— Will the monthly allowance of $ 500 cover all your living expenses?

— I ________ have no problem with money, as I am quite good at handling it.

A.might B.should C.could D.would

China is now taking powerful measures to resist US actions that ________ in its internal affairs and harm its interests.

A.participate B.dive C.interfere D.engage

The Molalla High School has a wall of Post-it notes ________ students write kind messages for kids to take when they have a bad day.

A.that B.which C.when D.where

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1.How much snow fell on Thursday?

A.Two inches. B.Three inches. C.Five inches.

2.What was the weather like on Wednesday?

A.It was rainy. B.It was snowy. C.It was windy.

3.Which road can be used?

A.A620. B.A625. C.A720.

4.How was the trapped man rescued?

A.By a car. B.By a helicopter. C.By an ambulance.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.Where do the speakers live now?

A.In Columbia. B.In Japan. C.In Canada.

2.What does Ron’s father do?

A.He fixes trucks. B.He flies airplanes. C.He sails on boats.

3.Which class did Ron do badly in?

A.Engineering. B.Spanish. C.Math.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.How often does the woman walk to work?

A.Two days a week. B.Three days a week. C.Four days a week.

2.What does the woman dislike about hired bikes?

A.The parking situation. B.The expense. C.The speed.

3.Where will the man go next?

A.To the restaurant. B.To the station. C.To the office.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.How long has the man been in China?

A.For one year. B.For two years. C.For four years.

2.Where are the speakers?

A.In an office. B.In a restaurant. C.In a park.

3.What is the main subject of the conversation?

A.Entertainment. B.History. C.Culture.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What does the woman usually do with her phone?

A.Watch films.

B.Pay for groceries.

C.Communicate with co-workers.

2.How many phones does the man want to have?

A.One. B.Two. C.Three.

Who are the speakers?

A.Instructor and student. B.Family members. C.Salesman and customer.

How does the man feel?

A.Worried. B.Confident. C.Afraid.

What is the woman concerned about?

A.Losing the phone.

B.Getting the phone wet.

C.Making the phone too hot.

Why did Tony go to London?

A.To enjoy the beautiful views. B.To visit a relative. C.To see a doctor.

What is the woman probably looking at?

A.Her phone. B.A cat near her. C.A funny book.

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter正在北京参与交换项目的学习，期间他想参加中国传统文化方面的课程，来信希望你能推荐一个课程。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 你的推荐；

2. 课程内容；

3. 推荐理由。        

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

With the graduation day approaching, memory are flooding back to me. I remember how unwillingly I was to enter the classroom. “If I have studied harder before, I would have gone to a better senior high school,” I said it to myself. However, I later realized I fell in love with a school.

The campus scenery is pleasant. The antique pavilion (亭子), where stands on a small hillside, impresses me most. Surrounded green trees, I can admire the beautiful sunrise and sunset. I often wander around the charming pond and see myself reflecting in its transparent water. Any pains I have are smoothed and float away. The kind teachers and easy-going classmates also warm my heart and cheer me up when I am in low spirits.

Every time I recall my unforgettable moments, I smile. We’ve all grew over these three years.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese women’s volleyball team has undoubtedly been the national pride 1. it first claimed the championship in 1981. It 2. (beat) Serbia on September 28, 2019, right before the National Day holiday, defending 3. (it) World Cup crown with a record of 11 straight wins. People across the country cheered for them. But few knew how hard the players worked 4. (make) it look so easy.

Directed by Peter Ho-sun Chan and starring A-list actress Gong Li, the movie Leap (《夺冠》), tells us the story behind the team, 5. follows several generations of women’s volleyball players as they attempt to win glory for the country.

 6. (face) with tough rivals like Brazil and the Netherlands, China’s ladies train hard, living 7. “dull” daily life of never-ending blocking and spiking practice. They refuse to quit, however, 8. (work) even after the stadium lights have gone out and pushing themselves through 9. (injury).

“Within China’s sporting world, Lang, the legendary player-turned-manager, is the one who can bridge the gap between generations and resonate with audiences’ patriotism. The film can further attract people 10. different ages and backgrounds to cinemas” one commentator noted on iFeng.com.

    In January 2018, I was commuting (通勤) from Brooklyn to New Jersey. I have two little kids and a busy business, so a quiet train ride felt like a mini ______. Yet I found myself spending that ______ time scrolling through my social media feeds. One day, I ______ my phone and started writing thank-you notes to people who had ______ to a fund I had organized.

When I got off the train that day, I was in a noticeably better ______. The next day, I wrote more thank-yous — and felt the same. When I finished writing the notes, I ______ them up. There were 31 — one for every day of the year so far. Something ______. What if I kept it up?

I decided to write one thank-you note for every day of that year. I had no shortage of people I was ______ for. So I picked out a different ______ for each month. January was charity — and, thankfully, I had already completed that ______.

February would be ______ to neighbors, and I thought of a dozen names right away. I remembered when the owners of our local bookstore let me and my five-year-old son, Henry, in before the store opened. I ______ when our 14-year-old babysitter ______ a bag of old board games for our kids to play.

Writing the notes wasn’t all that ______: Each was two or three sentences long, taking just a few minutes to ______. I focused on the person I was writing to and what I wanted to say, and the words came fairly easily. That focus felt ______. It was good for my brain, which had been trained to ______ from this feed to that e-mail.

While writing the notes, I eventually realized why this task was the perfect antidote (解药) to my social ______. What was I actually doing when I scrolled through Facebook? More often than not, I was ______ other people’s lives — their beach vacations, their organized kitchens. Writing thank-you notes was an act of noticing and ______ my own life.

1.A.trip B.adventure C.vacation D.celebration

2.A.lonely B.precious C.boring D.tiring

3.A.picked up B.brought out C.put up D.put down

4.A.contributed B.offered C.led D.expanded

5.A.mood B.situation C.position D.harmony

6.A.folded B.arranged C.piled D.counted

7.A.happened B.clicked C.appeared D.presented

8.A.thoughtful B.awful C.grateful D.respectful

9.A.theme B.topic C.object D.range

10.A.cause B.assignment C.goal D.contract

11.A.written B.provided C.celebrated D.devoted

12.A.reminded B.recalled C.recognized D.reflected

13.A.dropped off B.took off C.set off D.put off

14.A.tiring B.boring C.breath-taking D.time-consuming

15.A.form B.compose C.accumulate D.type

16.A.exhausting B.desperate C.refreshing D.independent

17.A.work B.lock C.fasten D.wander

18.A.feeds B.media C.activities D.participations

19.A.observing B.admiring C.following D.sharing

20.A.lengthening B.purifying C.honoring D.varying

Five Health Facts Your Doctor Wants You to Know

1. Cold weather makes you sick.

Myth! Germs (病菌) are the only thing that can make you sick. You can go out in the freezing cold with wet hair, and if there aren’t any germs around, you'll stay sniffle-free. But there is a correlation:1.

2. You shouldn’t ice a burn.

Truth! Most skin damage from a burn comes from the inflammatory (发炎) response, and ice can damage cells and make it worse. 2. Then wash with mild soap and apply an antibiotic (抗生素) ointment.

3. Antiperspirants (止汗剂) cause cancer.

Myth! Antiperspirants temporarily keep sweat from escaping, and some scientists have suggested that letting it build up in the ducts could cause tumors(肿瘤). 3. And the largest study to date on the subject has found no link between cancer and antiperspirants.

4.4.

Truth! A 2017 study found that when bystanders gave CPR to people in cardiac arrest (心脏停搏), survival rates were higher when they employed uninterrupted chest compressions rather than pausing for rescue breaths.

5. Eating too much sugar will give you diabetes.

Myth! Sweet foods don’t directly lead to chronically (慢性地) high blood sugar. But they can contribute to obesity, which is a risk factor for diabetes. 5.

A.Germs are active if you have a cold.

B.But research hasn’t confirmed that theory.

C.CPR doesn’t require mouth-to-mouth breathing.

D.Therefore, it’s inappropriate to deal with the burn with ice.

E.Instead, first immerse the burn in cool water for about five minutes.

F.So keeping a well-balanced diet and limiting treats is still the right idea.

G.The germs that cause the common cold grow energetically in low temperatures.

    We all experience “oh crap” moments. Running into the person you canceled a date with — while you’re on another date. Realizing you hit “reply all”on an e-mail that you’d do anything to have back. Whatever the situation, the first thing you probably do is freak out. Everybody does.

While many of us think that we’re cool in a crisis, science tells us that we seldom are. At the moment we need to be keenly aware of our surroundings, our attention can tunnel in on the scariest thing in the scene, leaving us unaware of the other sights, sounds, and even smells around us. Armed robbers go unidentified because witnesses remember little more than the guns. Our ability to remember the things we do notice also becomes compromised; we can be told something, and two seconds later we’ll forget. And we jump to conclusions. When we’re freaked out, we’re anything but at our best.

These normal human reactions can be reversed. Once you calm down, you’ll face the most routinely ignored challenge of any crisis situation — identifying what the crisis is really about. We tend to misdiagnose problems because we don’t practice for them. Do the thinking ahead of time so you can just find the solution when it’s showtime. This is why flight attendants suggest you find the closest exit before you depart — so you don’t have to go exit shopping after the plane has caught fire or is sinking into a river.  

Performing in a crisis is becoming more important for all of us, for two reasons. Back in the good old days, the reliability of most anything we used or did was far less than it is today. Now think about what happens to our preparedness as the possibility of something bad happening shrinks. Unless we practice what hardly ever happens, our ability to respond when it does happen tends to slip away. Reliability can kill you. Also, the systems we use today are more complex. There are seldom moving parts in plain view that allow us to see when things are about to go wrong. When complex systems lack transparency (透明度,显而易见), serious situations can “come out of nowhere.” We should all learn to breathe, recognize the situation, and carry out the plan that we were smart enough to prepare well in advance.

1.What does the underlined phrase “freak out” mean?

A.Be at one’s best. B.Calm down gradually.

C.Run away immediately. D.Panic or be scared.

2.Why do armed robbers go unidentified?

A.Because the witnesses jump to conclusions.

B.Because the witnesses focus on their scariest thing.

C.Because the witnesses forget what they have been told.

D.Because the witnesses are keenly aware of the surroundings.

3.Why is it more important for us to perform in a crisis today?

A.Because of less reliability and less complexity.

B.Because of more reliability and more complexity.

C.Because of worse transparency and less preparedness.

D.Because of better transparency and more preparedness.

4.What would the passage suggest doing in case a fire breaks out?

A.Taking a deep breath and dialing 119.

B.Staying cool and ignoring the challenge.

C.Calming down and remembering the situation.

D.Performing escaping and rescuing beforehand.

Hey, man,

Good to hear from you again. Your e-mail came in just as I was chatting with another friend, Jeff. I wish I had better advice.

You know, after I left the Shenandoah Valley, my next job was in Rocky Mount. The two other sportswriters on staff, Travis and Jeff, were in their mid-20s too. Honestly, we’d come to Rocky Mount to leave Rocky Mount. We complained about our shop and envied the Charlotte Observer and the Raleigh News & Observer. What resources they had! Writers who covered only one team didn’t have to lay out pages. Talk about living the dream. If we could just get to one of those places! Then we could go somewhere else!

Travis, Jeff, and I bonded over our desire to part ways. We ate dinner together and went out to cover our games and came back to help send the final pages to the printer. On the best nights, we’d grab the news editors and play Wiffle ball, laughing and joking until almost sunrise.

We all left there within a year, as intended. Jeff became one of the most well-known NASCAR writers in the country, with almost 200,000 Twitter followers. Now he’s got his own media company that’s doing quite well. In 2017, Jeff and I went to a Charlotte Knights game, and Jeff said something about Rocky Mount that I won’t forget. “I didn’t appreciate it then, but honestly, when I look back, it’s probably the best time I’ve ever had in my career.”

Maybe success isn’t measured in achievements, or “being happy with who you are”. Goals and personal peace are selfish markers, and I don’t mean to imply selfishness is a bad thing, not at all. Selfishness is the axis of humankind, from cavemen to astronauts to saints on earth. Individual accomplishments bring worldwide accomplishments. But all of the accomplishments may not leave you feeling successful, right?

The point is, maybe success is a smaller calculation, something more like what Jeff hinted at. Maybe success is having the wherewithal (所需的物资) to be grateful at the precise moment you have something to be grateful for.

Thank you for writing, old friend.

Mike

1.When Mike went to the Rocky Mount, ________.

A.he appreciated life there.

B.he lived the dream there.

C.he intended to land a better job elsewhere.

D.he got a job with all resources he longed for there.

2.What did Mike do in Rocky Mount?

A.A printer. B.A reporter.

C.A player. D.An editor.

3.Which of the following is true?

A.Mike believes selfishness is part of human nature.

B.We feel happy when we are calculating small numbers.

C.Mike disagrees with Jeff’s comment on their life in Rocky Mount.

D.Individual accomplishments are unrelated to worldwide accomplishments.

4.Mike is giving advice on ______.

A.what happiness is B.what success is

C.how to achieve more D.how to land a better job

    They may seem like ordinary people by day but in their spare time, these office, shop and school workers bring history to life. During the week they work in shops, offices, clinics and schools, but at weekends they transform into Vikings, Romans and Medieval peasants. The world of re-enactment (重演) is booming with more and more men and women taking up the hobby of travelling to bygone times.

Factory manager of a busy printers, Brett Freeman, 46, from Nottingham, changes into “Padmore,” a Victorian street-seller selling stationery (文具).

Already a veteran (老兵) of military re-enactments, Brett joined the “Ragged Victorians” when middle-age kicked in. “I was too old to portray a soldier but I wanted to get back into the hobby and the Ragged Victorians looked the best in terms of being genuine.”

At his first event, group members gave him “loaner gear” and a year to research his character. His teeth blackened with theatrical stain, in top hat and floppy coat, Brett looks every bit his Victorian image.

Seeking inspiration, Brett dipped into the works of Victorian journalist, Henry Mayhew, who wrote about the working people of London.

“My character is inspired by the description of a stationer in Mayhew’s London Labour and London Poor. I mixed that up with my own background in print, and local historical sources to create street stationer, Padmore, which is the name of my Victorian great-great grandfather.”

“Getting into kit (装备) helps immensely and once you are in the public area you try to remain in character wherever possible.” For extra authenticity, Brett combines his language with Victorian selling patter (顺口溜), replacing the word “envelope” with “hangflups.”

“Re-enacting is great fun, but we’re always glad of a hot shower and a comfortable bed at the end of the weekend,” says Brett. “Normal life can seem very dull after a particularly good weekend. It would be wonderful to go back in time for a visit, but studying the period as I have done, makes you realise just how hard life was for our ancestors.”

1.Why does Brett choose to be a Victorian street-seller?

A.He has already played a veteran.

B.Portraying a soldier no longer fit him.

C.He is a manager of a busy printers.

D.His blackened teeth make it real.

2.What does the underlined phrase “loaner gear” in paragraph 4 mean?

A.Stage costume lent to him. B.Money paid on loan.

C.Adequate time. D.An assistant.

3.Which of the following words can best describe Brett?

A.Brave and careful. B.Kind and positive.

C.Humorous and caring. D.Serious and devoted.

4.Where can you probably find the above passage?

A.In a research report. B.In a magazine.

C.In a travel brochure. D.In an advertisement.

    A study by the Institute for Employment Studies found that learners reported higher life enjoyment and greater confidence. The following apps will help you to learn something new… 

Quizlet

Whether you’re learning gardening knowledge and cooking techniques, or getting to grasp your favourite literature classics, the online learning platform, Quizlet, gives you access to over 300 million different study sets on almost any subject you can imagine — for free. Whether you are learning a skill yourself or helping your grandchild revise their school work, Quizlet is a great study platform for mastering any subject.

Babbel

As well as being a great skill to show off on holiday, learning a new language can have profound effects on the way you approach problem-solving and might even give you a hand in your career. Not only does speaking a little of the local language give you a great sense of accomplishment, studying a language sparks a strong desire to travel, too.

Blinkist

Blinkist is the perfect app to assist you this summer, providing the key highlights from non-fiction books in both audio and text form. Whether you want to start a new business, improve your management skills, or achieve a better work/life balance, micro-learning app Blinkist takes key ideas from non-fiction texts and summarize them into easy-to-consume 15-minute digests.

Remente

Whether the aim is to improve mental wellbeing, mindfulness, stress management or personal or professional relationships, Remente guides a user through every step in order to make their goals a reality. It does this through breaking down your overall aim into daily goals, making large tasks, manageable and keeping you on track.

1.Which app favors senior citizens?

A.Babbel. B.Quizlet.

C.Blinkist. D.Remente.

2.What is special about Blinkist?

A.It provides key non-fiction books.

B.It improves your micro-learning ability.

C.It offers shortened non-fiction books.

D.It improves your management skills.

3.If you’re stressed with your new business, you can choose _____?

A.Babbel & Quizlet B.Remente & Quizlet

C.Blinkist & Babbel D.Blinkist & Remente

假如你是李华，听闻你的笔友Tom所在城市伦敦开展Books on the underground（丢书大作战）的读书活动，你很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，内容包括：

1. 谈谈你对阅读的看法；

2. 分享一本对你影响最大的书.

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号((∧)),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Recently I found a couple of donation box in my living community. People come to it when they have clothes they don't wear. The donation box, I think, is of great useful. I have a lot of clothes which don't fit for me any longer. I have no idea before about how to deal with the clothes that are real new and still in good condition. Now I know how to do next. I will donate them or help those people in need. So I think the donation box is good idea that lights up our life and make the world a better place to live in.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together  1. (record) and collect digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, which were a key stop 2. the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high quality digital photographs 3.( produce) since the international project started in 1994.

The Mogao Caves 4.(study) in many countries have long been a meeting point for different cultures. Today the caves are just as international as they were at the time5.people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has reproduced a copy of the caves and6.(paint) for people to admire in America.

By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even 7.(wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions.8.one researcher who is working on the project explains, “9.(appreciate) one's own cultural heritage is very important for understanding oneself. Recognizing the cultural heritage of other countries 10. (do) good to international communication and understanding."

    The other day I was shopping at a local store and came upon a lady from India squatting (蹲)on the floor ___ a certain product on the bottom shelf. She ___when she saw me as if to get out of my way. ___ , she explained that she was a ___ and on her lunch break, trying to ____ a few needed items.

I told her, “I am in no hurry. ____and do what you need to do. ” While she searched for a particular brand, she said that sometimes customers were ___ to her and she really ____ my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely by some people and they needed to be more ___.

It is stressful to the cashier when people are ____ at them when the cashier is doing the best they know how. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and ____some of what she was saying. Sometimes patients or doctors could be very rude. But I ___ to understand why they were____ that way and let it go.

She thanked me for being so ____ and friendly. I told her, “The world would be a better place if we all acted ___ toward each other. Those who are rude may have bad karma (报应)coming after them ___ for treating people badly. She nodded and said it was ___ that I knew what karma was.

It felt so good that I may have helped her ___ the pressure for even a few seconds. In a brief ___ I showed her there are good and kind people in the world and may have boosted (增强)her faith in ___ .

1.A.looking for B.looking into C.pulling apart D.pulling down

2.A.bent B.passed C.jumped D.ran

3.A.Tentatively B.Honestly C.Apologetically D.Unwillingly

4.A.manager B.student C.teacher D.cashier

5.A.get B.put C.mark D.show

6.A.Calm down B.Go ahead C.Keep up D.Try on

7.A.patient B.good C.kind D.rude

8.A.accepted B.appreciated C.remembered D.expected

9.A.considerate B.helpful C.honest D.careful

10.A.nodding B.glancing C.glaring D.smiling

11.A.heard B.ignored C.understood D.did

12.A.happened B.tried C.intended D.forgot

13.A.crying B.fighting C.shopping D.feeling

14.A.cool B.nice C.humorous D.generous

15.A.kindly B.coldly C.differently D.equally

16.A.frequently B.eventually C.regularly D.seldom

17.A.puzzling B.satisfying C.frightening D.amazing

18.A.reduce B.realize C.find D.increase

19.A.interview B.speech C.exchange D.lecture

20.A.peace B.future C.truth D.humanity

    Are you crying because you're sad or because something moves you? It's all okay. Some people try to hold back tears because they are scared it makes them seem weak, which is not a wise practice. Don't try to fight the tears, but let them flow freely, 1. .

1. It gives you more support

Sometimes people don't understand how much something is bothering you,2. . Research carried out in 2018 shows that crying is so-called attachment behavior. This means that crying makes people want to comfort you and support you.

2. 3.

When you cry because something made you sad, the pain is often quite sharp, but you do feel relieved after you cry. That is not that strange. Researchers found out that your body produces oxytocin and endorphins when you cry. These components make people feel good and that's why you experience the sharp pain a little less intense.

3. It is said to cause less stress

4. , but researchers are convinced that crying can lessen stress. When you cry, your tears contain a certain concentration of stress hormones (激素). These stress hormones leave your body when you cry and researchers have developed a theory that you experience less stress after crying because of it.

4. It can improve your sight

Most people know tears as the drops that pour over your cheeks when you cry, but there is also something called 'basal tears'. This is the liquid that is produced when you blink (眨眼).It keeps your eyes watery and allows you to see clearly. Sometimes your eyes can be a bit dry, 5.. When you cry, your eyes will be wet for a little.

A.It really eases the pain

B.It can make you farsighted

C.which makes you see a little less

D.It is no use crying over spilt milk

E.because crying also has four benefits

F.A lot of research still has to be done

G.but they suddenly understand it better when you cry

    Britain's got talent——but we're still wasting it. That's the main finding of a new report by researchers from Oxford University. Children of similar cognitive (认知) ability have very different chances of educational success； it still depends on their parents' economic, socio-cultural and educational resources. This contradicts a commonly held view that our education system has developed enough to give everyone a fighting chance. The researchers looked at data from groups of children born in three decades: 1950s, 1970s and 1990s.

They found significant evidence of a wastage of talent. Individuals with high levels of cognitive ability but with disadvantages in their social origins are unable to translate their ability into educational achievement to the same extent as their more advantaged counterparts (对照组). The research, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, found that only about half of the difference in educational achievement between children from advantaged and disadvantaged parental backgrounds is due to differences in their cognitive ability. The other half is due to other factors (因素)associated with their backgrounds.

“If we compare the educational achievement of children born in the 1990s to those in the late 1950s and early 1970s, we see that parents' economic resources have become a less important factor, but their socio-cultural and educational resources have grown in significance," says Dr. Bukodi. “That means that your parents' place in society and their own level of education still play a big part in how well you may do."

These experts are now calling for policy-makers to acknowledge that formal qualifications is only one channel for upward mobility (流动性)for high-ability individuals of disadvantaged backgrounds. Dr. Bukodi says, “These findings show that there are limits to how far inequalities of opportunity can be reduced through educational policy alone. Changes in educational policy aren't having the powerful effect we want."

1.What is the main finding of the research?

A.We're wasting talent due to education system.

B.Children of similar cognitive ability have different chances of educational success.

C.Children's cognitive ability depends on different educational resources.

D.Education system has developed enough to give chilidren a fighting chance.

2.How does the author mainly develop the text?

A.By making a comparison.

B.By discussing a result.

C.By giving examples.

D.By presenting reasons.

3.According to Dr. Bukodi, what affects children's educational achievement greatly?

A.Children's cognitive ability.

B.Parents' economic resouces.

C.Educational policy.

D.Parents' socio-cultural and educational backgrounds.

4.What is the author's attitude towards the finding of the new report?

A.Favorable. B.Objective.

C.Doubtful. D.Negative.

    A 23-year-old British woman has invented a product she hopes will one day replace single-use plastic.

The new product is made by combining fishing waste and algae (水藻).It could be used to replace plastic bags or containers that people use once and throw away. Lucy Hughes created the material, called MarinaTex, for her final year project at the University.

MarinaTex is edible, to put it in another way, it can be tasted without danger. Hughes says it is also strong and stable. But unlike plastic, MarinaTex biodegrades (生物降解)in four to six weeks under normal conditions and does not pollute the soil. The inventor said she is concerned about the growing amounts of plastics in ocean waters. She noted one report that there would be more plastic than fish in the world's oceans by the year 2050. The United Nations estimates that 100 million tons of plastic waste has already been left in the oceans. Hughes also was investigating ways to reduce the amount of waste from the fishing industry. The industry produces an estimated 50 million tons of waste worldwide each year, UN officials say.

Examining fish parts left over from processing helped to give her the idea for a material that was useful and did no harm to the environment. “Why do we need to have hundreds of man-made polymers (聚合体)when nature has so many already available?" she asked. After months of testing, Hughes produced a strong, flexible sheet that forms at temperatures below 100 degrees Celsius. Inventor James Dyson said that MarinaTex is “stronger, safer and much more sustainable (可持续的)”than plastic. It is also easier to break down. Hughes will receive about $ 41,000 prize money as the first place winner of the James Dyson Award. She plans to use the money to further develop the product and ways to mass produce it. "Further research and development will ensure that MarinaTex evolves further, and becomes part of a global answer to the abundance of single use plastic waste," Dyson said.

1.What do we know about MarinaTex?

A.It is a safe seafood.

B.It is a kind of waste.

C.It is a new kind of plastic.

D.It is a safe material that can replace plastic.

2.What does the underlined word “edible" in paragraph 2 mean?

A.Useful. B.Eatable.

C.Replaceable. D.Delicious.

3.What gets Hughes to creat MarinaTex?

A.Her concern about the growing amount of plastic in ocean.

B.Her occupational habit of trying out new things.

C.Her hope to help develop the fishing industry.

D.Her desire to win the prize money.

4.What can we infer from the last paragrach?

A.We need to have hundreds of MarinaTex available.

B.Hughes produced MarinaTex without much effort.

C.MarinaTex will be a good solution to plastic waste.

D.Hughes is the first winner of the James Dyson Award.

    A letter to the editor complained about someone stringing toilet paper on their trees. That letter brought a flood of responses defending this act as being harmless to friends: “ It's an honor to get toilet papered", said one writer, “and good fun for teenagers."

Reading these letters brought me chuckles (轻声笑)and then tears as they woke old memories of my mother’s ninety-second year. She was seriously ill that autumn. And I watched, powerless.

A decade before, I helped her break out" of the nursing home. It was a fine place with a caring staff. But Mom didn't want skilled care: she wanted to live on her own and just needed some assistance to do so. Being in a more restrictive environment than necessary was bad for her condition. The risk paid off, and I was rewarded by seeing my mother once again enjoying her life.

Ten years later, Mom's health declined, and my care-giving duties increased. One evening, for some unexplainable reason, I invited my mother to go toilet papering!

This outing would push my mother to her physical limits. Was I making a mistake? Secretly we went to my brother's home. In his backyard, I handed Mom a roll of toilet paper. Without hesitation she shot it skyward...

Mom papered a dozen trees in four family yards that unforgettable evening. The day after our big adventure, Mom and I sent a card to each of our victim, signed “From your decorators". We laughed all the way home from the post office, like two schoolgirls.

My mother's last year was marked by physical decline. However, we shared some simple fun each day. Those light-hearted moments were like a salve (慰藉)，and they are the ones I'll always remember. Toilet papering has taught us that play is powerful medicine!

1.Why did the author cry when reading the letter?

A.She was blamed for toilet papering.

B.It brought her childhood memory.

C.She thought of her sick mother.

D.It was very stressful.

2.The author helped her leave the nursing home in order that ____.

A.Mom could enjoy a free life

B.Mom could get more skilled home care

C.the nursing cost could be cut down

D.they could avoid taking risk

3.What can we learn from the mother's experience of toilet papering?

A.They did some damage to four family yards.

B.They were made to apologize for their mistakes.

C.Toilet papering made her illness worsened.

D.Toilet papering brought them much pleasure.

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A.A Letter of Complaint

B.Love Between Daughter and Mother

C.The Curing Power of Toilet Papering.

D.An Unforgettable Evening in Family Yards