take home an award.

Researchers say the trend suggests viewers are more likely to perceive a performance as "truly brilliant" if they are members of the same social group as the actor. It can be seen, perhaps most famously, in the case of Leonardo DiCaprio, who finally won a long-awaited Oscar in the 88th Academy Awards for his role in The Revenant,which follows the story of an American frontiersman.2.In 2014, Matthew McConaughey won an Oscar for his role in Dallas Buyers Club,and Jennifer Lawrence took an award home in 2013 for Silver Linings Playbook3.The findings come from a new study published in the British Journal of Psychology. The team investigated a total of 908 merit prize winners: 97 winners and 383 nominees for the Oscars, and 97 winners and 331 nominees for the BAFTAs. Overall,they found that US actors dominated the awards,claiming over 50 percent of the prizes across the Oscars and BAFTAs.

4.When the performer and judge shared membership within a particular social group-for example, being American-the actor was more likely to win. As a result, American actors were found to win 52 percent of all BAFTAs, and 69 percent of all Oscars. While British actors won just 18 percent of all Oscars, and 34 percent of BAFTAs.

5.In the Oscars, Americans who performed in films about non-US culture accounted for just 26 percent of the award winners. But, those who performed in films about American culture made up 88 percent of the winners.

A. In recent years, many actors have cast themselves as frontiersmen.

B. Subject matter played a role,too, according to the researchers.

C. And, the same applies to London's BAFTAs.

D. But they also noted a trend within social groups.

E. But the trend also stretches back throughout the years.

F. Things are different in Britain.

G. Daniel Day-Lewis won an Oscar in 2008 for his role in There Will be Blood.

    China's box office numbers continue to grow rapidly. It is estimated that the revenues( 收入) may pass the U. S. market's as soon as this year. However, this cinematic party could be over just as it's getting started. Some companies are working to convince consumers that the ultimate viewing experience is not on the big screen.

Instead, it's on the small ones that are already in their pockets-thanks to the technology of virtual reality.

Already,VR experience centers are popping up in major cities like Beijing and Shanghai. They give customers the opportunity to watch VR movies or play VR games for about the same price as a discount movie ticket. Online video sites, meanwhile, are also moving into the VR field. Some of them, like Youku, have launched(推出) their own VR apps and channels.

China has more than 700 million smartphone users. A large percentage of them are already more than willing to download and watch TV shows and even full-length movies on their handsets. This potentially makes them more likely to embrace VR content than Americans and Europeans.

But in fact, it's not just Chinese companies and video websites that believe VR will pull viewers away from movie theaters. International production companies that, for years, have made block busters (大片) for cinema audiences are also warning that disruptive change is around the corner.

Maureen Fan, chief executive of the Silicon Valley VR start-up Baobab Studios, after bringing her company's animated VR short Invasion to the Shanghai International Film Festival last year, concluded that the field had been evolving much more rapidly than she expected. "What I thought would take ten years has happened in one or two," she said. However, she also noted that the industry needs more people who can create great stories to move VR beyond a niche product(小众产品 ) and into the mass market. "The technology is already there. What continues to be lacking is good content," Fan said. "There's a certain amount, but we would love to see more."

1.What is the main idea of the article?

A. China's box office numbers might see a slight decline in the coming years.

B. People don't need to mind their manners when watching VR movies.

C. Movie theaters in China will be increasingly challenged by virtual reality.

D. More and more Chinese online video sites have had their own VR channels.

2.According to the article, Chinese people might be readier for VR movies than Westerners because .

A. China's box office numbers have been growing faster than those in the West

B. more Chinese people have experienced virtual reality than Westerners

C. China has been more supportive of the development of VR than Western countries

D. more Chinese people have been watching shows on handsets than Westerners

3.According to the article, it could be hard for VR movies to move into the mass market until

A. VR movies become available in theaters

B. online video sites launch more VR channels

C. VR experience centers appear in smaller cities

D. there is a larger amount of good content

4.Which of the following statements would Maureen Fan probably agree with?

A. VR movies will completely replace traditional movies sooner or later.

B. Virtual reality has been experiencing an enormous development.

C. Content matters more than technology when it comes to making movies.

D. The West will catch up with China in terms of the development of VR.

    People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train carriages soon get crowded. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous(单调的) rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon makes you sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. While at night you rarely manage to sleep. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.

Long car journey are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speed, but more often than not, the greater span of the journey is spent on narrow, uneven roads which are crowded with traffic.

By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the broad decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food-always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not and you are likely to get seasick, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship.

Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and a little expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet and at over 500 miles an hour is a pleasant experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real relaxation can be a free film show and some other services. An airplane also offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch on for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and untired.

1.The author indicates that reading can help lessen .

A. the boredom of being in the train

B. the tiresome clicking of the wheels

C. the sleeplessness during the journey

D. the poor atmosphere of the carriages

2.What can we learn about the long distance journey by car?

A. It is safe because the car usually goes at high speed.

B. It is unpleasant because reading is quite impossible.

C. It is exhausting because you seldom manage to sleep.

D. It is dangerous because the traffic is always too busy.

3.Traveling by air is quite different from traveling by other means in that .

A. traveling by air is not so tiring as the others

B. traveling by air brings more fun than the others

C. traveling by air is much more expensive than the others

D. traveling by air offers more time for sleep than the others

4.What's the purpose of writing this passage?

A. To introduce diverse ways of traveling.

B. To point out the best means of traveling.

C. To emphasize the advantages of traveling.

D. To introduce how to relax when traveling

    I was now in my twenty-third year of residence in this island and was so naturalized to the place and to the manner of living that I finally enjoyed the certainty that no savagesc(野人) would come to the place to disturb me, and that I could have been content to spend the rest of my time there, even to the last moment, till I had laid me down and died, like the old goat in the cave.

I had also arrived to some little recreations and amusements, which made the time pass more pleasantly with me a great deal than it did before.

At first, I had taught my Poll to speak. And he did it so familiarly and talked so clearly and plainly that it was very pleasant to me. And he lived with me no less than six years. How long he might live afterwards, I don't know; though 1 know people have an idea in Brazil that they live a hundred years. Perhaps poor Poll may be alive there still, calling Poor Robin Crusoe to this day. I wish no other English man the ill luck to come there and hear him. But if he did, he would certainly believe it was the devil.

My dog was a very pleasant and loving companion to me, for no less than sixteen years of my time, and then died of mere old age.

As for my cats, they multiplied to that degree that I had to shoot several of them at first to keep them from eating up all I had.

Besides these, I had two more parrots which talked pretty well and would all call Robin Crusoe, but neither like my first. Nor indeed did I take the pains with any of them that I had done with him. I had also several tame sea-fowls, whose names I don't know, who I caught upon the shore and cut their wings and the little stakes which 1 had planted before my castle wall being now grown up to a good thick bush; these fowls all lived among these low trees and bred there, which was very agreeable to me; so that as 1 said above, I began to be very well contented with the life I led, if it might have been secured from the threat of the savages.

1.How many kinds of animals except humans are mentioned in this passage?

A. 3. B. 5.

C. 7. D. 9.

2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Savages. B. Brazilians.

C. Islanders. D. Parrots.

3.This passage is selected from a novel. The hero of this novel probably comes from

A. Brazil B. Australia

C. Britain D. the U.S.

4.Which of the following can best summarize the passage?

A. Robin Crusoe loved animals and savages very much.

B. Robin Crusoe trained his animals in pleasant ways.

C. The animals raised by Robin Crusoe brought him much pleasure.

D. The savages always spoiled Robin Crusoe's happy life.

    The Metropolitan Museum of Art

1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028

211-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org

Entrances

Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street

Hours

Open 7 days a week.

Sunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30

Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00

Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1，and the first Monday in May. Admission

$ 25. 00 recommended for adults, $ 12. 00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and the Cloisters（回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.

Free with Admission

All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, and family/children's programs are free with admission.

Ask about today's activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.

The Cloisters Museum and Gardens

The Cloisters Museum and Gardens is a branch of the Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.

Hours

Open 7 days a week.

March-October 10:00-17:15

November-February 10:00-16:45

Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.

1.When can people visit the Cloisters Museum and Gardens?

A. At 11:00, on December 25th.

B. At 9:30, on March 3rd.

C. At 17:00, on February 16th.

D. At 15:00, on October 20th.

2.How much may they pay if an adult with her 10-year-old son visits the museum?

A. $12. B. $37.

C. $ 25. D. $ 62.

3.The attraction of the Cloisters Museum and Gardens lies in the fact that .

A. it opens all the year round

B. its collections date from the Middle Ages

C. it has a modern European-style garden

D. it sells excellent European glass collections

Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers.

The cottages could be an example of the industry’ s odd love affair with “low technology,” a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by hand in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example, but Twitter’s designs lie on the extreme end. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature.

Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire floor is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking trail.

Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “We have lost the connection to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished (贫乏的) , because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “They’re looking for a way to regain their individual identity, and we’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to do that.”

This craft based theory is rooted in history, William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after the Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life,” Morris said.

Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复) our mental capacities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe,” taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.

These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office—even simple views of trees and flowers—felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially nourish the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.

1.The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that ________.

A. Twitter is having a hard time

B. old cottages are in need of protection

C. early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana

D. Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology

2.Low technology is regarded as something that _______.

A. is related to nature    B. is out of date today

C. consumes too much energy    D. exists in the virtual world

3.The main idea of Paragraph 5 is that human beings ________.

A. have destroyed many pre-industrial arts

B. have a tradition of valuing arts and crafts

C. can become intelligent by learning history

D. can regain their individual identity by using machines

4.The writer’s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as ________.

A. positive    B. defensive    C. cautious    D. doubtful

5.What might be the best title for the passage?

A. Past Glories, Future Dreams

B. The Virtual World, the Real Challenge

C. High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices

D. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity

    When I was a kid, I kept using a bike with training wheels. And I didn't______much, so, of course, I didn't learn how to______. One day I observed that my younger sister was getting closer to______ how to get rid of the assistance than I was. I couldn't let her______ me! Like an out­of­control mad man, I grabbed(抓住) my bike, ______the training wheels, pushed it out, and pedaled(踩踏板) all over the neighborhood. I tried to stay near the______ as close as I could, so when I fell, I'd______ crash onto the lawn(草坪) instead of the street. After many short­lived______， I finally learned how to balance!

The process seemed______， since I was afraid of falling. I______ the fear which held me back and gathered the______ instead. I tried my best to fall as much as I might have to, to______ getting hurt, and to quickly get back on the bike and try again. There might be some pain and______， and if so, I'd get hurt and bleed and keep going. It took me probably less than an hour to master the basic skill.

What______ pushed me to set aside the fear and take action? Nothing but the feeling that I was______．My sister could ride without the training wheels while I couldn't. This feeling of ______ gave me a much needed kick. Using such pressure to motivate(激励) progress is ______. Go take action. Make the attempt. Fall. Get hurt. Get up and try again______ the very moment you create the______ results. Everything can be as ______ as riding a bike.

1.A. watch B. practice C. transport D. fall

2.A. park B. speed C. drive D. balance

3.A. figuring out B. deciding on C. looking into D. giving up

4.A. alarm B. assist C. beat D. judge

5.A. examined B. removed C. fixed D. adjusted

6.A. crossing B. handle C. street D. grass

7.A. unbelievably B. hopefully C. awkwardly D. slowly

8.A. attempts B. competitions C. discussions D. lessons

9.A. frightening B. amazing C. embarrassing D. satisfying

10.A. experienced B. canceled C. overcame D. collected

11.A. courage B. patience C. interest D. expectation

12.A. avoid B. regret C. prevent D. risk

13.A. pauses B. blood C. joy D. shock

14.A. easily B. gradually C. luckily D. exactly

15.A. giving in B. catching up C. falling behind D. standing out

16.A. disappointment B. confusion C. respect D. excitement

17.A. confident B. powerful C. negative D. harmful

18.A. while B. though C. since D. until

19.A. unexpected B. direct C. desired D. various

20.A. necessary B. useful C. easy D. complex

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom听说在中国通过扫描二维码(scan QR code)就可以轻松实现移动支付(mobile payment)，感到不可思议。请你写封邮件告知移动支付在中国的相关情况。内容包括：

(1)在中国最流行，提供了便利；

(2)快捷且强大的功能：如买早餐、买地铁票；

(3)改变我们的生活，引领世界。

注意：(1)词数100左右；

(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Dear Mum，

Today I went to a conference. In the conference, 1.两个学生就因特网的优缺点进行了辩论。They made diverse points about the Internet that I had never thought about before. For example, some experts think that 2.花过多的时间上网的后果就是很难建立社会联系。 They were also quite explicit about how heavy Internet users spend more time with their Internet friends than with their real­life friends from school and work. 3.This__is__another__drawback__of__the__Internet__that__alarms__me.They addressed good points of the Internet, as well. For example, with the Internet, up­to­date information is only a click away. 4.We can also correspond with people in distant places. This is very important for disabled people who can't always leave their homes.

5.Both sides presented lots of statistics to support their arguments. My own judgement is that the Internet is beneficial. Otherwise, I would unable to write this e­mail to you!

Love from your son，

Xiaokun

下列句子中各有一处语言错误，请把错误改正，其他部分不得改动。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在右边横线上写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉，在右边横线上写出该词，也用斜线划掉。

修改：在错误的词下划一横线，并在右边横线上写出改正后的词。

1.Most early TV broadcasts were made using a system developing by John Logie Baird in the UK. ______

2.The Amish people vote on if they will accept it. ______________

3.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help. ______________

4.One fortunate outcome of Internet is that it damages people’s ability to live normal lives. ___________

5.One theory explaining this phenomenon suggests that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching to the brain. _______________

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写到答题卡上。

John Allen, an American scientist once said, “The Internet is the world's 1.(large) library, but all the books in it are on the floor！” What he meant 2.(be) that the Internet is full of information but it can be difficult to find 3.you really need. The Internet has another 4.(advantage). Anyone can create a website, so you can find websites about whatever you can imagine. Unfortunately, a lot of what 5.(write) on them isn't always true! At the same time, the Internet provides many other things. On some websites, you can download music and films. They are usually very cheap and some are even free. On some other websites, you can connect with people 6. all over the world. And there are some great online shops, too.

It is true that the Internet 7.(change) the way we work and communicate so far. But we shouldn't depend on  8.too much. Some people are also afraid that 9.(surf) the Internet has taken the place of other healthier activities，10.(especial) for young people. Whether you love it or hate it, though, you'd better get used to it because it's right here to stay.

    Todd Jones is a 15­year­old student from Washington, D．C. In a chat room called Webfriends, he started talking to someone ______ to be a 13­year­old junior high school student in Texas named Josh. For several weeks, they chatted online about their hobbies and quickly ______. Then Josh started telling Todd about his ______. He said that his father had lost his job and his grandmother was very ill. ______ money was urgently needed, he wondered if Todd could help. Feeling bad for his new friend, Todd transferred(转账) $50 to Josh's bank account.

Two weeks later, Josh asked Todd for $50 to help pay for school supplies like notebooks. ______， Todd sent the money. Over the next month, Josh asked Todd for money five times, for a total of $300. Gradually, Todd was beginning to feel ______ of his chat room friend. He turned to Bob Howard, a cybercrime specialist at the police department. After some checking, Howard discovered that Todd's chat room friend was not 13­year­old Josh from Texas but 38­year­old David Klein from New York. As it ______， Klein had made friends with more than twenty middle school students in different chat rooms, using a different ______ each time. By claiming to be poor or ill, Klein had ______ more than $3，000 from these students.

Howard urges everyone to be ______ when they visit chat rooms: “Never send money to someone you meet online or meet online friends in person.”

1.A. seeming B. claiming C. tending D. wishing

2.A. met B. got through C. bonded D. split up

3.A. family B. study C. dream D. outcome

4.A. Before B. Unless C. Once D. Since

5.A. Yet B. Again C. Altogether D. Hardly

6.A. unhappy B. worried C. frightened D. skeptical

7.A. turned out B. came across C. gave away D. broke out

8.A. voice B. relationship C. identity D. outline

9.A. withdrawn B. received C. offered D. stolen

10.A. careful B. sincere C. accurate D. simple

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余选项。

How to Overcome Challenges in Your Life

We all face tough and difficult challenges in life. To overcome challenges you need to have that “never quit” attitude in life. If you develop it, you'll overcome quite a bit.

Motivate yourself. Say “YES, I CAN.” The challenge should bring out the best of you in this situation. Slow it down, and think that process through.1. If you develop that mindset(心态), you'll get it done.

Stay calm and cool­headed. Remain calm when you're facing serious troubles and problems in life. You have to recollect yourself, and calm down. You can't solve problems when you're panicking. Take a deep breath, relax, and slow it down. Think things through calmly.

Let failure and fear fuel you in a positive way. Everyone fails at times. If you fail the first, second, or third time, don't give up.2.

Learn what made you fail and overcome these challenges.Simplify the challenge you're facing. Make the challenge easier than it is.Start by breaking it down into steps. As you get through each step, you develop more confidence and you believe you can get it done, and then you will overcome them.

3. To overcome a challenge, you have to believe you can really do it.You have to find out all the ways you can use to overcome it, and put them to full use with all your effort. It's our own mental stability that's the difficult part. When you do it mentally, you'll actually be able to do it.

A. Stay positive and confident.

B. Most people will avoid any challenge, because they're scared of failing.

C. Develop that confidence in saying there's no way you're going to fail at this.

D. Pick yourself up, and learn from why you've failed, and move on in a positive direction.

    Photos of the moon are beautiful if taken well, but it can be very hard to get a picture of the moon that doesn't look blurry! In order to take a perfect picture of the moon, apart from a high­quality camera, the associated equipment and the skills to set up your camera, you also need to pick a proper time and a good place.

Choose your favorite moon phase. The moon can be photographed in any phase except the new moon, which is not visible to Earth. The first quarter, half, and third quarter phases provide high contrast that allows you to see the craters(坑) in greater detail, while the full moon is a dramatic choice for a skyscraper. What phase you choose is up to your personal preference, but it's best to have a phase chosen before going out to photograph the moon.

Learn when the moon rises and sets. When the moon sets or rises, it is closer to the horizon, making it appear larger and closer. This makes it much easier to photograph! Check an almanac(年历) or a weather app for moon rising and setting times in your area.

Pick a clear night. Clouds, fog, and air pollution will blur your photographs. Check a weather app or watch the weather forecast before leaving for your session and while photographing. A clear night with low smog content and no rain is best for moon photography.

Choose a location away from direct light sources. The moon appears bright because it reflects the light of the sun, and additional light from streetlights, homes, and cars can make the moon appear duller and blurrier in pictures. It is fine if there is light in the distance, but be sure that you are not photographing close to another light source.

1.Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “blurry”？

A. Unclear. B. Transparent.

C. Confusing. D. Ugly.

2.Why is the new moon not a perfect choice when taking a photo of the moon?

A. Because the new moon is not enjoyed by most people.

B. Because the new moon is visibly seen from the earth.

C. Because it appears at the earliest time of a month.

D. Because the new moon can't be photographed on Earth.

3.Which of the following is not a must to take a perfect photo of the moon?

A. A high­quality camera. B. The skills to set up the camera.

C. A weather app. D. A suitable location.

4.What's the main idea of the passage?

A. How to select a camera for a perfect moon photo.

B. How to pick a time and place for a perfect moon photo.

C. What the necessary skills are to take a perfect moon photo.

D. Why the new moon is a bad choice for a perfect moon photo.

    It was many years ago. I was a young dad sitting on the couch reading a fairy tale to my little girl. She sat next to me with her head on my arm as I told the tale. When it came to the end I finished with those famous words: “And they lived happily ever after.” As I looked over to her with her wavy(鬈曲的), brown hair and big, innocent eyes I could see the smile on her face and I never wanted it to end. Then it dawned on me that the ending of the book was what I wanted for her. I wanted her to “live happily ever after”.

Still, deep in my heart I knew that this couldn't always be so. I knew that there would be times when her heart was broken. I knew there would be times when she cried in grief and I couldn't comfort her. I knew there would be times when all she felt was fear, sadness, sorrow, and despair. As I stroked her hair and smiled at her I hoped that those times would be brief and that she would have joy in her life more often than not. Living happily ever after, though, seemed out of the question.

It takes me a lot of years to realize that it is possible to live happily ever after. You just have to do it “one day at a time”. Happiness you see isn't some reward that you get at the end of your journey. Happiness isn't something that depends on what life you own. Happiness is something you create in your life choice by choice and day by day.

The truth is happiness comes when you love. Love is a gift from God. It is love that mends broken hearts. It is love that heals grief. It is love that gives us joy. Choose to “live happily ever after, one day at a time”.

1.What is the author's wish to his daughter?

A. Getting a good job in the future.

B. Making many friends in her school.

C. Traveling around the world in her life.

D. Having a happy life ever after.

2.What can we know from Paragraph 2?

A. Life's meaning consists in devotion.

B. Life is always full of difficulties and challenges.

C. There are times that life goes against us.

D. Everyone has the right to obtain happiness and freedom.

3.How to get happiness in author's opinion?

A. Reward yourself once a day.

B. Create it by yourself in your daily life.

C. Get rid of those disturbing things.

D. Take charge of your life independently.

4.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To show the significance of love.

B. To describe a daughter's growth.

C. To introduce the definition of love.

D. To tell a young father's experience.

    Four books that will inspire you to travel the world

There's truly nothing like travel when it comes to gaining perspectives and exposing yourself to other cultures. To get you in the adventuring mood, we asked Amazon Senior Editor Chris Schlep to help you come up with a list of books that transport readers to another time and place. Below, see his list of four books that will inspire you to travel the world.

ITALY: Beautiful Ruins by Jess Walter

This book by the popular author Jess Walter is a love story that begins on the Italian Coast in the early 60s and eventually concludes in contemporary Hollywood's screen. As the settings shift from Italy to Edinburgh and Los Angeles, you will find yourself longing to go as well. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $28.90

SEATTLE: Where'd You Go, Bernadette by Maria Semple

Maria Semple's first novel is not exactly a love story in Seattle, but if you read it, you just might want to come here to see if people are really as self­involved as the characters in her book. What really shines through is the strange storytelling and the laughs. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $26.60

ENGLAND: Wolf Hall by Hilary Mantel

You can't travel to Thomas Cromwell's England without a time machine, but reading Mantel's prize­winning novel is the next best thing. It will make you long to see the ancient buildings and green grass of the English countryside, most of which are still there. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $25.10

NANTUCKET: Here's to Us by Elin Hilderbrand

Elin Hilderbrand has built a writing career out of writing about her hometown island of Nantucket. Her latest book is Here's to Us, which, perhaps not surprisingly, is a great beach book. Buy it on Amazon. Price: $30.80

1.Which book has been produced into a film according to the text?

A. Here's to Us. B. Wolf Hall.

C. Beautiful Ruins. D. Where'd You Go, Bernadette.

2.What is the feature of the Where'd You Go, Bernadette?

A. Its low price. B. Its characters.

C. Its content about love. D. Its storytelling and laughs.

3.What are you inspired to do by reading Wolf Hall?

A. Broaden our eyes.

B. Appreciate the English countryside.

C. Know the foreign culture.

D. Experience the joy and sadness of the characters.

4.Why is Here's to Us suitable for reading on the beach?

A. Because it's about the author’s hometown island.

B. Because it needs a time machine.

C. Because it's about ancient buildings.

D. Because it exposes yourself to other cultures.

假定你叫李华，你的英国朋友Tom 想体验中国的高铁 (high-speed railway)，于是请你帮他预订从重庆到成都的高铁票。请根据以下提示回一封邮件：

要点包括：1.  对他的到来表示欢迎；

2.  简单介绍中国的高铁；

3.  请对方提前将护照信息发至你的电子邮箱；

4.  当他到重庆时，凭护照在火车站取票。

注意事项：1. 词数100 左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom，

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

短文改错（共10 小题；每小题1分，满分10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计

In Sunday evening I was in a local pizza takeout when couple of teenagers came in. They each ordered a small pizza for them and then they ordered another four large pizzas to be delivered to the nearest police station, where was having a training night. They asked for the delivery person to include a note writing by themselves. In the note they thanked the member of the police station for all they did for the community and for helping their friend when he is in a serious accident. They explained far that he wouldn’t be alive but for their great efforts. I don’t know these kids, but I am very pride of them.

语法填空

Two new satellites of the BeiDou Navigation (导航) Satellite System (BDS) 1.(send) into space on a Long March－3B carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan Province，China at 2：07 a．m. on November 19，2018. The satellites entered a Medium Earth orbit 2.(safe) more than three hours later and will work with 17 other BDS－3 satellites already in space. They are also the 42nd and 43rd 3.(member) of the BDS satellite family.

China launched these satellites with 4. aim of providing navigation services for countries and regions which participate in the Belt and Road Initiative(倡议) by the end of 2018. “This is a key step for BDS developing   5.  a Chinese experimental system to a regional and then a 6.(globe) navigation system，” said Yang Changfeng，chief designer of the BeiDou system. The positioning 7.(accurate) of the BDS－3 system has been improved to 2.5 meters to 5 meters，said Yang.

8.(name) after the Chinese term for the Plough，the BeiDou system has been serving China for 18 years 9. another six BDS－3 satellites will be put into the Medium Earth orbits from 2019 to 2020. The system is expected 10.(provide) first－class services around the globe by the end of 2020.

    In Germany， it's normal to wear your own clothes at school， since there are no rules about uniform． So why did a few schoolmates and I spend two days _______around the school in uniform？ In fact， during these two days， a rather _______event took place： our MUN （Model United Nations） Conference．

It is a conference _______for students from all German schools who want to see how the United Nations really works． They get an opportunity to _______a country， maybe one they don't know much about， and _______debate with other students from different _______on real problems the world is facing now． The aim is to write a  _______at the end， which will help deal with them．

The _______of our conference was "Transcend Borders： Discover Peace"， which _______that the students would be looking at what caused _______among countries and how to overcome it． "Transcend" is just a longer _______for "cross"．

However， the students _______breaking down not only physical national boundaries， but also those _______different nationalities． Of course， this included how to help others who are forced to flee their homeland， for the people _______all students．

Not only was the conference a _______of thinking about difficult global problems， but also everyone had to speak in English while using correct debating language too．_______job! But of course this was a brilliant _______for everyone there， and after a while， you couldn't even _______the students weren't speaking in their first language!

I'd really _______joining in a conference if you get the chance， and sharing your ______． It's the best way to meet new people and to think about how to make the world a better place．

1.A. talking B. wandering C. thinking D. debating

2.A. special B. absurd C. tough D. popular

3.A. provided B. intended C. celebrated D. known

4.A. visit B. manage C. represent D. defend

5.A. softly B. secretly C. unexpectedly D. heatedly

6.A. ages B. classes C. schools D. countries

7.A. settlement B. report C. passage D. summary

8.A. course B. purpose C. plan D. theme

9.A. informs B. responds C. means D. guarantees

10.A. disagreement B. discussion C. competition D. complaint

11.A. process B. phrase C. time D. word

12.A. gave up B. focused on C. brought up D. broke into

13.A. beside B. beyond C. behind D. between

14.A. concerned B. attracted C. changed D. bothered

15.A. possibility B. challenge C. conversation D. chance

16.A. Interesting B. Discouraging C. Awkward D. Useful

17.A. show B. practice C. result D. example

18.A. check B. guess C. tell D. hear

19.A. recommend B. consider C. imagine D. avoid

20.A. feelings B. troubles C. sufferings D. ideas

    You’re growing up. That means you’re probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary. 1. And it’s good!

Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling.2. But it’s partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.

Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster!3.

♦ Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

♦ 4. When you feel your moods swinging or you’re upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

♦ Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed.5.Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you’ll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.

A. Take a time-out.

B. But the truth is, it happens to every teen.

C. Work out regularly to keep physically fit.

D. This changing is needed for your body’s development.

E. It will help you fall asleep-and start the morning right.

F. Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.

G. Usually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.

    The goings-on in the consulting room have become more transparent(透明的）recently. Thank goodness. We know more than the lines supplied by the movies in which the therapist knows all and gives wisdom to those who, sitting on a couch, consult with them. Therapists are interested in how the individual, the couple or the family experiences and understands their difficulties. That has to be a starting place. We can be of value if our first port of call is to listen, to gradually feel ourselves into the shoes of the other, to absorb the feelings that are being conveyed and to think and then to say some words.

The thinking and talking that I do inside the consulting room is at odds with many features of ordinary conversation. Not that it is mysterious, but it isn't concerned with traditional ways of sharing or identifying. The therapist makes patterns and theories, but they are also reflecting on the words that are spoken, how they are delivered and how the words, once spoken, affect the speaker and the therapist themselves.

Words can give voice to previously unknown feelings and thoughts. That’s why it’s called the talking cure. But just as words reveal so, too, can they obscure, and this gets us to the listening and feeling part of the therapy. Whatever and however the words are delivered, they will have an impact on me as a therapist. I might feel hopeless, I might feel energized, I might feel pushed away, I might feel demanded of, I might feel pulled to find solutions.

The influence of the other is what makes any relationship possible or impossible. A therapist is trained to reflect on how those who consult with them affect them. As I try to step into the shoes of the other and then out again, my effort is to hold both those experiences, plus an awareness of my ease or discomfort with what I encounter in the relationship.

Feelings are the bread and butter of our work in the consulting room. They inform or modify our ideas and they enable us to find an emotional bridge to what can so hurt for the people we are working with. Along with the more commonly thought-about theories and ideas we have about the psyche, they are an essential part of the therapist's  toolkit, certainly for me. The talking cure means talking, yes. It also means the therapist is listening, thinking and feeling.

1.In which way is the thinking and talking the writer does different from ordinary conversation?

A. It may not be understood by patients.

B. It is full of terms used by most therapists.

C. It is a good reflection of traditional talking.

D. It involves thinking about how people speak.

2.The word" obscure"(paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to________.

A. cancel B. clarify

C. confirm D. conceal

3.Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with?

A. Patients' influence has been neglected by therapists for too long a time.

B. Therapists need to think from their own perspectives as well as patients'.

C. It is no easy job for therapists to realize how uncomfortable their patients are.

D. Therapists had better push away those negative emotions acquired from patients.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Awareness of feelings B. It’s good to talk—and listen

C. Theories that help therapists D. What is the point of being a therapist