假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom 来信说他负责学校的校服栏目People of Great Achievement系列报道并希望你推荐一位中国现代女性名人，请你给Tom 回信推荐宋庆龄女士，内容包括:1. 宋庆龄（1893-1981）人物简介和主要事迹2. 你的个人评价

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Environmental pollution does great harm to us. Tens of thousands of people die of disease caused by pollution. The area of desert in the world is growing and the weather is getting worst because the forest damage. The waste gas and liquid from factories have polluted air or rivers. Everyone is eager to get fresh air, pleasant weather and safe drunk water.

Luckily more and more people have realized what serious the problem is and they were trying their best to take measures to protect the environment. Therefore, we still need to encourage more and more people to join us in protecting their environment. Let’s keep in the mind that protecting the environment is saving ourselves!

    A modern phone can put the world at the user's fingers. But sometimes, these_________are of little practical use. Leku's 63-year-old mother_________in the Yi language(彝语). She can't read Chinese or speak Mandarin and is_______ to read numbers. Therefore, a_________function of any modern phone can prove to be difficult for her. Whenever she wants to_________her son, she has to ask someone to help her to dial his_________.

Leku, 25, a university student of the Yi ethnic group,_________,wanted to help. So he_________ an app(应用程序) that responds to his mother's_________to ''call any son'' in the Yi language. Once this is said, the__________will automatically (自动地) dial his number. The app is called Yayou. It________ to be a wonderful aid for his mother and has also__________ many other Yi people in China.

''With the app, I wanted to help my__________, as well as other Yi people,'' says Luku. ''Besides my mother's problem, I've also__________some villagers, who left to make a living as migrant workers in cities, __________ misunderstanding or losses of money due to the________ in communication.''

The dream is becoming________ -after more than two years'__________, Leku and his partner Mise Achang are ready to release an updated version of their app in July. The 2.0 version of Yayou will have several new functions,__________news and entertainment content, as well as online shopping__________, in both the Yi and Chinese languages.

1.A.worlds B.users C.fingers D.phones

2.A.uses B.speaks C.understands D.communicates

3.A.unable B.unwilling C.unhappy D.unlucky

4.A.new B.simple C.hard D.good

5.A.find B.read C.call D.write

6.A.phone B.number C.mother D.friend

7.A.naturally B.gradually C.finally D.successfully

8.A.planned B.created C.suggested D.produced

9.A.help B.problem C.request D.suggestion

10.A.app B.signal C.button D.screen

11.A.puts out B.sets out C.leaves out D.turns out

12.A.called B.provided C.benefited D.encouraged

13.A.mom B.partner C.user D.villagers

14.A.helped B.witnessed C.understood D.talked

15.A.getting B.making C.suffering D.finding

16.A.uselessness B.carelessness C.abilities D.difficulties

17.A.smaller B.bigger C.more D.less

18.A.movement B.management C.achievement D.development

19.A.making B.reading C.providing D.producing

20.A.services B.centers C.lists D.experiences

    During summer days, warmer temperatures bring pests like mosquitoes. Mosquitoes can cause lots of trouble for people.1.. They even can spread many serious diseases.

An easy way to protect yourself against mosquitoes is using repellents (驱虫剂). Joseph Conlon, an advisor of the American Mosquito Control Association, recommends using repellents that are registered with the Environmental Protection Agency, which ensures that they actually do no harm to humans. 2.. But some repellents can provide 4-6 hours of protection if the quality of them is excellent.

Mosquitoes are also very weak. A slight wind from a fan can help keep them away from you. It turns out that many mosquitoes are not very good fliers. 3..

Another way is to clear all the standing water (积水) every five days. Conlon explains that mosquitoes can produce young in water collected in areas as small as bottle caps. But they have a limited flight range, which means they can’t travel far. “The best way to avoid them is to not have them around in the first place.” he says. If you’ve got them in your backyard, it’s because you’re raising them in your backyard. 4.. “If you can’t avoid the standing water around your house, I suggest raising fish that will eat mosquito larvae (幼虫).”

5.. They’ve experimented with male mosquitoes containing some materials that stop females from producing larvae. “There are not a lot of companies producing new chemicals or treatments that we can use,” a researcher of the experiment adds. “We need new technologies and products to get rid of mosquitoes.”

A.They usually provide two hours of protection.

B.Do remember to keep children away from them.

C.So try to make sure your house doesn’t have standing water.

D.You can wear protective clothing and keep your windows closed.

E.You can set up a fan in your house so that mosquitoes can’t bite you.

F.Many people hardly sleep well at night with mosquitoes flying around.

G.The researchers also try to find high-tech solutions to mosquito population.

    One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. Rubbish of all kinds is piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we throw away is e-waste—electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.

Many millions of tons of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them. A UN report claims the 50 million tons of e-waste produced every year will more than double to 110 million tons by 2050, making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.

However, there's a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London, which is one of many found around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that "this project allows you to reduce waste, make the life of objects longer, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault. ''

As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting(提取)these materials from electrical items. It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.

These projects make total sense — collection of e-waste for recycling are ''stagnating'' (停滞不前的) or even ''decreasing'' according to Ruediger Kuehr of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no legislation(立法), much of it is just thrown away. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to deal with the problem by insisting that manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years.

1.What does the underlined word ''discarded'' in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.recycled B.thrown away C.dealt with D.produced

2.What do we know about the Restart Project in London according to the text?

A.It helps people to use their electronics longer in order to reduce waste.

B.It collects all kinds of electronic items that are broken.

C.It encourages people to get rid of items that have developed a fault.

D.It is one of the famous clubs in the world.

3.What is the author’s attitude towards these projects?

A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Neutral. D.Critical.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Giving the rubbish a new life B.The fastest growing waste stream

C.Solving the problem of e-waste D.The importance of recycling

    When it comes to giving help to developing countries, we often think about donating money so that these countries can build schools and hospitals, buy food and medicine, or find clean water supplies. These seem to be the most important basic needs of the people we are trying to help. However, the traditional way is far from enough. We need better ideas to help them.

Recently, I read about a plan to make cheap laptop computers for children in developing countries. A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer, which can run without electricity. He decided to invent this computer after he visited a school in Cambodia.

The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has designed is a little different from the normal laptop computers you can buy in the shops. Covered in rubber, this computer is very strong and won’t be damaged easily. As an electricity supply can be a problem in developing countries, the computer also has a special handle (把手) so that children can wind (摇) the computer up to give it extra power when needed.

These special laptop computers will cost less than 100 US dollars and Mr. Negroponte wants to build as many as 15 million machines in the first year of production. The idea is that these computers will help the children’s education as they will be able to access the Internet.

These computers might not help the people in developing countries immediately, but by improving children’s education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in the long term.

Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile phones so that they can be used again. In the UK, and probably in many other countries too, millions of mobile phones are thrown away every year. The waste created by throwing away these old phones is very bad for the environment, so it seems to be an excellent idea to recycle them. In this way we will be able to achieve two important goals at the same time. We will reduce the waste we produce and help others. In other words, we will be able to “kill two birds with one stone”, and that is always a good thing.

1.Which of the following words can be best used to describe Nicholas Negroponte?

A.Determined and devoted. B.Independent and successful.

C.Responsible and selfless. D.Creative and caring.

2.What can we infer from the passage?

A.The computer invented by Nicholas Negroponte runs without electricity.

B.Recycling old phones is a traditional way to help developing countries.

C.Improving education can help developing countries in the long run.

D.The UK creates most of the waste by throwing mobile phones.

3.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A.To introduce some new and better ways to help developing countries.

B.To call on people to help developing countries.

C.To talk about different ways to help developing countries.

D.To tell readers how to help developing countries.

    When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Here are some British etiquette(礼仪) and customs international students ought to know.

Visiting

In most houses in Britain, the doors are usually kept closed. It is customary to visit people at a pre-arranged time and day. Usually, people are not comfortable if you just drop in. Nevertheless, if someone says to drop in at any time, feel free to do so as long as it is not in the middle of the night. When you go into someone's house, do take your hat off (men only). It is impolite for men to wear hats indoors especially in churches.

Greeting

In Britain, the handshake is a common form of greeting. When you meet people for the first time, it is normal to shake hands. A firm handshake is the norm(标准); there are no issues over gender in Britain. The usual formal greeting is ''How do you do? '' and a firm hand shake, but with a lighter touch between men and women. In Britain, unlike some other European countries, it is unusual to embrace or kiss the other person (unless they are family or a very close friend).

Gifts

During birthday and Christmas celebrations, it is common for the British to exchange gifts between family members and close friends. The gift doesn’t need to be expensive, but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipient's(接受者) interests. When invited to someone's home, it is normal to take along a box of good chocolates, a bottle of good wine or a bunch of beautiful flowers. Note that gifts are opened when received.

Punctuality

The British are generally punctual(守时的), especially the scots. The British consider it impolite if you turn up late for an appointment. In most cases, the people you are meeting will be on time, call even if you will be 5 minutes later than you've promised. If you have been late or fail to keep your appointment, make an effort to contact the person to let them know. It is a good idea to telephone and offer your apologies.

1.What do the British men usually do when they meet for the first time?

A.Embrace or kiss each other. B.shake hands firmly.

C.Bring an expensive gift. D.Take off their hats immediately.

2.What present may the author recommend you if you attend a birthday party in Britain?

A.A book the receiver is interested in. B.A pet that you think is cute.

C.A red envelope with some money. D.A fantastic and expensive bike.

3.Which of the following may be considered not polite for visiting British people?

A.Visit them at a scheduled time. B.Show up on time instead of arriving earlier.

C.Phone to tell them if one will be late. D.Pay an unexpected visit to give them a surprise.

假如你叫李华。最近你校要举行以“关爱健康”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.保持健康的重要性；

2.保持健康的方法。

注意：

1.词数100词左右；题目已写好，不计入总词数；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

How to keep healthy?

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Today is Sunday. In a morning, I had a dry breakfast. We have no water drink because the water supply had been cut off. The water which came back in the evening. I did math then. I didn't stop after noon. After have lunch, I had a break. Then he went to my Sunday English Class. After a tired class for more than two hours, I got home. Some work had been done, but some hadn't. I must review all my subject, which include Chinese, English, politics and history and so on. That’ s terribly, especially when there was no water.

The True Story of Treasure Island

It was always thought that the adventure（冒险）novel Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination. _______, recent research has found the true story of this exciting work.

Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived _______ for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a _______. With him were his American wife Fanny and his son _______.

Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a _______ over the hills. They had been _______ this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors by the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days _______. To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some _______.

One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island, Robert _______ that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of ________. “What's that?" he asked. "That's the________ treasure," said the boy. Robert suddenly________something of an adventure story in the boy's________. While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the________a twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate (海盗)？

Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the________ of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to ________ such a man in a story. ________, Long John Silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was ________.

So, thanks to a ________ September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy, we have one of the greatest ________ stories in the English language.

1.A.Besides B.Therefore C.However D.Finally

2.A.alone B.next door C.abroad D.at home

3.A.meeting B.holiday C.story D.job

4.A.John B.Robert C.Henley D.Lloyd

5.A.walk B.rest C.talk D.game

6.A.attempting B.enjoying C.planning D.missing

7.A.quiet B.busy C.dull D.cold

8.A.cleaning B.writing C.exercising D.drawing

9.A.doubted B.noticed C.decided D.recognized

10.A.the island B.the house C.the sea D.Scotland

11.A.abandoned B.discovered C.buried D.unexpected

12.A.learned B.drew C.made D.saw

13.A.book B.reply C.mind D.picture

14.A.star B.hero C.writer D.child

15.A.help B.problem C.use D.bottom

16.A.praise B.observe C.accept D.include

17.A.Still B.Thus C.Also D.But

18.A.born B.read C.hired D.written

19.A.rainy B.sunny C.cool D.windy

20.A.news B.love C.adventure D.real-life

    Many people believe that language belongs to human beings. However, cats have developed a language not for each other, but for the human beings who have them as pets.

When communicating with each other, cats "talk" with a system of signals. Their tails, rather than any kind of “speech", act as an important way to express themselves. They also touch each other to express their feelings. With other cats, they will use their voice only to express pain. Unbelievably, all of that changes when a human walks into the room. Cats use many different kinds of vocal （声音的）expressions when they communicate with a person. Since these vocal expressions are not used to communicate with other cats, it seems that cats have developed this "language" to communicate with their human owners.

This fact is shown more clearly when researchers are watching rooms that have only one cat and those with several cats. And when there is only one cat in the room, it is usually very vocal, since the only creature around with whom the cat can communicate is its owner. Cats with other cats, though, are much quieter. If they want to have a conversation, they only need go to other cats and communicate in their natural way.

Since cats have learned to meow（ 喵喵叫） for the only purpose of communicating with human owners, their owners should take the time to learn what their different meows mean. If an owner knows, to name just a few examples, which meow means the cat is hungry, which means the cat .wants to be petted, and which means the cat wants to have a little "conversation" , the relationship between cats and owners will be closer.

1.If a cat, together with other cats, finds its body hurts, it may express it with its _______.

A.tail B.eyes

C.head D.voice

2.When a human enters a room with some cats, what will they do?

A.Stop making any noise. B.Use their tails to show love.

C.Begin .to use vocal expressions. D.Stop communicating with each other.

3.What are cat owners advised to do?

A.Communicate more with cats. B.Learn to meow in different ways.

C.Encourage cats to talk with each other. D.Teach cats to understand human language.

4.What is the text mainly about? . .

A.The language of cats. B.Advice on keeping pets.

C.Pets* different expressions. D.Communication among cats.

    Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams （阻塞）and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes （废气）.So the city began a scheme （计划）to improve the situation.

Under the Velib scheme （ “ Velib” comes from velo liberte, or “ bicycle freedom” ） people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour on the bike is free, but if you do not return it after 30 minutes , you have to pay. it's only €1 a day or €29 a year! The bicycles are heavy（25 kg） , and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!

Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this. But not everybody thinks it is a great idea. One Parisian said, "These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they wont use a bicycle - they'll still use their cars."

A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme will not settle all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There are not any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too."

1.What can we learn about the Velib scheme?

A.It owns more stations than the subway.

B.It aims to make traveling easier.

C.Its bikes are light and colorful.

D.Its bikes have no baskets.

2.If you use a Velib for one hour, how much should you pay?

A.€30. B.€30.

C.€ 29. D.€1.

3.Why do some people disagree with the Velib scheme?

A.The cost is rather high. ,

B.It is hard to find a Velib station.

C.It is not suitable for a long journey.

D.The distance between two Velib stations is long.

4.What's the city spokesman's attitude towards the bicycle scheme?

A.Doubtful. B.Positive.

C.Uncaring. D.Worried.

    Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.

During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.

He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.

Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.

My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.

That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.

1.What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?

A.Go shopping B.Find a house

C.Join his family D.Take a vacation

2.The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_________.

A.a friend of his family B.a Sydney policeman

C.a letter in his papers D.a stranger in Sydney

3.What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?

A.Showed B.Sent out

C.Delivered D.Gave back

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A.From India to Australia. B.Living in a New Country

C.Turning Trash to Treasure. D.In Search of New Friends.

    You may probably meet most of the powerful graduation speakers here who are well-known people in their fields. I think the schools couldn't have picked better speakers than them, because they set good examples, deeply inspiring us in our daily life.

1） Steve Jobs, Stanford University：

"The best way I know is to avoid the trap（困境）of thinking that you have something to lose. There is no reason not to follow your heart. Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don't let the noise of others' opinions affect your own voice..."

2） Oprah Winfrey, Stanford University：

"I consider the world, this Earth, to be like a school... And the secret I've learned to get ahead is being open to the lessons from the great universe of all. Don't react against a bad situation. And the solution（解决办法）will come from the challenge. So don't give up easily, acting with responsibility...”

3） Bono, University of Pennsylvania：

"For four years you've been buying, trading, and selling everything you've got in this marketplace of ideas. Your pockets are full, even if your parents’ are empty , and now you've got to figure out what to spend it on... “ The world is waiting for you to shape it...”

4） Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin：

"Now it's time for you to move on to what's next and get what you want. But you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. Don't spend so much time trying to choose the perfect opportunity, or sometimes you'll miss the right opportunity. Recognize that there will be failures and obstacles （障碍）.But you will learn from your mistakes and the mistakes of others."

1.Who wants to express “listen to your own heart"?

A.Steve Jobs. B.Bono.

C.Michael Dell. D.Oprah Winfrey.

2.What does Michael Dell ask people to do?

A.Do their own work practically. B.Wait for their own dreams.

C.Create their own journey. D.Correct their own mistakes.

3.What can we be likely to get from these powerful graduation speeches?

A.Some well-known people. B.Some life lessons.

C.Some social skills. D.Some effective solutions.

书面表达

请认真观察下面的图片，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

注意: 1.词数150左右;2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文通顺连贯;3.短文应包括图片中所有内容。

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

The expression,“ everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks“ how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to“ keep up with the Joneses”.

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.

Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

What is Peer Pressure

    Surviving treasures from the National Museum of Afghanistan

AFGHANISTAN

CROSSROADS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

3 MARCH — 3 JULY 2013

At the heart of the silk road, Afghanistan linked the great trading routes of ancient Iran, Central Asia, Indian and China, and the more distant cultures of Greece and Rome.

Nearly lost during the years of civil war and later Taliban (塔利班) rule, precious objects that reveal this diverse past were bravely hidden in 1989 by officials from the National Museum of Afghanistan to save them from destruction.

The surviving treasures date from 2000 BC to the 1st century AD and included rich gold ornaments (装饰品) found at a burial site and limestone (石灰石) sculptures of a Greek city.

This is a unique opportunity to discover the story of Afghanistan’s ancient culture, its immense fragility, and the remarkable dedication (奉献) shown to its survival and protection.

DETAILED INFORMATION

1.If you arrive at the museum on April 20th, what can you enjoy?

A.Near Year celebration. B.Performance: The art of the Afghan rubab.

C.Easter holiday activities. D.The exhibition without any special events.

2.When seeing “The art of the Afgahan rubab”, a tourist can pay less by_____.

A.booking tickets online B.attending talks and discussion on Nowruz

C.calling at 020 7323 8181 D.becoming a member of the British Museum

3.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Of all the special events Performance costs least.

B.Museum officials saved these objects from destruction.

C.The Multimedia Guide is offered to visitors without any charge.

D.You can learn details about group visit either on website or by phone.

4.Where can you most probably find this passage?

A.In a high school text book. B.In a history magazine.

C.In a state-owned newspaper. D.In a traveler’s booklet.

My day began on a definitely sour note when I saw my six-year-old wrestling with a limb of my azalea（杜鹃花）bush. By the time I got outside, he’d broken it. “Can I take this to school today?” he asked. With a wave of my hand, I sent him off. I turned my back so he wouldn’t see the tears gathering in my eyes.

The washing machine had leaked on my brand-new linoleum. If only my husband had just taken the time to fix it the night before when I asked him instead of playing checkers with Jonathan.

It was days like this that made me want to quit. I just wanted to drive up to the mountains, hide in a cave, and never come out.

Somehow I spent most of the day washing and drying clothes and thinking how love had disappeared from my life. As I finished hanging up the last of my husband’s shirts, I looked at the clock. 2:30. I was late. Jonathan’s class let out at 2:15 and I hurriedly drove to the school.

I was out of breath by the time I knocked on the teacher’s door and peered through the glass. She rustled through the door and took me aside. “I want to talk to you about Jonathan,” she said.

I prepared myself for the worst. Nothing would have surprised me. “Did you know Jonathan brought flowers to school today?” she asked. I nodded, thinking about my favorite bush and trying to hide the hurt in my eyes. “Let me tell you about yesterday,” the teacher insisted. “See that little girl?” I watched the bright-eyed child laugh and point to a colorful picture taped to the wall. I nodded.

“Well, yesterday she was almost hysterical. Her mother and father are going through a nasty divorce. She told me she didn’t want to live, she wished she could die. I watched that little girl bury her face in her hands and say loud enough for the class to hear, ‘Nobody loves me.’ I did all I could to comfort her, but it only seemed to make matters worse.” “I thought you wanted to talk to me about Jonathan,” I said.

“I do,” she said, touching the sleeve of my blouse. “Today your son walked straight over to that child. I watched him hand her some pretty pink flowers and whisper, ‘I love you.’“

I felt my heart swell with pride for what my son had done. I smiled at the teacher. “Thank you,” I said, reaching for Jonathan’s hand, “you’ve made my day.”

Later that evening, I began pulling weeds from around my azalea bush. As my mind wandered back to the love Jonathan showed the little girl, a biblical verse came to me: “...these three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.” While my son had put love into practice, I had only felt anger.

I heard the familiar squeak of my husband’s brakes as he pulled into the drive. I snapped a small limb bristling with hot pink azaleas off the bush. I felt the seed of love that God planted in my family beginning to bloom once again in me. My husband’s eyes widened in surprise as I handed him the flowers. “I love you,” I said.

1.Why did the woman cry when seeing her son had broken the azalea bush?

A.Because she could not tolerate the harm to it.

B.Because it made her bad mood even worse.

C.Because her son did not ask her for permission.

D.Because she wanted to hand it to her husband.

2.The writer wanted to hide in the mountain cave probably for the reason of        .

A.feeling fed up with her endless daily housework

B.her husband’s failing to fix the machine in time

C.boring daily routine with a feeling of lack of love

D.her hoping to seek happiness in a brand new place

3.We can infer from the passage that the writer expressed love to her husband in that        .

A.she was inspired by her son that love was supposed to be felt and practiced

B.she felt guilty that she misunderstood her husband and wanted to apologize

C.she felt it necessary to have a complete family for the happiness of herself

D.she wanted to prove her love and expected the same words from her husband

    It doesn’t kill germs better than cooler water, but turning tap temperatures high, the US burns carbon equal to the emissions of Barbados.

People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United States, but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs, a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country.

It’s cold and flu season, when many people are concerned about avoiding germs. But forget what you think you know about hand washing, say researchers at Vanderbilt University. Chances are good that how you clean up is not helping you stay healthy; it is helping to make the planet sick.

Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”

Carrico said, “It’s certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be way too hot for you to tolerate.”

She explained that boiling water, 212°F (99.98°C), is sometimes used to kill germs — for example, to clean drinking water that might be polluted with germs. But “hot” water for hand washing is generally within 104°F to 131°F (40°C to 55°C.) At the high end of that range, heat could kill some germs, but the sustained contact that would be required would scald the skin.

Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no evidence that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40°F (4.4°C) appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water, if hands were scrubbed, rinsed (冲洗) and dried properly.

In fact, she noted that hot water can often have an unfavorable effect on hygiene. “Warmer water can harm the skin and affect the protective layer on the outside, which can cause it to be less resistant to bacteria,” said Carrico.

Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carrico’s team calculated a significant impact on the planet.  

“Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear minor, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually,” she said.

That’s roughly equal to the emissions of two coal-fired power plants, or 1,250, 000 passenger vehicles, over the course of a year. It’s higher than the greenhouse gas emissions of small countries like El Salvador or Armenia, and is about equivalent to the emissions of Barbados. If all US citizens washed their hands in cooler water, it would be like eliminating the energy-related carbon emissions of 299,700 US homes, or the total annual emissions from the US zinc or lead industries.

The researchers found that close to 70 percent of respondents said they believe that using hot water is more effective than warm, room temperature, or cold water, despite a lack of evidence backing that up, said Carrico. Her study noted research that showed a “strong cognitive（认知的） connection” between water temperature and hygiene in both the United States and Western Europe,compared to other countries, like Japan, where hot water is associated more with comfort than with health.

The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.

1.What does the writer mainly focus on when writing this passage?

A.Whether hot water helps kill germs effectively in hand washing.

B.How hot water contributes to the serious worsening of our planet.

C.Why the consumption of hot water is unnecessary and wasteful.

D.What the advantages and disadvantages of using hot water are.

2.The underlined word scald in paragraph six probably means.

A.burn B.improve C.soften D.wrinkle

3.According to the passage, all the following share roughly the same CO2 emissions yearly EXCEPT.

A.two coal-fired power plants

B.US zinc or lead industries

C.1,250, 000 passenger vehicles

D.El Salvador or Armenia

4.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A.Boiling water at 212°F (99.98°C) works effectively in killing germs.

B.Warmer water can damage the protective layer of the outside skin.

C.There is much difference between cold water and hot water in reducing bacteria.

D.Americans have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions in hand washing.

5.Which of the following is the standard of a comfortable water temperature for washing hands?

A.Warmer in winter and cooler in summer.

B.Between 104°F to 131°F (40°C to 55°C).

C.Below 104°F (40°C) or above 131°F (55°C).

D.Warm enough to kill germs and clean up.

6.If you want to read stories of this kind afterwards, which of the following magazines will you probably subscribe to?

A.Universal Science Fiction

B.Science & Discoveries

C.Environment & Protection

D.Exploration of America

    Never before had a Kitchen so much of a History

It tells of Freedom, Success, and of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!

Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior Design

Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. This dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White. They all had studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. And they created a new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous French Art Institute: Beaux-Arts.

SieMatic BeauxArts Breaks and Creates

In fact, it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art Institute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your personality.

1.Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?

A.It helped display their money status.

B.It was created by famous architects.

C.It was named after a famous institute.

D.It represented the 19th century urban culture.

2.What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?

A.Its designs are anti-conventional.

B.Its designs come from famous structures.

C.Its customers can enjoy their own composition.

D.Its customers can choose from various new styles.

    The little boy turned to the old woman next to him, ‘‘Granny, are you sure I don’t have enough money?’’ She nodded. The little boy was still _______ the doll (洋娃娃) in his hand.

I walked toward him, _______who he wished to give this doll to. “Sister. She was sure that Santa Claus would bring a doll to her.” I told him that maybe Santa Claus would do so. But he replied to me _______, “No, Santa Claus (圣诞老人) can’t bring it to her _______ she is now. I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she _______ there. My sister has gone to be with God. Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too, _______ I thought she could take the doll with her to give it to my sister.’’

The little boy looked _______ at me, “I told Daddy to tell Mommy not to go yet. I need her to wait until I come back from the mall. I _______ she didn’t have to leave me, but Daddy says that she has to go to be with my little sister.” Then he looked _______ at the doll with sad eyes.

I quickly __________ for my wallet. “Let’s check again, just in case you do have enough money for the doll!” “OK. I hope I do have enough.” I added some of my money to __________ without him seeing and we started to count it. There was enough for the doll and __________ some spare money. “Thank you God for giving me enough money!” He looked at me and __________, “I wanted to have enough money to buy a white rose for my Mommy, but I didn’t dare to ask God __________too much. But He gave me enough to buy the doll and a white rose. My mommy loves white roses.”

__________I remembered a local newspaper article two days ago, mentioning a drunk man in a truck hit a car __________by a young woman and a little girl. The little girl __________ right away and the mother was __________in a critical state.

Two days __________this encounter (偶然相遇) with the little boy, I read in the newspaper that the young__________had passed away.

1.A.raising B.holding C.hiding D.tearing

2.A.considering B.understanding C.watching D.asking

3.A.proudly B.hurriedly C.sadly D.angrily

4.A.where B.what C.who D.when

5.A.comes B.finds C.goes D.leaves

6.A.so B.for C.but D.as

7.A.down B.on C.to D.up

8.A.think B.wish C.imagine D.find

9.A.then B.sadly C.again D.now

10.A.reached B.looked C.searched D.charged

11.A.myself B.him C.his D.them

12.A.still B.yet C.also D.even

13.A.nodded B.added C.laughed D.showed

14.A.to B.for C.in D.on

15.A.Now B.Therefore C.However D.Then

16.A.occupied B.controlled C.attacked D.owned

17.A.left B.died C.came D.killed

18.A.knocked B.treated C.left D.kept

19.A.after B.since C.until D.before

20.A.man B.girl C.boy D.woman

Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n)______of 40,000 per year.

A.average B.number

C.amount D.quantity

After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide          for the homeless families.

A.accommodation B.occupation

C.equipment D.furniture

(2014·北京) Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.

A.so B.or

C.for D.but

（2014·湖南）All we need _________ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

A.are B.was

C.is D.were

（2015·重庆）I just heard____ bank where Dora works was robbed by____ gunman wearing a mask.

A.the; / B.a; /

C.the; a D.a; the

It was________of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

A.careless B.considerate C.patient D.Generous

Peter will    his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.

A.take up B.put up

C.add up D.break up

(2015•湖北) Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will ___________ sooner or later.

A.stand out B.break up

C.get out D.turn up

Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I ________ my book in the cafe.

A.have left B.had left

C.would leave D.was leaving