单句填空

1.We all have an____________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.

2.You’ll find these meals quick and ____________(convenience) to prepare.

3.What parents say and do at home will have a great impact ________ their children.

4.The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist _____ (take) a close look at them.

5.Despite the fact _____they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.

6.The moment she came back from work, she set out ______ (clean) the kitchen thoroughly.

7.He worked so hard that he got his pay ________ (raise).

8.You cannot accept an opinion _________ (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.

9.This is ____ my father taught me — to always face difficulties and hope for the best.

10.One of the major problems is that a ______ (major) of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.

    Another person's enthusiasm was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.

I was nine years old when she entered our home in rural Virginia. My father_________me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is_________for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no_________ than tomorrow morning.”

My stepmother walked over to me, _________my head slightly upward, and looked me right in the eye. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are_________This is not the worst boy at all, _________the smartest one who hasn't yet found an outlet(释放的途径) for his enthusiasm.”

That statement began a(n)_________between us. No one had ever called me smart. My family and neighbors had built me up in my_________as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.

She changed many things. She_________my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county seat, where my father's career could be more__________and my brother and I could be better__________.

When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand__________and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, I__________ it, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her__________ and began to write for local newspapers. I was doing the same kind of__________that great day I went to interview Andrew Camegie and received the task which became my life's work later. I wasn't the__________beneficiary(受益者). My father became the__________ man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.

What power__________has! When that power is released to support the certainty of one's purpose and is__________ strengthened by faith, it becomes an irresistible(不可抗拒的) force which poverty and temporary defeat can never________.

You can communicate that power to anyone who needs it. This is probably the greatest work you can do with your enthusiasm.

1.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced

2.A.distinguished B.favored C.mistaken D.rewarded

3.A.sooner B.later C.longer D.earlier

4.A.dragged B.shook C.raised D.bent

5.A.perfect B.right C.wrong D.impolite

6.A.but B.so C.and D.or

7.A.agreement B.friendship C.gap D.relationship

8.A.opinion B.image C.expectation D.mind

9.A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited

10.A.successful B.meaningful C.helpful D.useful

11.A.treated B.entertained C.educated D.respected

12.A.camera B.radio C.bicycle D.typewriter

13.A.considered B.suspected C.ignored D.appreciated

14.A.belief B.request C.criticism D.description

15.A.teaching B.writing C.studying D.reading

16.A.next B.same C.only D.real

17.A.cleverest B.wealthiest C.strongest D.healthiest

18.A.enthusiasm B.sympathy C.fortune D.confidence

19.A.deliberately B.happily C.traditionally D.constantly

20.A.win B.match C.reach D.doubt

How to test best

It’s back to school, which means it’s back to tests. Which might also mean it’s back to being majorly stressed out .1.Here are some simple ways to prepare thoroughly for tests.

Schedule study time.

Trying to do all studying the night before a test makes it impossible to master all the material.2.Instead, prepare for a test by scheduling study time each day for several days before.

Use your time wisely.

3.Also, make sure you have all the supplies you need to study so you don’t lose focus.

While studying, be sure to make regular short breaks. Get a snack, take a bathroom break or play a quick computer game when it feels as if your brain is about to explode.

4.

Studying with a parent or friends can help you understand the material better and to learn from one another. Have every person or pair take a part of the material, and come up with questions to quiz the group.

Keep the group small. Have everyone take turns as the group leader, who will assign the material, and make sure that conversation stays on what is being studied.

Don’t forget last-minute prep.

Have your sharpened pencils and other things in your bag ready the night before the test. It’s important to get a good night’s sleep and then eating a healthy breakfast the next morning.5..

Also, studying all the way up until test time can only create more anxiety. Stop studying an hour beforehand.

A.Form a study group.

B.Stay cool before the test.

C.It doesn’t have to be this way.

D.This will help you store important information.

E.This way, both your mind and body are fully prepared.

F.Before studying , clear your desk so you can concentrate.

G.It will also make you tired and stressed on the day of the test.

    Is It Worth Buying Organic Food? Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers have been willing to pay up to twice more for goods with organic labels (商标). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, you might want to save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.

The latest results, published in the Annuals of Internal Medicine, suggest that buyers may be wasting their money. "We did not find strong evidence that organic food is more nutritious or healthier," says Dr. Crystal Smith-Spangler from Stanford. "So consumers shouldn't assume that one type of food has a lower risk or is safer."

For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.

While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards. And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.

Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that "whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste." Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.

1.The new research questions whether organic food __________.

A.should replace traditional food B.has been overpriced by farmers

C.is grown with less harmful chemicals D.is really more nutritious and healthier

2.Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that __________.

A.organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease

B.traditional food was grown with more natural methods

C.both organic and traditional food they examined were safe

D.there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food

3.Which of the following is relatively healthier according to the passage?

A.Organic chicken and pork. B.Organic milk and chicken.

C.Traditional chicken and pork. D.Traditional fruit and vegetables.

4.What is the author’s attitude toward organic food?

A.Sceptical B.Neutral

C.Unconcerned D.Approving

    I’ve spent over a year in India, and in those 365 plus days, I’ve learned a lot about getting around Indian cities.My biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesn’t mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what you’re doing.Below are the best ways to get around the city of Delhi, India, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams (欺骗).

Taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of Delhi and chances are, if you arrive in Delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, you’ll be swarmed by Indian taxi drivers.At the Delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two Delhi Traffic Police Taxi Booths.One is inside the airport, and one is outside.The key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.

Rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around Indian cities, in part because it’s how the locals often travel.Auto­rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in Old Delhi.If you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees.Auto­rickshaw rates around Delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.

If you really want to travel around Delhi like the locals, take a public bus.Indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning.They are, however, very cheap.A bus trip won’t set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits.Since Indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.

The train is a great way to get around within the city of Delhi.Fares are reasonable, between six and 22 rupees.All departure announcements are in both Hindi and English, and tokens can be purchased for between 6 and 22 rupees.

1.To avoid being cheated, you ought to         if you want to take a taxi at the Delhi airport.

A.pay more to the drivers to keep safe B.show your ticket to the driver

C.go to a police­run booth D.go out of the airport

2.The author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to         .

A.save some money B.enjoy the comfortable trip

C.gain a unique experience D.help the local rickshaw drivers

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A.You won’t have to pay much if you travel around by bus in India.

B.It will be difficult for you to get a seat if you get on the bus halfway.

C.A rickshaw driver only charges whatever amount you give him.

D.You’ll have to speak English if you travel around in India.

4.Which may be the topic that follows?

A.Hotel recommendations in Delhi. B.Weather conditions in Delhi.

C.Food and drink in Delhi. D.Car rentals in Delhi.

Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another culture, but it does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

It is difficult to conclude about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.

1.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ________.

A.show friendliness to strangers

B.be used to hide true feelings

C.be used in the wrong places

D.show personal habits

2.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?

A.Learn about their relations with others.

B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C.Find out about their past experience.

D.Figure out what they will do next.

3.What would be the best title for the test?

A.Cultural Differences

B.Smiles and Relationships

C.Facial Expressiveness

D.Habits and Emotions

Earth's next superpower

The following countries have been sitting on hidden talents. And now they're about to fly.

NIGERIA (尼日利亚)

Nigeria says it pumps out as much oil as the other two oil-producing countries,Kuwait and Iraq. All this oil is cycling cash into the Nigerian economy and creating extremely rich businessmen. Analysts say that if Nigeria can improve its schools and technology，it could balloon into the world's 13th largest economy by 2050，right between Turkey and Italy. If that reason is not enough for optimism，Nigeria's president also has the sunniest name of any world leader: Goodluck Jonathan.

VIETNAM

As agriculture has given way to industry，unemployment in Vietnam has dropped. What's Vietnam's trick? It's ready to work. Other countries' laborers aren't as cheap as they used to be，which makes Vietnam a relative bargain for companies that need new factories abroad. However，the country has almost no railroads，its highways are in poor condition，and its largest city has just one airport，which was built before the Vietnam War. So what's the use of producing export-ready goods if there's no convenient way to ship them? The good thing is that，however，officials are widening highways，building a new airport and so on.

CHILE (智利)

Pipes，computers，motors，and your microwave all have one thing in common: They're made with copper (铜). Copper makes the world go round. And luckily for Chile， it's got about a third of the planet's copper supply. It just needs a way to dig it up and the government is pouring money into the country's mines.

1.Which country will Nigeria be expected to follow in respect of economy by 2050?

A.Kuwait. B.Iraq.

C.Turkey. D.Italy.

2.What's the problem Vietnam is facing?

A.It doesn't have money to build new factories.

B.Its people don't have enough food to eat.

C.It is suffering from the Vietnam War.

D.Its transport system is very poor.

3.What will Chile depend on to get developed?

A.High tech.

B.Natural resources.

C.Investments from other countries.

D.The government's good administration.

4.Which of the following is the best title of the text?

A.Countries with a lot of money B.Developed countries

C.Countries in great need of money D.Countries about to take off

假定你是学生会主席李华,你校将举办主题为“祖国颂”的庆祝建国70周年文艺演出,你将邀请你的英国朋友Joe观看这场演出。请你写封邮件向他介绍有关情况,内容包括：

1．举办的时间和地点;

2．活动的目的;

3．活动的内容。

注意：

1．词数100左右;

2．可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3．参考词汇：祖国颂Ode to Our Motherland;周年纪念日anniversary.

Dear Joe,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

China and Western country may have different cultural beliefs about certain animals. But when it comes to pigs, we somehow reach an agreement that pigs are lazy, ugly, stupidly and shameless. Neither of these words describing pigs are exactly positive. Moreover, the truth is what pigs have some good qualities. And there’s probably no good time to clear their names than now, with the arrival of the Year of the Pig on Chinese Spring Festival, which fell February 5 this year. According to a paper publishing in 2017, pigs can tell between those who treat them well or those who don’t. Perhaps these are the qualities of pigs to keep it in mind—their intelligence, cuteness and patience.

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays, it seems like everything is going digital. From news articles and recipes to yoga classes, you can find almost everything on the Internet. Many people find this way of life more 1. (convenience). Perhaps that’s why some people choose 2. (shop) for their clothes online.

With the click of a button, you can order anything you want, and have it 3. (deliver) directly to your front door. For someone with a busy lifestyle, this seems ideal. Firstly, online shopping can be far less stressful 4. hitting the high street shops. There are no huge crowds of people 5. boringly long queues. With online shopping, it’s just you and your computer. Secondly, online 6. (store) don’t have opening time and closing time. If you want to, you can even place an online shopping order at three o’clock in the morning!

However, there are also several cons. With online shopping, you can’t try before you buy, which 7. (be) a clear disadvantage. When your new clothes arrive, you may find they don’t fit very 8. (perfect). It’s always 9. (annoy) when a dress is a little too big, or when sleeves are awkwardly short. Sometimes, the clothes are not 10. you are expecting. A piece of clothing might look great in photos online, but quite different in real life.

    My parents managed to clear their debt before we moved to America. Neither of them spoke fluent English and neither had a professional career. Growing up, I was always aware of my family’s ________ financial situation. I also found that Iwas responsible for my parents’ hardships. I decided that my goal in life was to become successful, get a well-paying job and _______ them. So naturally, I took my studies seriously and worked hard to become an _________ high-achieving student. I dreamt to enroll in a top college to pursue greater knowledge. Like many students, I spent a lot of energy and time ______ my college resume. Despite my ______ schedule, I managed to complete the lengthy, complex______. I believed it, from essays to recommendation letter, was flawless—a guaranteed acceptance into this competitive program. But I had one last______ to overcome: to ______ mail the application. On the instruction sheet, it said in captalized , bold letters: “ WE DO NOT ACCEPT CERTIFIED MAIL(挂号信)”. I should have posted the application myself because it had special directions, but my father kindly insisted that he ______ it. I had my ______ because my parents didn’t speak great English, but I finally ______ and wrote the instructions for him.

While I was in school, my father sent me a text saying that he had finished the task______. He had found a worker at the post office to help him. I was ______. Yet, later, I found out that he had done one thing very______: he sent application as “certified mail”.

Right then and there, my perfect application became an automatic ______. But in the moment of despair and frustration and danger, I ______him. I locked myself in my room and sobbed until my face was covered in tears, my floor in used tissues. Then as I ______ my room, my father also came out of his. My mother, who was watching from a(n) ______ distance, joined the hug, and we three cried together. I knew my ______ need for success came from my selfless desire to make my parents happy, and my temporary hatred toward them was a result of my love for them. My intentions were pure, but things were ______ later. I’m just glad finally they were all straightened out.

1.A.total B.complex C.important D.difficult

2.A.leave B.value C.support D.request

3.A.equally B.immediately C.artificially D.academically

4.A.building B.copying C.applying D.posting

5.A.good B.tight C.daily D.proper

6.A.records B.worksheets C.program D.application

7.A.hope B.task C.shortcoming D.obstacle

8.A.freely B.easily C.frequently D.physically

9.A.take care of B.take notice of C.look for D.stand for

10.A.emotion B.sign C.concern D.favor

11.A.refused B.canceled C.regretted D.agreed

12.A.perfectly B.dramatically C.formally D.partly

13.A.disappointed B.delighted C.worried D.shocked

14.A.wrong B.fair C.satisfying D.confusing

15.A.force B.fright C.reject D.reply

16.A.abandoned B.accepted C.protected D.blamed

17.A.cleaned B.entered C.exited D.passed

18.A.ordinary B.careful C.individual D.safe

19.A.selfish B.correct C.necessary D.awful

20.A.simple B.wonderful C.twisted D.delayed

    The concept of “the body” is closely related to the ideas of “illness” and “health”. 1. The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people’s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.

Poorer people are more likely to eat “unhealthy” foods, to smoke cigarettes and to be employed in repetitive, physically difficult work. 2. That is to say, the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.

These social factors are also closely linked to emotional wellbeing. People with low or no incomes are more likely to have mental health problems. 3. For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.

4. Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgements matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical contexts. The culture, and media, of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. 5. Currently, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. It is easy for people to feel undervalued because of factors they have no power to change, for example, their age and height. Equally, they can feel pressured into making changes to their appearance when there is a choice, which in some cases can lead to an unhealthy interest in weight loss. Therefore, sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms.

A.There are other types of social factors too.

B. All of these factors affect the condition of a person’s health.

C. Their housing conditions and neighbourhoods need to be improved.

D. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies greatly.

E. All of us exist in “bodies” of different shapes, heights, colours and physical abilities.

F. Social factors in general play an important role in the development of people’s body conditions.

G. It is not clear, however, whether the situation of being poor causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around.

Police recently caught the suspected Golden State Killer using a tool they could only have dreamed of decades ago, when a shocking series of murders shook California: a database filled with people’s genetic data (基因数据).

Police used an open-source database called GEDmatch to find relatives who matched genetic material taken from an old crime scene, then worked backward to identify and catch 72- year-old former police officer Joseph James DeAngelo.

GEDmatch’s 950, 000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information, making it accessible to others who share their own data — including law enforcement (执法). More than a dozen other similar platforms also exist. “If your relatives have contributed and you are part of even a family tree that appears online in one of these shared resources, you can be indirectly tracked through the combination of their DNA and the publicly available family history,” says Dr. Robert Green, a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical School.

Data sent to commercial companies like 23andMe, which has over 5 million customers, is much tougher for outsiders to access, but the case has still highlighted the issue of genetic privacy.

Although many genetic-testing companies have been asked to cooperate with legal investigations (调查), and clearly warn customers of this possibility, not all requests are honored. “23andMe has never given customer information to law-enforcement officials, ” a company representative told TIME.

The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high. The potential for abuse exists; for example, insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage (保险项目), Green says. But the systems in place to prevent misuse appear to be working. One is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act,  a 2008 law that protects consumers from employment and insurance discrimination related to genetics. As long as that’s the case, Green says, the good of genetic tests outweighs the bad.

Sharon Zehe, a lawyer for the department of laboratory medicine and pathology at the Mayo Clinic, takes a more cautious approach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure you are using a reputable organization that has strong privacy policies in place, ” she says. “Genetic data is biologically as important as a fingerprint.”

1.Who is the Golden State Killer?

A. Robert Green.    B. Joseph James De Angelo.

C. The author.    D. Sharon Zehe.

2.What drives the users to upload their genetic data?

A. The Police’s force.    B. Their relatives’ advice.

C. The boss’s order.    D. Their own willingness.

3.Who might misuse customers’ genetic data?

A. The police.    B. GEDmatch.

C. Insurance companies.    D. 23andMe.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A. Genetic data is equal to a fingerprint.

B. A 72-year-old killer was put into prison.

C. Murders causes concern for genetic privacy.

D. Genetic information is shared on the Internet.

Twenty-five young musicians from around the world have come to California to train and perform this month.  They will take part in an international program called iPalpiti. The name comes from the Italian word for heartbeats.

Eduard Schmieder is the program's conductor and musical director, Schmieder and his wife started the program in 1997 with help from violinist and conductor Yehudi Menuhin.

This year, the musicians come from 19 countries, including Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Israel and Italy.  Schmieder notes some of the musicians are from countries that are at war with each other.

And they are sitting next to each other, and they become friends, He says through their music and friendship, they are making the world more peaceful.

The musicians taking part in the program range in age from their late teens to their 30s.

Schmieder said they include winners of major music competitions. Peter Rainer is a violin player from Germany. He serves as concertmaster, the link between the musicians and conductor. "lt’s so great that you have so many sensitive musicians. They all are very alert and awake and listen to each other and it's a lot of fun. " Turkish viola player Can Sakul says the international group works we’ll together. "The experience is a cultural as well as a musical exchange," said Russian violinist SemyonPromoe.  " Everyone has their own opinion of music, how to play every composition.  It's very interesting to interact with everybody, to play together and to create one opinion for everybody. "

This year, the festival focuses on music from the 1600s to the 1900s. But cello player Franciaco Vila of Ecuador said the music has no geographic boundaries Vila added that the musicians get to know more about each other as they perform great music.

"It's interesting to see where we intersect(交集) , how many things we have in common. And also the music world is quite small, so you're only one person away from knowing everyone else" Can Sakul said the musicians who have taken part in the training and festival make up a big family. He added that he is proud to be a part of it.

1.When was the program founded?

A. This month.    B. From 1600s    C. From late teens.    D. In 1997.

2.Mentioning that "Some musicians are from countries that are at war with each other.", Schmieder intends to present that         .

A. musicians continue to fight in competitions    B. music makes the world more harmonious

C. musicians are from different countries    D. the world is not peaceful

3.What does the underlined word "sensitive ’' probably mean?

A. Flexible.    B. Artificial.    C. Brilliant.    D. Energetic.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. Musicians have much in common.    B. A national music program.

C. Music has no geographic boundaries.    D. Music competitions at war.

    Life affects friendships. As we grow, marry, fight in wars, move across the country or change jobs, old friendships fall away and new ones form. As long as we live, the things around us change, and as long as things change, friendships are affected.

When we were children, we had best friends. No matter what happened we were still friends. We live our lives, however, and do what life calls for us to do, and as we get older, memories fade, faces blur（变得模糊），and even friends’ names from childhood are forgotten.

Do you have a question about friendship？Do you wonder what to do with a friend who is no longer friendly？ Perhaps you will see that you can’t control others. If some  people want to be your friends, it is their choice. All you can do is treat them well and do the best for them when you are with them. Then you wish them well when they leave.

You can talk to old-timers and they will tell you that life is full of incredible（难以置信的）joy and incredible sorrow, and that what bothers you today will one day become a memory and the pain will be gone. Seniors might tell you that you will learn more as you get older. They will tell you that friendships come and friendships go. Sometimes when they go it will hurt you, but you will be okay with it. It’s theway life works, after all.

1.According to the text, what can we learn about friendship？

A.Friendship cannot be easily affected by one’s family.

B.Friends are always around us and will never go away.

C.Friends in childhood are sometimes forgotten by us.

D.Friends in childhood are the best no matter what happens.

2.In the author’s opinion, what should we do with friends who are no longer friendly？

A.Care about them and do the best for them when we are together.

B.Forget them and make new friends who have a lot in common with us.

C.Find the reason why our friendship has changed.

D.Do our best to control them and make them listen to us.

3.What the old-timers and seniors in the last paragraph tell you about friendship will ______.

A.make you have no good friends

B.help you have healthy understanding of friendship

C.remind you to always help your friends

D.lead you to be a powerful man WNIW HH

4.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage？

A.How to share happiness with friends

B.How to deal with unfriendly people

C.How to make good friends

D.How to face the changes in friendship

The London Underground (The Tube)

The main source of public transport in London revolves around the Underground (or the Tube as it is known to Londoners). This network of 12 lines can get you to most places in the center of the city quickly.

It’s almost necessary to get an Oyster Card or a Travelcard. Single tickets are priced starting at the intentionally absurd price of £4.80 (Zone1-3), if you pay cash. Using an Oyster Card, a single fare is £2.30 if you are traveling within the central Zone 1.

On hot days it is also advisable to take a bottle of water with you as Underground trains are not air-conditioned.

Last trains leave central London at around 00:30 weekdays, 23:30 Sundays. First trains leave the suburbs at around 5:00.

The Bus System

Outside the center of London, Tube Stations are farther apart, so buses help fill the gaps. Also, the bus offers a cheaper alternative, even if it is a slower journey.

Cash fares for London buses have been abolished — you cannot pay cash. A bus fare costs £1.50 if people only use buses, and the fare is capped at £4.40 per day for Oyster or contactless card users.

Light Rail and Trains

You can think of the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) and the Tramlink as extensions of the Underground, Travelcards purchased at Tube Stations in East London. The DLR connects with a number of the other train services (including connections at Tower Hill or Bank Stations) and can be used to reach Greenwich, Canary Wharf, and Stratford.

River Services

There are a number of different routes along the River Thames. The faster commuter services operate all day from Greenwich Pier to Embankment and from Putney and Chelsea harbour to Blackfriars during Peak Hours only. These routes will pass a number of places of interest including the Houses of Parliament and London Bridge. A return fare from Putney to Blackfriars will cost about 12 pounds.

National Rail

Once you leave Central London or if you are traveling South of the River Thames, the best public transport option will often be National Rail. There are numerous connections to the Rail System from the Tube. Travelcards can be used for travel on the National Rail (but not the Heathrow Express). Oyster cards can be used up to Zone 6 except certain services including Heathrow Express, Heathrow Connect and HS1.

1.When taking the London Underground, you _______.

A.should buy tickets with cash

B.can go to any place in London quickly

C.can save more money with a single ticket

D.are advised to take a bottle of water along on hot days

2.If you use river services along the River Thames, you will pass _______.

A.London Bridge B.Stratford

C.Canary Wharf D.Tower Hill

3.To travel South of the River Thames, it is recommended that you use _______.

A.the London Underground B.the Bus System

C.the DLR and the Tramlink D.National Rail

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn’t get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and asked, “It looks like you’ve got a problem,” Arthur said.

I’m afraid so. I’m in a big hurry and I can’t start my car.”

“Is there something I can do to help?” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, “Thanks. If you’re sure it wouldn’t be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”

“No trouble at all. I’d be glad to help.”

The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking, he heard the long loud noise of an alarm.

It was from the bank. There had been a robbery!

Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, “What happened?” But everyone had a different answer.

Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.

She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. “Why is she looking at me like that?” He thought. “The suitcase! She thinks I’m the bank thief!”

Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run.

Para 1:

As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!”

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Para 2:

The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur…

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jim将作为交换生来中国学习，他来信向你询问如何更好地融入到寄宿家庭和应该注意的餐桌礼仪方面的问题。请你就此内容给他写一封回信。

注意：1．词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jim,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In his book, Intentional Living, author John Maxwell shares that back in 1976, he received a gift from one of his 1. (assist). As he unwrapped the gift, he saw that it was a book 2. (name) The Greatest Story Ever Told. He couldn’t wait 3. (read) it.

But when he opened the book, he was 4. (astonish) to see that the pages were blank. Inside the book was 5. note that said, “John, your life is before you. Fill these pages with kind acts and good thoughts of your heart. Write a great story about your life.” The intention of writing the story of his life excited him. Then, he 6. (begin) to write his book.

Every day we live out our story through our words, actions and decisions. But we must remember to live with intention to focus on what 7. (matter) most in life and to regain that focus when we get changed. Without intention, we can become unfocused in things 8. needn’t add to a life of significance and difference in our world.

Life isn’t perfect and it’s always hard, 9. we need reminders in our life from a friend, author, blogger, pastor or our inner spirit to re-focus us on the things that matter and make us live 10. (positive).

    A teacher at Cedar Bluff Elementary School, Andrew Klicka writes rap music to help students learn and remember concepts. “I started writing raps ______ the social studies tests were so hard,” Klicka said. “Kids had a(n) _______ time remembering all of the information that we had to _______.”

This piece of news has _______ that music can help kids do better in school. The best way to _______ facts might be to set them to music. Medical students, for example, have long used rhymes and songs to help them _______ vast quantities of information. A doctor by the name of Tupas Mukherjee _______ that at the hospital he worked at no one _______ the procedures for managing asthma (哮喘). So he created a video and recorded himself ______ the guidelines on asthma procedures. It has spread quickly, and now all _______ use it and are able to remember the guidelines.

Music also makes the school day more fun. It makes school more ______. Many students come to school with optional courses like Spanish. No gym or music. If they had a music hour or program, they could reduce _______ and relax their brain in a way.

Therefore, I _______ with some people who think that music is worth sacrificing for other _______ such as upgraded websites. We shouldn't _______ music programs.

1.A.because B.though C.until D.unless

2.A.difficult B.long C.unforgettable D.boring

3.A.write B.teach C.collect D.store

4.A.repeated B.complained C.announced D.proved

5.A.face B.explain C.remember D.know

6.A.check B.seek C.provide D.master

7.A.realized B.predicted C.supposed D.understood

8.A.accepted B.followed C.created D.appreciated

9.A.developing B.presenting C.reciting D.singing

10.A.students B.professors C.doctors D.reporters

11.A.practical B.important C.interesting D.unusual

12.A.confidence B.pressure C.friendship D.conflict

13.A.talk B.disagree C.compare D.compete

14.A.methods B.abilities C.programs D.reasons

15.A.look forward to B.take advantage of C.add up to D.get rid of

    The most universal facial expression is the smile --its function is to show happiness and put people at ease. A smile says, " I like you. You make me happy

That's why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. 1.

A baby’s. smile has the same effect. Have you ever been in a doctor's, waiting room and looked around at all the sad faces waiting impatiently. to be seen? There were six or seven patients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby. She sat down next to a gentleman who was more than a little impatient about the long wait for service. The baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies,2.. Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grand-children and then the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were changed into a pleasant and enjoyable experience 3.. Telephone companies throughout the US have a program called “phone power” which is offered to employees who use the telephone for selling their services or products. In this program they suggest that you smile when talking on the phone. Your “smile” comes through in your voice.

You don’t feel like smiling? 4.. If you are alone, force yourself to whistle or hum a tune or sing. Act as if you were already happy, and that will tend to make you happy.

Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill.5..To someone who has seen a dozen people frown or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds Especially when someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless that there is joy in the world.

A.He smiled back at the baby

B.Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it.

C.Smile gets much easier with practice

D.So, naturally, we are glad to see them.

E.Well, force yourself to smile

F.We should give others a real smile, a smile that comes from within

G.The effect of a smile is powerful, even when it is unseen

    Even though vaccination (接种疫苗) is a powerful defense against disease, some voices are against it. In a recent letter, the American Medical Association (AMA) urged big social media including Amazon, Facebook and Google to take action to defend medical science on their platforms.

It said that vaccine -preventable diseases that do harm to the public health like measles (麻疹) are on the rise. Measles cases worldwide jumped more than 30% in 2017 compared to 2016, with the largest increases seen among nations in the Americas, Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean. Vaccine-preventable diseases are increasing largely because many people are unwilling to get vaccinated. And some of these people even encourage others to refuse vaccination. So this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the anti-vaccination movement a top 10-health threat.

“Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective ways of avoiding disease—it currently prevents 2-3 million deaths a year, and a further 1.5 million could be avoided if global coverage of vaccinations improved,” WHO said.

A research article published in 1998 in a medical journal suggested a link between a vaccine and the development of autism (孤独症) in young children. Although the research has been suspected and many other studies have proved that vaccinations do not cause autism, the article is still impressing people strongly today. Another reason for the growth in the anti-vaccination movement is widespread misinformation on social media, which can turn people against vaccination.” If a concerned parent consistently sees information in their Newsfeed that casts doubt on the safety of vaccines, it could cause them to disregard the advice of their children’s physicians and public health experts and refuse to follow the recommended vaccination schedule. So access to true information about vaccine safety is badly needed.

1.What does the AMA require social media to do on their platforms?

A.Stop vaccine misinformation.

B.Unite to develop new vaccines.

C.Give up the anti- vaccination movement.

D.Introduce Vaccine-preventable diseases.

2.Why does the author mention the measles cases?

A.To declare measles can be prevented,

B.To show the result of anti-vaccination.

C.To prove some countries refuse vaccination.

D.To explain the reason for avoiding vaccination.

3.Which of the following play an important role in the anti- vaccination movement?

A.The costs of vaccination. B.The social media platforms.

C.The concerns of vaccine safety. D.The articles about autism.

4.Where is this text most likely from?

A.A novel. B.A brochure.

C.A diary. D.A magazine.

    The regular world presented to us by our five senses—you could call it reality 1.0—is not always the most user-friendly of places. We get lost in unfamiliar cities; we meet people whose language we don’t understand. So why not try the improved version: augmented reality (AR) or reality 2.0? AR technology adds computer-produced images (图像) on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.

Early forms of AR are already here. With the right downloads, smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest. But that’s just the beginning. A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely. You will not only see that there’s a Chinese restaurant on the next block, but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.

This is where the next revolution in computing will take place: in the interface (界面) between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.

Let’s jump ahead to ten years from now. A person trying to fix their car won’t be reading a book with pictures; they will be wearing a device that projects animated 3-D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.

The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses. But in ten years’ time these will have been replaced by contact lenses (隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of the eye. So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.

The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality worlds, how will we be communicating with each other?

1.What does the text mainly talk about?

A.The next information technology revolution.

B.Early forms of augmented reality technology.

C.The differences between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.

D.The relationship between people living in reality 2.0.

2.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 2?

A.The menu. B.The block.

C.The revolution. D.The restaurant.

3.What are tiny LEDs used to do?

A.Protect people’s eyes. B.Show text and images.

C.Warn users of dangers. D.Replace video glasses.

4.What’s the author’s attitude towards AR technology?

A.Doubtful. B.Disapproving.

C.Favourable. D.Ambiguous.

    Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been while she’s on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.

To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag(地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.

“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board,” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother didn’t like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”

Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback(反馈), “My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do,” she said. “I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway, I’ve been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life.”

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.

1.What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way?

A.She enjoys her travelling across the globe.

B.She suffers little from her leg’s amputation.

C.she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D.She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

2.What does the word “which” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?

A.the continent B.the pictures C.the leg D.the location

3.Gallapher can best be described as ________.

A.helpful and ambitious B.friendly and generous

C.determined and creative D.independent and sensible

4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A.Never Too Late to share B.A Special Artificial Leg

C.An Outstanding Photographer D.Gallagher’s Summer Holidays

    I bet you can't wait to grab your Disneyland tickets, and then rush to Paris. For those in a hurry, you can go directly to the official Disneyland Paris website, and buy your Disneyland Paris tickets online. There are a few options to consider when you buy your Disneyland tickets:

Standard Disneyland Tickets

These tickets are available from either one of the parks or both (Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park). These are issued for 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days or 5 days. These types of tickets can be used within a year from the purchase date, which gives the flexibility to choose the date of the visit later.

Magic Disneyland Tickets

These are 1-Day/2-Park tickets. They can be used within six months from the purchase date, and are valid for one day in both Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park.

Party Disneyland Tickets

The Parly Disneyland tickets are multi-entry tickets. They are valid for six months from the date of purchase, and must be used within a period of seven days from the first day of use.

Disneyland Packages

Disneyland Resort Paris offers holiday packages which include one or more of the following — entrance tickets to the parks, hotel accommodation, travel to and from the resort, and meals.

Disneyland Paris Ticket Prices

Prices of Disneyland Paris tickets vary with the type of the tickets. Euro are required.

1-Day/1-Park ticket:59 euro (adult), 53 euro (child)

1- Day/2-Park ticket:71 euro (adult), 64 euro (child)

2- Day/2-Park ticket: 123 euro (adult),111 euro (child)

3- Day/2-Park ticket: 153 euro (adult), 138 euro (child)

4- Day/2-Park ticket: 180 euro (adult), 162 euro (child)

5- Day/2-Park ticket:200 euro (adult), 180 euro (child)

1.Which type of ticket allows visitors to visit anytime during a year from the buying?

A.The Disneyland Package.

B.The Party Disneyland Ticket.

C.The Magic Disneyland Ticket.

D.The Standard Disneyland Ticket.

2.How much should a couple with a kid pay for a 2-day visit to both parks?

A.123 euro. B.246 euro.

C.357 euro. D.400 euro.

3.What's the main idea of this passage?

A.Four options for Disneyland tickets are available.

B.Party Disneyland tickets are valid for seven days once used.

C.Magic tickets can be bought with different kind of money.

D.Holiday packages provide free flights to Paris.

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

An anxious call came into Jimmy Gilleece’s bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the afternoon at the bar, couldn’t find her wallet. She didn’t care about her ID, credit cards, or $150 in cash—but her wedding ring was inside.

Gilleece didn’t like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he set out to find the wallet. He spent hours looking through security-camera videos, watching the woman’s every step in the bar until she went to sit on a chair outside and left when her ride arrived. Within minutes, a young man approached the bench, slipped something into his pocket, and walked off. Gilleece posted a clip (剪辑) on the bar’s Facebook page. “I didn’t want to punish him,” he said. “I just asked if anybody knew who the guy was.”

Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17-year-old Prather, who admitted having taken the wallet and told Gilleece he’d done it because he hadn’t eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake(假的), so he took the money and threw the wallet off the dock (码头) into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.

Gilleece, unsure whether he believed Prather, told the teen to meet him at the dock, where they got talking and Prather revealed that he wasn’t getting along with his family and had been living in the woods for a week. Judging from Prather’s small body and red cheeks, Gilleece saw him for what he was: more of a kid than a criminal.

But the police were already on the case, and because of the missing ring, Prather could be facing charges. “He would be going to big boy prison. I have to help him somehow,” Gilleece thought.

Para. 1：Gilleece paid two divers to search the waters where Prather had thrown the wallet.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Para. 2: Then suddenly a diver came up to the surface of the water.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒第一线的医护人员。请你写一封感谢信参与投稿，内容包括：

1. 表达谢意；

2. 个人感受；

3. 表达信心。

注意：1.词数：80左右；

2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：传染病 epidemic 新型冠状病毒 novel coronavirus

Dear medical workers,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li hua

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Max Bobholz was only 12 years old when he came up with the idea of creating a charity to provide baseball equipment to children in Africa.

While 1. (watch) baseball, his favorite sport, on TV in 2012, Max learned that teams from Africa didn’t have proper equipment to play.

They either made equipment themselves or had to share 2. very few items they had among all the children.

Max thought about all the extra bats, balls and equipment he and his friends had in their garages and homes. Then, inspired by his baseball coach, T. Williquette, and those 3. were active charity, he decided to take action and help. Thus, an 4. (influence) charity was started. 5. (know) as Angels at Bat, Max’s charity has donated over 10,000 pieces of equipment to kids in need since its founding! Along with this, Max has traveled to Africa several times 6. (donate) equipment and coach the kids, developing Angels at Bat into 7. it is today.

Angels at Bat has now grown to include nine 8. (branch) in eight states around the USA. And it is the primary source of baseball equipment for the entire country of Kenya.

Max 9. (honor) as one of the 5 CNN Young Wonders of 2018 for his inspiring spirit of giving and service. “Anybody at any age can make a difference. So if you are passionate about something, stick to it and through hard work, you 10. (true) can make your dream come true,” says Max.

    My twin sister, Dawn, born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), has to wear braces (吊带) on her legs and walk with the help of a stick, often causing people to _______and point.

As Dawn was the only “different” child in our neighborhood, we were constantly picked on. We never had any friends because of her condition. I began to _______Dawn and was embarrassed to be seen with her. So I did everything to get her into trouble to _______her being born mentally and physically disabled.

When I turned twelve, my mother was so displeased with my behavior. She figured I was _______enough to know better. One day she threw me in my bedroom and gave me a thick yellow book. What I saw in that book _______the way I viewed my disabled sister.

There were many baby _______of Dawn and me dressed alike, the only _______ : I looked small and peaceful while Dawn was hooked up to tubes and needles and machines. If you looked closely, you could see the _______in her eyes though she was always smiling. One picture stood out: we were _______each other. The words below read, “I’m so happy to have a twin sister, Netti. The doctors make me cry. She makes me ________.” Looking back, I realized how ________I had been! I had never put myself in Dawn’s shoes! Feeling ________ , I cried myself to sleep.

Later, Dawn came to wake me up for dinner. I kissed her and hugged her ________ like in the picture.

From then on, I was Dawn’s ________ . No one was going to hurt her for any reason. We were ________ . I am her the other half and she is my world.

1.A.complain B.wander C.stare D.envy

2.A.hate B.pity C.disturb D.warn

3.A.put up with B.make use of C.keep track of D.get back at

4.A.patient B.old C.clever D.confident

5.A.formed B.changed C.explained D.confirmed

6.A.pictures B.clothes C.toys D.stories

7.A.problem B.spotlight C.similarity D.difference

8.A.courage B.disappointment C.pain D.concern

9.A.hugging B.supporting C.comforting D.praising

10.A.improve B.think C.laugh D.survive

11.A.rude B.selfish C.responsible D.innocent

12.A.helpless B.unhappy C.desperate D.ashamed

13.A.politely B.seriously C.tightly D.purposely

14.A.protector B.assistant C.educator D.consultant

15.A.irreplaceable B.undefeatable C.unimaginable D.inseparable

    The Slow Food Movement started in Rome, Italy in 1986. When a new McDonalds was opening near a beautiful historic place, some people stood outside the restaurant and shouted, “We do not want fast food, we want slow food!”

1. One day Carlo Petrini went to a restaurant to eat a traditional meal. But the food didn’t taste the same as he remembered. He learned that the peppers were shipped from abroad because the prices were low. This deeply concerned Carlo.

Carlo wanted people to care about where their foods came from and how their foods made their culture special. So he started a group to encourage this idea. It soon became the Slow Food Movement. 2.

First, what is good food? Good food is fresh. The vegetables are eaten close to the place where they are grown. The fish hasn’t been sitting for days before it is eaten. Good food is seasonable. 3.

Good food satisfies the senses. It should look good, smell good and taste good. And finally, good food is cultural food. Each country has special foods that make it different.

Second, food should be clean. Today, there are great concerns about the way people grow and produce food. Farmers use chemicals to kill insects and feed plants. But the chemicals can also harm the natural environment around farms. 4.Clean food means food that does not harm our bodies or the environment.

And third, food should be fair. 5.All people should be able to purchase healthy food. The people who grow and make food should be paid fairly for their work. They should work in safe, healthy conditions.

A.Food should not cost too much money.

B.Its goal is to have good, clean, fair food for all people.

C.Over time, they can cause health problems in people too.

D.That was how the Slow Food Movement came into being.

E.It should be grown at the best time of the year for that food.

F.Today the Slow Food Movement has already expanded out of Italy.

G.This event wasn’t the only thing that started the Slow Food Movement.