每天试题更新列表 - 满分5

Face shape lets AI spot rare disorders

People with genetic syndromes（综合征）sometimes have revealing facial features, but using them to make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be_____ given there are hundreds of possible conditions they may have. A new neural network that analyses photographs of faces can help doctors _____ the possibilities.

Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at the overall impression of faces and _____ a list of the 10 genetic syndromes a person is most likely to have.

They _____ the neural network, called DeepGestalt, on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 genetic syndromes. The team then asked the AI to _____ potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photos of people with such conditions. It included the correct answer among its list of 10 responses 91 per cent of the time.

Gurovich and his team also_____ the neural network’s ability to distinguish between the different genetic mutations (变异) that can lead to the same syndrome. They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome, which can result from mutations in any one of five genes. DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of the physical appearance 64 per cent of the time. It’s clearly not _____, but it’s still much better than humans are at trying to do this.

As the system makes its assessments, the facial regions that were most helpful in the determination are _____ and made available for doctors to view. This helps them to understand the relationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.

The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about_____. If faces can reveal details about genetics, then employers and insurance providers could, in principle, _____ use such techniques to _____ against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders. _____, Gurovich says the tool will only be _____ for use by clinicians.

This technique could bring significant_____ for those who have genetic syndromes. The real value here is that for some of these ultra-rare diseases, the process of diagnosis can be many, many years. This kind of technology can help narrow down the search space and then be confirmed through checking genetic markers. For some diseases, it will cut down the time to diagnosis dramatically. For others, it could perhaps add means of finding other people with the disease and, _____, help find new treatments or cures.

1.A.convincing B.tricky C.reliable D.feasible

2.A.bring about B.result from C.narrow down D.rule out

3.A.return B.input C.top D.feed

4.A.based B.imposed C.focused D.trained

5.A.identify B.distinguish C.shift D.cure

6.A.tested B.demonstrated C.recognized D.acquired

7.A.acceptable B.perfect C.reliable D.workable

8.A.covered B.excluded C.highlighted D.supervised

9.A.objectivity B.accuracy C.credibility D.privacy

10.A.legally B.habitually C.efficiently D.secretly

11.A.discriminate B.fight C.argue D.vote

12.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However

13.A.impossible B.available C.ready D.rare

14.A.challenges B.benefits C.damages D.concerns

15.A.by contrast B.in turn C.in addition D.on the contrary

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Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out.

So on a chilly January evening last year, the two friends ventured (冒险) onto the frozen pond near their homes in Frankfort, Illinois,1.(get) a better look. First they cast a rock onto the ice to test it, then they stepped on it.2.(convince) the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, then … FOOMP. He crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. There was no sound, he just fell instantly.

Cruz rushed to help his terrified friend. FOOMP -- the pond swallowed him too. Cruz managed to lift

3.out of the frozen water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony. But the ice 4.(not hold), and he fell in again. This time, he couldn’t get out. The boys were up to their necks in icy water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs. There was not much chance 5.they could free themselves from the trouble. Cruz was sure he was going to die.

Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys 6.(fall) into the pond and started creaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the grocery store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy(浮标)，kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water,7.(chop) his way through the ice with his free fist. Lavin made his way8.Cruz and Anthony and pull them back to land. They were taken to the hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water9.(lower) their body temperature nearly ten degrees.

Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered,10.they are still a little awestruck(惊叹的)by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “If he hadn’t been there, I would have died.”

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每个人都想获得成功，但生活中失败却不可避免。作为一名高中生，我们该如何看待失败？请结合以下提示用英语写一篇短文。

1. As a teenager, what’s your understanding of failure?

2. What do you think the benefits of failure are?

3. How should you deal with failure when facing it? And your views about it.

写作要求：

1．对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥。

2．词数150左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。

3．作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如：校名、人名等。

Failure is one of those life experiences most of us can’t avoid. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据中文提示和所给首字母的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。请将答案的完整形式写在答题卡的相应题号的横线上。

1.A_____the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

2.He didn’t make great progress in his study; on the c_____, his health was harmed because of lacking enough sleep.

3.The book isn’t intended for general readers probably because the author e_____too many scientific terms in it.

4.We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great c_____to human beings and society will never be forgotten.

5.I listened to his excuse with a(n)_____of amusement and disbelief.

6.You’d better choose some_____(简化的)story books, in which case your boy will show interest in them.

7.Color-blind people have difficulty_____(区分)between blue and green.

8.Reforming the education system will be a difficult ____(过程)

9.Though I haven’t seen Jimmy for twenty years, I_____(认出) him the moment I saw him.

10.I said hello to her, but she_____(不予理睬)me as usual.

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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dear Daniel

My high school life is1.(stress). I try to sleep for a while at noon, but I still get sleepy in the afternoon. What should I do?

Heater

Dear Heater,

This is a serious problem. As a teacher, I saw many students sleeping in class, 2. (able) to focus — even children!

Let’s look at your lifestyle. Do you stay awake late at night? Do you use your smartphone before bed? Do you have caffeine at night?

First, late nights are a bad habit, even if you’re staying up late 3.(study). Research shows that studying when you’re tired is less effective. 4. (lose) sleep makes you too tired in class the next day. You should sleep for seven or eight hours each night.

Next, don’t use your smartphone before bed. The screen keeps our eyes and brains5.(wide) awake. If you6.use a phone before bed, use a blue-light filter (过滤) app.

Of course, you should avoid caffeine after dinner. This means no cola, no chocolate and no coffee.7. (drink) non-caffeinated teas or water.

As8.your sleepy afternoons, napping (午休) is normal and healthy. It sounds like you need a “power nap”. These are 20-30 minute naps that give a boost (增强) of energy. Set your alarm for 25 minutes and get up when you hear it. Be careful! If you nap too long, you will feel 9.(sleep) than before.

Proper sleep is an important part of a healthy life, so taking a nap is10.I suggest that you should do .

Good luck!

Daniel

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Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _______ with them lots of waste. The _______ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the _______ of Kilimanjaro.

Hearing these stories, I’m _______ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.

However, I soon _______ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _______ among tons of rubbish. I find a _______ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _______ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _______.

The best of a Kilimanjaro ________, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ________ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ________ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ________ go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ________ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ________ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ________ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ________: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ________ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ________ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.

Does Kilimanjaro ________ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.

1.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring

2.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters

3.A.position B.age C.face D.name

4.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy

5.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate

6.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones

7.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean

8.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary

9.A.paying off B.spreading out C.blowing up D.fading away

10.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight

11.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded

12.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose

13.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials

14.A.holding on to B.going back to C.living up to D.giving way to

15.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits

16.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add

17.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake

18.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally

19.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial

20.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire

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The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1. By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1. Curiosity

Your children need to be deeply curious. Encourage kids to cook with you. Ask kids, "What ingredients(配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?" And then try them out. 2. What could we try next time?

2. Creativity

True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. 3. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

3. Interpersonal Skills

Understanding how others feel can be so challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? 4. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. "Why do you think she's crying?" "Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?" "If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?"

4. Self Expression

Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 5.. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better?

B. And we can't ignore science education.

C. There are a dozen different things you can do with them.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?

E. Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.

F. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill..

G. There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography

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Exams never made me break out in a nervous sweat with tears threatening to ruin my already-trembling façade — but this one did. Even booking my piano exam reduced me to a blubbering mess of anxiety.

I feel permanently scarred inside churches — no longer admiring their beauty because, over the years, I have received such terrible marks from examiners hiding behind the stained-glass partitions. Despite being 15 — too old, too cool to be frightened — I remember trembling inside the bathroom stalls before my tests. I wished I never had to play in front of others.

But this time, after booking my Level 8 Royal Conservatory of Music piano exam, I went back to my normal routine. A little practice here, a little practice there. And then it happened.

My trusty, 10-year-old electric piano gave out. Middle C started to sound like an F-sharp and all other keys sounded like they were a fourth above their natural tone. Thankfully, my precious, boredom-saving buttons still worked. I could still change my piano’s settings from “piano” to “harpsichord .” I admit, it was a lot of fun banging on my wacky keys. Each note bonged like the sound on children’s TV shows when a character repeatedly runs into a wall.

Goofiness aside, I had to get my act together. I hated practicing but I really wanted a good mark. When I told my father what had happened to my piano, he only glared at me with disappointment, “When I was your age, I learned to be resourceful.”

Hmm. I had a broken piano, an exam coming up in a few months and a father who refused to buy me a new piano because he wanted to teach me a “life lesson”. I finally came upon a decision: I’d practice at school.

Going to a private school had to have its benefits, so I looked for a place to play. The school had many pianos but only a few in tune. Within a few days of searching, my piano books, my artistic best friend and I headed off to a music room at every available opportunity.

I loved finding new pianos in hidden corners of the school and I laughed at the dusty old historic pianos. They really had character. I spent hours in those music rooms while my friend honed her art skills in sketching and drawing. She suffered through my annoying, repetitive scales while I looked over my shoulder once in a while and admired her work. Not only did I become a better musician, but I also managed to gain a few subpar skills as an art critic.

As my exam drew close, all the music teachers knew to look for me in the piano rooms during recess, after school and late on Fridays. In anticipation of my assessment, one of my music teachers let me perform for her as a mini practice exam. To my surprise, she was greatly impressed.

Within a few months I went from not caring about my playing to feeling actually, maybe, kind of proud of my work. And over countless hours spent in my favorite, soundproof music room, I discovered that behind the piano, I could become anyone. Talking to other people never came easy to me, but I was able to express myself through music. I became overjoyed. It was like I had developed a sixth sense, one that only musicians could understand.

When I played, my worries about what others thought of me and how I viewed myself merged to reveal who I really am. All my adolescent musings made me feel like I was in a cage, but music gave me the key. Sitting behind a piano and creating music combined the movement of my body and the inner workings of my heart.

Music had never been the love of my life but that was changing. I loved the idea of being on a stage and creating something for others to enjoy and remember. Actually, it wasn’t a something, but rather a feeling that the audience would carry outside into a world where music wasn’t the only thing that people cared for.

When the time came to play in front of an examiner, instead of fearing my judge, I feared nothing but being unable to represent all my hard work. All the anxiety I had about going up on stage dimmed, and when the lights went on, all I could think about was the marvellous journey I’d had to get here. Trilling the keys reminded me of when I’d spent nearly two hours alone in a music room, more content than I had been anywhere else. Playing the melody reminded me of the bittersweet music experiences of past years.

Many days later, I received my mark. Not only did I earn a rarely mentioned “well done” and an 82 per cent, I had rewritten what music meant to me.

Now whenever I get caught up in the daily struggle, I remember the hard work that it took to reach my goal. Whenever I feel discouraged, I never forget to look at the gleaming keys of my new upright piano. As my father always says, some lessons are just learned the hard way.

1.What made the author so stressful inside churches these years?

A.The religious atmosphere. B.The artistic performance.

C.The horrible surroundings. D.Her colorful fantasy.

2.What can be inferred according to the underlined sentence in Para 5?

A.The author’s family was too poor to afford a new piano.

B.The father was quite angry about the author’s bad behavior.

C.The author showed great dissatisfaction about her father.

D.The father wanted the author to address the problem independently.

3.Which of the following word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in Para 11?

A.mixed B.separated C.interacted D.exploited

4.The author changed her attitude towards music mainly because________.

A.Her good friend accompanied her to get through hard time.

B.Her teachers treated her much better than before.

C.Her family supported her quite well.

D.Her own understanding of musical value.

5.Which of the following indicates the change of the author’s feelings?

A.Nervous — disappointed — angry — calm

B.Curious — frustrated — hopeful — grateful

C.Frightened — indifferent — passionate — proud

D.Depressed — satisfied — disappointed — peaceful

6.What might be the best title of this passage?

A.An important Music Test

B.A Hard but Enjoyable Life

C.The Key to Happiness

D.My Favourite Piano

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For some people, higher education is not just a goal in life, but also an expectation. In the United States, if your parents attended a college or university, there is a good chance that you will, too. Even if your parents did not go to college, you still have a good chance of completing higher education if your family is wealthy.

But your chances are reduced if you come from a needy family, a community with limited educational resources or you simply have no one to follow as an example.

Helping those in need is one of the main ideas behind a strategy of behavioral science called nudge theory or nudging. Nudging is a way of changing people's behavior through indirect suggestion and by supporting positive actions.

A growing number of U.S. colleges and universities look to nudging as a way to support poor, minority and first-generation students. They also are using it to increase overall graduation rates. Two common forms of nudging are emails to students and text messages to their mobile phones. Schools and other educational organizations keep in contact with students this way, offering advice and help when needed.

However, Alejandra Acosta — a higher education policy expert at New America — notes that there are several qualities a nudge campaign must possess in order to be successful.

Acosta says messages must be timely, meaning they reach college students well before the date by which a student is required to take action. Additionally nudges should be written clearly and provide as much information as possible. If students start to struggle in class, school officials should not just message them, saying they should seek academic support. The message should give information about what kinds of support the college or university offers and exactly how the student can make use of them. That is why nudges should possess interactive qualities, Acosta says. For example, students should be able to ask questions of school officials or be directed to a website for more information. In addition, colleges and universities must ensure their support services are in place and working as best they can.

When nudges work, they can do a lot of good. In 2018, a nonprofit group launched a nudging campaign at four U.S. community colleges. They worked with nearly 10.000 first-year students at three such colleges in Ohio and one in Virginia. A recent study found that older and minority students who agreed to receive these nudges were 16 to 20 percent more likely to continue into their second year than those who did not.

1.Who is most likely to receive and complete higher education according to the passage?

A.Tony, whose father is the only bread-winner in the family.

B.Jimmy, whose mother is a worker in a small factory.

C.Betty, whose grandmother is a housemaid of a famous university professor.

D.Cathy, whose parents failed to attend college but succeeded in starting a big company.

2.What can we know about nudging?

A.It is rooted in psychological science.

B.It is a way to improve people’s mind.

C.It offers concrete and direct advice.

D.It helps students via emails and text messages.

3.What is the passage mainly talking about?

A.The problem with higher education.

B.A way for colleges to support students.

C.The popularity of nudging campaign.

D.A national campaign dealing with poverty.

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Scientists have discovered a “monster black hole” so massive that, in theory, it shouldn’t exist. It’s a stellar (恒星) black hole — the type that forms after stars die, collapse, and explode. Researchers had previously believed that the size limit was no more than 20 times the mass of our sun because as these stars die, they lose most of their mass through explosions that expel (排出) matter and gas swept away by stellar winds.

This theory has now been toppled by LB-1, the newly discovered black hole. Located about 15,000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun, according to a press release from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The findings were published by Chinese researchers in the journal Nature on Wednesday. “Black holes of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy, according to most of the current models of stellar evolution,” said Liu Jifeng, head of the team that made the discovery.

“LB-1 is twice as massive as what we thought possible. Now theorists will have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation.”

Scientists are now scratching their heads at how LB-1 got so huge.

The Chinese team has proposed a number of theories. LB-1’s sheer size suggests that it “was not formed from the collapse of only one star,” the study said — instead, it could potentially be two smaller black holes orbiting each other.

Another possibility is that it formed from “fallback supernova.” This is when a supernova — the last stage of an exploding star — ejects (排出) material during the explosion, which then falls back into the supernova, creating a black hole.

This fallback formation is theoretically possible, but scientists have never been able to prove or observe it. If this is how LB-1 formed, then we may have “direct evidence for this process” for the first time, the study said.

There are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like LB-1 are on the smaller side, according to NASA. Supermassive black holes are much bigger — they can be billions of times the mass of our sun.

Scientists believe supermassive black holes may be connected to the formation of galaxies, as they often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how, or which form first.

1.Why does the writer write the article?

A.To report the great achievement Chinese scientists have made in black hole theory.

B.To inform the readers of the basic knowledge about the black hole.

C.To share with the readers the new development of the black hole discovery.

D.To demonstrate the significance of discovering new black holes for science.

2.What does the underlined word “toppled” mean in the second paragraph?

A.overturned B.supported C.suspected D.tested

3.Which of the following about LB-1 is true to the passage?

A.It is the biggest black hole ever discovered.

B.It lost only a small part of its mass through explosion.

C.It couldn’t have been formed from the collapse of one star,

D.Its discovery may lead to some breakthrough in the “fallback formation theory”.

4.Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A.If the sun in our galaxy dies some of its mass will be taken away by stellar winds.

B.A massive supernova will be formed and then exploded if the sun in our galaxy dies.

C.“The Milky Way” was formed after a supermassive black hole collapsed and exploded.

D.If “the Milky Way” dies, a supermassive black hole will be formed after its death.

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Welcome to Teaching English-a site for teacher educators who are working in schools，colleges，universities or language academies. On Teaching English you'll find lesson plans，tools and activities for your classroom. We have a range of resources to help with your professional development. Our site is free of charge.

Here are two ways to find a page where you can get started：

*Use the menu links at the top of every page to see what materials we have.

*Use the search button at the top-right of every page to find topics of interest to you.

Where to start Explore the site. Our practical teaching resources are divided into three main areas，which you'll see in the top menu: Teaching kids，Teaching teens and Teaching adults.

Resources for teachers of primary

There are more than 100 teachers lesson plans and activities for the primary classroom. All our lesson plans and activities are divided by level and you'll find a range of topics-from seasons and festivals to ideas for using flashcards and a focus on grammar.

In our teaching tools section for primary，we have classroom rule posters in four different designs，badge builders and star charts to motivate your students and a range of board games.

Resources for teachers of teenagers

There are more than 200 lesson plans and activities with different levels. You'll find a range of topics-from a series of plans to develop higher level thinking skills to online safety.

In our teaching tools section for teens，we have classroom rules posters in four different designs，badge builders to motivate your students and a range of skills posters with top tips.

Resources for teachers of adults

There are more than 150 graded lesson plans and activities for adult learners of English. You'll find a range of topics-from a series of activities around rants and raves to cooking！

Our English for business section has 15 lesson plans to help you with your business English classes. With lesson plans around the themes of meetings，negotiations and socializing，you are sure to find what you need.

1.When you get started on Teaching English，what should you pay much attention to？

A. All the lesson plans，tools and activities are designed specially for your classroom.

B. The menu links can help you know of every detail of the site efficiently.

C. The search button can help you locate what you are interested in.

D. There are only three areas in the top menu on every page.

2.What is the similarity among the Resources for teachers of primary，teenagers and adults？

A. The number of their lesson plans and activities are similar.

B. Their lesson plans and activities are all divided by level.

C. They share a range of similar topics with each other.

D. They all have classroom rule posters as their teaching tools.

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某英文杂志在其“互动栏目（Q & A）”刊出Lora的来信，欢迎读者就信中提到的问题进行分析并提出建议。假定你是读者李华，请给Lora回信。

Dear editor,

I’m a senior high school student, and I want to read more books of classic literature. But some friends suggest I watch movies based on the books instead. What are the advantages of each approach and what do you suggest?

Thanks!

Lora

注意：

1. 词数 100 左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

The first a few weeks of the term are over and it has definitely been a new experience.

Having school lesson online is something I’ve only read about in articles where discuss future technology. Now I am living in the future! They took me some time to get used to my new Internet classroom. At first, I can’t always hear what the teacher or my classmates was saying. Sometimes I wasn’t well preparing. Slowly, however, I adapted the new learning environment but now things are going smoothly. Of course, I still miss seeing my classmates and play together outside. Hopefully, we can meet in person soon.

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填写 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The novel coronavirus, now officially named Covid-19, is a new 1. (ill) and scientists are still studying the best ways to control it. Defeating Covid-19, 2., is not only the job of scientists and doctors. People have an important role to play in the battle. The best wayto help prevent the virus 3. (spread) is by protecting yourself and staying healthy.

Scientists are now sure that Covid-19 is passed between people through coughing and sneezing. The virus travels through the air and can be breathed in by people nearby. It may also land 4. surfaces such as tables and chairs. If these surfaces 5. (touch), the virus may be on your hands. Touching your eyes or mouth with 6. (wash) hands can let the virus enter your body.

7. (protect) yourself and others, wear a mask at all times when out in public. This stops healthy people from breathing in Covid-19 and 8. (reduce) the amount of the virus ill people send into the air. Most importantly, wash your hands carefully and frequently, especially 9. you are outside your home.

Covid-19 is undoubtedly a serious social challenge, but if we all contribute and behave 10. (responsible), it is one that we can overcome.

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Throughout my life, I was never very athletic. I wasn’t really into____, sports or conflict. The only_____I enjoyed were_____things like watching TV and playing computer games.

It was during my junior year in high school that I realized I needed a_____. My friends were joining the long distance running club and_____me to do it also. At my school, there were no qualification_____; every student was accepted.

As everyone gathered around on the first day of practice, the_________announced it was time for “warm-up”. I imagined the warm-up would be a_____jog around the 400-metre track. I soon_____it was a 1-km run. After completing the run, I was_______! I wondered, “If that’s warm-up, what’s next?” The_____workout for the day was a 5-km run, which I mostly walked. When I came home, I really considered______. However, I______ myself to keep at it and try harder.

Of course, there was no real improvement______. I always came in last during practice and the first few____. As days and weeks went on, I really tried my best. During practice, I would always keep at the_____of the group; the fastest, more_____runners were always ahead, while the laziest were behind. As the result of my______, warm-up became a real warm-up. The 5-km runs transformed into an_____day of practice. And I was no longer last in anything we did. For a former couch potato, like me, this was a(n)____.

1.A.rules B.arts C.competition D.schoolwork

2.A.procedures B.activities C.lessons D.programs

3.A.endless B.pointless C.important D.challenging

4.A.change B.rest C.team D.result

5.A.accompanied B.assisted C.required D.invited

6.A.trials B.alternatives C.opportunities D.reasons

7.A.competitor B.coach C.reporter D.referee

8.A.hard B.boring C.practical D.casual

9.A.decided B.suspected C.realized D.agreed

10.A.sent off B.taken away C.turned down D.worn out

11.A.real B.best C.expected D.fun

12.A.complaining B.quitting C.crying D.refreshing

13.A.convinced B.taught C.sent D.helped

14.A.actually B.gradually C.separately D.instantly

15.A.performances B.presentations C.races D.steps

16.A.middle B.top C.front D.bottom

17.A.popular B.confident C.serious D.relaxed

18.A.inspiration B.determination C.loyalty D.contribution

19.A.unimaginable B.avoidable C.easy D.optional

20.A.exception B.example C.promotion D.success

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Leonardo da Vinci and Nature

In the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in Leonardo’s time they were closely connected. Science meant mathematics and medical studies. 1. Mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky. An artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. He could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. 2.

Mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. 3. More than this, though, Leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.”

“Nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote Leonardo. In all his activities, Leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. In his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. Actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas. 4. His purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. He also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature.

5. His quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. More careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. In July 2001, a small drawing by Leonardo was sold for $12 million. It was the most expensive drawing in the world.

A.Leonardo was always drawing.

B.How could these be connected with art?

C.Leonardo’s ideas were vastly ahead of his time.

D.Mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown.

E.Above all, Leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked.

F.You will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of The Last Supper.

G.Leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing.

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Let’s begin with the story: King Hiero contracts the ancient Greek polymath Archimedes (阿基米德) to detect fraud in the manufacture of a golden crown. Archimedes accepts the challenge and, during a subsequent trip to the public baths, realizes that the more his body sinks into the water, the more water is displaced — making the displaced water an exact measure of his volume.

Realizing he has hit upon a method to determine whether the King’s crown was made of gold or silver, the young Greek leaps out of the bath and rushes home naked crying “Eureka! Eureka!” Or, translated: “I’ve found it! I’ve found it!”

Too bad, however, Archimedes probably never uttered the phrase in that way.

First and foremost, Archimedes himself never wrote about this episode, although he spent plenty of time detailing the laws of buoyancy (浮力). The oldest authority for the naked-Archimedes eureka story is Vitruvius, a Roman writer, who included the tale in his introduction to his ninth book of architecture. “Vitruvius may have gotten it wrong,” says Chris Schmitt, a mathematician at the University of Berlin and a self-described Archimedes fan. “The method attributed to Archimedes in the story works in theory so it sounds right, but when you actually try it, you find that the real world gets in the way.”

In fact, Schmitt is one of a long line of scientists, including Galileo, who have read the account and thought, “That can’t be right.” As Galileo wrote, Archimedes could have achieved a far more precise result using his own law of buoyancy and an accurate scale. In fact, the surface tension of water can make the volume of a light object like a crown immeasurable. “There may be some truth to it,” Schmitt adds. “Archimedes did measure the volume of things but the eureka moment was maybe due to his original discovery concerning buoyance, not to sitting in the bathtub and then running through the streets naked.”

Much like Newton’s apple, the exclamation persists because of the enduring power of the story: a golden crown, a life in the balance, a naked mathematician. The suspect foundations of the eureka moment take nothing away from the word’s ability to uniquely and concisely convey the flash of inspiration.

1.According to the first paragraph, how would Archimedes measure the volume of the crown?

A.He would weigh himself with and without the crown.

B.He would weigh the crown first and then put it into water.

C.He would go to the public baths wearing the crown on his head.

D.He would sink the crown into water and measure the water displaced.

2.What did Galileo probably think of the naked-Archimedes eureka story?

A.He believed the word “eureka” was said in another situation.

B.He suspected Archimedes didn’t run through the street naked.

C.He doubted Archimedes carried out the experiment independently.

D.He thought Archimedes would not have used the method described.

3.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

A.The word “eureka” is still widely used today.

B.The word “eureka” is now a formal scientific term.

C.Most people accept the authenticity of the original story.

D.People are still inspired by the achievements of Archimedes.

4.What is the purpose of this text?

A.To introduce the famous scientist Archimedes.

B.To examine the credibility of the eureka story.

C.To explain how the word “eureka” was created.

D.To urge people not to use the word “eureka” anymore.

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The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East, and allowed the exchange of goods, technology, and ideas between the two civilizations. Although merchants could make huge profits travelling the road, it was not without risk.

The main Silk Road started in Chang’an (known today as Xi’an), the early Han capital. Travelers commencing their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China’s northwestern provinces. After this, they would face the Gobi Desert, arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.

The Gobi Desert, the largest desert in Asia, consists mainly of rocky, hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across, compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts, the Gobi Desert is dry and hot, and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.

So, rest stops were created along the route, allowing travelers to rest, eat and drink. These places also promoted the exchange of goods, and even ideas, amongst the travelers who stopped there. Usually, the rest stops were placed within a day’s journey of each other. In this way, travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert, which would make them targets for robbers, another danger of the Silk Road.

Once through the Gobi Desert, travelers would continue their journey into Iran, Turkey, and finally Europe. Whilst this part of the journey may have been less dangerous, it is not entirely without its perils.

1.The underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refers to _____.

A.making huge profits B.traveling the Silk Road

C.exchanging goods and ideas D.connecting different civilizations

2.Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts?

A.The desert’s surface was easier to walk on.

B.Camels for transportation were easier to find.

C.It was smaller and could be crossed in less time.

D.There were more natural water sources available.

3.What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert?

A.Travelers were offered free accommodation.

B.They were located around the edges of the desert.

C.Travelers staying there were often attacked by criminals.

D.They were shared by travelers from different countries.

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The origins of the Silk Road.

B.The benefits of the Silk Road.

C.The difficulties faced by Silk Road travelers.

D.The cultural exchanges among Silk Road travelers.

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1.What is true about the Milky Way?

A.There are only stars inside it.

B.There is a black hole at its center.

C.It’s the biggest spiral galaxy in the universe.

D.It takes 100,000 years to get there from Earth.

2.Which of the following is the main factor in categorizing galaxies?

A.Shape. B.Size.

C.Number of stars. D.Distance from the sun.

3.Which of the following galaxies can be classified as irregular?

A.Whale Galaxy — similar to the Milky Way both in size and shape.

B.Cygnus A (3C 405) Galaxy — the brightest egg shape we can observe.

C.Cigar Galaxy — long and narrow galaxy that looks like an ashy cloud.

D.Sunflower Galaxy — galaxy with multiple arms radiating from its bright core.

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Mama and I spend mornings cleaning up the dirt that blows into our house. Mama says all the dust is due to the drought. The dirt sifts into everything. It covers our clothes. We have to wash the dishes before each meal. We rarely drive the truck because Papa fears the dust from the road will ruin the motor.

When my sister, Faye, and I walk to school, we wear kerchiefs over our mouths so we don’t breathe in the dirt. On days when the air is so bad that they close the school, we stay home and help Mama put wet sheets over the windows. But the dirt always finds a way in.

Last Sunday, there was no dirt in the air, only bright spring sunshine and a clear blue sky. After lunch, Papa headed out to the field to check on the cattle while I played with Faye in the yard. The temperature suddenly dropped. I looked to the west and saw a huge black cloud of dust.

All the birds flew away. “I must warn Papa,” I thought to myself. To avoid her panicking, I gently told Faye to go back inside where she would be safe, and then headed off to the field.

The storm hit so fast, and in an instant the day turned into night. By the time I entered the cow field the fine sand was whipping across my face. I screamed for Papa, hoping my voice would lead him back.

The dirt and sand stung my skin like a thousand bees. Although I was terrified, I refused to turn back. My dad was stranded and needed my help. Covering my face with one hand, I groped my way toward the truck and opened the door. First I tried turning the truck’s lights on and off, hoping that Papa would see them flashing, but the sandstorm let no light escape. Then I pushed the horn again and again, so Papa would hear it. I pushed until I had no more strength in my arms.

Suddenly, Papa’s face appeared at the window. My heart leaped with surprise and relief. He opened the door and climbed onto the seat next to me. He then pulled me into his arms and said, “Oh, Iris, you saved me!”

Finally, the wind subsided and the dust began to settle. Dirt was piled up to the window on one side of the truck and halfway up the door on the other. Papa kicked against the door, opening it far enough to let us out.

Sand and soil drifts were everywhere, but we were safe.

1.What is the main function of the first two paragraphs?

A.It describes a problem the characters must solve.

B.It establishes the setting where the story takes place.

C.It introduces the characters that will follow in the story.

D.It explains the motivations for the characters’ later actions.

2.Why did Papa go to the field that Sunday?

A.He was trying to get to his truck.

B.He needed to prepare the field for harvest.

C.He wanted to make sure the animals were fine.

D.He planned to bring in the cattle before the storm.

3.How did Iris save her father?

A.By warning him to run away. B.By turning on the truck’s lights.

C.By guiding him towards the shelter. D.By screaming his name at the top of her voice.

4.Which of the following words best describe Iris?

A.Brave and calm. B.Experienced and confident.

C.Adventurous and careful. D.Fearless and sympathetic

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单词填空

1.Peter and Paul had got p______________ from their parents to camp in a field close to their farm.

2.The girl could learn from the living examples to e____________ (建立) a sense of security.

3.The accident left the boy s___________ (严重地) brain-damaged and almost totally relied on others.

4.Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment, and the m__________ (大多数) of us take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.

5.He never a_________ (采纳) others’ advice so that he always makes mistakes.

6.Don’t worry. I have already arranged the t_____________ from the airport to your hotel. The drive will give you a call when he arrives.

7.They wanted to find out whether there was a doctor a___________(prep.) the ship.

8.This small town is the country’s top mountain-hiking d______________.

9.The government has taken some measures to prevent some factories from r____________ poisonous gases into the air

10.Too much screen time may d______________ (损坏) children’s eyesight.

11.The students usually have lunch in the school c_______________ (学校食堂).

12.S_______________ (可持续的) development is the common target of human beings.

13.Don’t give up. Instead, you should always take a positive a_____________ towards your future.

14.This holiday b_____________ (小册子) can give you all the information you need.

15.I have no time to e____________ (参与) in gossip (闲话，流言), so please don’t come to me with your rumors and complaints.

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Some people say that friendship is the only channel through which human beings can ever experience the value of life. In our daily life, it is likely that you share some common interests with others — they may like the same sport, go to the same school or like the same kind of music as you do. Since you often meet them, they become your acquaintances. Although some people develop many acquaintances, only a few become their good friends in their lifetime because there are differences between acquaintances and friends.

It is said that true friendship begins when someone knows what you are really like, but still likes you anyway. A true friend shows loyalty from the very beginning of the relationship. A friend will go through challenges to help you without expecting anything in return. A “friend” today may probably become a “true friend” tomorrow when they get involved in unexpected circumstances together with you — for example, when you are going through a difficult experience and your friend is there to help you out. However, some acquaintances might leave you when you badly need their help. At this time, you can experience what true friendship is.

In our life, some people seem to go through life with plenty of friends. They may be funny or they may have a bright and pleasant personality. For these people, wherever they go, people seem to like them and welcome their company. But when they go through challenging life experiences, some of their friends are not there to help them. Therefore we can say some of their friends are not real friends and their friendship is just skin-deep.

However, others seem to go through life with no friends at all. They like to be alone, to travel by themselves or to do their own things. It’s a pity that few of these people find success in life because they have no friends. They lack the best gift in life — friendship.

1.According to the passage, which of the following statements about acquaintances is TRUE?

A.They have all of the same interests as you do.

B.You seldom meet them in your life.

C.They are sure to become your good friends.

D.Not all of them can become your friends.

2.According to the passage you may get to know the meaning of friendship better when you ________.

A.go to the same school as your friend

B.get into trouble

C.enjoy the same kind of music as your friend

D.see your friend often

3.We know from the passage that ________.

A.it doesn’t matter whether one has friends or not

B.people with bright personality are easy to have friends

C.people without friends are always unhappy

D.it’s easier to lose a friend than to get one

4.What does the underlined word “skin-deep” in the third paragraph mean?

A.Very deep. B.Not deep at all.

C.As precious as skin. D.Hidden under the skin.

5.What’s the writer’s attitude towards people without friends in their life?

A.Interested. B.Angry.

C.Hopeful. D.Regretful.

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During the high school career, students may begin to question the importance of a college education. They might find themselves asking, “Why is it important to go to college?” The answer is that, more than ever, college graduates enjoy much greater opportunities available to them than those who have not received a college education.

For many high school students, being able to immediately generate an income after graduation is an appealing thought. They may also be affected by the rising cost of tuition, and while it is true that a higher education may be one of the largest expenses you will ever face, the importance of a college education has become quite evident in terms of earning potential within today’s economy.

Why should you go to college? One important answer to this question is more opportunity. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are unable to obtain high-paying jobs that were once available. The U.S. has been transformed from a manufacturing-based economy to an economy based on knowledge, and the importance of a college education today can be compared to that of a high school education forty years ago. It serves as the gateway to better options and more opportunity.

There are additional reasons as to why it is important to go to college. When students experience a post secondary education, they have the opportunity to read books and listen to the lectures of top experts in their fields. This encourages students to think, ask questions, and explore new ideas, which allows for additional growth and development and provides college graduates with more opportunities in the job market over those who have not experienced a higher education.

The importance of a college education is also stressed because of the opportunity to gain valuable resources during the study. The more connections which are collected during your college career, the more options you will have when you begin your job search. Once you have ended your job search and have started your career, however, the importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often provides for greater promotion opportunity.

So, why should you go to college? The reasoning does not begin and end with the job aspect. A good education is beneficial from many different viewpoints, and though the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.

1.Why do some high school graduates prefer working to college study?

A.To obtain high-paying jobs. B.To earn money at an early age.

C.To spend less money on tuition. D.To adapt to the knowledge-based society.

2.The author most likely agrees with the idea that ____.

A.too much time is spent on lectures in college study

B.high school education is a gateway to more opportunity

C.college graduates gain more chances over others in job market

D.a college degree guarantees promotion in American companies

3.What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph after the last paragraph of the passage?

A.Refusing college education. B.Changing college education.

C.Receiving college education. D.Affording college education.

4.What can be the best title for the passage?

A.Importance of college education. B.Education means opportunity.

C.Which is more important, job or education? D.How to survive in the college.

5.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

A. B.

C. D.

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That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theater. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.

As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold. I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away any possible robbers(抢劫犯). Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.

About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did I realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.

Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back to where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found.

Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck(垃圾车) pull up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?” I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eyes. “Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.

It was nearly 3 a.m. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that night, but I had got my wallet back. I also had got back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.

1.How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?

A.Cold and sick. B.Lucky and hopeful.

C.Satisfied and cheerful. D.Disappointed and helpless.

2.From the first paragraph, we learn that the writer was busy_____.

A.solving her problem at the bank

B.taking part in various city activities

C.learning acting in an evening school

D.preparing for the first night show

3.On her way home the writer_____.

A.lost her wallet unknowingly

B.was stopped by a garbage truck driver

C.was robbed of her wallet by a man with a knife

D.found some homeless people following her

4.In the fifth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming?

A.Someone offered to take her back home.

B.A red-haired man came to see her.

C.She heard someone call her name.

D.Her wallet was found in a garbage truck.

5.From the text, we can infer that the writer_____.

A.would stop working at night

B.would stay on in San Francisco

C.would make friends with cleaners

D.would give up her job at the bank

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A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldn’t move. What was the ______ was that he found himself unable to ask for help—his mobile phone went out of ______ as a result of exhausted battery (电池). Nothing could be done but ______ in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day broke, and then the _____ of the rescue (救援).

It is almost ______ that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his ______: “First of all I checked up my ______ conditions and found myself not in fatal (致命的) danger. As there was no ______ to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from ______. In this way I dozed (打盹) off.”

His story put an end to my regret for the ______ of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men ______ to explore a mountain cave and got lost. ____ to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of ______. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the ______ people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the ______ of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to ______ themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering (闪烁) not far away.

Don’t you think that you can compare it with ______ itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work, you are lost in darkness. Mind you (请你注意) it’s ______ yet and you needn’t put up struggle ______. It seems to be a negative attitude; ______ a person who can afford to do so must have foresight (预见) as well as great courage in the first place.

1.A.hopeless B.worst C.more D.best

2.A.place B.way C.order D.work

3.A.cry B.lie C.wait D.sleep

4.A.delay B.success C.team D.arrival

5.A.untrue B.unimaginable C.true D.useless

6.A.plan B.decision C.explanation D.excuse

7.A.physical B.mental C.working D.medical

8.A.method B.way C.alternative D.strength

9.A.rotting B.spreading C.hurting D.bleeding

10.A.loss B.failure C.disappointment D.sadness

11.A.had B.managed C.tried D.planned

12.A.Willing B.Unable C.Determined D.Deciding