It might be hard at first glance to see what things like toothbrushes, tires, cigarettes, and shoes have in common. But look closer and you’ll find that, like so many objects in our daily lives, they’re often made to a greater or lesser degree of the magic stuff (东西): plastic.

That stuff is now a planetary problem. Sometimes, because the plastic is mixed with other materials — including other plastics, such as in shoes — it’s difficult or impossible to recycle. In many places, recycling or burying in a landfill isn’t an option, not to mention all the waste that ends up in rivers and oceans. And so, more often than not, after a short useful life, plastic objects enter what’s likely to be a centuries-long afterlife as rubbish.

They’re thrown into rivers and washed into the sea. They break down into tiny bits called micro plastics. Sea animals big and small eat those pieces. Some pieces get mixed in with sea salt and we wind up eating them, with uncertain effects. We breathe in even smaller pieces called nano plastics: Scientists recently discovered them on remote mountaintops and even in the Arctic, where they are carried by winds and mixed with rain and snow.

The magic stuff has now become the stuff of nightmares.

Increasingly the challenge is to have the former without the latter. “Reduce, reuse, and recycle” has been the environmentalists’ answer for half a century. Businesses that sell plastic products or packaging, however, have little motivation to encourage reducing or reusing, and recycling — once thought a cure-all — can be complex and expensive. But with plastic pollution now a global problem, the stakes (风险) are raised, and so is public awareness.

Plastic waste has started to worry us. Business owners are creating new options for avoiding it. The point is not to demonize（妖魔化）things that were invented for good reason and with good intentions; the point is to find a way to have our plastic and not eat it too.

1.Which of the following can best describe plastic in our life according to Paragraph 1?

A.Old-fashioned B.Widely-used

C.Harmful D.Useless

2.What can we infer about the solution to plastic pollution in the last 50 years?

A.It hasn’t worked properly.

B.It has been totally ignored.

C.It hasn’t gained support from the public.

D.It has encouraged the businesses to recycle.

3.Which of the following will the author agree with to solve plastic problem?

A.A ban on plastic production.

B.A law punishing plastic littering.

C.An alternative material replacing plastic.

D.A new method of using without pollution.

4.Where is the text most likely from?

A.A magazine. B.A guidebook.

C.A novel. D.A diary.

    Dyslexia is a problem that interferes (干扰) with the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves (涉及)areas of the brain that process language.

Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading, in order to provide early help. John Gabrieli is leading a study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools. He says, “We partner with schools that have kindergartens. What we do is, for all the children whose parents permit them to participate, we give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read.

So far, fifty of the kindergartners have been examined in a machine that shows brain activity. The scanner uses a high-energy magnetic (有磁性的) field and radio waves to “look” inside the body. Written tests which are often used in previous studies are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says, “Brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.

And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. Reading is everything. Even math and science require one to read textbooks.

1.What do we know about Dyslexia?

A.It results in poor eyesight.

B.It is related to brain activity.

C.It only causes reading difficulty.

D.It has an influence on intelligence.

2.What does the underlined word “interventions” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Approaches. B.Researches.

C.Instructions. D.Treatments.

3.How is Professor Gabrieli’s study different from early ones?

A.It is scientifically based.

B.It focuses on written tests.

C.It examines children’s brains.

D.It needs parents’ participation.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Dyslexia – a Learning Disorder Involving Intelligence

B.Dyslexia – a Problem Relating to Kindergartners

C.A Way Identifying Dyslexia at an Early Stage

D.A Machine Showing Brain Development

    Ursula is a young bear who has lost her mother and becomes a teacher for a young boy called Teddy. Ursula is a very intelligent and kind bear. She must deal with an envious, bad-tempered nurse who has been with Teddy since his birth. She must deal with the loneliness she feels about being away from home. She must face her fears of the dark，and must prove she is a competent caregiver even though she is often put in nearly impossible situations through no fault of her own. Through all her trials and sufferings, Ursula shows her positive qualities and manages to tell us what really happened when Goldilocks came to Vaughn’s house.

The Cottage in the Woods is a story of love, hope, prejudice, envy and faith, and author Katherine Coville writes with amusing humor and a healthy dose (剂量) of truth. There are enough twists and turns to satisfy just about anyone, and the book features (以…为主要内容) fun characters from many well-known children’s fairy tales and nursery rhymes, including Old Mother Hubbard, and Edgar Pig. Every once in a while, you read a book that leaves a lasting impression on you; this is one such book.

1.What can we know about Ursula from the first paragraph?

A.She fears darkness.

B.She never feels lonely.

C.She often messes things up.

D.She lives with a nurse since her birth.

2.What does the author think of Ursula?

A.Pitiful. B.Lovely.

C.Brave. D.Aggressive.

3.The language of the book is ______.

A.plain and dull B.sharp and critical

C.childish and simple D.humorous and factual

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.Ursula was in troubles and managed to solve them.

B.The Cottage in the Woods is a good story worth reading.

C.The character in the Cottage in the Woods becomes popular.

D.Ursula, a poor bear, is leading a tough life in a small cottage.

Best Walking Tours in NYC

Manhattan to Brooklyn NYC Walking Tour

Start in front of the Tweed Courthouse in Manhattan before making the journey across the well-known Brooklyn Bridge, catching views of landmarks like the Empire State Building and Statue of Liberty along the way. Once on the other side, you’ll explore the neighborhood known as Dumbo.

The Superhero Walking Tour of NYC

Whether you’re a fan of Batman, Spiderman or the Fantastic Four, discover the inspiration behind those comics with stops at the Empire State Building, a popular location in countless superhero adventures; the Flatiron Building, which served as Peter Parker’s workplace the Daily Bugle; and the Chrysler Building, where Spider-man would frequent to look out for the bad guys. Small Group Photography Walking Tour of NYC

During this group tour, a professional photography instructor will take you to a unique destination of your choosing — options include Central Park, the Brooklyn Bridge and Times Square at night — and provide hands-on instructions on how to best capture lasting memories of your trip.

Chinatown Food Tour and Historic Downtown Walking Tour

It’s a tour of exploration of New York’s diverse culture. Start in Chinatown, which is home to plenty of Chinese restaurants, as well as Vietnamese, Thai and Malaysian restaurants. From there, head down towards the Financial District, where your tour guide will walk the group through New York’s Dutch historic sites, all the way back to the days when Wall Street was an actual wall.

1.Which tour will you take if you are a fan of Spider-man?

A.Manhattan to Brooklyn NYC Walking Tour.

B.The Superhero Walking Tour of New York.

C.Small Group Photography Walking Tour of NYC.

D.Chinatown Food Tour and Historic Downtown Walking Tour.

2.Which of the following does Small Group Photography Walking Tour provide?

A.Comic books.

B.Shooting skills.

C.Delicate souvenirs.

D.Language training.

3.What will you do on Chinatown Food Tour and Historic Downtown Walking Tour?

A.Watch Chinese films.

B.Take a financial course.

C.Experience Dutch culture.

D.Enjoy traditional American food.

假定你是学生会主席李华，你校的交换生Peter已学习中国象棋长达一年，特发邮件向你询问将由学生会举办的中国象棋大赛的情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1.举办比赛的目的；

2.比赛的时间和地点；

3.建议他报名参加并说明理由。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已为你写好。

参考词汇：中国象棋大赛Chinese Chess Contest

Dear Peter,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每向中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

About eighth years ago, I went to visit my grandfather during the summer holiday, who lived in a small village. One Saturday afternoon, my grandfather asked me climb a nearby mountain with him. At first, I ran fast, leaving my grandfather behind. However, about twenty minute later, I felt so tired that I stopped run and eventually chose to sit down for a rest. Soon, my grandfather reached when I was. He looked for me and asked, “Have I noticed the beautiful flowers along the way?" I kept silently. My grandfather smiled, "My dear, you are not in a race and on a journey.” After that, my grandfather and I had walked slowly, appreciating the scenery and laughing along the way.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Palace Museum, also known as the Forbidden City, is a much-visited and much-photographed tourist1.(attract). This Chinese palace with a history of about 600 years receives millions of visits every year and lots of TV programs have showed the place in recent years.

However, it still2.(have) secrets, and a new program3.(design) to explore those unknown areas and the stories within is set to show the palace in a new light. The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast its first episode (一集) on Beijing TV and online streaming media site, iQyi.com, on November 9. That first episode won wide acceptance from audiences and4.(think) highly of on Douban.com. "It brings many elements (元素) together, and everything in the show is5.(perfect) matched and turns out amazing," said6.online user. "It brings me the thrill I felt when I stepped into the Palace Museum for the first time."

In each one-hour-long episode, the actors and actresses switch between playing guides and historical figures7.emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). They focus on areas8.are still not accessible to the public and the stories9.(surround) them. In the show, the actors and actresses are also joined by designers who will create10.(product) based on what they see. The most popular ones, based on an online vote, are to be turned into souvenirs for sale.

    Jeremy Locke, 25, has his own roofing company in Bridgeport, Nova Scotia. For a couple of years before he began his_________, he would drive past the home of Jeanette MacDonald, noticing the_________state of her roof. He was_________—not just for the elderly woman but also for the children living with her. So Locke_________to lend a helping hand.

The young man knocked on MacDonald's door and_________to fix her roof for nothing, "I didn't know who the woman was, but I wanted to_________this for her and her grandchildren," he explained to The Chronicle Herald. However, despite his kind_________, the woman politely turned him down.

MacDonald and her_________left an impression on Locke. He saw_________between the woman and his own grandmother, and couldn't bear to see her in this__________. He had also grown up without much and felt that he should use his skills to__________.

A year after Locke set up his own roofing company, seeing that the roof was__________in a state of disrepair, Locke returned to MacDonald's home and asked MacDonald if she wanted to enter a raffle (抽奖) his company was doing for a__________roof. The 70-year-old woman__________the chance, but little did she know that there was no__________.

MacDonald's relief__________Locke's kindness is immeasurable, "I could win $1 million but it wouldn't make me as__________as knowing I'm getting a new roof on. Jeremy is__________something. He's a guardian angel (守护天使) sent from God."

The__________should cost about $ 9,000 in terms of materials and manpower. However, the only thing Locke wants in return is a home-cooked meal for his staff from the woman who__________him of his grandmother.

1.A.journey B.business C.research D.life

2.A.average B.unexpected C.special D.terrible

3.A.frightened B.embarrassed C.concerned D.disappointed

4.A.decided B.appeared C.agreed D.happened

5.A.declined B.offered C.managed D.pretended

6.A.catch up with B.take care of C.get rid of D.put up with

7.A.application B.reaction C.theory D.intention

8.A.hesitation B.shame C.regret D.difficulty

9.A.symbols B.conditions C.similarities D.beliefs

10.A.situation B.occupation C.incident D.direction

11.A.respond B.give C.help D.develop

12.A.still B.even C.already D.just

13.A.temporary B.delicate C.random D.free

14.A.went over B.jumped at C.laughed off D.looked into

15.A.competition B.cheating C.dilemma D.chance

16.A.comparing B.withdrawing C.following D.contradicting

17.A.strong B.lucky C.happy D.rich

18.A.partly B.possibly C.generally D.really

19.A.room B.job C.meal D.decoration

20.A.reminds B.warns C.convinces D.informs

    It can be difficult to start a hobby. You may not know where to begin or you may have come across one that requires costly equipment.1.To find a low-cost hobby, pick something that is interesting to you, doesn't require a lot of materials, and is available to you in your area.

Begin a collection. Many different collections can be started with little or no cost.2.Look for rocks, plant leaves and flowers, or insects you can preserve and keep. Another way is to begin to collect an object in your house, such as saving bottle-caps.

3.Youtube contains quantities of music you can listen to for free. Besides, you can discover music you like by using online radio stations or services including Pandora and Spotify. By exposing yourself to new music, you can turn music into a relaxing hobby without having to buy albums.

Learn a game. Games are similar to sports and often benefit from being shared in the community (团体). Game groups will often supply board games at no cost to you. In addition, libraries and schools may have video game groups for children and adults. You can also play a wide variety of free online games with people around you.4.

If these things fail to attract you, ask experts about how to begin. Find hobbyists and ask those who are experienced in your potential hobby for the minimum cost of materials you need to start.5.You'll be surprised that you don't need as much equipment as you imagined.

A.Listen to music.

B.One way to do this is to go outside.

C.Ask yourself what your favorite music is.

D.How and where to find one collection is up to you.

E.Use the site meetup.com to see what groups are in your area.

F.The truth is that many hobbies can be started without much money.

G.This will help you judge whether or not a hobby fits into your budget.

    A new device (设备) works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun to produce electricity. Instead, it uses energy from the cold night sky.

In the center of this device is a thermoelectric generator (热电发电机), which uses the temperature difference between Earth and outer space to create electricity.

As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed under a transparent cover and surrounded with materials that keep heat out. It stays cooler than the surrounding air by getting rid of any heat it absorbs as infrared (红外线的) radiation. That radiation can zip up through the transparent cover and on toward outer space.

The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate, which is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get several degrees centigrade cooler than the bottom of the generator.

Researchers tested the device one clear December night in Stanford, Calif. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device. That was just enough power to light a small electric lamp. Further improvements might develop its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.

"It's a very clever idea," says Yuan Yang, a materials scientist who works at Columbia University in New York City. "The device still needs improving," he notes. "But this new device may be useful for backup power," Yang says. "It might also provide a bit of energy to people living in areas that lack electricity."

"The device could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices," says Aaswath Raman, a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. What's more, this may be useful in areas that don't see sunlight for months at a time, Raman adds.

1.How is the device designed?

A.It includes two aluminum plates with different functions.

B.It is equipped with a heat resistant generator in the center.

C.Its two aluminum plates are exposed to air to keep heat out.

D.Its generator is sealed by a transparent cover to remain cool.

2.What is the limitation with the tested device?

A.It won't be expanded to be much larger.

B.It fails to produce electricity fast enough.

C.It is unable to power small electric lamps.

D.It produces a limited amount of electricity.

3.In paragraph 6, Yuan Yang mainly intends to         .

A.evaluate the device on a positive basis

B.point out the problems with the device

C.explain the research work for the device

D.comment on Aaswath Raman's prediction

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Lamps Are Powered by the Energy From the Cold Night Sky

B.A Generator Producing Electricity Has Been Applied in Many Areas

C.Scientists Have Made a Breakthrough in Harvesting Green Energy

D.A Device Uses Energy From the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity

    Ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions, according to new research.

For their experiment, researchers from the University of Toulouse and the University of Arizona focused on Argentine ants, which are only 2-3 millimeters long and frequently move from colony (栖息地) to colony depending on how far food is. Tapping into the ants' talent for fast commutes (通勤), the researchers constructed bridges between their colonies. The bridges varied in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch.

Then the researchers sat back and monitored the traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges were nearly overloaded, there were no 20-ant pile-ups. And traffic remained steady regardless of how crowed the bridges were because ants could adjust to the flow of road conditions.

"When crowding on the path increased, ants assessed it locally and adjusted their speed accordingly to avoid any interruption of traffic flow," the researchers said. "Moreover, ants avoided entering a crowded path and made sure the bridge was never overloaded."

The lesson for humans? The traffic problem mostly lies in our loss of the quality that the ants have. You've probably noticed it on your own commute to work. Driving is fun when there're few cars on the road-a lane-change (车道变换)here, a little acceleration there. Then traffic slows down. But some impatient drivers still constantly move between lanes.

"Traffic jams are common in human society where some people are focusing on their own personal objectives," the researchers said. "In contrast, ants share a common goal: the survival of the colony, thus they're expected to act cooperatively to get food."

The research also suggests that the ever-widening of highways may never free us from traffic jams. As long as we drive along with our own agendas, no matter how many other people are on the road, we'll always end up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may be a good thing. It leaves less room for personal choices and forces us to take a page from the driving handbook of ants.

1.What did the researchers do to the ants in the experiment?

A.They fed them with much delicious food.

B.They trained them to avoid heavy traffic.

C.They built bridges linking their colonies.

D.They improved their colonies constantly.

2.How did the ants behave during the experiment?

A.They worked together to remove the road blocks.

B.They sped up to get out of the traffic jam quickly. .

C.They made their way carefully in the given direction.

D.They adjusted themselves for the flow of the traffic.

3.What is the biggest cause of the traffic jam in human society?

A.Poor road const ruction. B.People's inability to adjust.

C.People's selfish driving. D.Too many vehicles on roads.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.What ants help us do for driving safety.

B.What ants can teach us about traffic jams.

C.Why ants drive much better than humans.

D.Why ants are best at handling traffic jams.

    Deciding to get her money's worth out of the wedding dress on which she spent over $1,000, an Australian woman has been wearing her wedding dress, a year after her wedding.

43-year-old Tammy Hall adopted a new lifestyle-anti-consumerism (反消费主义) lifestyle in 2016, after a trip to India opened her eyes to how much we as a society consumed. She decided not to buy any new clothes or footwear for a whole year after she returned home to Adelaide, in Southern Australia, and she managed to make it.

But last year, as her wedding day approached, she faced a dilemma. She wanted to look good on the most important day of her life, but how could she spend a small fortune on the wedding dress she would only wear on that day?

"In the end I decided that if I was going to get a wedding dress, I'd make sure I could get my money's worth," Hall tells PA Real Life.

"The first time I wore it after the wedding was to vote in the Australian election in early 2019," the 43-year-old adds. "Since then, it's been to all sorts of places. Wearing it on a crowded train was especially funny, but I've worn it to do housework, to football games and to the gym."

Hall says that she has gotten some strange looks from people, but no irritating comments. It may have something to do with the fact that the dress is not the fanciest, but she believes people are just too reserved to say anything. Anyway, she doesn't really care, because she knows she has to hit the goal she has set and wearing the dress multiple times is the most reasonable way she could think of to make the most of her wedding dress.

Hall now plans to wear her wedding dress on a trip to Iceland that she and her partner will take next summer.

1.Why did Tammy Hall adopt a new lifestyle?

A.To adapt herself to Indian life. B.To cut down her consumption.

C.To save money for her next trip. D.To get prepared for her wedding.

2.What did Tammy Hall do to get her money's worth out of her wedding dress?

A.She brought fun to people with it. B.She tried to wear it to earn money.

C.She wore it repeatedly in daily life. D.She got it exchanged again and again.

3.Which of the following best explains the word "irritating" underlined in paragraph 6?

A.Thrilling. B.Annoying.

C.Amusing. D.Confusing.

4.What can we infer about Tammy Hall?

A.She is determined to turn her ideas into practice.

B.She values her wedding dress less than her trips.

C.She has been struggling to make the ends meet.

D.She has influenced people's lifestyle widely.

    New York's best classes for after-school kids include sports classes, performing arts classes, art classes and language programs. Make sure your kids are ready for new adventures with these super-cool offerings!

92nd Street Y Classes

At this institution your musicians can learn how to play instruments. After-school classes examine different musical pieces and encourage teamwork in a group setting. At the end of the program, mini Mozarts can impress their family and friends at open-house concerts. Plus, when they're not jamming, kids can take advantage of homework help in the Clubhouse, where they are divided up by grade level. Ages 5-15.

The Cliffs at LIC

After a day of fighting academic courses at school, your favorite achievers can reach heights on a rock-climbing wall. The Cliffs' offerings allow developing bodies to build muscle strength. For example, introductory sessions teach climbers how to safely tie knots (结) as well as other basics, mastering them with hands-on games and activities. The Cliffs at LIC, Long Island City. Ages 6-18.

Staten Island Skating Pavilion

This large area maintains (维持) its year-round frosty temperatures for ice-skating fun. Courses are offered every day for a variety of interests and skill levels, and public and freestyle sessions are available to children who want to spend some afternoons there without instruction. Ages 4-15.

West Side YMCA

If your children want to learn how to swim, you'd be hard-pressed to find more options than those offered here. Kids are grouped by age and ability. The courses cover personal safety and swimming techniques. If your children prefer dry land，the West Side YMCA also offers dance, basketball and football. Visit our website for class descriptions and price information. Ages 5-18.

1.Which of the following offers homework help?

A.The Cliffs at LIC. B.West Side YMCA.

C.92nd Street Y Classes. D.Staten Island Skating Pavilion.

2.What can participants do at Staten Island Skating Pavilion?

A.Learn basic climbing skills. B.Enjoy skating all year around.

C.Try a variety of outdoor sports. D.Start skating at the age of three.

3.Who is the text intended for?

A.Senior high school teachers. B.Children around school age.

C.Adults looking for relaxation. D.Parents with children of school age.

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语段续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数为150左右。

When Bryan Anderson noticed an old lady, caught on the side of the road, he knew she needed help. So he pulled up in front of her Mercedes and got out with his motor still running.

Even with a big smile on his face, she was worried. He didn't look safe; he looked poor and hungry. After reading her mind, he introduced himself as Bryan Anderson and began to help her.

Learning that she had a flat tire, without a second thought, Bryan set out to work and took hours to get it right, dirty and tired. She couldn't thank him enough for coming to her aid.

With everything done, the lady asked how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened. Bryan never thought about being paid. This was helping someone in need. He had lived his whole life that way, and it never occurred to him to act any other way.

Byan told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person help the way he gave her, and he added, “And think of me to let the chain of love pass on.”

Hearing that she owed him nothing, with tears rolling down her cheeks, the old lady drove off with a deep “Thank you”.

A few miles down the road, the lady saw a small cafe. She went in to grab a bite to eat, and take the chill off before she made the last leg of her trip home. In the dirty- looking restaurant, the whole scene was unfamiliar to her; a waitress came over and brought a clean towel to wipe her wet hair. She had a sweet smile, one that even being on her feet for the whole day couldn’t erase. The lady noticed the waitress was nearly eight months pregnant, but she never let the strain and aches change her attitude. Then she remembered Bryan.

Paragraph 1:

After the lady finished her meal, she paid with a $100 bill.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

That night when she got home from work, she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

根据首字母或者汉语意思填入正确形式的单词。

1.He p__________ with them to give him more time to pay.

2.They have a very p__________ family business.

3.Apacs has launched a c__________ to improve the training of staff.

4.Taking notes and reviewing them are among the simple learning habits we too often o_________.

5.Students should understand the a___________ to communicating with others.

6.To make his f________ abroad, he set about making the necessary preparations.

7.It is ____________ (不负责任的) to drive when tired.

8.This company was in serious f___________ difficulties.

9.You can recommend any of our friends to p______________ in our project!

10.Many kinds of animals have v_________ from the earth.

11.The school's purpose is to i___________ parents more closely in the education of their children.

12.When he g________ from junior middle school, he moved to a small town in Vermont.

13.His ___________ (不成熟的) behaviour was beginning to annoy me.

14.Hey，Cindy, I’m so sorry about yesterday. I shouldn’t have y______ at you in front of everyone.

15.U_______________, he hurt his knee when he fell down on the ice.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

We all know clean water is important for good health. But now we also know we should watch 1. we keep our water in. Plastic bottles hardened with a dangerous material 2.(call) BPA can release a chemical into our water that harms our bodies. Since 2011, many countries 3.(ban) plastic with BPA from use in food containers and baby bottles. But are other non-BPA plastics safe?

Plastic labeled BPA-free might use other chemicals that have 4.(harm) health effects. 5.(Study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA. So, what should people do? The 6.(good) material to drink from is glass, 7. has no chemicals that can poison water.

Another good choice 8. a drink container is stainless steel. Stainless steel bottles are better than aluminum bottles, which are covered with a thin plastic 9.(protect) the metal from acids. There are many good food-grade stainless steel water bottles on the market.

If you do decide to use a reusable plastic water bottle, avoid 10.(keep) it in the sun. Sunlight and hot liquid speed up the release of chemicals into your drinking water.

    This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, _________on the walk of life, problems, quarrels, profession came into their life.

One day, she finally decided “I want to break up”. “Why?” he asked.

“I am _________.” she answered.

He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep thought. Finally he asked, “What can I do to _________your mind?”

Looking into his eyes she said, “Answer my question. If you can _________ my heart, I will change my mind. Let’s say, I want a flower growing on the face of a mountain cliff, we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your _________, will you do it for me?”

He said, “I will give you my _________tomorrow.”

She woke up the next morning, found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which goes “My dear, I would not pick that flower for you, the _________are …”

“When you use the computer you always mess up the software, and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to restore the programs. You always leave the house keys behind, thus I have to save my _________to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a (n) _________ city. I have to save my eyes to show you the way. You always __________at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes __________ when we grow old, I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those __________white hairs.”

“Thus, my dear, unless I am sure that there is someone who loves you __________ I do … I could not pick that flower yet, and die …”

That’s life, and __________. Flowers, and romantic moments are only used and appear on the __________of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar of true love stands.

1.A.but B.and C.or D.so

2.A.lonely B.shamed C.tired D.worried

3.A.speak B.change C.blow D.keep

4.A.represent B.expand C.admit D.convince

5.A.attention B.satisfaction C.interest D.death

6.A.agreement B.answer C.announcement D.judgment

7.A.meanings B.messages C.reasons D.purposes

8.A.legs B.patience C.energy D.dollars

9.A.ancient B.new C.modern D.underground

10.A.shout B.jump C.knock D.stare

11.A.as if B.now that C.so that D.in case

12.A.annoying B.enjoyable C.dusty D.amusing

13.A.less than B.rather than C.more than D.other than

14.A.determination B.love C.progress D.power

15.A.surface B.way C.principle D.nature

Sleep to Lose Weight

A recent study found that people who sleep less tend to be fat. Experts said it's time to find out if more sleep can fight obesity.

Nowadays, the most popular method to keep fit is doing more exercise and eating less. Some people even take weight-loss drugs to keep slim, which is unhealthy and harmful to your body. " 1.As a result, we’ve failed to recognize the value of good sleep," said a physician.

Men sleep an average of 27 minutes less than women, and overweight and fat patients sleep less than patients with normal weights. In general, fat people just sleep about 1.8 hours less a week than those with normal weights.2.Only an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night contributes to a lower BODY MASS INDEX （身体质量指数）.

We caution that this study does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship between limited sleep and fatness.3.Therefore, let's stay thin by sleeping more!

Here are some other advantages of sleeping more.

• You'll learn better.

This isn't just for children. Adults who get enough sleep also do better on tests of short-term memory.

•4.

After getting enough sleep, you will find yourself feeling happy and delighted.

• Lower stress.

5.With that people can better control their blood pressure.

A.Better mood.

B.You will be energized.

C.Sleep can definitely reduce levels of stress.

D.We've put so much emphasis on diet and exercise.

E.The study is intended to offer a healthy way to help people sleep longer.

F.The experts suggest that too much extension of sleep time not be necessary.

G.However, investigations of successful weight loss by sleeping more help prove such a connection.

    I once complained to my friend Mike, “I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.” He replied, “You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.

My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.

Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”

One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships，problems，accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.

Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that. That’s nonsense. Make up your mind, and you’ll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”

The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.

1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage?

A. One who wants to achieve success can’t expect to live an easy life.

B. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.

C. Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to people’s health.

D. People’s attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.

2.What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said?

A. Failure is the mother of success.

B. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.

C. If you risk nothing, you will have nothing.

D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.

3.What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph?

A. How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.

B. Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.

C. What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.

D. What great people have in common.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Different attitudes towards misfortune

B. Face difficulties with a smile

C. Nothing is impossible

D. Life is full of adversity

    Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind. Two of your students are trapped in a “he said/she said” battle. When you reflect on your emotional reactions, you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings, which can make you feel even worse. If so, the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”，the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively. According to a research, when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event, they make better sense of their reactions, experience less emotional suffering, and display fewer signs of stress.

But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical “he said/she said” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings. One is thinking，“I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists, “She really hurt my feelings.” However, if you ask them to take the self-distancing, they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation?” or “How did her anger affect him?”

Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective, studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think, feel, and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try.

First，consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation. Besides, avoid using the pronoun “I”. Focus on using third-person pronouns, he, she, they, and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. Finally, ask yourself, “How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate, concrete circumstances.

1.What is self-distancing?

A.Getting stuck in negative emotions. B.A stressful situation.

C.A study on relieving emotional stress. D.Reflecting on yourself objectively.

2.Paragraph 2 is developed by____.

A.example B.definition

C.classification D.process

3.Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing?

A.I’m angry with him.

B.How I wish I could go back to the past!

C.How did these two people get to this point?

D.He grabbed my notes, and then, and then...

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.Why Self-distancing Matters

B.The Application of Self-distancing

C.Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection

D.Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactions

    Feeling achy and feverish? Your misery has plenty of company. By the end of December, the tally (计数器) of flu-like illnesses in the state exceeded the peaks in the two previous seasons, when the biggest number of cases occurred in February and March. This time, the flu virus seems to be hitting even harder.

Flu is unique among human diseases. It circulates constantly in cool and dry areas. Because it spreads from person to person and can be picked up easily, nearly everyone is exposed. While it’s unclear whether the annual flu epidemic (流行病) will worsen this year, or just arrived earlier, fears have been increased by the severity of flu in Australia during its most recent season and the fact that the vaccine may protect against the predominant (盛行的) kind of the flu only 30 percent of the time.

Despite the worries, doctors and public health officials say there is no evidence that people are getting sicker than usual. Flu cases in Massachusetts started rising around Thanksgiving and increased steadily, with an especially steep climb in the last week of the year. “This is a bad flu season but not a horrible one,” said Dr. Andrew G. Villanueva, a lung specialist and chief quality officer at the Lahey Hospital & Medieal Centre in Burlington.

The flu season, while clearly in full swing, doesn’t “feel different” from previous years, Villanueva said. “We’re not seeing a lot of people being hospitalized because of flu,” he said. “Most people with the flu recover on their own without medical care.”

1.What’s the function of the first paragraph?

A.A lead-in. B.A comment. C.A summary. D.A background.

2.What can be learned about the flu this year according to the text?

A.The outbreak of the flu is terrible.

B.The flu has arrived earlier than before.

C.The vaccine against the nu is highly effective.

D.Everyone feels horrible at the mention of the flu.

3.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.Crowded B.Changeable C.Permanent D.Active

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A.To explain what flu is.

B.To rid people of flu panic.

C.To warn readers of how serious the flu is.

D.To inform readers how to prevent the flu.

Flower Show—The Great Garden Festival

This year’s Hampton Court Palace Flower Show promises to be the best “Great Garden Festival”. Discover beautiful garden displays, practical gardening advice, great shopping, quality food and entertainment, each with its own distinctive theme and flavour. Hands-on help is all around, with experts to quiz and top nursery plantspeople sharing their skills on the show.

TICKET PRICES

As a member, you’ll enjoy priority show tickets, discounts and as well as days out at more than 150 gardens.

Up to 2 children 16 and under go FREE with an accompanying adult.

HOW TO FIND US

By Rail

Hampton Court station is approximately 30 minutes from London Waterloo. Save money on your entry ticket when you travel with South West Trains.

By Launches

Arrive by boat with Launches to the flower show entrance. Shuttle trip from Hampton Court station just ￡2.50. The members departing from piers (码头) in Kingston save ￡2 on adult fare — please show membership card.

BY Road

Take the District Line to Richmond underground station, then the R68 bus Hampton Court.

Parking

We recommend parking at the showground which costs￡10 per day and is available at the Stud Gate car park on the A308 Hampton Court Road, and the Hampton Court ear park opposite Hampton Court Palace. Frequent courtesy buses will rin all day between this facility and Hampton Court station.

1.We can know from Paragraph 1 that ________.

A.the Flower Show is sure to be the best festival.

B.the visitors can taste delicious food with local flavour.

C.the Flower Show provides professional consulting service.

D.the visitors can leam how to garden and well their own plants.

2.How much is the public rate (in advance) for 11am on Thursday 10 July?

A.￡34. B.￡23.5. C.￡30. D.￡15.

3.Which means of transportation provides priority for the members?

A.By rail. B.By launches. C.By road. D.By car.

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友John想要加入他所在学校的中文俱乐部，但是他的中文不好，所以他不知道自己是否应该提出申请。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1.建议他申请；

2.给出理由；

3.表达期望。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last summer, a Romanian family moves into our neighborhood and a friend introduced me to them. They were a young couple with an 8-year-old daughter. Both parents worked and the girl were going to be on her own a lot of. She truly wanted to improve poor English. Therefore, I offered to look after her but teach her English during a summer holiday. To my delighted, she got on well with my daughter. What was surprised was that they became best friend. To be honest, I am really grateful for that I made up my mind to do for the girl during that summer.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Food waste is one of the greatest1.(challenge) of our time, and fruit and vegetables are2.(especial) problematic, as about 52% of them go bad before reaching consumers. But one Malaysian company has come up3.a simple solution(解决方案)to this problem-a tiny sticker that keeps fruit from going bad for up to weeks.

You’ve probably seen stickers on fruit before, but not like the ones4.(create)by the Malaysian company. Those common stickers are used only to provide consumers with information about the growers and how the fruit was grown, but Stixfresh has5.completely different purpose. It6.(contain) something special and all-natural that slows down the ripening(成熟)process, keeping the fruit fresh and juicy for much7.(long).

Stixfresh founder Zhafri Zainudin says that he thought of the idea for the stickers after visiting a friend8.ran a fruit store. The man was worried about losing money every day because of bad fruit, but he knew that there was no way to stop nature from taking9.(it) course. The Malaysian businessman worked with many universities10.(develop) and test his sticker.

At first, Stixfresh stickers were only used to lengthen the shelf-life of mangoes, but the company later worked on other fruit, like dragon fruit, star fruit, apples and pears.

    Years ago when Sam was nine, a television advertisement caught his attention. Procter & Gamble started an advertisement campaign with “the Cheer Man”, a character who visited_________around the country. If he rang your doorbell and you had a box of Cheer or something like “Cheer” written on a piece of paper, you’d_________ten dollars.

Sam was_________that the Cheer Man would come to his home. Many parents considered his idea_________, but his mother helped him prepare for that_________.

Young Sam made a sign with the Cheer logo(标志) and_________it in his bedroom. When he was_________, he told his classmates his dream. They_________him, but his mother kept_________him to dream.

Time went by and the ad was not on____________.Sam stored the sign in his closet(壁橱)-but he____________believed the Cheer Man was coming.

The next summer when Sam was ten, he____________a neighborhood birthday party. While they were playing outside, they____________what sounded like someone shouting. As the noise got____________, they saw a car with a loudspeaker-and a man was yelling, “Cheer! Cheer! Cheer is here!”

Sam watched____________. The car was several blocks away, but he knew it was going to his house. Sam ran home, grabbed(抓住)his sign and____________outside holding it over his head. And just as he’d____________, the Cheer Man stopped in front of his house and said, “You get the ten dollars.”Sam’s joy was beyond____________.

Young Sam learned a valuable____________about believing in a dream He discovered that anything is possible. That knowledge paved the way for Sam Haskell’s____________as a television executive and producer in Hollywood.

1.A.classrooms B.companies C.surroundings D.neighborhoods

2.A.raise B.spend C.receive D.save

3.A.convinced B.pleased C.doubted D.accused

4.A.informal B.impossible C.unexpected D.unusual

5.A.visit B.advertisement C.wait D.party

6.A.hung B.threw C.hid D.spread

7.A.curious B.stressful C.ready D.puzzled

8.A.believed in B.relied on C.laughed at D.responded to

9.A.inviting B.encouraging C.forcing D.requiring

10.A.newspaper B.television C.radio D.book

11.A.only B.yet C.already D.still

12.A.changed B.ruined C.celebrated D.attended

13.A.ignored B.kept C.heard D.suggested

14.A.closer B.faster C.nicer D.better

15.A.peacefully B.excitedly C.sadly D.slowly

16.A.whispered B.begged C.climbed D.rushed

17.A.dreamed B.planned C.organized D.written

18.A.combination B.pace C.description D.manner

19.A.speech B.lesson C.experience D.conclusion

20.A.birth B.business C.gift D.future

    A question commonly asked during a job interview is “What are your goals for the future?” This question is a good way for employers to determine if your career(事业)goals are a good fit for the company.1.So you should be careful to answer the question. Here are some tips for you.

Avoid discussing salary. Don’t focus on goals related to earnings, raises or bonuses. You should focus on the work you hope to achieve, rather than the money you want to make.2.However, you should never volunteer your target salary unasked.

3.Even though this question is about you, you should convey that you won’t abandon the employer anytime soon. Talk about how you’ll add value to the company through the achievement of your own goals. Also, convince the interviewer that working at this company will help you achieve your goals for a win-win situation.

Explain the action you’ll take.4.You should also explain the steps you will take to achieve them. For example, if you want to take on a management role, describe the steps you will take to become a manager.

Take time to practice. Practice answering questions about your career goals out loud, so you can be more comfortable during your interview.5.

Bear these tips in mind when answering the question during your job interview. Hopefully, you will get the job you want.

A.Focus on the employer.

B.It's fine to provide a salary range if asked.

C.Talk about what you have achieved in the past years.

D.Listing goals is not going to make for a strong answer.

E.The interviewer is interested in your specific goals instead of general ones.

F.Besides, it helps hiring managers make sure that you actually have some goals.

G.You can also review various job interview questions and answers to get fully prepared.

    Looking for a fun Earth Day activity? You may want to try plogging, or picking up litter while jogging. Strange as it may sound, the new “sport" is becoming popular with runners worldwide? many of whom are posting photos of themselves and friends holding bags of trash on social media.

Plogging is the idea of Erik Alstrom. In 2016, after moving to Stockholm in northern Sweden, Alstrom showed concern over the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work. Thus, he began plogging during his daily runs.

Other joggers soon joined Alstrom, and the activity became so popular that official “plogging" events started all across Sweden. As plogging became popular on social media, the new “sport" began to spread beyond Sweden, first to other European countries and then worldwide.

The official online “Plogga" group now includes members from over 40 countries, all the way from United States cities like Ohio to Thailand and Ecuador. Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action to encourage people, staging competitions that reward the runners with the heaviest trash bags.

As it turns out, plogging is not only good for the environment but also a healthy way to exercise. According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun, an average person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour. This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging. Additionally, the constant squatting(蹲) to pick up litter increases the plogger's flexibility, while lugging(费力地拖) around the increasingly heavy garbage bags helps strengthen his/her arm muscles.

On this Earth Day, be sure to put on your running shoes, carry a trash bag or two, and go plogging. Or better still, start a plogging team at school, or around your neighborhood, and make every day Earth Day!

1.Why did Erik Alstrom decide to pick up litter while running?

A.He wanted to clear out a path to ride his bike.

B.He was concerned about the trash on the road.

C.He was fond of exercising on his way to work.

D.He dreamed to become popular across Sweden.

2.How do school running clubs support the new “sport”？

A.They post photos of official events online.

B.They explain what plogging means on stage.

C.They compete with one another for members.

D.They hold competitions to attract people to plog.

3.Why is Swedish fitness app Lifesun mentioned in paragraph 5?

A.To show that plogging is of benefit to health.

B.To say that plogging is environment-friendly.

C.To offer the approaches to exercising properly.

D.To tell joggers to carry heavy bags to work out.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Plogging: A Strange But New “Sport" for Runners

B.What We Should Do to Reduce the Amount of Litter

C.Running Is Really Helpful to Environmental Protection

D.Plogging: A Fun Activity for Earth Day and Every Day

    If you expect to work in the future in the travel industry, you should begin learning Chinese.

That’s because Chinese people spent nearly$258 billion in total on international travel last year. That’s more than twice the combined amount spent on international travel by people from the United States and Germany, the next two biggest-spending nations. The Chinese are relative(相对的)newcomers when it comes to traveling beyond their nation’s borders and only a small percentage of them travel outside of China each year. Given the size of that nation’s population. even that small percentage represents well over 100 million Chinese travelers to foreign destinations.

Yet Chinese citizens flew, on average, just 65 miles last year versus(与……相对)the 227 miles flown on average by US residents(居民), the 285 miles flown on average by Germans, the 271 miles flown on average by those from the United Kingdom, and the 632 miles flown by the average Canadian last year.

China’s high total spending on international travel and its low average number of miles flown on international travel may show that while only a small percentage of China’s residents actually travel outside their homeland, and those who do spend a lot of money don’t go that far. But there are reasons for China’s low average of miles travel on international trips. A small percentage of Chinese now have enough money to travel internationally, though the number of people who do travel outside of China is growing fast every year. Besides, a large percentage of Chinese people traveling abroad stay close to home.

However, as more and more Chinese gain the financial ability to travel internationally and as Chinese become more and more interested in visiting destinations farther and farther away from home, their spending on international travel and the average distances flown will both rise rapidly.

1.Why does the author suggest learning Chinese for the future work in travel industry?

A.Being good at Chinese is a must for future work.

B.Chinese is most commonly used in travel industry.

C.Travel industry requires employees to learn Chinese.

D.China is a big-spending nation in international travel

2.What can we infer from paragraph 3?

A.People from different countries have different preferred destinations.

B.China has a relatively low average number of miles flown on travel.

C.Chinese people are more willing to travel abroad compared with Canadians.

D.People going on a journey around the world hate taking international planes.

3.What are many Chinese people who travel abroad likely to do?

A.Try to save their money. B.Improve their ability to travel.

C.Choose to stay close to home. D.Travel in America and Germany.

4.What does the last paragraph say about the future of Chinese people’s traveling abroad?

A.It’s bright. B.It’s confusing.

C.It’s hopeless. D.It’s unclear.

    Jerome Karie and Isabella Lugoski met in their first physical chemistry class at the University of Michigan in 1940. Jerome Karie was in his first year of doctoral work, Isabella Lugoski was in her last year as an undergraduate(大学本科生), and they were laboratory partners. However, they didn't get along well at first.

Isabella Lugoski looked back on the past, “I walked into the physical chemistry laboratory and there's a young man in the desk next to mine with his equipment all set up running his experiment. I don't think I was very polite about my question. I asked him how he got there early and had everything all set up. He didn't like that. So we didn't talk to each other for a while.

Their relationship got going as they competed for the top grade in that course and they started to build connection because both of them were interested in chemistry. They married in 1942. By 1946, both of the Karies had earned doctorates in physical chemistry, and, after a period of time at the University of Chicago working on the Manhattan Project, moved to Washington DC to join the US Naval Research Laboratory.

Each specialized in a different aspect of X-ray crystallography(晶体学): Jerome focused on developing equations(方程式) that could determine how atoms(原子) were arranged inside complex molecules, while Isabella ran practical experiments to test how well the equations worked. Working together, they created what is now called the direct method for determining molecular structures(分子结构), which has allowed scientists to effectively study and copy complex organic molecules to continue further study.

Jerome Karie was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1985. Although he was disappointed that the Nobel committee had ignored Isabella's contribution to that work, she was unfazed. At that point, she had already won more awards and prize money for her experimental work than he had.

1.What did Isabella Lugoski do when she first met Jerome Karie?

A.She blamed him for his being late. B.She set up all his equipment for him.

C.She asked him a question impolitely. D.She observed his experiment silently.

2.What made Jerome Karie and Isabella Lugoski become connected?

A.Their common interest in chemistry. B.Their wonderful marriage since 1940.

C.Their pleasant first talk in a laboratory. D.Their successful cooperation in courses.

3.What is paragraph 4 mainly intended to show?

A.The Karies' encouraging further study. B.The Karies' good teamwork in science.

C.How the Karies worked with others. D.Why the Karies won the Nobel Prize.

4.Which of the following best explains “unfazed" underlined in the last paragraph?

A.Generous. B.Touched. C.Shocked. D.Calm.