听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1.What is the purpose of the talk?

A.To present a disagreement. B.To introduce a lecturer. C.To recommend a book.

2.Where is Russel working currently?

A.In Oxford. B.In Chicago. C.In Virginia.

3.What does Russel think of sleep?

A.It’s rarely researched. B.It’s rather inconvenient. C.It’s of great significance.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What is the man doing?

A.Placing an order. B.Selling insurance. C.Conducting an interview.

2.What did Leaney study for a degree?

A.Finance. B.Education. C.Public Relations.

3.What is an advantage of a smaller business according to Leaney?

A.Greater contributions to the neighborhood.

B.Closer employer-employee relationship.

C.More flexibility in providing services.

4.What is Leaney’s plan for the next two weeks?

A.To visit her parents. B.To call her relatives. C.To finish her work.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.Who is Jason?

A.The woman’s husband. B.The guide of the tour. C.A travel agent.

2.What may attract the woman on the island of Bali?

A.Good restaurants and shops.

B.Nice hotels and water sports.

C.The weather and the sea view.

3.When should the woman pay for her vacation?

A.When the vacation ends.

B.When she makes a reservation.

C.When she arrives at the destination.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What does the woman do?

A.She’s a secretary. B.She’s a hotel maid. C.She’s a salesperson.

2.What is the man going to do?

A.Change the sheets. B.Have breakfast. C.Meet his friends.

3.What does the man ask the woman to do at the end of the conversation?

A.Take the plate away. B.Bring some towels. C.Leave the light on.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.Who is the newcomer?

A.David Cook. B.Joey Sanders. C.Liam Neeson.

2.What is the newcomer’s position in the company?

A.He is a film director. B.He is a program manager. C.He is a department head.

When did the man see the film?

A.On Wednesday. B.On Thursday. C.On Saturday.

How much is the man's ticket?

A.£14.50. B.£16.50. C.£12.50.

What does the woman suggest?

A.Buying a computer. B.Hiring an assistant. C.Starting a business.

What will the man do next?

A.Change some money. B.Take the food home. C.Sit and eat his meal.

Where does the conversation probably take place?

A.At a zoo. B.In a library. C.In a drugstore.

Guided writing

4月，《复仇者联盟》（ The avengers）迎来终章，《权利的游戏》（Game of Thrones）、《生活大爆炸》（The Big Bang Theory）等热播美剧也都进入了最终季。满怀着期待与不舍，我们终将见证初代复联英雄的谢幕战、画上冰与火之歌的休止符、告别“谢耳朵”引发的种种笑料与欢乐……俗话说，天下无不散之筵席，再美好的事物终究会有结束的一天，很多人放不下，很多人却将旧的结束看作新的开始。你是如何看待离别的呢？面对离别，你会怎么做？

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Translation

1.在任何情况下，坚持原则、明辨是非都是明智的行为。(sense)

2.发展中国家越来越多的人日收入超过1.9美元，象征着他们已经摆脱了极度贫困。(indicate)

3.微信朋友圈的照片常常让人看了非常羡慕朋友们的生活，但他们的实际生活可能并不像照片看上去的那么吸引人。(as…as…)

4.在高中毕业的这一刻，回首往事，我们再怎么感谢师长的教诲、同学的帮助和学校的包容都不为过。(cannot…too)

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.

In spite of all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the transition from classroom to career world and have difficulty adjusting to life on the job.

Writer and editor Joseph Lewis suggests one reason why this is the case. Lewis believes that most of our school experiences — from childhood through university -are fairly predictable, while life in the working world is far more ambiguous. In school, for example, the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant change is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly. A project you are working on this month might suddenly change next month or next week, and it’s often hard to anticipate what you’ll be doing six to twelve months from now.

Another problem that graduates entering the workforce encounter is that they are unprepared to think analytically. In school, many students including those in college, spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they “learned” on tests. But in the workplace employees are often expected to think critically and make decisions about their work, not just follow a supervisor’s instructions. 

Finally, many recent graduates say that one of the biggest difficulties they face is adapting to teamwork on the job. In some ways, school does prepare one for collaborative nature of the workplace. Learners sit classes every day with many other students. They must listen to others’ opinions, participate at times in group discussions, and learn how to get along outside the classroom. Nevertheless, in school, a student normally works independently to complete most tasks and receives a grade according to how well he or she has done. In the workplace, however, employees must regularly interact with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success.

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given behind. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Living off grid

When you need electricity, you just plug in the machine and switch it on. If you need water, you turn on the tap. 1. For many people, these facilities are the basics of civilized society and the idea of living without them seems risky. Yet for a growing number of people, the idea of living off grid — without electricity, water or sewage — is an increasingly attractive lifestyle.

Off-gridders do not have to give up electricity or a modern lifestyle — some choose to, but most use small hydroelectric power systems, solar panels or windmills to generate enough power for their needs. Heating and cooking needs are met by solar energy or wood burning systems, and toilet facilities range from non-water toilets to outside compost toilets. 2. It ranges from traditional yurts (a type of tent) to luxury house with high-speed internet and central heating. Whether they live in simple homes or luxury houses, what they all have in common is that their lifestyles do not create any pollution or carbon emissions — the ultimate goal for off-gridders.

Around 100,000 people are thought to be living off grid in the UK now. 3. They grow their own food, home-school their children and provide their own medical care. They are people who have been priced out of the housing market or who have grown disillusioned with what modern society can offer and who decides that an alternative lifestyle isn’t a pipe dream, but a viable option.

A part from living an alternative lifestyle, cost is a big factor in choosing to live off-grid. Off-grid houses are far cheaper to build than ordinary homes since they don’t need to be connected to the electricity or water supplies and even road access is not necessary. Materials tend to be cheaper, too. Popular options include straw or old tyres and cement.

Surprisingly, the biggest problem off-gridders face is not building their homes or becoming self-sufficient but getting permission to build. Rural areas away from town are the perfect choice but these are often protected by law from construction of any kind or have building restrictions. There are now several websites dedicated to land-sharing so that the costs of buying land and getting permission can be shared, and there are increasing numbers of off-grid communities. 4. Off-gridding could soon be common all over Europe and America.

A.Many are self-sufficient, not just providing their own electricity, water and sewage systems, but in all aspects.

B.After you use the toilet, you flush it and the waste disappears.

C.This shift from individual to group off-gridding reflects the fact that the trend is growing noticeably.

D.They live in a huge variety of types of accommodation.

E.Living off-grid still has a long way to go before it becomes a mainstream way of living.

F.Rather than building permanent homes, vans or mobile homes or even old shipping containers are other options.

    Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of the purpose, process, nature and ideals of education. It can be considered a branch of both philosophy and education. Education can be defined as the teaching and learning of specific skills, and the imparting of knowledge, judgment and wisdom, and is something broader than the societal institution of education we often speak of.

Many educationalists consider it a weak and imprecise field, too far removed from the practical applications of the real world to be useful. But philosophers dating back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis, and there is little doubt that their work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.

Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and education is an essential element in “The Republic” (his most important work on philosophy and political theory, written around 360 B.C.). In it, he advocates some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers’ care and raising them as wards of the state, and differentiating children suitable to the various castes(社会等级), the highest receiving the most education, so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He believed that education should be holistic(全面的), including facts, skills, physical discipline, music and art. Plato believed that talent and intelligence is not distributed genetically and thus is to be found in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.

Aristotle considered human nature, habit and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education, the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens. He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates’ emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas. He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught, among which he clearly mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of sciences, as well as play, which he also considered important.

During the period of Middle Age, the idea of Perennialism was first formulated by St. Thomas Aquinas in his work “De Magistro”. Perennialism holds that one should teach those things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere, namely principles and reasoning, not just facts (which are apt to change over time), and that one should teach first about people, not machines or techniques. It was originally religious in nature, and it was only much later that a theory of worldly Perennialism developed.

During the Renaissance(文艺复兴), the French doubter Michel de Montaigne (1533 - 1592) was one of the first to critically look at education. Unusually for his time, Montaigne was willing to question the conventional wisdom of the period, calling into question the whole structure of the educational system, and the assumption that university-educated philosophers were necessarily wiser than uneducated farm workers, for example.

1.Why do many educationists consider philosophy a ‘weak and imprecise field’?

A.It is the practical applications of the real world.

B.Its theoretical concepts are easily understood.

C.It is irrelevant for education.

D.It is not practically applicable.

2.What is the difference between the approaches of Socrates and Aristotle?

A.Aristotle felt the need for repetition to develop good habits in students; Socrates felt that students need to be constantly questioned.

B.Aristotle felt the need for rote-learning; Socrates emphasized on dialogic learning.

C.There was no difference.

D.Aristotle emphasized on the importance of paying attention to human nature; Socrates emphasized upon science.

3.According to the passage, the underlined word “Perennialism” most probably refers to something _____________

A.that is unnecessary. B.that is of ceaseless importance.

C.that is abstract and theoretical. D.that exists no more.

4.Why did Aquinas propose a model of education which did not lay much emphasis on facts?

A.Facts are not important.

B.Facts do not lead to holistic education.

C.Facts change with the changing times.

D.Facts are frozen in time.

The Honors Program in Biochemistry Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.

Applicants to the Honors Program in biochemistry Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school.

Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientist in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientist that are associated with the department. They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year, students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member.

To be considered students must:

● have a combined SAT Ⅰ score of 1400 (combined Math and critical Reading scores)

● meet the SAT Ⅱ score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)

● have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of biology and chemistry by the time they graduate from high school

● complete all components of your Common Application for undergraduate admission by November I of your senior year

● complete a supplemental application from for the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

● include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support of your application to the Honors Program and a personal statement

Send all Dual admission Honors Program application materials to:

Dual Admission Honors Programs

Office of admission

University of Miami

P.O. Box 248025

Coral Gables, FL 33124-4616

Fax number: (513)529-7592   (513)529-1950

For more information on the hpbmb, contact:

Dr. Thomas K. Harris

Director, Undergraduate and Medical Education

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Office: Gautier Building, Room 111

Phone: 305-243-3358

E-Mail: tkharrislamiami.edu

1.We can learn from the passage that ________.

A.Grade one students in a high school can apply for the program.

B.it’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degree.

C.graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientists.

D.a thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school.

2.Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application?

A.A combined sat I score of 1400.

B.A combined sat ll score of 600 in Math and one science.

C.Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.

D.A letter of recommendation from the principal.

3.What’s the purpose of this passage?

A.To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry Molecular Biology.

B.To introduce a very famous university “University of Miami”.

C.To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.

D.To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.

    Some plants get so hungry that they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What’s more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they’re found on every continent except Antarctica.

You’ve probably seen a Venus’ flytrap. It’s often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks (茎) are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shuts. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.

The Venus flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International carnivorous (食肉的) Plant Society’ s Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.

Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following “attract, kill, digest, and absorb” some from of insects, including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants -- well, most of the time.

All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes “meat-eating” plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen. Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can’t obtain any other way. While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil, “meat-eating” plants can’t. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they’ve come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to “meat-eating” plants. Never fertilize them! But don’t worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they’ll grow very slowly.

1.According to the passage, carnivorous plants ________.

A.only grow in wild field B.are rare to see

C.are as common as flies D.cannot grow on Antarctica

2.Venus flytrap preys on insects with ________.

A.its numerous long an thin stalks B.a container where it grows

C.its insect-catching leaves D.the lining of tiny trigger hairs

3.We can conclude from the third paragraph that ________.

A.carnivorous plants are dangerous

B.carnivorous plants are fictional

C.carnivorous plants occasionally eat book

D.carnivorous plants are harmless to humans

4.In the eyes of the author, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil

B.Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil

C.Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects

D.Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil

    Today’s cinema has improved a great deal in presentation. Gone are the golden days when eager crowds were packed on wooden benches in poor buildings, which seemed to be about to _________ in the next minute. Audience were staring, with great interest, at the funny and amusing movements of silent figures on the screen. It was only through the body movements and facial expressions that the character’s feelings could be _________ to the audience. However, film goers all the same turned a blind eye to the _________ cinema surroundings and seemed crazy about almost all the films. Box office hits were a normal thing and stories about movie stars took full _________ of the newspapers. They were _________ with almost all positive wordings compared with today’s pitiful stars who are all the time alert to such news as divorces or affairs.

Nowadays, it is quite easy to find a cinema that exceeds the hotel luxury. Cinemas are spacious, well-lit places where one can kill time in comfort. Small favors offered by modern cinemas such as the well-printed booklets, which are _________ available, the mouth-watering snacks on sale and even the gifts are all sending the implied message to the audience that the film to watch will provide the equivalent _________. Audience, on the other hand, don’t always _________ the story. Before a film is released, the potential spectator is usually exposed to a(n) _________ of advertisements. Film trailers are seen everywhere and crew interviews are televised. And in tempting people to enter cinemas, second to none is __________.People rely much no friends’ advice in choosing films.

Once the audience have settled on the chair, the cinema is learning from the theatre. The projectionists are to given the audience time to prepare themselves for the film. Talk first degrades to whisper then __________ altogether. Spotlights are focused on the curtains which are drawn slowly apart, often in the __________ of music, to reveal title of the film. Every detail has been designed so thoughtfully that the spectator will never actually see the __________ screen, which will remind him all too sharply that what he is about to see is nothing but different shadows flashing on the white. However much the cinema tries to __________ theatre, it fully succeeds. Nothing can __________ the awe (敬畏) and sense of expectation felt by the audience as the curtain is slowly raised.

1.A.disappear B.collapse C.freeze D.rise

2.A.interpreted B.responded C.invented D.applied

3.A.special B.inferior C.standard D.loose

4.A.coverage B.use C.benefit D.responsibility

5.A.exposed B.reviewed C.overheard D.equipped

6.A.temporarily B.carefully C.readily D.traditionally

7.A.luxury B.expense C.convenience D.information

8.A.prove B.buy C.investigate D.convey

9.A.explosion B.promotion C.shift D.spread

10.A.walls of ears B.seeing is believing C.word of mouth D.grave of teeth

11.A.drives out B.wears out C.pays off D.dies away

12.A.company B.introduction C.benefit D.end

13.A.decorated B.distinct C.blank D.mechanical

14.A.imitate B.guide C.exploit D.replace

15.A.refer to B.compare with C.suffer from D.persist in

Directions: After reading the passage, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in the blank with the proper form of the given word; for the others, use one word that best fits each blank.

Electronic devices can seem like 1. “third party” in some relationships because some partners spend more time on them than with each other.

When Amanda Gao, a 26-year-old white-collar worker in Beijing, went to a hotpot restaurant with her boyfriend on Friday night several weeks ago, she expected that they would have a good time together. To her disappointment, however, it did not turn our that way later. As soon as they 2. (lead) to their seats and she began to order dishes, he buried himself in his mobile phone.

“It seemed that his phone was making its way 3. us. A date that 4. have belonged to us turned into one where my boyfriend dated a third party and I felt left out.” Gao said, Some people, like her, have found that electronics have been sabotaging (破坏) their romantic relationships.

A study, 5. (publish) in the journal Psychology of Popular Media Culture in April 2017, questioned nearly 200 college aged adults who were in committed relationships to report on their and their partner’s smartphone dependency. The results showed people who were more dependent 6. their phones were less sure about their relationships, and people who considered their partners excessively (过度地) dependent on their devices were 7. (satisfied) in their relationship.

Lin Yuan, a relationship advisor in Beijing, noted that 8. more and more electronics come out and spice up people’s lives, they are at the same time becoming a third party in relationships, especially for young people.

Lin said she knew of some people who suggest that electronics should be kept out of bedrooms, 9. she considered challenging and hard to be put into practice for most couples. She recommended that 10. people are feeling neglected in their relationship, they need to respectfully let their partners know their feeling. “Communication is always the best and the most efficient way,” she said.

请阅读下面材料，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Recently a piece of news about a child pouring ink and his parents’ education method has aroused a heated discussion among netizens. A 7-year-old naughty boy poured some ink out of a window on the 7th floor, not only dirtying the clothes on the neighbors’ balconies downstairs, but also staining the windows, walls and floors. Hearing about the situation, the parents made apologies from door to door with their son. Meanwhile, they brought home the neighbors’ stained clothes to wash and compensated for their losses. In addition, the parents paid for professionals to clean the polluted walls, in front of which their son was kept standing in the sun and watching them being cleaned.

The news resonated (共鸣) with netizens in that many families have such children, who often  make mistakes. High praise has been given to the couple for the method of educating their son. Instead of beating or scolding him, the couple took their responsibility as parents and punished their son to make him aware of the consequences of improper behavior.

（写作内容）

1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2. 你如何看待该父母处理此事的方式，并给出理由;

3. 请针对孩子犯错，给出合理的应对建议（不少于两点）；

4. 结合自身实际，谈谈你会如何回报亲情。

（写作要求）

1. 写作过程中不得直接引用原文语句；

2. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

（评分标准）

内容完整，语言规范，语篇办连贯，词数适当。

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请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中 空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Millions of people illegally download movies, music and video games every day, and online piracy is a serious and expensive problem. Recent figures show that 90% of files transferred over file-sharing networks are copyrighted. And it's costing the US economy up to $250 billion a year. At the heart of the matter there's a moral question to consider. Is it fair that someone downloads for free in seconds something that took a team of people months of hard work to create?

What are governments doing about online piracy? Some countries have passed tough new laws. The Spanish government has shut down domestic file-sharing websites and blocked access to overseas-based sites. Also, governments are going after high-profile pirates. Kim Dotcom, the owner of Megaupload.com, was arrested in New Zealand, who has been accused of piracy because many people were using his website to swap copyrighted files.

Are laws and arrests really the best way? Many people aren't so sure. The problem is that films are released at different times around the world. Kim Dotcom says that a teenager in Germany, for example, has to wait six months to see a movie that has already come out in the U.S. So, instead of waiting, they download it illegally. Kim says, ''If everybody had access to content at the same time, you wouldn't have a piracy problem. ''

American company Netflix lets users stream films to their TV. But many complain that Netflix's selection of movies is too small and that there aren't enough new releases. One reason is that studios release films on DVD and then, after a few months, make them available for streaming. But what actually happens is one person buys the DVD, they upload it to a file-sharing site and everyone else downloads it for free.

American law student Srikant believes that if movie studios and record companies want to beat the pirates, they need to make it just as simple and quick to get content legally. ''I think people would pay for content if it's reasonably priced and it's available when they want it. '' he adds.

This is already happening with music. Spotify is a program that lets you stream music to your computer for just €5 per month. And since it was launched in Sweden in 2009, online music piracy in Sweden has dropped by 25%. The key to its success lies in that Spotify has a large range of music; songs are instantly available and the service is reasonably priced.

Easy access isn't the only possible solution. Economist Glenn MacDonald thinks he has the answer. He says record companies should give albums away for free and then make money from tours and merchandising. That's not such a ridiculous idea. The heavy metal group Manowar has made a fortune from their tours, which are full of fans who discovered the band by illegally downloading the music.

Online piracy is a complex and controversial issue. And one thing is for sure: it's not going away anytime soon .

Online piracy----The issue of illegal file sharing

    Expectations can be tricky and this is no different in the workplace! As I listen to some Baby Boomer managers relate their frustrations about working with Generation Y( Gen Y/millennials千禧一代) workers, their two main complaints center on their perceptions of the younger generation’s work ethic and sense of entitlement. These managers express that Gen Y workers want the honors of the workplace without putting in the sacrifices to earn them .

The Baby Boomer/Generation Y Conflict is a good title that I often use to describe this new millennium divide between Boomers and Gen Y workers. This conflict comes from different life experiences and generational expectations. Can Baby Boomers and Gen Y just get along? The answer is yes! As managers understand and account for the generational differences, they can move workplace dynamics from frustration and conflict to productivity and mutual understanding. To do so, we have to first understand Boomers and Gen Y.

Born between 1943 and 1960, Boomers, grew up in an environment of social unrest where challenging authority was the norm. As noted in Generations at Work significant events of the Boomer generation include the civil rights movement, the Vietnam War, the women liberation movement and the Cold War. Boomers reflect that time in many ways: they tend to think they can change the world and they want to fulfill their own individual goals and potential. They come to the workplace confident, prepared to work hard, and expecting to be rewarded for their efforts.

Born between 1980 and 2000, Gen Y workers grew up in an environment of adult attention where monitoring, recognition, and support were the norm. Significant events of their generation include technology, protective parenting, school yard violence and multiculturalism. Gen Y workers reflect this time in many ways: they are the most technically talented generation and they are the most spoiled generation. Gen Y workers come to the workplace with confidence and a continuing expectation of recognition and support independent of results.

With the understanding that Generation Y workers have significantly different life experiences and expectations, Boomer manager can adjust their own interaction style and move from frustration and conflict to mutual understanding and productivity.

Gen Y workers are used to immediate feedback on how they are doing. It comes from their digital world where information is shared frequently and quickly. Give them ongoing feedback. Be sure to balance the feedback: tell them what they did well as well as how they can improve.

Many Gen Y workers are used to multiple supportive adults in their lives who spoiled and praised them. They respond better to coaching that focuses on outcomes than a direct management style.

Boomer managers sometimes make the assumption that Gen Y workers are rude or disrespectful of authority. More often, however, Gen Y workers do not understand normal standards of workplace behavior. For example, Gen Y workers often expect immediate responses from their bosses on whatever they communicate to them. This comes from their life experiences. They have had cell phones at a young age and are masters at communicating through text messages, social media, etc. Further, they are used to calling the adults in their lives and getting immediate attention. They bring these expectations to the workplace.

Boomers are partly responsible for launching some work-and-life balance programs for Gen Y workers. These younger generations have seen the negative effects that work has produced on some Boomers and decided that they want some balance in their lives. Many do not want to work like what Boomers have done. Boomer managers can engage Gen Y workers by supporting workplace flexibility and work-and-life balance. For these younger generations, work-and-life balance is among their top working priorities.

Expectations are hard to manage and different generations have different workplace expectations！Boomer and Gen Y conflict, however, does not have to continue. When Boomer managers understand these differences, they can both adapt their own interaction style and educate others to promote organizational productivity. These generations do not have to continue to collide in the workplace!

1.What can we infer from Paragraph 1?

A.Gen Y workers always dismiss the honors as useless.

B.Boomers complain about the job attitude held by Gen Y.

C.Boomers tend to show little respect for Gen Y’s entitlement.

D.Gen Y workers don’t care about Boomers’ misunderstandings.

2.Paragraphs 3 and 4 are meant to explore ______.

A.different attitudes towards accepted social norms.

B.the reasons for the frustrations and conflicts at work

C.the shared beliefs that united the two separate generations

D.the outcomes of different parenting on each generation

3.Which of the following could best describe the character of Boomers?

A.Gentle but reserved. B.Stubborn and jealous.

C.Strict but generous. D.Ambitious and confident.

4.What do Gen Y workers expect in the workplace?

A.Continual appreciation and assistance unaffected by results.

B.Good results as well as acknowledgement from bosses.

C.Independent advice on how to gain wide recognition.

D.Constant monitoring at work to boost their results.

5.How do Gen Y workers probably want feedback provided?

A.Occasionally by post. B.Instantly and carefully weighed.

C.Regularly by means of praise. D.Directly and casually informed.

6.Gen Y workers pay special attention to work-and-life balance because ______.

A.They are accustomed to the comfort of modern life

B.Their parents have been paying the same attention to it.

C.They don’t want to follow in the footsteps of Boomers.

D.Many sacrifices for honors have been made in the workplace.

    The British government declared that a ''proper piece of work'' was being carried out to look into the possibility of linking Scotland to Northern Ireland via a bridge spanning the Irish Sea. At the moment, the leading candidates for the locations of the route are Portpatrick on the Scottish coast and Larne on the Northern Irish coast.

Length aside, there are a number of other significant challenges that such an enormous project would raise. For example, there’s the depth of the sea, which at times reaches 300 metres, and the large spans that would be required to let any ships pass under the bridge safely, explained Ian Firth, a structural engineer at the Institution of Civil Engineers.

''One solution might be to use floating foundations. '' he said. ''You have a floating pontoon(水上浮台) held below the surface of the water.You still have to get down there and drill holes in the rock down below, but you're now just tying it down with some cables. Then the floating platform is held below the waves----you don't want it at the surface because then you’re getting wave action and tidal action. You stand your bridge structures on those floating platforms. That’s the sort of thing that potentially could be doable. ''

Even so, such a structure would still leave those travelling across it at the mercy of high winds and heavy rain, even taking into account any weather shielding measures that could be fitted. However, there may be another solution.

''There's another type of floating structure, a submerged(水下的) floating tunnel. It’s not through the rock but under the water, '' said Firth. ''You attach it down, shall we say 20 metres below the water, so that ships can go happily across the top of it, but the thing is actually floating. If you're in your car, you’re driving, in effect, through a tunnel. That is a very interesting, and I think really quite potentially practical solution. ''

But it's early days and there are many factors to consider, such as the ability of the transport links either side of the crossing to cope with additional traffic, and the fact that it may be more efficient to upgrade the existing ferry infrastructure, before any kind of design work could begin.

''At the moment it is an idea and not much more than that. To begin with, we'd need a pre-feasibility study which looks at what the options are so that we can actually frame the range of a feasibility(可行性) study, '' said Firth, ''After that people like me could go away and turn over what the options are. I believe it's possible. But 'possible' and 'affordable' are two different things. I’m not trying to put numbers to it, but it is eye-wateringly expensive, and nothing like it has been attempted before. But we're in the business of finding solutions to challenges. We civil structural engineers are good at that kind of thing. ''

1.From Paragraphs 1 and 2, engineers may focus efforts on the ______ of the bridge-to-be.

A.cost B.location

C.structure D.reliability

2.What might be the major drawback to the first solution?

A.It is impossible to build a bridge on floating platforms.

B.It takes much labor to tie floating platforms with cables.

C.Wave and tidal action can easily destroy floating platforms.

D.Traffic flow will be subject to severe weather conditions.

3.What can we learn from Firth's words in the last paragraph?

A.Bridge construction is more of an assumption than a detailed plan.

B.Engineers have reached a consensus on the feasibility of the project.

C.They are trying to update the structural design to control costs.

D.Previous similar attempts do help them draw up a feasible plan.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A.Why not float?

B.A bridge too far?

C.Overlooking the Irish Sea

D.Meeting new Scottish friends

    Last month, I said a final farewell to my lovely old dog, Oscar. I have been missing him terribly. Oscar went everywhere with me. He was my mascot of unconditional love, my loneliness relief and one of the big loves of my life.

Many scientific studies have shown that petting a dog and even having one nearby can reduce stress. Peter Wedderburn, a writer and veterinary surgeon, once said “Dogs become a central part of our lives, offering unconditional love, continual company and an alternative to loneliness. A dog is the ultimate loving companion.”

It’s no wonder I miss him. Oscar also gave structure to my day. His soft furry rub was my early morning wake-up call, plus his walks punctuated my day with a stress-relieving wander by the canal bank. Since his death, I have found myself lying in bed feeling a little low and unmotivated. I’m also spending hours at my desk and not getting out into the light all day.

I didn’t want my mood to spiral downwards, so I have started a new, gentle morning practice. I have decided to put my focus on lighting my fire----both literally and metaphorically. Mornings are cold on my canal boat, so what better way to heat things up than by creating a warming ritual(仪式).

As I piled up old newspapers, placed four logs on the pile and loaded up smokeless coal, I thought about the “fuel” I wanted to use today----the opportunities and tools available to me. Finally, I struck the match, which symbolized the “spark of inspiration”. As the fire started to burn, I wrote about someone or something that had inspired me as the flames slowly heated up the boat.

Oscar naturally lit up my days and life. Without him, I’m having to be more conscious about how I look after my mental health and mood, but I’m now starting to enjoy my new start to the mornings. I still miss my lovely dog, but I always end my morning practice by raising my mug of coffee in gratitude for the privilege of 13 years of love and light that he brought into my life. Love never dies.

1.Why does the author mention scientific studies and quotes from Peter Wedderburn?

A.To introduce the funny stories about Oscar.

B.To illustrate how attachment to dogs forms.

C.To emphasize her sorrow at Oscar’s death.

D.To contrast her love for a dog with others’

2.The underlined phrase “spiral downwards” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_____”.

A.darken B.lift

C.improve D.swing

3.What did the warming ritual mean to the author?

A.It was a new routine which kept her warm in the morning.

B.She viewed it as a ceremony to mourn her beloved Oscar.

C.She intended the ritual to honor those that had inspired her.

D.It symbolized a departure from her downward feelings

Wish List

The Latest home hygiene(卫生) devices

1.Which of the four hygiene devices can operate without electricity?

A.PhoneSoap Pro. B.TUSHY Classic.

C.PureAir Fridge. D.Coway Airmega.

2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.PhoneSoap Pro is specially designed for iPhone 11 Pro.

B.TUSHY Classic can operate without the need for water.

C.PureAir FRIDGE automatically reminds us of low power.

D.Users have to manually adjust Coway Airmega’s fan speed.

A letter to the teacher who inspired my young son

I was so worried about handing my little boy, Carol, over during his first week of school, but you made it easier. You, _______ at him like a mother would at her own child. You showed warmth and your hugs were always on _______.

After a day in class with you, Carol would come home _______. Whenever I hear Do Your Ears Hang Low or to see him _______ to the sky when singing about the days of the week, I will think of you. The first time we sang it after _______ you was hard but, as time passes, I take _______  in the knowledge that, even though you are not here, you work _______ to make children happy.

Your creativity was _______. I’ll never forget the children’s faces when you’d beautifully _______the classroom into the Deep Dark Wood. I remember their ________ faces talking about the Magnificent Tower Building you’d ________.

In the short time I knew you, you never seemed ________ by the mountain of paperwork or impossible work-life balance that comes with the role. Instead, you appeared to ________ every minute.

I can’t comprehend why you’ve been ________ from us. Telling Carol was one of the hardest things I’ve had to do. I’m not sure whether he fully understands, ________ he told me he loved you and has been asking whether your “robot powers” will work in ________. I hope that you will shine on him from heaven and ________ him always.

I ________ I had told you all of this when you were with us. I hope that you ________ the extent of your magic, how you brought ________ to everyone you met and how loved you were. Goodbye, Dear Friend.

1.A.pointed B.smiled C.came D.aimed

2.A.display B.duty C.sale D.offer

3.A.complaining B.dancing C.singing D.weeping

4.A.stretching B.shouting C.shooting D.submitting

5.A.losing B.contacting C.leaving D.pleasing

6.A.pride B.delight C.part D.comfort

7.A.promises B.happens C.continues D.ceases

8.A.complex B.inspiring C.shabby D.temporary

9.A.transformed B.divided C.enlarged D.shrunk

10.A.frustrated B.cheerful C.panicked D.funny

11.A.observed B.purchased C.discovered D.created

12.A.motivated B.interrupted C.disturbed D.rejected

13.A.waste B.enjoy C.share D.seize

14.A.taken B.hidden C.claimed D.saved

15.A.because B.while C.but D.and

16.A.school B.heaven C.music D.performance

17.A.inspect B.imitate C.satisfy D.guide

18.A.wish B.regret C.assure D.forget

19.A.lost B.expected C.knew D.managed

20.A.convenience B.argument C.sympathy D.happiness

—Andrew said he would be here by 8.

—_____. He has never been punctual for anything in his life.

A.You said it. B.I wouldn’t bet on it C.You asked for it D.I can’t agree more

Li Ziqi is famous for her videos of rural self-sufficiency ______ on Weibo and YouTube.

A.posted B.having posted C.having been posted D.to be posted

Charles is crazy about antiques and included in his closet _____ a collection of vases in various shapes and sizes.

A.has B.is C.have D.are

— I think we really need to _____ on this project.

—Yeah! The deadline is in July, and it’s already June.

A.turn the clock back B.raise the red flag C.get the ball rolling D.kill the fatted calf