文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（__），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

1、 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The day before yesterday, I went to the bookstore where is near my school to buy a reference book. It was Saturday, so there was many people. Under the help of the shop assistants, I quickly got the book I needed. I was about to leave while I found someone trying to steal a man's money. Although I was nervous, but I tried to think of a way to help. Suddenly, a good idea occurred me. I stepped on the man's foot by purpose. As was expected, the man's scream gives the thief a fright, who quickly walked out of the shop. After hear my explanation, the man smiled and showed great gratitude to him.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Olympic and Paralympic medals for the Tokyo 2020 Games will be made from recycled mobile phones donated by the public.

Olympic host cities have 1. (tradition) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan, 2. lacks its own mineral resources, is keen on taking the theme of a sustainable future a step 3. (far).

“A project which allows the people of Japan 4. (participate) in creating the medals is really good, and helps raise the environmental awareness of our citizens,” said Tokyo 2020 sports 5. (direct) Koji Murofushi. “6. the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. This program is setting an example ”

Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the metal required 7. (collect).

Members of the organizing committee put forward the idea8. government officials and companies earlier this year and won their support.

As a result, the medals hanging around Olympic winners’ necks will carry even more meaning than usual. People’s personal memories, once 9. (store) in their smartphones and other handheld devices, will take the round shape of an Olympic medal, one of the most precious 10. (prize) in sport.

首字母填空

1.Chessboxing is a game that c_______physical power and brain power.

2.These fish are very a_______and attack everything that comes near them.

3.The c_______is on the side of the German boxer when watching the boxing match.

4.W_______the old computer system is rather complicated, the new system is fairly simple.

5.After running the marathon, she was so exhausted that she didn’t even have the s_______to stand up.

6.Over 700 Chinese and foreign reporters arrived at the city to c_______the party's annual conference.

7.The football match between Italy and Spain in the first round ended in a d_______, and the final score was 2-2.

8.The reason why boxers are so keen to participate in the chessboxing is that they want to prove fighters can be smart people and that smart people can be t______.

9.Although the idea of not having to get up early every morning is rather a_______to me, I still prefer to resume study with my classmates on the campus.

10.Almost everybody a_______the people in Northern Europe, whose countries have high economic productivity, high social equality, high levels of personal happiness.

    In high school I had a math teacher, Mrs. Davies, who took her job seriously and expected her students to put forth the same degree of commitment (付出). Strict but fair, she held our attention with her great method. One of her ______ was for students who were more advanced academically. I chose to ______ it and soon realized that the course was a bit over my head. I ____ with the complex problems that others seemed to learn without much effort.

One Friday we were tested ______ our ability to use a theorem (定理) that no one in the class thoroughly understood. The teacher would ______ our papers based on our ability to progress through the problem which easily filled two pages of formulaic notations (公式符号). I was absolutely ______. Finally, I didn't use the required theorem. Instead, I decided to use more familiar theorems to arrive at an ______. I knew I had failed because I hadn't done the ______ assignment. I became resigned (顺从) to my fate.

Our test papers were ______ back the following Monday. Everyone received a "C" except for me. To my surprise, I received an "A". I ______ that there must be a mistake. I watched ______ as the teacher approached my desk, smiled, and asked for my test ______ back. She then went back to copy my work onto the blackboard, ______ the class how I had arrived at the correct answer. "Mathematics is meant to be a creative tool, pushing our minds to a rewarding answer," she said with confidence. ______ I didn't use the required theorem, she seemed really proud of how I'd worked through the problem. The class saw her fold my test paper and put it into her textbook. She announced that it would be ______ with future classes.

My teacher would have been justified (合理的) in giving me a ______ grade. Instead, she used the ______ to deeply influence a student who often struggled. And after forty years, I still cherish the ______. It helped change my self-image. I ______ up to a broad boundary of possibilities which has made my life an adventure. She understood that teaching went beyond strict demands and could be used to ______ Thank you, Mrs. Davies.

1.A.ways B.tasks C.tests D.classes

2.A.run B.take C.teach D.like

3.A.compared B.struggled C.connected D.argued

4.A.on B.at C.in D.for

5.A.explain B.collect C.print D.grade

6.A.tired B.curious C.lost D.satisfied

7.A.effect B.end C.answer D.interest

8.A.completed B.proved C.fixed D.required

9.A.handed B.held C.thrown D.dated

10.A.hoped B.assumed C.declared D.dreamed

11.A.angrily B.regretfully C.disappointedly D.nervously

12.A.paper B.score C.question D.method

13.A.helping B.following C.showing D.praising

14.A.Since B.Unless C.Though D.Because

15.A.shared B.exchanged C.practised D.checked

16.A.friendly B.failing C.corrected D.wrong

17.A.possibility B.creation C.intention D.opportunity

18.A.change B.memory C.school D.life

19.A.opened B.kept C.made D.looked

20.A.learn B.survive C.inspire D.manage

    The importance of self-improvement often goes unnoticed. Truth is — you can’t run away from yourself. The idea should be to focus on continuous self-development at every stage of life.1.

Increase self-awareness

The first step of self-improvement asks you to become more self-aware. Self-awareness is an ongoing journey. As life goes on, you meet with different experiences and challenges. 2.. To be on the path of self-improvement, it’s important to never lose touch with yourself.

Improve strengths (优点)

Self-improvement lets you identify your personal strengths. 3.. It gives you a better understanding of what you are seeking and where you are likely to thrive (繁荣兴旺). It helps you set life goals and make them happen.

Step out of the comfort zone

Choosing to work on improving yourself requires you to step out of your comfort zone. It lets you face your fears, try new things, and challenge yourself. There will be times when you’ll discover a new side of your personality. 4.. Don’t let failures get you frustrated. And never get too comfortable in familiar spaces because life begins outside your comfort zone.

5.

People who’re invested in their continuous self-improvement come with an extremely positive attitude towards learning. Instead of being ignorant and escaping from their problems, they make it a point to learn from their mistakes to grow and succeed. This is a wonderful quality to have as having a learning attitude is instrumental in achieving success.

A.Improve mental health

B.Develop a learning attitude

C.And knowing your strengths is important

D.However, there will also be times when you’ll fail

E.They make you more aware of your personality, thoughts and feelings

F.After all, you can only achieve what you want when you know what you want

G.Here are some reasons why self-improvement is important regardless of your age

    If you are reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, connected, global, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation?

Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much and they wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies to become successful in real life—or “IRL”, as you would say?

Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents", who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-class activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.

With these taken into account, does the face down generation need a warning? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They seem to be enthusiastic and willing to be become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school.

So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there are reasons to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud).

1.Which of the following words can not be used to describe the oh-ohs?

A.Creative. B.Caring.

C.Ignorant. D.Intelligent.

2.What does the underlined phrase “helicopter parents” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.parents who are rich and travel by helicopter.

B.parents who always watch over their children.

C.parents who have a very busy schedule.

D.parents who only turn up when necessary.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A.The writer is a member of the face-down generation.

B.The writer is optimistic about the future of the oh-ohs.

C.The oh-ohs are more good-looking than their parents.

D.The oh-ohs care about nothing other than their phones.

4.What can be a best title for the passage?

A.The “helicopter parents” B.The over-worried parents

C.The spoiled generation D.The face-down generation

    Few people can resist the lure (诱惑) of a delicious ice cream, especially on a hot day. The only thing that spoils the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, often ending up with a sticky melted mess. Now, researchers from Colombia's Pontificia Bolivariana University may have found an unlikely partner to help solve this age-old problem---cellulose fiber(纤维素) extracted from banana plant waste. Bananas, as you probably know, grow in bunches on a tree-like plant. Each bunch is attached to a central stalk, called a rachis(叶轴), which is thrown once the fruit has been harvested. The team, led by Dr. Robin Zuluaga Gallego, began extracting cellulose nanofibrils (CNFS) from powdered rachis. The tasteless, odorless macro fibers, thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair were then added in various concentrations to 100 grams of ice cream mix.

With the right amount of CNFS mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than conventional ice cream, extending both its shelf life and the amount of time the treat can be enjoyed. Even more exciting was that the fibers increased the stickiness of low-fat ice cream to levels higher than the full-fat one. Since this is what determines the frozen treats’ creaminess and texture, CNFS could help create healthier ice cream without compromising on taste.

The researchers, who presented their findings at the American Chemical Society (ACS) meeting in New Orleans on March 21, 2018, next plan to investigate how different types of fat, such as coconut oil, affect the behavior of CNFS in other frozen treats.

The Colombian researchers are not the only one working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a naturally occurring protein called BSIA(Bacterial Surface Layer A) was remarkably effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams competing to be the first to get to market, the future of everyone’s favorite dessert certainly looks promising.

1.What prevents people enjoying an ice cream slowly?

A.The hot weather.

B.A kind of fiber from banana.

C.The ice creams’ stickiness.

D.The ice creams’ quick melting.

2.Which is NOT a benefit of CNFS added to ice cream mix?

A.To improve its flavor.

B.To make it more healthy.

C.To reduce its fat content.

D.To make it melt more slowly.

3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.CNFS are more useful and effective than BSLA.

B.Ice cream with BSLA has been on sale at the market.

C.Slowly enjoying an ice cream will soon become a reality.

D.The Colombian research team has taken the lead in the competition with the Scottish team.

4.What's the author’s attitude towards the finding of CNFS?

A.Positive B.Casual

C.Defensive D.Suspicious.

    Thirteen, for me, was a challenging year. My parents divorced and I moved to a new town with my father, far from my old family and friends. I was terribly lonely and would cry myself to sleep each night. To ease my sadness, my father purchased an old horse for me at a local auction. I named him Cowboy.

Cowboy was undoubtedly the ugliest horse in the world. But I didn’t care. I loved him beyond all reason.

I joined a riding club and suffered rude comments and mean snickers about Cowboy’s looks. I never let out about how I felt, but deep inside, my heart was breaking. The other members rode beautiful, registered horses.

When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse is judged on appearance, we were quickly shown the gate. No amount of preparation and love would turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would be in the speed events. I chose the jumping race.

One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. Needless to say, she didn’t feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show. She didn’t need to. I came in next to last.

The stinging memory of Becky’s smirks(得意的笑) made me determined to beat her. For the whole next month I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena. We practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home totally exhausted.

All of our hard work didn’t make me feel confident by the time the show came. I sat at the gate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the course and finish in first place.

My turn finally came. I put on my hat, rubbed Cowboy’s neck and entered the arena. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line.

As we crossed the line the crowd was shocked into silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds!

I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, I’d always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.

1.The underlined expression “shown the gate” (paragraph 4) most probably means “_________”.

A.told how to enter the arena B.shown how to make the horse beautiful

C.removed from the competition early D.told to enter the timed-speed events

2.Why was the writer NOT confident of beating Becky?

A.He had not practiced enough.

B.He was an inexperienced rider.

C.He believed he was unpopular with the crowd.

D.Becky and her horse performed well in their turn.

3.What did the writer learn from his experience?

A.Life can sometimes be unfair.

B.A positive attitude will bring success.

C.Anything is possible if one tries hard enough.

D.One should not make judgments based on appearance.

4.The best title for the story is ________.

A.A Run to Remember B.A Horse’s Tale

C.Neck and Neck D.A Difficult Age

Great Activities for Nature Lovers

Hiking

One of the easiest and most accessible ways to get close to nature is by setting out on a good old fashioned hike. Hiking generally doesn't require any fancy equipment or special skills, just a piece of map and a thirst for adventure. This activity can be as relaxing as you make it.

Backcountry Camping

Why limit yourself to just a day hike when you can have a full weekend for a longer adventure? Backcountry camping involves packing your tent，sleeping gear ,food, and water on your back to set up camp in a remote location. I you’re an experienced hiker and camper ,this is an excellent way to test your survival skills and explore the wilderness.

Mountain and Road Biking

Unlike long hikes through the woods , biking allows you to cover more ground and travel farther in nature. Mountain biking typically involves riding up and down steep slopes , between trees , and over rocks. If this sounds too intense or your tires aren't suited for rugged terrain( 地形) , consider taking a road bike on paved trails through forest preserves or along country roads.

Gardening

Contrary to popular belief, you don't have to travel beyond your own backyard to experience the beauty of nature every day. If your personality is less adventurous or your mobility restricted, consider planting a garden to grow your own vegetables , fruit , herbs，or flowers. There's something truly satisfying about mixing up a salad with fresh ingredients you grow yourself. One of the best parts about spending time in gardening is that it doesn't have to break your budget and anyone can do it.

1.W hat do hikers need for hiking?

A.Practical skills. B.Necessary equipment.

C.A useful map. D.A relaxed mood.

2.W hat's NOT the advantage of gardening according to the text?

A.You don't need to go far to enjoy the beauty of nature.

B.It gives you a sense of satisfaction when cooking with fresh ingredients.

C.It doesn't take any energy or money to do it.

D.I’s easy to start it for anyone who likes it.

3.Which of the following can take you to travel farthest?

A.Hiking. B.Backcountry Camping.

C.Mountain and Road Biking. D.Gardening.

假定你是李华，上星期向你校的交换生Tim借了一本英文版的《西游记》，但是不小心将它弄丢了。请你就此 给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 表达歉意；

2. 说明原因；

3. 提出补救措施。

注意： 1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好。

参考词汇:《西游记^Journey to the West

Dear Tim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每 句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The wind was blowing hard as two boys were in their way to school. They met an old man, which could hardly walk. Just as they passed her, the strong wind blew the old man's hat off. It was carried quickly up the street, but the old man was not able run after it. "My boys, please picking up my hat," cried the old man. However, the boys burst into laughters and stood still. They thought it was fun to see the hat blowing about. Just then a little girl came. She ran at once but caught the hat. Then she careful wiped the hat clean before handing it to the old man. Seeing that, the boys were stopped laughing.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I consider myself to be a patient person, but I find that I have trouble staying patient when 1. (teach) my youngest daughter how to read. She can read 2. word "the" seven times in one book and then struggle to sound it out the next time she sees it. Though I try to 3. (calm) encourage her, I still can't help getting impatient at the strange contradictions that come with learning how to read.

It turns out 4. I'm not alone. Researchers have found that it's hard for a parent 5.(sit) patiently by and listen to a kid struggle to read, and this is why dogs are needed. Experts assume that reading to dogs helps kids overcome the fear of being judged when they read. This is because reading to dogs gives kids a non-judgmental, comforting companion to listen to them 6. the pressure of perfection.

So far, the assumption that reading to dogs is beneficial to kids 7. (confirm) by researchers from the University of British Columbia Okanagan School of Education. They watched 17 children in grades I through 3 read, and found that children spent significantly more time reading and showed more 8. (patient) when a dog was in the room. What's more, the children reported feeling 9. (interested) in reading than before. So maybe it’s time that we had family dogs help with their reading 10. (lesson).

    My birth name is Oyindasola, a common Nigerian name, but I am often called Chelsea. Some ask why I don't use my real ___. I tell them a story about my father __ Chelsea a year after I was born, where he had a wonderful holiday. "Chelsea" __ to him so much that it __ on every birthday cake of mine.

When I was seven, we decided to __ to Nigeria, where my grandparents had persuaded us to buy a house to live with them. And my mother needed to know what __ there would call me. The name I'd been called for as long as I could __ or the complex name on my passport?

A week later we found ourselves at an airport with groups of Nigerians speaking as we __ our cab. Soon, my memories of Disney in America were ____ with sounds of Nigerian music. My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian _____, and the words shared between my mother and grandmother in their native tongue finally ___But, I still wasn't Nigerian enough. There unfriendly looks and __ were a constant reminder of who was： an American girl with the westernized name. So I wasn't ___ sad when my mother announced our back to America for her work.

On the first day of middle school in America, ____ hit me because I knew my birth name wouldn't _____ the attendance list. I was __ when the teacher mispronounced my painfully long name and my classmates laughed.

But with every passing year, came new ____. Every new attendance roll call was responded with a braver voice and a ____ smile. That long name, mispronounced or not, is mine. The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine. Who I am is simple： a Nigerian girl with ___ to the American dream, a girl with two __ and two names.

1.A.origin B.identity C.name D.signature

2.A.describing B.visiting C.abandoning D.leaving

3.A.means B.exposes C.applies D.commits

4.A.competes B.happens C.withdraws D.appears

5.A.travel B.move C.pace D.walk

6.A.troop B.class C.family D.staff

7.A.remember B.predict C.imagine D.survive

8.A.pulled down B.tested out C.fixed up D.headed for

9.A.connected B.replaced C.faced D.decorated

10.A.recreation B.lifestyle C.accent D.diet

11.A.made sense B.took shape C.died away D.ran out

12.A.debates B.decisions C.negotiations D.remarks

13.A.rarely B.absolutely C.casually D.eventually

14.A.anxiety B.disappointment C.rudeness D.shock

15.A.form B.throw C.ruin D.escape

16.A.guilty B.regretful C.embarrassed D.confused

17.A.sympathy B.confidence C.generosity D.honesty

18.A.kinder B.deeper C.wider D.heavier

19.A.reaction B.objection C.response D.access

20.A.languages B.advantages C.degrees D.occupations

    We've all been there, staring at a blank screen, throwing endless drafts in the trash can, pulling out hair, looking through Facebook photos, re-ordering music libraries and even wiping the computer clean. We do anything to pass the time and avoid admitting the painfully obvious—we've hit mental blocks. They are usually a sign that we've taken our focus off what we want and placed it firmly on what we don't. 1.. The following

tips are designed to help clear them away.

Hit the shower

Mental blocks of any nature are a result of one thing： not being firmly in the present. Taking a shower is a simple and effective way to bring your attention back to the present. 2.. And it enables you to develop more

creative ideas to figure out your problems.

3.

Mental blocks arise when you focus on what you don't want, instead of what you do want. A great trick for removing them is to change the channel or input for a few minutes. 4.. For example, you could be writing a piece for a magazine only to be controlled by the hateful block. Now, stop writing and select a video to catch your attention. Twenty minutes later, the new you sits back feeling totally inspired.

Still stuck? Ask for help

5. . So turn to others if you are still stuck. By asking for help, you not only benefit from someone else's

objective view, but you are also able to offer someone else the chance to help work out a problem. Make sure that you ask preferably someone who has successfully dealt with a similar situation before.

A.Find your focus

B.Besides, it allows you to relax

C.Change the channel for a while

D.No one is truly successful alone

E.Turning to others is a great way to focus your attention

F.Sometimes, our mental blocks are stronger than usual, refusing to leave

G.One way is to do something unrelated to the problem you are working on

    In the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a little proud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.

Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers （where videos are stored） there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.

Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices （设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.

You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.

1.What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?

A.The environmental effects of driving private cars.

B.The improvements on environmental awareness.

C.The change in the way people seek entertainment.

D.The environmental impacts of screaming services.

2.What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A.Get more skeptical of. B.Become more aware of.

C.Feel much crazier about. D.Get more worried about.

3.What can we infer about the use of streaming services?

A.It is being reduced to protect the planet.

B.Its environmental effects are worsening.

C.It is easily available to almost everyone.

D.Its side effects have drawn global attention.

4.Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?

A.Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.

B.Downloading music on a personal computer.

C.Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.

D.Playing online games over mobile networks.

    More often than not, we think the taste of food is largely to do with the way it's cooked. However, according to a new study published in the Journal of Consumer Research, sitting and standing also affect the taste.

Lead author Dipayan Biswas, a professor from the University of South Florida in the US, looked specifically at how the vestibular（前庭的）sense, which is responsible for balance, posture（姿势）and location awareness, works with our sense of taste.

He found that standing for even a few minutes causes people to feel physical stress. Gravity pushes blood to the lower parts of the body, causing the heart to work harder. This increases the heart rate and leads to increased stress hormones（荷尔蒙）.All of these reduce sensory sensitivity, which affects taste. Our mouths fail to taste or feel temperature as well when this happens. When people experience discomfort, foods that normally taste good aren't as pleasing, says Science Daily.

Biswas gave 350 participants each a piece of biscuit and had them rate its tastiness. Those who stood while eating gave it a lower rating than those who sat in comfortable chairs. Next, Biswas and his team gave participants bite-sized cookies from a well-known local restaurant. These cookies are widely considered to be very tasty. Those who sat down to eat rated them highly. However, when the baker added extra salt, the results were opposite. Participants who stood up to eat the cookies didn't notice that the cookies tasted saltier, while those who were seated found the cookies weren't so tasty.

So if you really want to enjoy your meal, try to find yourself a comfortable seat. But if you're trying to lose weight, eating while standing could be helpful because people tend to eat less while standing.

1.What's the common belief about the taste of the food in the text?

A.It seems associated with people's preferences.

B.It is largely to do with how people sit or stand.

C.It has little to do with the way people eat food.

D.It is mainly determined by how food is cooked.

2.Why do people who stand less enjoy food?

A.Their mental health declines. B.Their hearts work more slowly.

C.They are less sensitive to taste. D.They have no sensory sensitivity.

3.How did Dipayan Biswas get his conclusions in paragraph 4?

A.By classifying examples. B.By doing experiments.

C.By studying previous theories. D.By analyzing abundant data.

4.What's the best title for the text?

A.Sitting Has Various Effects on Eating

B.Posture Affects How People Enjoy Food

C.Eating While Standing Helps to Lose Weight

D.Sitting and Standing Are Common Postures

    My mother spreads joy wherever she goes. Right now she is probably writing an encouraging note to a friend, praising someone she has come across in the hallway, or reading the newspaper to someone in her retirement community（社区）.

Growing up, my mother thought about becoming a dancer, but she didn't have the chance until retirement. Then she joined her first group, The Hot Flashes. Once she put on the tap shoes, "Dancing Grammy” was born.

There seems to be no end to her energy as she tap-dances her way into people's hearts, bringing smiles to sad places. But this is nothing new for my mother.

Being a lifetime educator, she was recognized in 2015 as her school district's Teacher of the Year. I remember her evening phone calls to her students' homes when she took a break from grading papers. They weren't the typical bad-news calls many parents would expect. Usually she was calling about something positive.

I was the youngest of seven children and life wasn't easy for my mother. I remember sitting on the back of her bike as she took me to a daycare center for low-income families on her way to Rosary College, where she was seeking an education degree. At home she was tough as she had to be. She had been strict in my childhood, but I learned from watching her. Her work ethic（道德）and determination passed down to me.

I could write a book about my mother, and probably I will someday. Better yet, we may write one together, as her dream to be a writer hasn't yet been realized. But she got one step closer by attending the Erma Bombeek Writers* Workshop in Dayton, Ohio, where she was inspired to write a book.

From mother of seven to grandmother of eighteen, my mother continues to inspire everyone she meets. She has many titles, but my favorite is Mother.

1.What does the author's mother tend to do?

A.She often helps poor people. B.She changes her aims constantly.

C.She joins energetic people. D.She brings happiness to others.

2.Why did the author's mother often make calls to her students, homes?

A.To know her students' performance at home.

B.To help her students' parents build confidence.

C.To tell her students' parents some good news.

D.To ask her students to grade their papers fast.

3.How was the author's childhood?

A.Dull but smooth, B.Difficult but rewarding.

C.Relaxing and enjoyable. D.Rough and meaningless.

4.What is the author's main purpose in writing the text?

A.To show her love and respect for her mother.

B.To keep a record of her mother's retirement life.

C.To find inspiration to write a book for her mother.

D.To praise her mothers professional achievements.

    Join us for an exciting day of music at the UNI Dome with the Panther Marching Band!

Band Day is perfect for high school band students in grades 9—12. Come and join us for an outstanding, positive and friendly musical and social experience for high school band students! We hope you'll enjoy the fellowship with other band students throughout the state and the fantastic performances of bands!

Directors who wish to bring their full bands or a smaller group of band students should find this to be an easy and fun event to organize and attend! Individual（个体的）students who wish to participate as single performers are strongly encouraged to attend! You'll have a chance to meet our fantastic students and perform in a friendly, welcoming environment!

Date： November 9

Music： A link to download music will be included in your confirmation email after you register. Music will be available at that link no later than September 1.

Registration:

●Band directors registering full bands or groups of students from the same band should register here： https: //bands, uni. edu/band-day-group-registration

●Individual students registering independently may register here： https：//bands. uni. edu/panther-band- day-individual-registration

Cost： $ 10. 00 per student includes： admission to the game, pizza dinner, music and a Band Day T-Shirt.

Notes：

●We've changed our payment method to improve the registration process. Individual students must pay using a credit card at the time of registration. Band directors may either pay with credit card or mail a check made out to Panther Marching Band.

●Final deadline for registration submissions is Monday, October 14.

●Due to space limitations, band/individual students may be limited to a first-reply basis.

1.How can a participant benefit from the event?

A.Listen to their favorite popular music.

B.Get a chance to join a band they love.

C.Chat with famous musicians face to face.

D.Know new people and enjoy performances.

2.When can a participant use the link in the confirmation email to download music?

A.On August 30. B.On September 2.

C.On October 14. D.On November 9.

3.What are you expected to do to participate as an individual student?

A.Ask for a band director's company. B.Send a 10-dollar check to the Band.

C.Pay 10 dollars with your credit card. D.Email the Band just on November 9.

请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Yuan Longping, 90, known as the “father of hybrid rice”，plays a crucial role in helping China achieve food security. Every morning what he does first is go to the field and works as a “farmer”. When asked how much his shirt was, he told the reporter that it was 35 yuan.

Deng Jiaxian, the Founding Father of China’s A-Bomb and H-Bomb, was the founder and promoter of China’s nuclear weapon cause. However, it was not until he died that his parents and many of his friends realized that he had produced such extraordinary achievements.

Li Junxian, without whom it would have been impossible for us to send the rocket into space, is one of the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In 2018, this 90-year-old party member, donated 3 million yuan to set up the Doctor Innovation Fund and the Hardship Assistance Fund.

（写作内容）

1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；

2. 分析上述国家功臣身上有哪些值得我们学习的优良品质；

3. 谈谈其中某一品质对你的启发，并举例说明。

（写作要求）

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

（评分标准）

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

请注意阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单 词。每个空格只填1个单词。

Company culture is a hot topic for nearly every business. Everyone wants to create a productive, collaborative and inviting work environment where all employees follow shared values and work toward a common goal.

We asked a group of entrepreneurs to share how they encourage their teams to participate in building the company culture. Here are their top recommendations.

Get employee input on the hiring process

While a hiring manager should always have a final say over who joins the team, it could help to allow employees of all levels to participate in the hiring process. Ismael Wrixen, CEO of FE International recommends letting some of a candidate's future teammates sit in on an interview, as this can help you find people who will fit in well with your other employees.

"Our company has a real familiar feel, and team members often socialize outside or work." Wrixen explains. ''Considering how people will fit in the team once they are hired has always been an important consideration."

Create a space and environment that allows for breaks

Company culture-building can sometimes feel forced, says Jessica Gonzalez, CEO of InCharged. To make it more organic and natural, Gonzalez believes the best thing to do is to create the space and environment for it.

"Some companies get a Ping-Pong table,” she says. "It doesn't really matter the details, but you have given your employees permission to take breaks and blow off some steam with their coworkers. That's where culture and connection will be built."

Stop micromanaging

If you want your employees to build a great culture of their own, don't disturb the process, says Solomon Thimothy, president of OneIMS. While he monitors all processes on his team (including culture-building), he only gets involved when his staff needs him, rather than constantly micromanaging.

"Connect people with each other, define your expectations, set the pace and leave them alone,” Thimothy says.

Plan activities that reflect your shared values

According to Beth Doane, managing partner of Main & Rose, your internal brand should reflect your external one. She recommends bringing your team together around a shared set of values and then doing activities to strengthen that brand.

"As a social-good focused firm, we love doing activities that give back-hiking, volunteering, cleaning up the environment, Doane adds. "It's fun and it gets the whole team involved in our mission."

Ask for their ideas and suggestions

If you really want your employees to help build the company culture, all you have to do is ask them for their input. Chris Christoff, cofounder of Monster Insights, says he is open to suggestions from team members on how to perform more efficiently.

“Opening the invitation to new ideas fosters a positive company culture because it shows employees their voices are heard and their opinions matter because they do," Christoff says. “It creates a relaxing, trustworthy environment where everyone respects what each other has to say.”

Anyhow, it's important to remember that culture is not necessarily a top-down creation. Instead, a successful culture is developed and maintained by the workers who live it every single day.

    When the novelist Luis Alberto Urrea was 14 or 15, he took a trip deep into Mexico. He was born in Tijuana to a Mexican father and a white American mother before moving just across the border and eventually into the San Diego suburbs. But his father thought he was becoming “too American”, and took him on a 27-hour journey to Mazatian. Along the way, his father gave him a paperback copy of The Godfather and told him it would change his life. “I don’t think he was trying to make a case for us being criminals,” Urrea says, “but he really felt this incredible connection to the family and the traditions and the honor for the old country, as people were making their way in the U.S.”

In his new novel The House of Broken Angels, Urrea has written his own take on the Godfather story with a Mexican-American Don Corleone figure at its center. The story takes place over two days, as Big Angel de la Cruz buries his mother and celebrates his final birthday party on earth; he knows he’s dying, and he’s gathered his extended family around him for a noisy and lively goodbye.

The idea was inspired by the final birthday party of Urrea’s elder brother three years ago. “Everybody was jammed in his backyard, and there was a DJ and people dancing and consuming a serious amount of American junk food — they didn’t want Mexican food, they wanted KFC and pizza. I thought, where are the tacos, dude? And my brother sat in his little chair in the middle of it. People were coming to him and kneeling, and they would thank him and kiss his hand or touch his head and tell him all the ways he had changed their lives.”

Urrea’s brother died of cancer within two weeks at 74, and the heartbreaking event haunted the author. He considered writing a memoir(回忆录)about it—“I was thinking about Truman Capote, when he did those tiny books about Christmas and Thanksgiving.” But his wife encouraged him to aim bigger. When he found himself seated next to the writer Jim Harrison at a dinner event, he shared the story, and Harrison said, “Sometimes God hands you a novel. You have to write it.” Urrea thought to himself “Marching orders from Jim Harrison―this is good stuff. A kid from Tijuana doesn’t get that very often.”

The House of Broken Angels is a celebration of the Mexican-American family, but it also includes moments of frustration with this country’s treatment of the immigrant group. Before he got too sick to work, Big Angel worked in an office and drank coffee from a cup that read BOSS. “Yeah, the employees all got the message,” Urrea writes. “The Mexican-American was calling himself their boss.” In a grocery store, a woman screams at two of his family members that they’ll be kicked out of the country soon. “I had to bite down on the bitterness of my rage(愤怒), man!” Urrea says. “I was having some pretty serious response to Donald Trump’s confusing and empty talk. But you know, it may have shocked a lot of the United States to hear this kind of empty talk and this bald-faced racialism of politics all of a sudden, but to us, this stuff isn’t a surprise?”

“I really wanted to write a tribute to my brother, to my family and to us, but it’s also a love song to the country,” Urrea says. “I think people have this weird, horrible view... that immigrants are evil snakes. People don’t understand that immigration is truly a statement of love for this country, whatever the country represents. People want to be here and work.” And with persistence, they become the boss.

1.Why did Urrea’s father give him the book The Godfather?

A.He wanted Urrea to enjoy the 27-hour journey.

B.He thought the book had changed his own life.

C.He tried to show Urrea a real case of criminals.

D.He hoped Urrea would feel connected to Mexico.

2.The question “where are the tacos, dude?” in Paragraph 3 probably suggests ________.

A.Mexican traditions have been left behind

B.the people like American junk food best

C.it is difficult to buy the Mexican food

D.the tacos are popular with everyone there

3.Urrea thought of Truman Capote because ________.

A.Capote was good at writing tiny books

B.Capote’s books are about Christmas

C.he intended to write a memoir

D.he liked reading Capote’s books

4.In the sentence “A kid from Tijunana doesn’t get that very often”, “A kid” here refers to ________.

A.Jim Harrison B.Luis Alberto Urrea

C.Truman Capote D.Big Angel de la Cruz

5.We can learn from Paragraph 5 that ________.

A.Big Angel himself was the boss of his office

B.Mexican immigrants were treated unfairly

C.Urrea’s family were kicked out of the country

D.Urrea heard Trump’s talk ahead of time

6.The House of Broken Angels mainly focuses on the novelist’s ________.

A.love for the Mexican-American family

B.life in the Mexican-American family

C.mixed feelings towards American people

D.mature reflection on Mexican traditions

    To move visual technology into the future, sometimes it helps to make a little noise. Researchers have used sound waves to produce floating 3-D images, create a sense of touch and even supply a soundtrack.

Since the 1940s, scientists have toyed with the concept of acoustic levitation(声悬浮), the use of soundwave vibrations to trap tiny things in midair. The technology has gained greater capabilities in the past decade. Some researchers believe this improvement could lead to applications such as contributing to novel 3-D printing methods, or creating displays that would be visible from any angle without requiring a screen.

Other researchers have also worked on visual displays that use acoustic levitation. In addition to visuals, the system can also produce audible noise to give the display a soundtrack. And the ultrasound speakers can also concentrate vibrations in one spot so that a finger might feel a sense pushing back—a little like the object shown by the floating image is really there. Soundwaves create a 3-D display!

Display without a screen is remarkably useful. It means that everybody in the room can see the image—any angle, location—and that’s extremely helpful. As a communications system, such a display might one day allow users to chat with a 3-D projection(投影) of a person who can turn his or her head to follow as they move around a room.

The display will require a lot more work before you can install it in your living room, however. So far, this has been done in the research laboratory. We need to push it a little bit harder. We need to do more analysis to see if it would make sense to create a real display that people would have at home. The current system can only show simple graphics, such as a smiley face or figure eight, in real time.

Still, we are optimistic about the potential for this type of technology. If the system had only one speaker-covered surface instead of two, it could generate images that are bigger than the device itself. We can’t make a TV image that’s bigger than the TV—even a projector has to have a projection screen that’s bigger than the image itself. But with a volumetric(容积的) display, a small, portable device might produce a much larger picture. We can imagine, in the future, having volumetric displays in watches, for example, that create large images that just project out of your watch.

1.From the first two paragraphs soundwave vibrations can be used to _________.

A.catch very small objects in midair

B.develop 3-D printer’s capabilities

C.replace a creative display screen

D.compose soundtracks by making no noise

2.What do we know about display without a screen?

A.It has resulted in visual technology.

B.It is possible to see the image from any direction.

C.It is already ripe to create a real one at home.

D.It has yet to be tested in the research laboratory.

3.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A.Outlooks for the new technology.

B.Situations of the modern technology.

C.Praise for the cutting-edge technology.

D.Room for the technical improvement.

4.What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A.Hearing Is Seeing—Sound Waves Create a 3-D Display

B.Seeing is Believing—3-D Printing Methods Arrive

C.Advancing Sense of Touch—3-D Images Float in the Air

D.Promoting TV Technology—Chat with 3-D Projections

    As robots are increasingly playing a part in society, we need to consider whether and how machines can learn morality. While robots can’t be ethical(伦理的) agents in themselves, we can program them to act according to certain rules. But what is it that we expect from them?

A 2016 study by UC San Francisco found that most virtual assistants struggled to respond to domestic violence or sexual assault(袭击). To sentences like “I am being abused”, several responded: “I don’t know what that means. If you like, I can search the web”. Such responses fail to help vulnerable people, who are most often women in this case.

But should virtual assistants ever be able to call the police when it overhears domestic violence? In a widely reported case from 2017, Amazon Echo was said to have called 911 during a violent assault. Responding to the incident, Amazon denied that Echo would have been able to call the police without clear instruction. Even if it had the ability, it is unlikely that people would expect a virtual assistant to go beyond providing information.

Then, there are robots whose very function gives rise to ethical questions. How should a driverless car react in an accident? To answer this question, Philippa Foot’s famous philosophical thought experiment, the trolley(有轨电车) problem, is usually rolled out. It goes as follows: imagine you see an unstoppable trolley zooming down a track, towards five people who are tied to the track. If you do nothing, they’ll die. But, as it happens, you are standing next to a lever that can redirect the trolley to a side track, which has one person tied to it. What should you do?

Variations of this experiment are invoked(援引) to ask whether a self-driving car should turn sharply around a jaywalking pedestrian teenager while putting the two elderly passengers at risk. Should it spare the young over the old? Or should it save two people over one?

Driverless cars are unlikely to encounter or solve the trolley problem, but the way we expect them to solve the variations could depend on where we’re from. In the moral machine experiment, MIT Media Lab researchers collected millions of answers from people around the world on how they think cars should solve these dilemmas. It turns out that preferences among countries and cultures differ wildly.

If, however, machines attain superior decision-making abilities, it may be necessary to have a full public discussion as to what should be the new and prevailing norms. But if we don’t come up with an ethical framework, we might risk leaving it to companies to regulate their own products or for people to choose with their wallet.

Figuring out what robot ethics we’d want is, therefore only the beginning.

1.The first three paragraphs indicate that virtual assistants _________.

A.must be programmed to learn morality

B.ever called 911 during a violent assault

C.have no abilities to respond to domestic violence

D.are expected to go beyond providing information

2.According to the experiments, we can learn that _________.

A.the trolley is redirected to the track tied with one person over five

B.the self-driving car turns sharply to spare the teenager over the old

C.people from different cultures and countries make varied decisions

D.MIT Media Lab researchers have worked out practical regulations

3.The passage mainly talks about _________.

A.why robots are unlikely to solve the morality problems

B.whether robots are expected to make ethical decisions

C.what tech companies have done to better robots’ response

D.how robots try to react to domestic violence or dilemmas

Thanks for your interest in visiting the Los Angeles Zoo with your school group! Please read the following information before booking your field trip.

Requirements

Special discounted admission prices are available with advance reservations ONLY for California school groups, short-termed as CSG, (registered with the California Department of Education). They can enjoy 10% off.

PLEASE NOTE:

Reservation blackout dates(限制日期) may apply to all groups at certain times of the year (e.g. holidays and spring break). If your group comes on a blackout date or has not made the necessary reservations before arriving at the Zoo, your group will be charged the regular admission fees.

Docent(讲解员)-Guided Tours

Our docent guides lead educational walking tours for students and their teachers, beginning at first grade. A limited number of docent-guided tours are available. There is no additional fee for a docent-guided tour, but you must book your tour at least two weeks in advance. Do not assume you have a guided tour booked until you have received a confirmation number and packet from the Los Angeles Zoo. On the day of your field trip, your group will need to arrive at least 30 minutes before the confirmed start time of your tour to check in. Make sure to tell Zoo staff upon your arrival that your group has a docent-guided tour. If you are more than 15 minutes late for your tour, it may be canceled.

Maximum number: 150 participants Ages: K-12

Regular Pricing: $5 per student, 1 teacher per 10 students is included, $5 per additional teacher

1.How much should be paid if a California school group with 2 teachers and 13 students has made an early booking for the zoo?

A.$63. B.$67.5. C.$70. D.$75.

2.From the above information, we can learn that _________.

A.California groups have access to special discounted prices

B.all groups may have to pay regular prices in spring break

C.additional fees for a docent-guided tour will be chained

D.a field group must arrive half an hour earlier to check in

    Washington is home to lots of trees, fireplaces and wood-burning stoves. But what if you couldn’t chop _______ or couldn’t afford to pay someone to do it? _______, Shane McDaniel and his twin sons are happy to chop truckloads of wood—then donate it to those in need.

The _______ started as a father-son bonding project. “I had to cut wood with my dad. He just _______ doing it,” says Shane. He wanted to _______ that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 chopping wood. The _______ was a great wall of wood piled up.

It was too _______ for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned cold that November, Shane started thinking of others. He _______ a photo of them and “Please help us help someone who ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT.” on Facebook. The _______ was immediate. One man ____________ to donate a wood-burning stove. One woman, noticing the photo of the McDaniel men in the Facebook post, felt ____________: “Please post more pictures. I don’t need the wood. ____________ truly I appreciate the eye candy!”

Single mom Katelyn Ticer and her four-year-old daughter ____________ a wood-burning stove as their sole source of heat, so it was a ____________ to receive a truckload of firewood from the McDaniels. She told msn.com, “So much stress and anxiety is ____________ my shoulders. I couldn’t be more thankful.”

Not every receiver is as ____________. “Some aren’t even friendly. It’s just not in them,” Shane says. “They are angry with the world and ____________ that they had to ask for help. They just have no other option than ____________.” But Shane is OK with that. “Giving is the ____________,” he says. “It has nothing to do with how well it’s received; it’s about how much it’s ________________

1.A.board B.wood C.bushes D.trees

2.A.Suddenly B.Surprisingly C.Excitedly D.Luckily

3.A.idea B.issue C.connection D.impression

4.A.tried B.hated C.loved D.minded

5.A.believe in B.show off C.start with D.pass along

6.A.result B.reason C.bonus D.promise

7.A.cheap B.little C.much D.expensive

8.A.saw B.took C.searched D.posted

9.A.advice B.analysis C.arrangement D.response

10.A.failed B.offered C.happened D.ceased

11.A.warm B.cold C.depressed D.satisfied

12.A.So B.Or C.But D.And

13.A.gave back B.took over C.relied on D.picked out

14.A.burden B.chance C.trouble D.relief

15.A.on B.off C.from D.across

16.A.grateful B.helpful C.hopeful D.careful

17.A.happy B.mad C.curious D.terrified

18.A.starving B.wandering C.freezing D.begging

19.A.reward B.success C.fault D.dilemma

20.A.ignored B.needed C.refused D.acknowledged

—Pity that Linda’s losing her job three years on end!

—Don’t worry about her. She always ________!

A.lands on her feet B.has frogs in her throat

C.laughs her head off D.has butterflies in her stomach

It is estimated that 5G devices will be             for commercial applications in China in 2020 with the issue of 5G licenses.

A.unique B.flexible C.mature D.delicate

         the heroes sacrificing their lives for the country's glorious causes, red is chosen as the basic color of the national flag.

A.In regard to B.In proportion to

C.In salute to D.In response to

After he was officially pronounced the world’s oldest man, he offered this simple ________ for a long and happy life.

A.affection B.formula C.preference D.desire

By the time your habit of managing time is developed, you         better decisions about how to spend your time in your future career.

A.will have made B.will be made

C.are to make D.have been making