Teenagers are often a difficult group.With all those hormones(荷尔蒙)flooding in their bodies，they can be moody，unpredictable，and tend to make uncertain choices.But however confusing their teenage years are，kids can still be generally happy，depending on their lifestyle choices.According to a new research by British scientists，teens who don't smoke，drink only moderately(适度地） or not at all，and who don't eat much junk food are likely to be happier than other teens.

The study looked at 40,000 British families and came up with some interesting findings.For example，kids who never drank alcohol were up to six times more likely to report higher levels of happiness than kids who drank.And teens who smoked were five times less likely to rate high on happiness charts compared to kids who didn't smoke.The same goes for diet and physical activities.The more fruits and vegetables kids eat，and the more hours they spend playing sports，the happier they are.

Now，of course this doesn't mean that not smoking or drinking，and playing sports can guarantee happiness.It could be that kids who have happy character tend to be more active and less addicted to drinking or smoking.And it could equally be the case that kids who are unhappy are more related to drinking，smoking and eating junk food.

Other studies have shown that exercise is a proven way to treat anxiety and depression. Future studies may support the idea that other healthy behaviors，including refraining(克制)from smoking，drinking，and eating too much junk food，can avoid sadness and increase happiness，too.

1.The author develops the second paragraph mainly by________.

A.making comparisons B.providing statistics

C.offering examples D.analyzing causes

2.What can we learn from the text？

A.Not smoking or drinking guarantees happiness.

B.Teens with flooding hormones cannot be happy.

C.Playing sports can decrease teens' unhappiness.

D.Unhappiness can certainly lead to smoking and drinking.

3.Which can be the best title for the text？

A.Ways to treat anxiety and depression

B.Exercise and teenagers' health

C.Teenagers shouldn't drink or smoke

D.Teenagers' lifestyle and their happiness

    Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life?

If yes，don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, then you’ll make it!

Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant

(No Pay with Free Meals)

Place: Manchester

Hours: Part Time

We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!

Role:

You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your primary concern is to let them know they are valued.

Skills and Experience Required:

You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.

1.The text is meant to ________.

A.leave a note B.send an invitation

C.present a document D.carry an. advertisement

2.What does the underlined part mean?

A.You’ll make others’ lives more meaningful with this job.

B.You’ll arrive home just in time from this job.

C.You’ll earn a good salary from this job.

D.You’ll succeed in getting this job.

3.The volunteers’ primary responsibility is to help people with learning disabilities ________.

A.to get some financial support

B.to properly protect themselves

C.to learn some new living skills

D.to realize their own importance

4.Which of the following can first be chosen as a volunteer?

A.The one who can drive a car.

B.The one who has done similar work before.

C.The one who has patience to listen to others.

D.The one who can use English to communicate.

    A house is the most expensive thing most people will buy. Very few people have enough money of their own to buy a home, so they have to borrow money from a bank. Borrowing money from a bank to buy a house is called “take a mortgage （抵押）”. The bank usually lends money or gives a mortgage for twenty-five years. Houses are so expensive that many people nowadays have to borrow as much as $ 50 000. In other words, they will have a $ 50 000 mortgage.

How can you get a mortgage？ When you find a house you like, you go to a bank. The bank will research you financial history and decide if they think you are a good risk. They will want to know what kind of job you have, what kind of salary you make, and how long you have had the job. They will also want to know how much money you have. In addition，the banks will require a down payment. Depending on which state you live in， the bank may require as much as 30% of the-price of the house as a down payment. The bank will then lend you the rest of the money to buy the house. Many people are never able to buy a house because they cannot save enough money for the down payment.

1.What does a house mean in the United States？

A.It is a dream which many people can hardly realize.

B.It is so expensive that many people cannot really buy them.

C.It is the most important property that many people try to buy.

D.It doesn‘t belong to people if they can’t borrow money from the bank.

2.If American people borrow money from the bank for 25 years，this means that the person who borrows____

A.has twenty-five years to pay back the money

B.has more than twenty-five years to pay back the money

C.has less than twenty-five years to pay back the money

D.has about twenty-five years to pay back the money

3.What does “down payment” refer to in the passage？

A.Money borrowed from a bank as a mortgage.

B.Money paid to a bank before the mortgages is given.

C.Interest received by a person who borrows money as the mortgages.

D.Interest charged by a bank on a mortgage.

4.The most suitable title for this passage would be _______.

A.How to Save Money on the House

B.How to Borrow Money from a Bank

C.How to Take a Mortgage

D.How to Buy a House

When it comes to success in business and success in life, there are few qualities as important as confidence.

People naturally have different levels of confidence. Some have a higher level of confidence than others do, but even those whose confidence is lacking can learn to build their level of confidence and reach their most important goals. Increasing self-confidence is one of the most common reasons people give for seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals.

One of the many places where a greater level of confidence is useful is in the workplace. We all know how difficult it can be, for instance, to ask the boss for a raise. This process can be extremely difficult for those who lack confidence in their own abilities. After all, if you are unsure about your own abilities, how will you ever convince your boss that you deserve more money for the work you do?

Even if you are not asking for that big raise, having plenty of confidence in your abilities is important to success. If you are certain of your abilities, chances are that those around you, whether they are your coworkers, your colleagues or your superiors(上级), will see that confidence, and that will help to assure them that you are the best at what you do.

Being thought of as the person to go to, and being seen as an expert in your chosen field, is naturally very important to success on the job. If you can make yourself the person people go to for guidance and advice, you will help to protect yourself from the ever present danger of downsizing. After all, if you are a recognized expert at the office, you will be regarded as an indispensable member of the team.

Having a high level of confidence, after all, does not mean overlooking the places where you could improve. Knowing what you do well and where you need help will help you enjoy increased success and confidence.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The influence of confidence on one’s life.

B.The importance of confidence to success.

C.The difference of people’s confidence.

D.The judgment on one’s confidence.

2.Psychologists and other professionals can offer help to those _____.

A.who think their goals are hard to reach

B.who expect to give guidance to others

C.who want to ask the boss for a raise

D.who dream to be recognized experts

3.What does the underlined word indispensable in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.important B.attractive C.outgoing D.energetic

4.What message does the author want to convey (传达) in the last paragraph?

A.To overlook one’s disadvantages.

B.To make full use of one’s advantages.

C.To have great confidence in one’s abilities.

D.To make objective(客观的) evaluations of one’s abilities.

假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你想报考的大学。请用英语给他回信，内容包括：

1. 你要报考的大学名称；

2. 报考该大学的原因(至少两条原因);

3. 你目前所做的准备。

注意:1. 词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I am the shared bike. I’d like to be on the street to serve for people. They can ride me just via a mobile app. But horrible things happen a few days ago. Several people stole some of us with paying their bills on the app but treated us badly. They broke my saddle and even threw my friends everywhere. We felt angry for which those bad guys had done. Thanks to some kindly people, we received careful “treatment”. Now, you help as well as the whole society’s attention is what we need most. We are designed to help people who are stuck the heavy traffic. We are neither toy nor private vehicles. Please obey the basic rules.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。

China will do its utmost to strengthen cooperation with the World Health Organization and offer assistance to meet the urgent needs of countries severely hit by the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic.

China has, within its ability, provided test kits to some countries,1.(include) Pakistan and Japan, and shared therapeutic 2.(solve) with many others. The Chinese government will soon provide 3.(urgent) needed medical materials to South Korea as the number of confirmed cases 4.(continue) to rise in the country, 5. has the most infections outside of China.

As of Thursday, more than 13,000 coronavirus cases have been reported outside of China, with South Korea, Italy, Iran and Japan 6.(be) the worst-hit countries.

The epidemic has once again made it clear that nations have shared interests in the age of globalization.7.(face) with the epidemic, all countries should help each other as passengers in 8. same boat, strengthen cooperation and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind. China will not be absent 9.such efforts and is considering donating money to the WHO in 10.(respond) to its appeal to help efforts to fight the virus.

    Recently, David Deutchman, an 82-year-old man, was nicknamed “the ICU Grandpa” at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Hospital. For 12 years or so, he has been _________ babies, children there.

Deutchman said he was coming to the _________ for a recovery after a running injury 12 years ago when he first _________ some of the patients’ mothers. From conversations with them, he _________ that he wanted to make more connection with parents and children being_______ at the hospital. Therefore, he started _________ at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Hospital after he retired from a job in international business marketing.

He _________ babies and sometimes he even gets peed (小便) on, but he is _________ to carry on. “It’s been wonderful because it gives me something to do that has _________ to it. Every day I drive in here, I don’t know which kids and parents I’ll __________ and what the issues will be and how I can help, but I __________ it. You just can’t imagine the kind of________ that I can get from holding a baby and talking with parents”, he said.

In the ICU, there are only two to three new admits every night so the first thing he will do is to __________ the parents who have been admitted the previous night. “Usually they needed a________ after a whole night. And I make sure they can go down for breakfast and I’ll stay with the __________ until they get back,” he said.

MaryBeth Brulette, the mother of baby Logan, has been at the hospital for six weeks. On a recent morning, she returned to the hospital to find Logan in Deutchman’s __________. Seeing this, she said, “All my __________ was gone.”

Elizabeth Mittiga, an ICU nurse at the hospital, said that the staff __________ Deutchman’s calming presence and appreciated Mr. Deutchman’s __________ to his cause. He’s a great help to babies in the ICU care. He’s just a really special person to us, as nurses, and the babies just adore him.

“Right now, I’m still going strong and enjoying it an awful lot,” he said. “So as long as they’ll have me, I’ll be there.” What an outstanding human being! Truly, Mr. Deutchman is the typical example of a __________ man with a sincere desire to make his life worthwhile by helping others.

1.A.tending B.educating C.examining D.curing

2.A.house B.hospital C.apartment D.center

3.A.disturbed B.persuaded C.accepted D.noticed

4.A.imagined B.remembered C.realized D.studied

5.A.treated B.injured C.interviewed D.ignored

6.A.teaching B.instructing C.volunteering D.exhibiting

7.A.holds B.praises C.seeks D.raises

8.A.concerned B.annoyed C.confused D.determined

9.A.training B.meaning C.thinking D.ending

10.A.protect B.greet C.meet D.call

11.A.miss B.fear C.control D.enjoy

12.A.trouble B.reward C.effort D.change

13.A.rescue B.visit C.inform D.count

14.A.break B.message C.lesson D.drive

15.A.doctors B.cleaners C.children D.partners

16.A.arms B.bed C.hands D.room

17.A.relief B.sorrow C.anxiety D.curiosity

18.A.shared B.regretted C.complained D.treasured

19.A.evaluation B.devotion C.application D.explanation

20.A.brave B.creative C.careless D.selfless

E-learning

Courses that are taught through the Internet，or online courses，have become popular in many countries. 1. But most show a video of a teacher and students in a classroom. Students watch the video online and take part in online activities. Some courses are free and open to anyone, giving students anywhere the chance to study at any time.

2. Some schools in Singapore, for example, have tablets and touchscreens instead of books and blackboards in the classrooms. There are also social media platforms to help the students work together on projects, and online “worlds” where the students can interact with each other and the digital environment while completing different tasks.

3. The teachers are in their home countries and are connected to the Korean classrooms through the Internet. Instead of looking at a screen, the students interact with a robot in the classroom. The robot is controlled by the teacher and can move around the classroom and talk with students. It is unlikely that robot teachers will replace real teachers. 4.

These important examples show us that e-learning can be successful. Thanks to technology, more and more ways of teaching and learning are being developed. 5.

However, one thing is for sure-there has never been a more interesting time to be a student.

A.There are different kinds of online courses.

B.Students are more likely to take part in a real class.

C.Other kinds of e-learning are being tested around the world.

D.Nobody knows what the classroom of the future will look like.

E.But like online learning environments, they can be useful tools.

F.In South Korea, some students are taught English by teachers abroad.

G.E-learning will surely replace the real classroom learning in the near future.

    From talking robots and video phones, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.

Why can’t we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses (鼻病毒). There are at least 160 types. They change so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs. In other words, a single cure isn’t likely to work on every type of cold.

However, researchers from Stanford University have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.

To identify the gene which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes one by one for thousands of cells. These modified (改变的) cells were then exposed to a range of rhinoviruses which cause the common cold.

All the viruses were unable to copy inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase (甲基转移酶) SETD3.

Then, they tested genetically modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice were able to live healthy, normal lives without the protein.

“Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from the common cold,”  associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.

“These mice would always die, but they survived and we saw a very strong protection.”

Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can keep back the protein for a limited time, rather than produce genetically modified humans.

“We have identified a fantastic target that all rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance,” said Carette.

1.Why does the author mention talking robots and video phones in the first paragraph?

A.To stress the importance of technology.

B.To encourage readers to share their ideas.

C.To introduce the topic of the text.

D.To recognize the progress of science.

2.What can we learn about the protein needed by the viruses?

A.It helps the viruses copy inside our bodies.

B.It stops the viruses from changing easily.

C.It protects the viruses against drugs.

D.It forces the viruses to spread fast.

3.What does Jan Carette intend to do?

A.To identify a fantastic target.

B.To slow copying speed of some genes.

C.To produce genetically modified humans.

D.To find a drug to temporarily block the protein.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.A New Experiment on Viruses.

B.New Defense Found for Viruses.

C.A Chemical Curing Modified Viruses.

D.Gene-editing Technology to Control Viruses.

    Environmental experts warn that our planet is drowning in plastic.

The world’s cities produce 2 billion tons of trash every year. By the year 2050 that number is expected to rise to 3 billion tons. The World Bank estimates that the largest amount of trash today, about 44 percent, is plastic. But we often have to buy packaged goods. And often that packaging is made of plastic.

Now, that may be changing. A new environmentally-friendly shopping model was recently launched at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. This shopping model, called Loop, aims to replace throwaway containers with reusable ones.

Loop is the idea of Terra Cycle, an American-based recycling company. Its chief, Tom Szaky. told the Associated Press (AP) that “removing plastics from the ocean is not enough.” He said the point is to get away from single-use packages. Szaky said that Loop is the future of shopping. But it comes from an idea of the past.

He compared it to the “milkman model” of the 1950s in the United States. Back then, someone brought milk to your doorstep in glass bottles and then left with empty bottles. These could be cleaned and used again. The result is zero-waste.

Jennifer Morgan from the environmental non-profit organization Greenpeace also joined in the discussion about Loop at Davos. She said that “Greenpeace welcomes the aim of the Loop Alliance to move away from throwaway culture and disposability.” But Morgan questioned whether companies worldwide are ready to change their business models.

Loop is set to launch later this year in three eastern U.S. states, and also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding area. Then Loop plans to expand to the U.S. West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 2020.

1.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?

A.Provide background information. B.Advocate zero-waste lifestyle.

C.Explain the reason for trash. D.Introduce a new topic.

2.Where does the idea “Loop” come from?

A.The World Economic Forum. B.Demand of some companies.

C.Zero-waste model. D.The milkman model.

3.Which countries is Loop expected to expand to by 2020?

A.United States and Switzerland. B.Switzerland and Britain.

C.Canada and Britain. D.France and Canada.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.A new shopping model. B.The development of future city.

C.The world’s environmental issue. D.The concerns of future shopping.

    Every year, millions of people make the same New Year’s resolution(决心): to lose weight. But there’s a problem that requires as much resolution to change as weight: the societal prejudice surrounding weight and obesity.

For decades, researchers have documented negative attitudes toward overweight people - a form of prejudice known as “weight bias (偏见).” People with obesity are commonly viewed as lazy, unintelligent, unattractive, and lacking willpower and self-control. Weight – based discrimination is found in educational, employment and health care settings, yet minimal legal protection exists for those who are targeted. In addition to experiencing weight bias from others, people with obesity tend to accept weight-biased beliefs, leading to lower self-worth.

Some people argue that bitter messages about weight are necessary to motivate those with obesity to take responsibility for their health and lose weight. After all, critics say, it’s their own fault that they are “fat,” and, if they really wanted to, they could control their weight. In this view, promoting body acceptance would only weaken behavior change and encourage obesity.

The problem with this argument is that it flies in the face of hundreds of scientific studies showing the negative health effects associated with experiencing and accepting weight-biased beliefs. The psychological effect of being undervalued due to one’s weight may not seem surprising: increased risk for depression, anxiety, and even self-harming thoughts and attempts in youth.

Also worth noting are the effects of weight bias on weight gain and obesity-related health. Studies show that weight bias is stressful, and when people are under stress, they tend to eat more. Further, when people worry about being judged due to their weight, they avoid fitness and health care setting.

In the coming year, whether or not weight loss is a goal, we can all make efforts to get rid of weight bias and be a little kinder to ourselves and others.

1.What do we know about obese people?

A.They are fond of making resolutions.

B.They are lacking in self-control.

C.They care little about others’ opinions.

D.They tend to undervalue themselves.

2.Why do some people support bitter messages about weight?

A.They can encourage obese people to lose weight.

B.They can improve self-worth in obese people.

C.They can promote body acceptance.

D.They can relieve depression.

3.What does the underlined part “flies in the face of” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.Confirms. B.Copies. C.Splits up. D.Goes against.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A.A healthy diet: good for your mind and body

B.New Year’s resolution: lose weight bias instead of weight

C.Control your weight by accepting the bitter messages readily

D.Eat your own way regardless of others’ thoughts

    If you are a movie fan, here are the latest movies highly recommended by viewers and critics.

The Irishman (2019)    Rate: 8.7/10   14,071

R | 3h 29min | Biography, Crime, Drama | 27 November 2019 (USA)

Legendary director Martin Scorsese spent a long time developing crime epic The Irishman; talk of the director reuniting with his old muse Robert De Niro for the project was happening as far back as 2010.

Director: Martin Scorsese

Writers: Charles Brandt (book), Steven Zaillian (screenplay)

Stars: Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, Joe Pesci | See full cast & crew »

Frozen II (2019)   Rate: 7.3/10    13,162

PG | 1h 43min | Animation, Adventure, Comedy | 22 November 2019 (China)

Anna, Elsa, Kristoff, Olaf and Sven leave Arendelle to travel to an ancient, autumn-bound forest of an enchanted land. They set out to find the origin of Elsa’s powers in order to save their kingdom.

Directors: Chris Buck, Jennifer Lee

Writers: Jennifer Lee (screenplay by), Jennifer Lee (story by) | 4 more credits »

Stars: Kristen Bell, Idina Menzel, Josh Gad | See full cast & crew »

Ford v Ferrari (2019)  Rate: 8.3/10   35,096

PG-13 | 2h 32min | Action, Biography, Drama | 13 November 2019 (France)

American car designer Carroll Shelby and driver Ken Miles battle corporate interference, the laws of physics and their own personal demons to build a revolutionary race car for Ford and challenge Ferrari at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1966.

Director: James Mangold

Writers: Jez Butterworth, John-Henry Butterworth | 1 more credit »

Stars: Matt Damon, Christian Bale, Jon Bernthal | See full cast & crew »

Joker (2019)   Rate: 8.8/10  488,619

R | 2h 2min | Crime, Drama, Thriller | 4 October 2019 (USA)

In Gotham City, mentally troubled comedian Arthur Fleck is disregarded and mistreated by society. He then embarks on a downward spiral of revolution and bloody crime. This path brings him face-to-face with his alter-ego: the Joker.

Director: Todd Phillips

Writers: Todd Phillips, Scott Silver | 3 more credits »

Stars: Joaquin Phoenix, Robert De Niro, Zazie Beetz | See full cast & crew »

1.Which of the movies lasts the shortest time?

A.The Irishman. B.Joker.

C.Frozen II. D.Ford v Ferrari.

2.According to the passage, the Irishman and Joker are similar in that _______.

A.they are both tragedies B.they are both about crime

C.they are produced in the USA D.they are released in the same month

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A.Frozen II has got the highest rating.

B.Arthur Fleck is ill-treated by some revolutionaries.

C.Carroll Shelby and Ken Miles are very determined.

D.Martin Scorsese wrote the stories for the movie himself.

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿，记述你班上周组织主题为“平安校园”法制教育系列活动的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：平安校园：Safe Campus

法律意识： legal awareness

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim对北京的历史文化感兴趣。你校暑假期间将为交换生组织“Knowing Beijing”游览活动，请你写信邀请Jim来参加。内容包括：

1时间安排；

2活动内容；

3邀请参加。

注意：1．词数不少于50；

2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

    The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.

1.But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 2. These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.

Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people – often women and children – spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies. This means they don’t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties. 3.And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.

There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 4.But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.

5.We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.

A.Clean drinking water is fundamental.

B.As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?

C.The search for water becomes their main occupation.

D.This important work needs to continue and to expand.

E.Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.

F.In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.

G.However, there are still at least 2.1 billion people around the world living without safe water.

AI can identify rare genetic disorders

People with genetic syndromes (基因遗传综合症) sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky when there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural(神经的) network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities.

Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the gestalt (形态)– or overall impression of faces and return a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.

They trained the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labeled to correspond to more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photographs of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.

Gurovich and his team also tested the AI’s ability to distinguish between different genetic mutations (突变) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used images of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in one of five genes. DeepGestalt accurately identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time.

“It’s clearly not perfect,” says Gurovich. “But it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.”

As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.

The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions of privacy. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, secretly use such techniques to discriminate against people with a high probability of having certain disorders.

However, Gurovich says the tool will only be available to doctors. Christoffer Nellaker at the University of Oxford says this technique could bring significant benefits for those with genetic syndromes.

“This is not fundamentally different information than we’re sharing walking down the street, or we’re happy to share with Facebook or Google,” he says. “But questioning the data in this way means you can obtain information about health or disease status.

“The real value here is that for some of these extreme rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers,” he says.

For some diseases, this kind of technology will cut down the time to diagnose thoroughly. For others, it could perhaps add a means of finding other people with the disease and, in turn, help find new treatments or cures.

1.What is the purpose of Gurovich’s neural network?

A.To test the AI’s ability.

B.To analyze photographs of faces.

C.To help doctors reduce the range of the diagnosis.

D.To research the overall impression of patients’ faces.

2.What disadvantage does Deep Gestalt bring?

A.It will probably involve in the people’s privacy.

B.It cannot provide information about health or disease.

C.The diagnosis based on a simple photograph is not accurate.

D.It could perhaps add a means of finding other people with the disease.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A.The result of the assessments for this system is perfect.

B.Deep Gestalt can correctly label 200 genetic syndromes.

C.It seems doubtful to use AI to distinguish genetic mutations.

D.This kind of technology can speed up the diagnostic process.

4.What is the author’s attitude to this technique?

A.Supportive. B.Puzzled.

C.Doubtful. D.Negative.

    Why is poverty so difficult to overcome? Why are poorer people less likely to invest in their own learning and ability development, but more likely to be addicted to television and video games?

In the past, a poor person was normally considered to have bad character or have no ambition. Banerjee corrects such views and explains the economics behind the poor. Poor people tend to live with more worries in their lives, he said, so they need tools such as televisions, cell phones, junk food and video games to relieve worries more than others. But investment in learning often takes a long time to get rewards, while the poor are often impatient due to economic reasons, and their life in the meantime is getting more worrisome and boring.

That goes for health. Banerjee and his wife find that the poor spend the same amount of money and time, or even more on health and medical care than the middle class group, but they tend to get bad effects. The reason is that the poor often lack the essential medical and healthy knowledge and they tend to get medical treatment when the disease has worsened to a certain stage. Besides, they tend to trust the doctors who “give strong medicine”because they believe such doctors are the “good” ones. But in fact,“strong medicine”always leads to resistance to drugs and overtreatment. This kind of attitude, which emphasizes treatment rather than early prevention, has brought many poor people more economic stress and physical damage, and even has affected the education of their next generation. According to the study, children in poorer physical condition tend to spend less time in school and have lower incomes after graduation, so poverty gets “inherited”.

When it comes to finance, Banerjee's research has found that the poor often need to borrow little and short-term loans while paying extremely high interest rates. It is also because the poor tend to take higher financial risks ----they often have unstable incomes and are unable to get working capital from banks, so they rely more on these high-interest loans. And these small loans put a brake on their savings against risks.

How could the poor step into the middle class? Maybe starting a business is a way out. But for the extremely poor, it's impossible to get the capital they need to start a business. In most cases, a more practical option is getting a job in government agencies because comparatively speaking, government jobs are very stable, which give the poor the opportunities to be hired for the long term, to increase the range of their thinking and thus enabling families to move from poverty to the middle class.

Banerjee's research provides a new perspective for governments to understand poverty, so that policies can be tailored to decrease poverty and ultimately eliminate(消除) it.

1.How do the poor deal with the issue of health?

A.They spend less money in preventing disease.

B.They focus more on the diseases than early prevention.

C.They usually think it essential to resist strong medicine.

D.They are willing to get free medical treatment from the government.

2.From the underlined sentence, we can learn that_______.

A.poverty is produced by the poor

B.poverty is passed down by their parents

C.poverty has some bad effects on the poor

D.poverty causes people to bear more economic stress

3.Banerjee considers it difficult to overcome poverty because________.

A.the poor have bad character or have no ambition

B.the poor prefer to invest in business rather than work

C.the government hasn’t taken proper and effective measure

D.the poor were troubled by their lives, health and finance

4.What can we learn from the passage?

A.The poor have attached importance to education.

B.The government can’t provide the jobs for the poor.

C.All the poor need to start a business for their survival.

D.Banerjee's research is helpful for the government to rid of poverty.

    Last summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work in Minneapolis. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window.

“Hey!” she shouted. “I’m driving around giving free haircuts. If I go grab my chair, do you want one right now?”

The man looked to be in his 60s. He was balding, and missing a few teeth. As Steller liked to tell the story, he laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I have a funeral to go to this week. I was really hoping to get a haircut.”

Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately. After the work was finished, Edward looked in a mirror. “I look good!” he said.

Until last year, Steller had given such haircuts to people living on the margins(边缘) around the city. She was keenly aware of the power of her cleanup job.

“It’s more than a haircut,” she said. “I want it to be a gateway, to show value and respect, but also to get to know people. I want to build relationships.”

Steller knew that a haircut could change a life. One changed hers: As a teen, she suffered from a severe disease, her hair thinned drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut.

“To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she said.

After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own salon so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing cosmetology school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Her aim was that by doing some kind acts, others would be inspired to spread their own.

“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely people looked,” she said. “I thought maybe I’d go around and ask if people want free haircuts. I can’t fix their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”

It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world matters,” said Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.”

1.How did Steller react to the man’s asking for help?

A.She paid no attention.

B.She offered a free haircut to him.

C.She sent a red chair to him as a present.

D.She told an interesting story to make him happy.

2.What did Steller mean by saying “It’s more than a haircut” in paragraph 6?

A.She thought it was a respectable job.

B.She had found more advantages for the job.

C.She considered haircut as a way to make friends.

D.She hoped her job could make a difference to others.

3.What did Steller expect from Red Chair Project?

A.To earn a lot of money. B.To know more people.

C.To pass down the kindness. D.To make herself stand out.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.A Cut Above. B.A Beautiful Salon.

C.The Good Belief. D.The Miracle of Love.

Three Modern Services

When you're working a full-time job, studying or on the hunt for work, life can feel exhausting. The good news is that modern technology has made life easier in many ways, and with the following services, you'll find you have more time and energy for the things that matter.

Meal kit delivery services

Meal kit delivery services are one of the most underestimated innovations of the 21st century. How they work is simple. At the beginning you choose how many people need to eat in your household. Then, what your dietary requirements are, and any other preferences. Finally, you get to choose which meal kits will be delivered to your door.

No matter your diet, you can have an appropriate meal kit delivered. For example, check out these low carb meal delivery options. The kit comes complete with all the ingredients you need, already prepared. All you have to do is to follow the simple recipe to put them together and pop your meal in the oven.

With meal kit delivery, you don’t have to worry about cooking or spending money on takeout. Your trips to the grocery store will become easier and you'll waste less money and food.

Taskrabbit

One of the most frustrating aspects of having a place you call your own is that you have to take care of the maintenance(维修). Even if you are renting, there are certain tasks that your landlord will expect you to see to, whether a leaky tap or a problematic electrical appliance.

For this, Taskrabbit connects you with freelancers who are willing to take on just about any task for you. You can hire someone to take care of your leaky tap rather than spending your own time and energy doing it. You're giving someone work while enjoying your time off.

Postmates

Finally, one of the most convenient and useful services is, of course, Postmates. With Postmates, you can get just about anything delivered or deliver something yourself. You can get someone to do your groceries for you – simply make a list of what you need and choose whether the shopper should call you if something is out or if they can decide on replacements themselves.

You can also use it for takeout, to send or receive documents, and any other delivery needs you have.

We live in an age of convenience, and we should take advantage of it. Start using the above services and you'll see your stress levels drop.

1.What will people first do to enjoy Meal kit delivery services?

A.To check out some options.

B.To pop your meal in the oven.

C.To confirm the exact number of people.

D.To follow the simple recipe to put them together.

2.What do the three Modern Services have in common?

A.They can help people save money.

B.All the Modern Services are top-level.

C.They can make people easily enjoy their lives.

D.Young people show their preference for the three Modern Services.

3.Where is the passage most likely to be taken from?

A.A magazine. B.A book review.

C.A novel. D.A guidebook.

Never Say Quit

In my twenty-five years of coaching, I encountered many extraordinary athletes. Yet the athlete who made the greatest impression on me wasn't one of those promising young men, but Bobby Colson.

Early in the season, Bobby, who looked heavy but strong, ____ me in the school hallway. He told me he was eager to join in our track team and believed he could make an important ____. I was deeply_____by his presentation and self-confidence.

Given his physique, the logical role for Bobby was that of a "weight man”. So he did his best in trying discus(铁饼), shot pot…, only to find out these events were not ____ for him at all. So Bobby intended to try another more difficult event: two-mile race. I admired Bobby's ____, but to myself, I questioned whether the two-mile race was a good choice. Yet Bobby was ____ and for the following weeks, he painfully but____ struggled through his workouts.

Three months later, the two-mile race was well underway. While all the other runners had already finished, Bobby ____ had three laps to go. As Bobby completed his last two of his ____ laps, several boys from the other teams started making fun of him and ____ at him to get off the track. Bobby was crying noticeably but kept going. At this moment, our team members noticed and went to ____ Bobby on. On the last lap, all our athletes stood up to cheer Bobby on. Imagine a moving sight: Our whole team lined up ____ the track, clapping and cheering for Bobby as tears ____down his face.

After that, Bobby put in effort to support his teammates. He went from event to event ____ his teammates. When one of our athletes took a first place, Bobby was even more excited than the winner. Every teammate ____him very much and felt lucky to have him in the team.

Bobby had been right when he told me he felt he could make a significant contribution. He had joined a good team and made it into a great ____.Since then, I've seen many top athletes ____ the track when they knew they weren't going to win a race. Bobby, on the contrary, never once ____ leaving that two-mile race. Once he___, quitting was not an option. His example helped us all to understand that talent is God given, and those who have it should be thankful, but the spirit of ____ is self-given, and we should value it.

1.A.waved B.informed C.limited D.stopped

2.A.appearance B.promise C.contribution D.influence

3.A.impressed B.frightened C.puzzled D.embarrassed

4.A.satisfactory B.challenging C.suitable D.attractive

5.A.enthusiasm B.generosity C.achievement D.cooperation

6.A.worried B.confused C.determined D.hesitated

7.A.cautiously B.proudly C.secretly D.diligently

8.A.still B.already C.ever D.rather

9.A.spare B.remaining C.extra D.additional

10.A.crying B.throwing C.shouting D.criticizing

11.A.pull B.assist C.drive D.urge

12.A.over B.around C.with D.beyond

13.A.rolled B.paved C.covered D.measured

14.A.convincing B.appreciating C.competing D.encouraging

15.A.envied B.loved C.respected D.believed

16.A.family B.organization C.institution D.system

17.A.check out B.give off C.walk off D.carry out

18.A.supposed B.considered C.imagined D.concerned

19.A.proved B.realized C.discovered D.started

20.A.bravery B.unity C.perseverance D.devotion

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The “Twenty-four Solar terms” is the Chinese 1.(tradition)way of dividing and marking time. It shows the relationship between the universe, seasons, climate and agriculture, which is uniquely created 2.Chinese ancestors. The Twenty-four Solar Terms are important instructions for the agricultural production as well as people's daily lives. At the initial stage of agricultural development, people began to explore rules of nature and used 3.(they)to guide sowing, harvesting and other agricultural activities. Until now, it 4.(become) an essential tool to guide the agricultural production in China. And its charm and value have been increasingly recognized by the public.

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The railway line 1.(connect) Beijing and Zhangjiakou, the co-host city of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, is the world's first intelligent, high-speed railway. It 2.(go)into operation on Dec 30, 2019. The railway is 174 km long, with a maximum design speed of 350 kph. It reduces the travel time between Beijing and Zhangjiakou from over three hours to 47 minutes. The train is designed with an area to store snowboards, a device to secure wheelchairs and a mobile news center 3. passengers can watch live Olympic broadcasts.

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

This year, the World Cup has been played across different 1.(city), and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight. When the team struggled, Captain Zhu Ting was always there, doing whatever was needed 2.(carry) the team forward. That’s why she has become a national volleyball icon(偶像), just like “Iron Hammer” Lang. Never giving up, especially in a difficult situation, that’s 3. the spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball means.

请阅读下面短文， 并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

You may not have noticed it , but every time you are very hungry, you tend to get angry much more easily and for no reason. You are getting “hungry”, which is “the phenomenon whereby some people get short-tempered when they’re longing for a feed”, CNN noted.

According to Health, the lower blood sugar stops the brain from working properly. As a result, we may feel ineffective and angry.

What we eat will provide the nutrients for our bloodstream. Then they are given to our organs and tissues and used for energy.

But if we are hungry, the nutrients will drop rapidly. And if they drop enough, our brain will think that it is in a life-threatening situation and cannot focus on its job. So you will find it’s hard to work or study efficiently and keep a peaceful mind.

Scientists advise to “carry healthy snacks with you---like fruit, and yogurt---so that when you are hungry, they will hold you over until the next meal.”

（写作内容）

1、用30个单词概括上述短文内容。

2、用120个左右单词来发表你的观点，内容包括：

谈谈你如何看待吃零食的现象，并用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。

（写作要求）

1、写作过程中不可直接引用原文语句；

2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3、不必写标题。

（评分标准）

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

For decades, sociologists have been trying to understand why certain people rise to the top of their fields. A number of theories have emerged, so if you're struggling on the path of success, perhaps these will give you some new clues.

IQ is Overrated

A high IQ is necessary, but it is not adequate to predict executive competence and corporate success. While people with high test scores do have more opportunities, that doesn't mean that smart people are more successful. In fact, in many fields the link between success and intelligence is often weak or non-existent. Nobel Prize winning Israeli-American psychologist, Daniel Kahneman, found that people would rather do business with a person they like and trust rather than someone they don’t, even if the likeable person is offering a lower quality product or service at a higher price.

The 10,000 Hours Theory

A Professor at the University of Colorado named Anders Ericsson decided to look at the differences between amateurs and professionals. In 1993, he released a paper that found on average amateurs only got about 4000 hours of practice, but professionals had practiced for at least 10,000 hours. While there's some debate over whether 10,000 hours is a rule or just a theory, many experts agree that a significant number of people who are considered "great" have, on average, 10,000 hours of experience.

Deliberate Practice

If no one is born talented and you need 10,000 hours of practice, what's the most effective way of using those hours? One theory is something sociologists call "deliberate practice." Essentially, there are six elements. The practice needs to be meant to specifically improve performance, and is even more effective if there's coaching. It needs to be repeatable, and feedback regularly is crucial. It also has to be demanding, either physically or mentally. If you're doing all of this correctly, it shouldn't be a fun experience. An example would be a basketball player who isn't very good at free throws spending hours and hours just doing free throws while being coached. Not a great time no matter how big of a basketball fan you are.

No One Succeeds on Their Own

While it would be nice to succeed simply because we work hard, life doesn't work that way. We need help and support from friends, family and teachers, and then we need chances from employers and other key figures in the fields we choose to pursue. In order to succeed, the gifts and interests of a person need to be encouraged, especially at a young age. Then as they grow up, people need to be given opportunities, breaks and second chances. Without help from other people, it makes it impossible to succeed because as Gladwell points out, "… no one—not rock stars, not professional athletes, not software billionaires, and not even geniuses — ever makes it alone."

You Have Amazing Potential

On average, the human mind can remember a sequence of seven to nine numbers. After that it becomes incredibly hard to remember all the numbers in the right order. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University wanted to know if someone of average intelligence could break that barrier with practice. Through a lot of tests, researchers discovered what they called "the remarkable potential of 'ordinary' adults and their amazing capacity for change with practice." Their research showed that even "ordinary" people have the potential to be great by challenging themselves. If you work hard, your goals can be more attainable than you thought.

    When I opened my closet door this morning, I saw a sign that says, “Good morning, beautiful business.” It’s a reminder to me of just how beautiful business can be when we put all our creativity, energy, and care into producing one product or service in exchange for another. Economic exchange can be one of the most meaningful and beautiful interactions among human beings.

Over the past years since I started the White Dog Café, my business has not only provided me with a way of making a living and a way of serving others but also been my teacher. In reading Small Is Beautiful I realized that so much of what my business has taught me can be found in the great lessons of E.F. Schumacher: it is of great benefit to keep your business focusing on the needs of workers rather than only on what they produce; you’d better use a management style that balances freedom and order; you should build sustainable local economies and respect the land and nature. The effects of industrialization that worried Schumacher decades ago have gotten even worse: namely, wealth inequality and the growing degradation (退化) of our environment.

Today much of what I care about ---nature, animals, communities, family farms, family businesses, native cultures, the character of our towns and cities, even  our children’s future---is being threatened by corporate globalization. To protect all that I care deeply about, I need to step out of my own company, out of the White Dog Café. I started my journey with the simple idea that a sustainable global economy must be compromised of sustainable local economies. Rather than a global economy controlled by large international corporations, our movement advocates a global economy with a network of local economies made up of small independent businesses that create community wealth while working in harmony with natural system.

I opened the White Dog Café in 1983 on the first floor of my house in a neighborhood of Philadelphia. It is the house I have lived in since I was a child. Today much of the food I serve at the White Dog Café comes from the same land where my ancestors once farmed. When I opened the café years ago, it was a simple coffee and cake take-away shop serving students who lived nearby. Over the years we have expanded our menu and grown to occupy five buildings. We now employ more 100 people, can seat more than two hundred customers, and earn over $5 million a year! I owe our success to making decisions not for the purpose of maximizing profits but instead maximizing the relationships with our customers and staff, with our community, with our suppliers and with our natural environment.

Now I still live above the shop. I still have the old-fashioned way of doing business---the way it was in the old days with the family farm, the family inn, and the corner store. Living and working in the same community has given me a stronger sense of place and a different business outlook. When I make a business decision, it comes naturally for my decision to be made in the common interest of all involved because every day I see the people affected by my decision---my neighbours, my customers, and my employees as well as the natural world. There is a short distance between the business decision-maker and those affected by the decision. I believe that when we are surrounded by those affected by our decisions, we are more likely to make a decision from the heart as opposed to the head.

Business schools teach “grow or die”. But I make a conscious decision to continue to be a small business because I know that when we grow in physical size, we give up something very important ---authentic relationships with the people around us and those we do business with. I have come to realize that we can measure our success by measuring how much we improve our knowledge, deepen our relationships, achieve happiness, and have more fun.

1.What do we know about the sign on the author’s closet door?

A.It has been her family motto for years.

B.It serves as an inspiration to her.

C.It comes from one of her favourite book.

D.It helps her forget difficulties in business.

2.What is one drawback of corporate globalization according to the author?

A.The high cost. B.Small profits.

C.Poor management. D.Damage to the environment.

3.What did the author do when facing the threat of corporate globalization?

A.She worked together with other independent businesses.

B.She fought against the global economy in her community.

C.She expanded her own business at home and abroad.

D.She learned from large international corporations.

4.What is the secret behind the success of the White Dog Café?

A.It always has regular customers.

B.It has been run as a family business.

C.It gets along well with the people involved.

D.It makes big profits by developing fast.

5.Why does the author choose to live and work in the same community?

A.She wants to stay close to her family.

B.She can learn about others’ opinions easily.

C.Food in her café can be served immediately.

D.Neighbors can be her customers or employees.

6.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?

A.We usually learn how to do business in business school.

B.Business schools focus on the basic principles of business.

C.We tend to measure success in business by constant growth.

D.Business schools teach when to expand or leave the business.

    Climate emergencies are a bit like buses. You wait an age for one and then three come along at once. Parliaments in the UK and Ireland passed motions declaring a climate emergency in May. Last Monday, Canada followed suit.

It isn’t just parliament sounding the alarm. “This is a climate emergency,” said U.N. climate chief Patricia Espinosa for the first time last Tuesday. Hours earlier, James Bevan of England’s Environment Agency and Vince Cable, the leader of the U.K.’s Liberal Democrats, also used the phrase.

They join a cast of high-profile public figures already on the bus, from UK opposition leader Jeremy Corbyn to UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres. But how did the language of climate change campaigners jump to the lips of the establishment, and should we welcome its seemingly unstoppable adoption?

Does this language make a difference? A day after Canada’s climate emergency motion, it approved a £4.4 billion oil pipeline. Bristol City Council in the UK also declared a climate emergency, yet the city’s mayor subsequently backed expansion of the local airport. Nothing changed on UK streets after parliament declared a climate emergency, notes former Labour Party leader Ed MIliband. “This silent response to an alarm that we ourselves have sounded symbolizes the challenge we face,” he wrote. _______?_______

Mike Hulme at the University of Cambridge argues against the phrase because it implies “time-limited radical(激进的)” action could end the emergency, when climate change is actually a “new condition of human existence.” Some, HUlme included, also fear the language may cause counterproductive responses.

Bur Roz Pidcock of communication organization Climate Outreach says a climate emergency “suggests a response that is very radical in scale and ambition, but not incautious or knee-jerk(本能的),” and certainly not a license for extreme measure like geoengineering the climate.

Despite the risk of phrase being devalued, Rebecca Willis at Lancaster University in the U.K. tells me it is still useful ---and that’s because it is true. As Spratt says, “You cannot solve a problem unless you name it for exactly what it is.” Getting politicians to adopt the language will also be crucial to holding them to tough policy decisions later, says Doug Parr of Greenpeace.

The phrase’s widespread adoption isn’t a problem. The lack of action equivalent to such language is. And that action is going to include a lot of silently gliding electric buses.

1.Which of the following sentences may best end Paragraph 4?

A.We should strive to stimulate people’s initiative.

B.The use of “climate emergency” highlights the challenge.

C.Such a mismatch risks making the term meaningless.

D.There are many people against the use of the phrase.

2.It can be inferred from the passage that Mike Hulme thinks that ______.

A.climate change call for deliberate consideration before action is taken

B.immediate action should be taken to put climate emergency to an end

C.the phrase “climate emergency” may lead to the opposite consequences

D.people all over the world have been accustomed to climate change

3.Which of the following arguments can be used in favour of the phrase “climate emergency”?.

A.Extreme measures will be taken to address the issue of climate change

B.The use of the phrase may contribute to substantial policymaking.

C.The phrase will make no sense unless practical solutions are found.

D.Less attention is paid to the phrase though it reflects a true story.

4.What is the author’s attitude towards the phrase “climate emergency”?

A.Negative B.Optimistic

C.Indifferent D.Objective

    It is not unusual for universities to create a range of new courses each semester. A recently-launched course at Fudan University has become a hit both on and off campus.

Just how popular is it? In the first round of course selection, more than 1,000 students chose the course, Breaking Myths (似是而非). Only 258 were lucky enough to get seats in the classroom.

The course, titled with a Chinese phrase meaning “apparently right, but actually wrong”, aims to discuss the differences between science and pseudoscience (伪科学) in different subject areas.

Pseudoscience includes beliefs, theories or practices that are considered scientific but which actually have no supporting data.

Scientists around the world worry about its influence on people. To help young people tell the two apart, Fudan University launched the new course. It brings together 12 professors from fields including literature, science and medicine, with a total of 17 subjects to be discussed.

These topics include the probable risks of vaccination; whether genes are our destiny (宿命); and whether mobile phone radiation is harmful. The aim of the course, according to the university, is to remove prejudices and provide new ways of thinking.

Speaking to China Youth Daily, Fudan University undergraduate Jiang Xinyi said, “In the era of prevalent (盛行的) fake news, both my classmates and I hope to enhance our judgment through this course.

Lou Hongwei, one of the course lecturers, said, pseudoscience attempts to claim the credibility of real sciences without the research findings to support its claims. He explained one such math fallacy (谬误): “Should people prefer community health centers to a comprehensive Grade A hospital if data shows a lower death rate at the former?” Some people do. But according to Lou, hospitals deal with more deadly conditions, so more deaths can be expected there.

Such logical fallacies are widespread, hard to resist but actually unreasonable, he concluded.

Fudan is not the first university to offer such a course. Many other universities around the world also teach skepticism of pseudoscience. As part of its philosophy (哲学) degree, the University of St Andrews, in Scotland, offers a course called “Scientific Thinking”. In the United States, the University of Nebraska Omaha offers a Science and Critical Thinking course as part of its natural science degree.

Like Fudan University, they examine popular pseudoscientific subjects including ghosts, psychics (通灵) and space aliens. They also focus on distinctions between science and non-science, errors in reasoning and critical thinking.

1.Why did Fudan University offer students the new course?

A.To get more students interested in science.

B.To help students develop scientific thinking.

C.To broaden students’ science knowledge.

D.To promote more teacher-student interaction.

2.Why did the author quote Lou Hongwei’s words in Paragraph 8?

A.To show the best way to identify fallacies.

B.To describe the features of the new course.

C.To show how pseudoscience can be hard to distinguish.

D.To explain the differences between science and pseudoscience.

3.What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?

A.Many universities offer similar courses to Fudan’s new one.

B.Scepticism of pseudoscience has become the recent focus of attention.

C.Popular pseudoscientific topics were specially chosen for philosophy majors.

D.The ability of reasoning is highly valued in various courses.

Wanna soften the blow of a hangover?

A hangover refers to the headache and sick feeling that you have the day after drinking too much alcohol. If you are looking for something to nurse your hangover, you will find the following right ideas.

1. ASIAN PEAR JUICE

Have some extra Asian pears at home? Run them through your juicer before your next night out. According to researchers at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, just 7.4 ounces of Asian pear juice is enough to soften the blow of a hangover. The scientists say that the juice interacts with enzymes that break down alcohol, speeding up your metabolism and leaving less surplus alcohol for your body to absorb. There’s just one catch: The juice must be consumed before you drink anything else in order to be effective.

2. MUSIC

Anyone who’s ever suffered through a massive hangover knows that sound is the enemy. But while your roommate’s 9 a.m. tap dancing practice might exacerbate (加剧) your symptoms, music may have the opposite effect. Research has shown that listening to music can provide relief to migraines, which are similar to hangover headaches. As long as the music is pleasant and suits your taste, it should help to drown out the chorus of pain laying in your mind. Head sensitivity isn’t the only symptom music helps with. According to researchers at the University of Edinburgh, listening to your favorite music also eases pain.

3. EGGS

The best way to tackle a hangover with food is to eat while you drink. Chowing down after the damage has already been done may distract you from your turmoil for a short while, but it won’t soothe your physical symptoms. There are a few exceptions: Eggs, for example, have hangover-fighting potential thanks to a special ingredient. The food is packed with cysteine, an amino acid that breaks down the drinking byproduct acetaldehyde (乙醛). So whether you prefer to enjoy brunch out or at home, make sure your meal includes eggs in some form.

1.According to the passage, the author may agree with the following EXCEPT______.

A.Asian pear juice can help soften the blow of a hangover if you drink it before anything else.

B.Your roommate can make you suffer less from a hangover by practising tap dancing at 9.

C.Eggs are said to contain a special ingredient that may soothe the symptoms of a hangover.

D.Enjoying your favorite piece of music is an efficient way to fight the pain of a hangover.

2.The passage is most probably taken from ______.

A.a textbook B.a science fiction

C.a health magazine D.an advertisement