假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim得知北京开展垃圾分类活动，发来邮件询问相关信息，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1、垃圾分类的相关信息（分类标准、社区宣传……）；2、你对垃圾分类的看法。

注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

    The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. 1. He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individual memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space. In all cases, most research on memory studies relies on long procedures 2. They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys. For example, one group of researchers carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War Ⅱ, and the Iraq War. 3. Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.

More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “Culture and individuals’ memory are constantly produced through the technologies of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. 4.

However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we keep track of events both as individuals and as a collective. “The Internet doesn’t forget.” The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting. 5. Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.

A.Research on collective memory is often based on various aspects.

B.There are a few simple things a person can do to help improve their memory.

C.Maurice Halbwachs is recognized as the father of collective memory research.

D.Although all Americans recalled similar events,the interpretation changed over the generations.

E.Also,scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by analyzing their stories.

F.Recently developed information technologies have affected how we create,store and recall information.

G.Meanwhile,it has transformed collective memory into an observable phenomenon that can be tracked and measured online.

    The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.

In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.

Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.

These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.

But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.

For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.

Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.

I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.

1.The first two paragraphs suggest that________.

A.bad medical outcomes affect doctors

B.delivering babies can be difficult work

C.some doctors are not very experienced

D.doctors sometimes make silly mistakes

2.In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.

A.tend to prescribe less effective medicine

B.are more concerned about the patients' safety

C.become less confident in writing a prescription

D.believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding

3.What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Result B.Benefit C.Difference D.Absence

4.The author will probably agree that________.

A.we should not doubt our own decisions

B.our experience will pave way for our future

C.humans are emotional and irrational on the whole

D.instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions

    Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.

Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem it cut.

Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推断).

On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.

It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to recognize between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.

Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.

“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.

She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains based on guesses for now, she says.

1.The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that________.

A.tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurt

B.plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far away

C.humans can hear water-hungry plants crying

D.moths like laying eggs on stressed plant

2.What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the finding of the experiment?

A.Disappointed B.Cautious. C.Appreciative. D.Optimistic.

3.Taking advantage of the new research finding,farmers can________.

A.harvest crops in time B.reduce greenhouse effects

C.diagnose plant condition faster D.detect and remove insects easily

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.Plants get stressed Just Like Us.

B.Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away.

C.Cries of plants break Farmers’Hearts

D.Plants scream in the presence of stress

    My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade. The teacher said, “She may not be up to what we’re trying to accomplish.” He was really saying she didn’t have the intelligence. I got mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known I was smart when I was failing in school. We had her tested. I decided to get myself tested as well, and found that the troubles she was having were exactly what I had had — dyslexia. By then I was a successful television writer, and had won an Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.”

If I had known earlier that something beyond my control could explain why I was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was writing and writing. I was working for no other reason than to hear people praise me, because I did badly in all my courses.

I once asked a friend who had always gotten an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didn’t. I just glanced at it.” So he must be smarter. I began to ask, “What will happen to me when I’m not good at anything?” Despite my doubts, I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So you’ve overcome dyslexia.”

No. You don’t overcome it, you learn to compensate for it. Some easy things are very hard for me. Most people who go through college read twice as fast as I do. I avoid dialing a phone if I can, because I sometimes have to try three times to get the number right.

Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift, not a curse (诅咒). Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is. And I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my strength.

The real fear I have for dyslexic children is not they have to struggle in school, but that they will quit on themselves before they get out of school. Parents have to create victories for them, whether it’s music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other things I can do.”

1.The writer decided to get himself tested as well because he________.

A.wanted to know if they had the same problem

B.didn’t believe his daughter had the problem

C.had to take a regular medical examination

D.accepted that his daughter was not smart

2.We can learn from the second paragraph that the writer________.

A.struggled and got better grades

B.didn’t work hard when he was young

C.was praised for overcoming dyslexia

D.was thankful not knowing of dyslexia earlier

3.According to the passage, a dyslexic person________.

A.is less intelligent B.always fails in school

C.reads more slowly than normal people D.performs worse in left-brain activities

4.What can we learn from the story?

A.Clumsy birds have to start flying early. B.God shuts one door but opens another.

C.Never judge a person by his appearance. D.No one can make a good coat with bad cloth.

Get involved with our research

Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.

Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia (失眠) research

Trouble sleeping? Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerised tasks. If you are interested, please contact the research team at insomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.uk

Volunteers with lazy eye wanted

We are looking for volunteers with a history of lazy eye to take part in our brain scanning study. We are looking for healthy volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 for more information.

Oxford Vaccine Group

The Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary (多学科的) clinical trials group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To get more information, please see the OVG website.

Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences

The Oxford Internet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making. We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person Contact us at socialscience.study @ox.ac.uk for more information.

1.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To offer medical help to patients. B.To look for experienced researchers.

C.To introduce new research programs. D.To recruit volunteers for research projects.

2.The goal of oVG is to________.

A.carry out clinical trials B.produce better vaccines

C.learn more about infection D.study the causes of diseases

3.You can finish the experiment on your home PC if you join________.

A.Oxford Vaccine Group B.Insomnia research group

C.Oxford Experimental lab D.Brain Scanning study group

I Have Two Names

Oyindasola means ''Honey poured into my wealth. '' It's fairly common Nigerian (尼日利亚的) name, mainly used for girls._________, I’m known as Oyindasola but my nickname is Chelsea. Some ask why I don’t use my real _________ and I tell them what my father told me: a story about him _________ Chelsea, South West London a year after I was born. I tell them that this nickname spoke to him so much that it _________ on every birthday cake of mine.

When I was seven, inside the brick walls of our townhouse in New York, we decided to _________ to Nigeria. And my mother needed to know what my family there would call me. The nickname I’d been called for as long as I could _________ or the complex name on my passport? A simple question. But it tore me apart.

A week later we found ourselves at an airport with groups of Nigerians speaking as we _________ for our cab. After a week of getting used to the spicier foods, and sharper scents, I fell into _________. Soon, my memories of Disney in America were _________ with sounds of Nigerian music. My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian __________, and the words shared between my mother and grandmother in their native tongue finally __________. But, I still wasn't Nigerian enough. Their unfriendly looks and __________ were a constant reminder of who I was: an American girl with the westernized name. So I wasn't __________ sad when my mother announced our back to America for her work.

On the first day of middle school in America, __________ coursed through me because I knew my birth name wouldn't __________ the attendance list just as I couldn't fail to draw others' attention. I was __________ when the teacher mispronounced my painfully long name and my classmates laughed.

But with every passing year, came new __________. Every new attendance roll (考勤) call was responded with a braver voice and a __________ smile. That long name, mispronounced or not, is mine. The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine. Who I am is simple: a Nigerian girl with __________ to the American dream, a girl with two __________ and two names.

1.A.Luckily B.Frankly C.Legally D.Obviously

2.A.origin B.name C.identity D.signature

3.A.visiting B.describing C.abandoning D.leaving

4.A.competed B.happened C.passed D.appeared

5.A.drive B.move C.pace D.walk

6.A.imagine B.predict C.remember D.survive

7.A.headed B.answered C.changed D.turned

8.A.conversations B.chaos C.desperation D.routine

9.A.connected B.replaced C.faced D.decorated

10.A.recreation B.lifestyle C.accent D.diet

11.A.made sense B.took shape C.died away D.ran out

12.A.gifts B.decisions C.negotiations D.remarks

13.A.rarely B.really C.perfectly D.nervously

14.A.anxiety B.disappointment C.rudeness D.shock

15.A.form B.throw C.ruin D.escape

16.A.guilty B.regretful C.embarrassed D.confused

17.A.sympathy B.confidence C.generosity D.honesty

18.A.kinder B.weaker C.wider D.friendlier

19.A.reaction B.objection C.response D.access

20.A.languages B.advantages C.degrees D.occupations

假定你是某某学校高中学生李华，因新冠肺炎疫情还未得到有效控制，省教育厅宣布延期开学，请你写一封英文通知发布在校园网上。要点如下：1.严禁学生假期到校；2.远程教育，在线心理辅导；3. 如有调整，另行通知。

注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：疫情 epidemic教育部 Ministry of Education 在线心理辅导 online psychological guidance新冠状病毒novel coronavirus

Notice

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有5处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改5处，多者(从第6处起)不计分。

Li Mei did well in the midterm examination, when LiHua, her brother did poorly and felt disappointed. In order cheer him up, Li Mei decided to take him to get close to nature. In the way, she exchanged her thoughts with Li Hua. She told him that he could make a great progress by making efforts. Li Hua followed her advice final and did very well in the next exam.

    The earliest memory I have of my father is one of me as a young boy holding his hand by his two last fingers as we walked together.

As I grew older I remember us listening over a radio to high school ball games together. I would_________how many points each player would score as the game went on. Too small to stay awake for the_______game, I always fell asleep_______the game ended. But the next morning I would find by my pillow the score sheet filled out with the _______score on; it was _______by my father.

In high school I became very interested in athletics. My father would_______all my games. Good _______ in my senior year entitled our football team to the state championship game. The night before, my father_______announced he had to _______ the bread to the stores and the site of the games was a three-hour drive from his route. Back then I wasn’t fully noticing his ________.

The next day as game time approached, I couldn’t help thinking about Dad. Suddenly, I saw a bread truck pulling into the stadium. ________completed, he made the long drive in time to at least see ________of my championship game.

Years later, I was awakened early one morning by a ring at 5:30 A.M. As I ________to answer the phone, I’ll never forget the sound of the sheriff’s voice — my dad had just been killed in an automobile accident on his way to work. It felt as if my heart had been torn away.

For long I tried to remain strong________it and pretended I didn’t care until one day in the playground a little boy walked up to me and grabbed my hand by my last two fingers. I completely lost it — I just let go and cried. And I felt a sense of________.Sometimes you just have to cry and there’s no need to hold back anymore.

1.A.add up to B.keep track of C.catch up with D.get down to

2.A.exciting B.competitive C.whole D.boring

3.A.until B.before C.unless D.when

4.A.original B.unbelievable C.unexpected D.final

5.A.created B.forecast C.completed D.founded

6.A.instruct B.accompany C.attend D.train

7.A.performances B.grades C.argument D.environment

8.A.happily B.doubtfully C.proudly D.sadly

9.A.remove B.deliver C.sell D.order

10.A.relief B.excitement C.ignorance D.regret

11.A.Work B.Construction C.Match D.Cooperation

12.A.part B.all C.most D.kind

13.A.managed B.attempted C.switched D.struggled

14.A.against B.beyond C.through D.over

15.A.weight B.relief C.joy D.humor

    When the morning sun looks in through your bedroom window, do you jump out of bed ? Or do you roll over and groan? Enough sleep can make the difference between a great day and a terrible one!

A good night's sleep doesn't just happen. You need to prepare for it. 1. First, go to bed at the same time every day, and get up at the same time. If you

haven't gotten a good night's sleep, don't oversleep the next morning. Get up at your regular time. Sleeping late for just a couple of days can change your body clock to a different cycle. You don't want that if you have a set daily schedule!

Also, avoid big meals at night. 2. Your stomach works hard to digest those fatty foods, and that may keep you up.

Your body produces a chemical called melatonin （褐黑色素） that helps you sleep. Light affects the amount of melatonin your body makes 3. . So at night turn off your TV and computer. Also, don't read from a backlit device like an iPad. Some scientists think that the light from those devices stops your body from making melatonin. 4.

Maybe you can't sleep or you wake up in the middle of the night. 5. Get up and do something relaxing elsewhere. Then go back to bed when you bed when you-feel sleepy. If you worry a lot, make a list of things you need to do the next day. Do that an hour before bed. That way you get your worrying out of the way before you go to bed.

A.It produces more in the evening and less in the daytime.

B.Don't just lie in bed.

C.So stay away from smart phones and iPads.

D.Various experts have given tips to help.

E.You'll be able to face a new day after a good night's sleep.

F.So turn those screens off at least one hour before bedtime.

G.Eating heavy, rich food within two hours of bedtime can keep you awake.

Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily.

Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind.

Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip (硅芯片). It is smaller than a finger nail, but it can store lots of information. It is an electronic brain. Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways. In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it?

Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now?

1.From paragraph 1, we can know ________.

A.why early human beings cut skin from dead animals

B.how early human beings discovered the tools

C.what early human beings used the tools for

D.what food early human beings stored

2.The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it ________.

A.was very important to the development of mankind

B.led to the invention of machines in the early time

C.developed cooking abilities of mankind

D.was one of the first tools of mankind

3.The silicon chip is mentioned in the passage to ________.

A.show the changes of tools

B.introduce a new kind of tool

C.give an example of using tools

D.compare the effects of two kinds of tools

4.At the end of the passage the author seems to suggest that life in future is ________.

A.out of order B.less colorful

C.hard to predict D.full of meanings

    “Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” Mason, a volunteer said.

National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity to encourage others to take their first step to becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organisation’s expections. Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.

The following tips can help if you have some of these worries.

●Start out slowly, don’t add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone’s life.

●Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.

●Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.

●Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organisation’s expections.

●Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.

●Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. If one experience doesn’t work, don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportunity.

Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “…little things can change a person’s life.”

1.Volunteering can help______.

A.make a decision B.make a person’s life better

C.thank other people D.see the world clearly

2.What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step?

A.They don’t have enough time. B.They are prevented by their families.

C.They fear their abilities are shared. D.They don’t expect to become volunteers.

3.Which of the following can help people take the first step?

A.Start out quickly. B.Organize a training meeting.

C.Invite a friend to be with them. D.Join in a group with different values.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.To tell people to make changes in their lives.

B.To encourage people to start their volunteering.

C.How to make great achievements in volunteering.

D.How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.

    When you were a little child, your parents made decisions about everything for you because you weren’t old enough to take care of yourself and make careful decisions. Finally, however, you grow up and become a teenager. You begin to have your own thoughts and opinions about life.

As you change and grow into this new person who makes your own decisions, your parents may have a difficult time adjusting (调整). They aren’t used to the new you — they only know you as a child.

In most families, this adjustment can cause lots of arguments between teens and parents. You want to cover your walls with posters, but your parents don’t understand why you don’t like your wallpaper any more. Then you feel your parents don’t respect you and don’t allow you to do what you like, and your parents get angry because they disagree with your decisions. And some other things — like the type of friends you have — can cause even bigger arguments, because your parents will always be ready to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are.

However, the good news is that there will be fewer arguments as your parents realize that you have grown up and should have your own ideas. Before you get on well with each other again, communication between you and your parents is very important.

1.The writer describes______in the first paragraph.

A.the decisions you may make B.the changes you may make

C.the happy time you may have D.the friends you may have

2.Why do your parents need to adjust when you become independent?

A.Because they don’t often stay at home. B.Because they are busy at work.

C.Because they get angry easily. D.Because they’re not familiar with the new you.

3.From the passage, we can learn that______.

A.teenagers like to be with their parents

B.parents may have a happy time adjusting

C.parents don’t need to respect their children

D.the type of friends you have may cause bigger arguments

4.In order to get on well with your parents, you should often______.

A.communicate with them B.agree with their ideas

C.protect them D.do what you like

    Whether you will be a doctor or a police officer in the future, there’s a teacher in your life. They teach you and help you know who you are. Of course, you want to thank them.

Teachers’ Day is the perfect chance for students around the world to thank their teachers. The festival falls on different days in different countries.

In China, Teachers’ Day is on September 10th. But in the US, teachers have a whole week to celebrate. Teacher Appreciation Week is in the first full week of May every year. Kids used to bring apples for their teachers because apples are healthy. Now, they bring gifts with pictures of apples, such as cups, picture frames and teddy bears. Some students also make DIY gifts for their teachers. During the week, school clubs often offer teachers a free breakfast of coffee and cakes.

The South Korean Teachers’ Day is on May 15th. Many students offer flowers to their teachers. Another traditional gift is a card. Thousands of students prepare personalized cards and give them to their favorite teachers.

Although different countries have different Teachers’ Days, there’s one day for the whole world to honor teachers. On October 5th of every year, over 100 countries such as Canada and the Philippines, express their thanks by celebrating World Teachers’ Day. UNESCO started the day in 1994. It wants to remind people of the importance of teaching.

Only you can make a card like this one. A fingerprint card is a good gift on Teachers’ Day. You will need: card, pen and colorful ink.

Press your ink-covered finger on a clean card.

Use a pen to make your fingerprint into an animal or a robot.

Write words like “You are a wonderful teacher.” or “Thank you for teaching me.” on the card.

Some thank-you notes for great teachers:

I am lucky to have the best teacher in the world. Wherever I may go in my life, I will always remember that I had an excellent guide … You.

You are not only my teacher; you are my friend. I will always be grateful to you for your support and kindness.

1.According to the passage, apples used to be a good choice of gifts for Teachers’Day because______.

A.students want to wish their teachers good health

B.apples are in season on Teachers’Day

C.students want to wish their teachers success

D.apples are sweet and cheap

2.More than 100 countries celebrate World Teachers’Day on________.

A.May 5th B.May 15th C.October 5th D.September 10th

3.The part of “Only you can make a card like this one” is to tell the readers_______.

A.where to order a beautiful card B.how to make a meaningful DIY card

C.what kind of gift is best for teachers D.how to order a teacher’s card online

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

An old wooden seat that Susan extremely valued often reminded her of mother’s Golden Rule.

Back in the 1930s, the country life was really tough. One day after dinner, Susan’s mother sat on the seat, announcing to the children the Golden Rule: “Treat others the way you want to be treated.” Susan reflected carefully and seriously on what her mother had said. She resolved that she would keep in mind and follow the rule.

One Saturday afternoon, she went to farmer Jason’s inn (小旅馆) to get the pay for her mother’s washing for the guests there, which amounted to five dollars. She found Jason in the yard, who, as all the villagers knew, was selfish and mean.

His eyes clouded with anger, as he had just finished a quarrel with one of his guests. He held in his hand an open wallet, full of bills. He barely noticed Susan until she made her request for the money. Instead of shouting at her, as usual, for troubling him when he was busy, he handed her a bank note.

Feeling relieved for escaping from Jason so easily, Susan hurried out of the inn. When carefully putting the money into her pocket, she discovered that Jason had given her two bills instead of one, and her first reaction was joy at the unexpected prize. She looked around and there was nobody nearby to share her discovery. “It is mine. All mine.” she said to herself. “I will buy mum a new coat with it, and she can give her old one to sister Mary, and then Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter. I wonder if I can buy a pair of shoes for brother Tom too.”

Just at that moment, she realized that Jason must have given the extra money to her by mistake, and therefore she had no right to own it. But a voice of temptation (诱惑) whispered, “He gave it, and you can keep it. He will never know, even if it is a mistake. ”

As Susan hurried home, this conflict went on in her mind.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Susan’s face became red with embarrassment and annoyance.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

春季是充满希望的季节，但也是各种传染病多发的季节。假定你是校学生会主席李华， 请代表学生会给你校英语报“青少年健康”栏目写一封主题为“健康生活.远离病毒”的 倡议书，内容包括：

1.简述倡议目的；

2.提出防范措施；

3.倡议共同行动。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已经给岀，不计入词数。

（相关词汇：传染病 infectious diseases； 口 罩：mask：病毒：virus）

Dear fellow students,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Student Union

    I live in a landscape surrounded by shopping malls. So it’s quite ______ to feel connected to the land. I wanted ______ for my children: soil, Mother Earth and ecology. I’m a classic suburban mom. But I grew up ______ summers at my grandparents’ farm. I used to pick wild blackberries, catch fishes, and run between the tows of tall corm plants. I knew what wild garlic looked like. I ______ picked flowers from the honeysuckle (金银花) and sucked the nectar (花蜜) out. I’ve ______ my kids to do the same. “It’s so sweet, Mom,” they told me.

____, instead of teaching my kids about the landscape, I decided to teach them a love of the land they live in. I was determined to ______ PBL-place-based learning. So we went to the ______ parking lot near the dead mall and ______ dandelion (蒲公英) greens, which make delicious spring salad. We dug with sticks in the wheel ruts (车辙印) along the road while going home. My ten-year old found a special rock which ______ him to start a rock collection. In the fall. I took my kids to stands of chestnut trees and ______ them how to get the eatable nuts from the branches. I had taught them some big ______ about the earth, the ______ of which they should have appreciation for.

It has been revolutionary to be outside. We have ______ simply walking, observing, feeling the dirt under our feet, and happily bringing home something we ______ with our own hands.

1.A.challenging B.wonderful C.relaxing D.disappointing

2.A.admiration B.gratitude C.connection D.amusement

3.A.learning B.spending C.expecting D.witnessing

4.A.voluntarily B.instantly C.delicately D.carelessly

5.A.forbidden B.required C.ordered D.taught

6.A.However B.In conclusion C.As a result D.Similarly

7.A.investigate B.practice C.test D.discover

8.A.abandoned B.scary C.new D.collapsed

9.A.touched B.smelt C.viewed D.sought

10.A.urged B.inspired C.forced D.needed

11.A.informed B.watched C.asked D.showed

12.A.classes B.courses C.lessons D.lectures

13.A.scenery B.beauty C.future D.custom

14.A.imagined B.considered C.enjoyed D.insisted

15.A.harvested B.planted C.made D.shared

Urban Wildlife

Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wild, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors.

Cities are built for humans. 1.For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.

2.When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of

thousands of bats. 3. Now, they have come to value their winged neighbors. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.

There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. 4.

If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us. 5. Our own future will be endangered too.

A.They are built to protect birds.

B.Our actions sometimes help other species.

C.If we do not, more species will become extinct.

D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.

E.Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.

F.At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.

G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.

    Forget about the “post-1995 generation”. Young people born in 1995 or later have another name in English — Generation Z. They are entering adulthood and will soon shape our future, which is why policy makers, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. So, how should we pin down the Gen Z-ers?

Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen-Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born. Social media has changed the way Gen Z-ers interact with each other and how they get and process information. They read news from Twitter, watch videos from Vine, share experiences in Instagram and post recipes in Pinterest.

“We are the first true digital natives. I can almost simultaneously create a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram and talk on the phone, all from the user-friendly iPhone,” said Hannah Payne, an 18-year-old UCLA student.

It is noted that young people in the UK are becoming more active in Politics. Young people regard voting as one option among many to show their political engagement that can potentially influence policies. Instead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism (女权主义) or climate change. And “much of the engagement and organizing they do takes place on social media rather than through traditional political structures,” according to the Guardians.

Gen Z-ers are also culture creators. Growing up with the Internet has freed this generation from traditional cultural expression. They are no longer willing to let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules.

“We decide what kind of content we want to experience and choose how we experience it,” wrote Masback, a Huffington Post blogger and a Gen Z-er herself.

1.What does the underlined phrase “pin down” mean in Paragraph 1?

A.Cooperate with. B.Firmly convince.

C.Clearly understand. D.Communicate with.

2.What is special about the Gen Z-ers’ engagement in politics?

A.It’s topic-specific. B.It stresses social response.

C.It’s party-based. D.It has an immediate effect.

3.What can be inferred about the Gen Z-ers from the last two paragraphs?

A.They enjoy great freedom to express themselves. B.They are unwilling to obey their parents.

C.They are rooted in traditional culture. D.They are addicted to social media.

4.What is the author’s attitude towards Gen Z-ers?

A.Worried. B.Critical. C.Objective. D.Appreciative

    Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.

“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.

Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists (流行病学家) on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rain forests and into orchards (果园) in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.

“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”

Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.

1.How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair?

A.By breaking animals’habits. B.By increasing animals’varieties.

C.By promoting animals’breeding. D.By changing animals’living environment.

2.What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3?

A.Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.

B.Proving the harm of bats to human beings.

C.Showing the effects of climate change on disease.

D.Presenting scientists’early study about the cause of disease.

3.What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4?

A.Humans should give up studying animals.

B.Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.

C.Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.

D.Past data can solve the problems in the future.

4.What could be the best title for the text?

A.Climate Change and Disease Spillover

B.Animals’Interaction with Humans

C.Early Studies about Extreme Weather

D.Scientists’Prediction for Disease Outbreaks

    My violin is like a soul mate that whispers words of wisdom to me. Together, we’ve gone through both tears and happiness.

About 12 years ago, I made acquaintance with it following an order from my mom. Many hours of boredom were spent practicing it. And to make things worse, the disappointment in my teacher’s eyes as I played the wrong notes was like an invisible hammer, striking on my heart. One day, I finally decided: I hate it!

By chance, things changed when I was seven. I was at home lying on the sofa, wondering how those famous violinists dealt with this terrible dilemma. I searched online for the E-minor Concerto, a well-known violin work by German composer Felix Mendelssohn, and listened to it.

A beautiful and mysterious sound came from the violin as the bow moved across it. It was like the music slid over the flowers, rose up, and started to fill the air. The violin’s voice woke up the sun, made the trees green, and freshened the air. As the music changed, the sky turned back to gray. A gloomy shade covered the grass as all the sunshine disappeared. I could hear children crying and men shouting. It was like an invisible claw had grabbed my heart tightly, making it unable to beat.

That glorious day set off my passion and interest in violin — I grabbed mine and never let it go. Before the memories faded, I stared at my instrument. Without hesitating, I picked it up, rosined (用松香擦) the bow, and began to play. Peace filled my heart.

My violin has been by my side for 12 years. When I feel happy, an energetic tune makes it even better; when I’m deep in sorrow, a peaceful tune washes it away, when I’m walking on air, feeling especially pleased with my achievements, solemn (庄严的) tunes calm me down. Gradually, it has become a part of my life.

My violin, shall I compare you to a summer’s day?

1.What further contributed to the author’s dislike of violin-playing?

A.Orders from mum. B.Disappointment in the teacher’s eyes.

C.Loss of passion for violin. D.Boredom of practice.

2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A.The author’s feeling was continuously influenced by the music.

B.The weather actually changed because of the tune.

C.The sudden change made the author’s heart unable to beat.

D.The scenery outside the room was quite attractive.

3.Why did the author pick up the violin again?

A.The invisible hammer and claw are gone. B.The beautiful imagination changed his attitude.

C.A famous tune aroused his interest and passion. D.He was crazy about Felix Mendelssohn’s works.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.Deep love for music B.My dislike and like of violin

C.An inspiring violin D.Musical soul mate—violin

    European architecture in Tianjin is a window showing China’s historical changes. In a one-day tour, you can see some old western-style private residences, former Imperial Gardens and enjoy Tianjin snacks, like a time traveler.

The Garden of Jingyuan

The Garden of Jingyuan was constructed in 1921. It’s now an excellent example of an old private residence in Tianjin, which is now well-preserved. The last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Puyi, once lived here after his abdication(退位), from July 1929 to November 1931. He changed the name to Jingyuan, which references his desire to strengthen and ennoble his spirit by living in a peaceful environment.

Address: 70 Anshan Road, Heping District

Transport: Anshan Road (Subway Line 1)

Tickets & Opening Hours: Closed Monday; Tuesday to Sunday, 8:30-5:00p.m. RMB ¥20 per person

Zhangyuan Garden

This grand mansion was built in 1915 by Zhang Biao, a former high-ranking official in the Qing Court. In 1924, Dr. Sun Yat-sen and his wife Soong Ching Ling stayed in it for several months. In 1925, Puyi, the last emperor of China, had a brief stay here after his abdication from Beijing. It is certainly a strange coincidence that the founder of the Republic of China and the last emperor chose exactly the same place to live, though at different times.

The mansion is visible from the street, but the buildings and gardens are not open to the public at present.

Italianate Street

Nearly 200 European-style buildings have been conserved in the old Italian Concession(租借地)and form the modern --Italian-style Street  on the north bank of the Haihe River. The street has been developed as a shopping center and entertainment district. A square named after Marco Polois surrounded by numerous Italianate large buildings. Pictures of their former residences will be a highlight of your photo albums.

Address: The Cross Between Shengli Road and Ziyou Road, Hebei District

Transport: Jianguo Road (Subway Line 2)

Tickets & Opening Hours: Access all day for nothing

If you want to feel old-people’s lives and taste snacks in Tianjin, you can tour to Confucian Temple near the Ancient Culture Street . Most snacks in Tianjin are made of flour. Some are deepfried or baked while some are made into sticky sweets. Goubuli steamed stuffed baozi, ear-hole fried cake and Guifaxiang fried dough twists are the top three local snacks.

1.What can we know from Puyi’s renaming the place to Jingyuan?

A.He wanted to feel old-people’s lives and taste snacks.

B.He desired to strengthen and ennoble his imperial palace.

C.He was determined to well preserve this Chinese-style residence.

D.He would like to lead a quiet and calm life after his abdication.

2.Which of the following tourist attractions is not open to the visitors?

A.The Garden of Jingyuan B.Italianate Street

C.Zhangyuan Garden D.Confucian Temple

3.What’s the best thing you can do in Italianate Street?

A.Buying Italian clothes for your family.

B.Taking pictures with Italian friends.

C.Enjoying European-style buildings.

D.Walking around the Marco Polo Square.

假定你是学生会主席李华，当前新冠状病毒（the COVID-19）肆虐，请你围绕“从小事做起共战疫情”这一主题，给全校学生写一封英文倡议书。

要点如下：

1.倡议的原因和目的。

2.倡议的具体内容。

3.发出倡议。

注意：

1.词数120左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear schoolmates,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The Students’ Union

July 11th, 2020

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

I used to pay little attention to the important of breakfast. I often studied late into the night and choose to skip breakfast. By this way I could have a few extra minutes in bed. Felt hungry in class, I found it difficult to concentrate on my lessons. What’s worse, I was even failed in one of the most important exam. Now, I have realized that breakfast, that can provide 30 percent of the whole day’s energy, plays essential role. Therefore, it is necessary for we students to start our day with a regularly breakfast.

    I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents took us there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1 Capitan, a _______ rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew _______ I wanted to climb it. That has been my life’s passion (钟爱) ever since — _______ the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I’ve long made Yosemite my _______

About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of _______, like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It’s _______ me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a _______ home-like place this way.

I tried _______ trash (垃圾) myself, but the job was too big. I would _______ an hour or two on the job, only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later. Finally, I got so ________ it that I decided something had to ________.

As a rock-climbing guide, I knew ________ about organizing any big event. But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a ________. On that day, more than 300 people ________. Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was ________ how much we were able to accomplish. I couldn’t believe the ________ we made — the park looked clean!

Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and ________ 132 miles of roadway.

I often hear people ________ about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by ________ rather than complaining .We need to teach by ________. You can’t blame others unless you start with yourself.

1.A.distant B.hard C.loose D.huge

2.A.gradually B.finally C.immediately D.recently

3.A.painting B.climbing C.measuring D.approaching

4.A.home B.palace C.garden D.shelter

5.A.dust B.waste C.materials D.resources

6.A.against B.over C.beyond D.within

7.A.new B.safe C.happy D.beautiful

8.A.picking up B.breaking down C.throwing away D.digging out

9.A.wait B.save C.kill D.spend

10.A.delighted in B.tired of C.satisfied with D.used to

11.A.aim B.stress C.change D.depend

12.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something

13.A.concert B.picnic C.party D.cleanup

14.A.showed up B.called back C.dropped out D.looked around

15.A.puzzling B.amazing C.amusing D.interesting

16.A.plan B.visit C.difference D.contact

17.A.covered B.crossed C.measured D.designed

18.A.argue B.complain C.quarrel D.talk

19.A.thinking B.questioning C.doing D.watching

20.A.method B.explanation C.research D.example

    Self-esteem (自尊) plays a role in almost everything you do. 1. If you want to improve your self-esteem, here are some useful tips.

★Try to stop having negative thoughts about yourself. If you’re used to focusing on your shortcomings, start thinking about positive aspects of yourself. 2.

★View mistakes as learning opportunities. Accept that you will make mistakes because everyone does. 3. Remind yourself that a person’s talents are constantly developing, and everyone does well in different things.

★4. If you realize that you’re unhappy with something that you can change, then start today. If it’s something you can’t change (like your height), then start to work toward loving yourself the way you are.

★Make a contribution. Help a classmate who’s having trouble, offer to clean up your neighborhood or volunteer your time in some other way. 5.

★Have fun. Enjoy spending time with the people you care about and doing the things you love. Relax and have a good time.

It takes some work to develop good self-esteem, but once you do it’s a skill you’ll have for life.

A.Mistakes are part of learning.

B.Recognize what you can change and what you can’t.

C.Each day, write down the things that make you happy.

D.Low self-esteem is a negative evaluation (评价) of oneself.

E.That your help is valued can do wonders to improve self-esteem.

F.Experience is the great thing that enables you to recognize a mistake.

G.People with high self-esteem do better in school and find it easier to make friends.

    Experts say that food is one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global greenhouse gas methane emissions. While cows are the worse contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.

Animal farming also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!

Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.

Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1.700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.

While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insets as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insets are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat. So eat insects, both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!

1.Which of the following animals are responsible for the most global methane emissions?

A.Sheep. B.Pigs. C.Cows. D.Donkeys.

2.How is the third paragraph mainly developed?

A.By asking questions. B.By providing examples.

C.By listing the numbers. D.By making comparisons.

3.What do tree worms taste like?

A.Pig meat. B.Tomato soup. C.Fresh vegetables. D.Fried chicken.

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.Few people eat insects regularly. B.Ordinary insects are high in fat.

C.Saturated fat is harmful to health. D.Insects contain various vitamin.

    Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel and lash out at us.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 in China and some other countries is an example. Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization, said, “This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale (规模), human population density (密度), wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病).”

In ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe (敬畏). For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. Chinese ancients always tried to keep the harmony between nature and human beings.

However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings and capture wild and rare animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance.

Although we don’t know for sure what first caused the COVID-19 outbreak, it’s time for people to reflect on our relationship with our planet and reconnect with this world and everything that we’ve been given. After all, nature is not the place to visit. It’s our home.

1.What does the phrase “lash out at” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A.Control. B.Challenge. C.Destroy. D.Punish.

2.What lesson did Daszak think human beings should learn from the COVID 19 outbreak?

A.Humans should live peacefully with nature.

B.Bats are one of the most dangerous wild animals.

C.We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.

D.It’s impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.

3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A.How human activities cause global warming.

B.How human beings break the balance of nature.

C.How human beings become their own masters.

D.How humans use technology to improve their lives.

4.What is the author’ s purpose in writing this article?

A.To reflect on the COVID-19 outbreak.

B.To explain what led to the COVID-19 outbreak.

C.To describe experts’ predictions on new pandemics.

D.To compare ancient and modern attitudes toward nature.

    When I was five years old, I played the role of the tortoise in a play. I had one line at the end when I beat the sleeping rabbit: The slow and steady one wins the race. I’ve always felt that those words guide my work. I am never the fastest, but I keep going. My goal is always the same: to learn more this year than what I learned last year.

The goal of education is not to have much knowledge as quickly as possible, but to have much knowledge and keep it in the brain. I don’t care how “fast” students learn something as a teacher. There may be a lot of reasons someone picks up a subject or topic more quickly: more background, knowing the material early, more sleep that night, less stress, and so on. We deal with information differently. When I see slow students, that’s what I think of: Are those the students who will keep learning over their entire lifetime, and leave the “quick” students far behind?

I was slow in my math classes in university. Looking back on those days, I’ve come to realize that one of the ways I learn is “mistake based”. That means I learn by making mistakes. This may be slower than other ways of learning, but when I learn something, I really learn it.

I seldom worried about “slow learners” when teaching medical students. I knew these young men and women could learn. There is a lot of material to learn in medicine, but there is also lots of time. Like in so many other jobs, knowledge is only a part of being a doctor. I spent decades learning enough to be a doctor and decades more keeping up and improving. It never stops, and never should.

1.What does the author believe in terms of work?

A.Always finish what you have started.

B.Every steady step brings you progress.

C.More knowledge means more chances.

D.Having a goal in mind can get you far.

2.Which kind of students may the author like?

A.A careless but fast student.

B.A playful but talented student.

C.A slow but thoughtful student.

D.A stupid but well-behaved student.

3.What does the author think of the mistake-based learning way?

A.Perfect. B.Welcome. C.Common. D.Practical.

4.In the author’s opinion, what can make a good doctor?

A.High intelligence. B.Continuous improvement.

C.The ability to learn fast. D.Rich professional knowledge.