There’s more fresh water hidden below Earth’s surface in underground aquifers (含水层) than any other source besides the ice sheets. That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide, keeping them running even when droughts bring their waters low.

But in recent decades humans have pumped trillions of gallons out of those underground reservoirs. In a new research, water experts and scientists are taking a global look at where groundwater is already being extracted at such a rate that it has caused water levels to drop so much in rivers and streams that they will slip into the ecological danger zone.

Much of that water is being removed much faster than it can be refilled. That has enormous potential consequences for people and crops in areas that don’t get enough rain. But far before those impacts emerge, the effects will fiercely hit rivers, streams, and the habitats around them. Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point, says Inge de Graaf, the lead author of the research. “We can really consider this ecological effect like a ticking time bomb,” she says. “If we pump the groundwater now, we don’t see the impacts until like 10 years further or even longer.”

But the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated. As a baseline, they used the global water demand in 2010 and spun their climate model forward to predict how stresses on groundwater systems might develop. But as populations swell and the demand for food rises, those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change, speeding along the extraction from underground water sources.

The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years, if not decades, to become visible. Changes in rain have immediate, obvious effects on river flow. When it pours, rivers often rage. But groundwater is hidden and changes don’t always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to “wait for the perfect moment”. That makes aquifer management issues extra challenging. In the meantime, rivers and streams are the signal that says we’re using water in an unsustainable fashion, we need to take a hard look at what we’re doing.”.

1.The underground water is of critical importance to rivers due to the fact that ________.

A.it helps to maintain the same water level of rivers

B.it stops the running of rivers during dry spells

C.it leaves rivers drying out due to droughts

D.it ensures the flow of rivers throughout the year

2.The phrase “slip into the ecological danger zone” (in the second paragraph) suggests that ________.

A.it is thrilling to explore the ecological danger zone

B.pumping underground water is convenient though dangerous

C.the underground water level has dropped to an alarming level

D.the constant drop of water level prevents people feeling secure

3.Why does the author say “the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated” (in the fourth paragraph)?

A.Because the water demand data in 2010 was not accurate.

B.Because the water demand has soared ever since 2010.

C.Because the water demand was not stressful in 2010.

D.Because the water demand prediction didn’t consider climate change.

4.Over-pumping groundwater doesn’t show immediate effect because _________.

A.the changes are waiting for a heavy rain

B.underground water is used sustainably

C.the changes take longer to come to light

D.underground water is inexhaustible

    FitQuest 2000         Price: $199        Available: Most large department stores.

The following is a consumer report published in Fitness Journal

1.According to the Consumer Report, the FitQuest 2000 is an ideal model for potential users because ________.

A.it boasts far more workout options than similar models

B.it takes less than 10 minutes to assemble and unpack

C.it proves really convenient to operate and adjust

D.it outperforms any gym models though a lot cheaper

2.The FitQuest 2000 warranty does not include ________.

A.machines which have a manufacturing defect

B.machines that fail structurally during normal usage

C.shipping or packaging charges for returned items

D.fees paid to workers for their repair work

3.A customer can still get full refunds if he doesn’t ________.

A.return the machine within 30 days after purchase

B.pack the machine in the original box

C.enclose a clear copy of the original sales receipt

D.justify his dissatisfaction with the machine

4.The article is mainly written to ________.

A.persuade the readers of the machine’s good value for money

B.courage the readers to find out more about fitness

C.convince the readers to subscribe to the Fitness Journal magazine

D.discourage the readers from working out in the gyms

    FIRE plays an important role in maintaining woodland ecosystems but fire introduced to undergrowth too often destroys too much; as humans remain the leading cause of wildfire, the responsibility to minimize the damage done falls on our shoulders. Here are four man-made fires that highlight the mission to fight fire and help to replant the world’s forests to counter the effects of deforestation.

Heilongjiang Fire—China, 1987

One of the largest fires ever to occur in history, the Heilongiiang Fire devoured three million acres of forest in the Greater Khingan Range. Reports attributed the fire’s easy spread to dry conditions in the area-but it was excessive logging activity without any effort to let the forest regrow that really let it rage unhindered. 34,000 soldiers were deployed to put the fire out, and 33,000 people were left homeless.

Wallow Fire—USA, 2011

Still the largest wildfire in Arizona’s history, Wallow got its name when two men accidentally started it while camping in the Bear Wallow Wilderness. Their campfire blew out of control and burned through over half a million acres of land, costing $72 million to extinguish, and a further $37 million to clean up and rebuild after the damage. More than 6,000 people had to be evacuated.

Uttarakhand fires—India, 2016

Throughout the year, man-made fires plagued the pine forests of the Uttarakhand Region. Widespread media coverage eventually spurred the government on to intervene, sending Indian Air Force helicopters to put them out. It’s suspected that these increased numbers could be the result of honey or seed collectors trying to frighten off animals.

Brandenburg Fire—Germany, 2018

Largely thanks to longer, dryer summers than usual—the forested area of Brandenburg, Germany, caught alight. Results of investigation suggested that evidence pointed to arson (纵火). Brandenburg lost nearly 1,000 acres of its forested land and three nearby villages had to be evacuated. A choking, smoky haze drifted twelve miles to Berlin, causing residents to have to shut themselves in their home.

1.The underlined word “counter” in the first paragraph has the closest meaning to ________.

A.reverse B.multiply

C.achieve D.enhance

2.Which of the following is true about the four fires?

A.The dry condition of the Greater Khingan Range was mainly responsible for the rage of Heilongjiang Fire.

B.A total of $72 million was poured in putting out the Wallow Fire alone.

C.Uttarakhand fires claimed so many lives that Air Force helicopters came to the rescue.

D.Excessive heat from the Brandenburg Fire confined the residents nearby to their homes.

3.The most suitable title for this passage might be ________.

A.hot weather setting the globe on fire

B.forest blazes caused by human hands

C.forest fires consuming people and money

D.uncontained forest fires raging worldwide

    India announced a complete ban on the sale of all e-cigarettes, saying the products posed a health risk, especially to young people.

Some 35 million people around the world are believed to be using e-cigarettes or the newer heat-not-burn products. They are popular among smokers in many places who are trying to kick the habit, as they _________ the urge for nicotine while removing exposure to the tar and toxins of burned tobacco. These novel _________ come with attractive appearances and multiple flavors and their use has increased enormously and has _________ epidemic proportions in developed countries, especially among youth and children.

Unfortunately, though e-cigarettes got promoted _________ as a way in which people can get out of the habit of smoking cigarettes, many people worry they’re _________ new addictions to nicotine, particularly among young people.

“It is time that we immediately made a decision so that the health of our citizens, of our young, is not _________ to a risk, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said Wednesday after a Cabinet meeting. Sitharaman said the outbreak of lung injuries associated with e-cigarettes had added to local _________ about the impact of e-cigarettes on people’s health. Hundreds of people are being _________ for lung illness in 36 US states and researchers are investigating if those illnesses are related to the use of e-cigarettes. _________, an emergency ordinance (法令) banning the use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) will be __________ in the coming days. The ordinance will be taken up during the next session of Parliament and converted into law.

Sitharaman added that the ban would __________ e-cigarette production, manufacturing, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement. It includes all forms of ENDS, heat-not-burn products and e-hookah devices, according to a press release. People who __________ the ban once could face up to one year in prison or a fine of 100,000 rupees ($1,400) or both. __________ e-cigarettes would also be punishable with up to six months in prison and a 50,000-rupee ($700) fine.

The nationwide __________ came after almost a dozen Indian states had taken similar action. Vendors with existing stock will have to declare and deposit their __________ e-cigarettes and cartridges at the nearest police station, the statement added.

1.A.resist B.satisfy C.desire D.survive

2.A.bans B.devices C.risks D.sales

3.A.elevated B.reserved C.acquired D.deprived

4.A.sensibly B.initially C.accidentally D.reliably

5.A.polishing B.paving C.rejecting D.creating

6.A.thrown B.addicted C.accustomed D.entitled

7.A.passions B.charged C.requests D.concerns

8.A.secured B.charged C.treated D.granted

9.A.Currently B.Accordingly C.Lately D.Previously

10.A.issued B.relieved C.realized D.approached

11.A.bridge B.liberate C.disclose D.cover

12.A.violate B.regulate C.lift D.disapprove

13.A.Banning B.Smoking C.Storing D.Refusing

14.A.option B.move C.applause D.rescue

15.A.expensive B.scarce C.remaining D.fake

Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

Facebook to buy tech start-up working on mind control technology

TECH giant Facebook announced it has made a deal with a start-up company working on technology that will allow users to make computer commands using their mind 1. of more traditional methods like taps and keystrokes.

CTRL-Labs will become part of Facebook Reality Labs with an aim of perfecting the technology and 2. (build) it into consumer products, according to Andrew Bosworth, vice president of augmented reality and virtual reality at the social media company. “We spend a lot of time trying to get our technology 3. (do) what we want rather than enjoying the people around us. We know there are more natural, intuitive ways to interact with devices and technology,” he said in 4. online post.

The wristband will decode electrical impulses 5. (send) to hand muscles, telling them to move in certain ways. The vision for this work is a wristband 6. lets people control their devices as a natural extension of movement. Here’s how it 7. (work): You have neurons in your spinal cord that send electrical signals to your hand muscles telling them to move in specific ways such as to click a mouse or press a button.

The wristband will decode those signals and translate them into a digital signal your device 8. understand, empowering you with control over your digital life. It captures your intention so you can share a photo with a friend using an unperceivable movement or just by, well, intending to. Bosworth also explains how thought-commanded interactions might dramatically alter 9. people experience virtual reality scenarios, which currently feature hand-held controls. 10. Facebook hasn’t disclosed financial terms of the deal to buy the New York-based CTRL-labs so far, unconfirmed media reports said it paid more than $500 million.

假设你是高二学生李华，你所居住的城市正在争创全国文明城市（National Civilized City），作为一个有责任心的市民，你注意到了两个有待改进的现象，即共享单车（shared bike）随意摆放；行人车辆时有抢道。请你给市长写封信，建议关注这两个问题并提出你的相应整改措施。

注意：开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mayor,

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Yours Sincerely,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

(2)只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an art orphanage or had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another the twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children until they grew up, and the results were shocked. The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently. The only differences between these children -- the love, made a great difference to us.

    For me personally, I could write for days about many different situations where adversity (逆境)______ my life. Now let me tell you one experience where I almost let adversity ______.

We had a glass studio, which was located 50 feet from our home. A couple of years ago we experienced an _____ winter; we had a lot of snow and ice. The ____  of the ice and snow______ the roof on our studio, taking with it one of our sources of income. ______ it did fall down, we got on the roof and tried to  ____ the snow and ice, but when you have 5 feet of ice and temperatures of minus 20 Celsius, it was pretty ______ to do.

We had a partner come in to help us try to ______ the roof by supporting. In the end, there was ______ that could be done. The roof came down. We had moved a lot of our goods and tools from the studio ______ we lost a lot also: glass, kilns, workbenches, to name only a few of the items. It was a ______  experience.

Here we were in the middle of winter with our studio collapsed. We couldn't work as we had almost______ all the material in a building we were not using. We could have done one of two things: we could simply say that we can no longer  _____ our glass business. Let me tell you that this was certainly a thought that  ______ our mind. Or we could find a way to get our studio back up and running.

We picked the _______ option. We had a large barn that we were not using. So we renovated (翻新) the barn, _____ our working area and today we have a nicer studio than we ______ had. If the adversity we were ______ had not happened, we probably would ______ be working in the old studio — a studio that was less efficient.

1.A.prevented B.influenced C.damaged D.promoted

2.A.suffer B.win C.escape D.work

3.A.awkward B.awesome C.awful D.agreeable

4.A.size B.weight C.height D.temperature

5.A.destroyed B.limited C.pressed D.struck

6.A.Although B.Unless C.Before D.When

7.A.remove B.reduce C.recycle D.replace

8.A.worthwhile B.tough C.rewarding D.annoying

9.A.examine B.test C.restore D.secure

10.A.nothing B.enough C.all D.something

11.A.for B.but C.or D.so

12.A.vain B.valid C.treasured D.disastrous

13.A.displayed B.arranged C.piled D.presented

14.A.conduct B.predict C.instruct D.quit

15.A.approached B.cleared C.crossed D.comforted

16.A.easier B.former C.further D.latter

17.A.redesigned B.evaluated C.organized D.reserved

18.A.desperately B.previously C.eventually D.hopefully

19.A.aware of B.concerned about C.cautious about D.faced with

20.A.ever B.already C.still D.even

    Recently, I’ve been following a simple rule that is helping me crush procrastination(拖延症) and making it easier for me to stick to good habits at the same time．1. There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule.

Part 1—If it takes less than two minutes，then do it now．

2. For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on．

If a task takes less than two minutes to complete，then follow the rule and do it right now．

Part 2—When you start a new habit，it should take less than two minutes to do．

Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．3.

It might sound like this strategy is too basic for grand life goals，but I beg to differ．The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life．4. I love the 2-Minute Rule because it embraces the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started．

The most important part of any new habit is getting started—not just the first time，but each time．It’s not about performance，it’s about consistently taking action．

I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．5. Anyone can spare the next 120 seconds．Use this time to get one thing done．Go．

A. I call this little strategy the “2-Minute Rule”．

B. And that’s the purpose behind this little rule．

C. Here’s what you need to know to stop procrastinating．

D. Once you start doing something，it’s easier to continue doing it．

E. But，I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it．

F. The goal is to make it easier for you to get started on the things you should be doing．

G. It’s surprising how many things we put off that we could get done in two minutes or less．

    Scientists have created a scent(气味)-delivery system that releases a pleasant fragrance when you sweat. Apply it to your skin, and the more you sweat, the better you’ll smell. That’s because the perfume only gets released upon contact with moisture(湿气).

Chemists from Harvard University combined two compounds(化合物) to create their new system. One chemical is alcohol-based. This is the nice-smelling perfume. The other chemical is an ionic liquid(离子性液体), which is a type of salt that is liquid at room temperature. Ionic liquids are made of ions---molecules that have lost or gained one or more electrons. If the molecule loses electrons, it will have a positive charge. If it gains electrons, it gets a negative charge. Ionic liquids contain the same number of positive and negative ions, which makes them neutral(中性的), with no overall electric charge. In general, ionic liquids have no smell.

When the perfume and ionic liquid are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs. This bonds the molecules to each other. The reaction also temporarily inactivates(使不活跃) the perfume’s molecules. So when applied to the skin, the new perfume has no scent in the beginning. But adding water or sweat breaks the bond between the molecules. That releases the scent into the air.

“The rate of the release of the fragrance depends on how much you sweat, in other words, how much water is available,” explains chemist Nimal Gunaratne from Harvard University, who led the research. “Sweat is like the command to let the fragrance go.”

Christian Quellet is a chemist who has worked in the perfume industry for a long time. He is now an independent consultant based in Switzerland. “Gunaratne’s perfume opens the door to new developments and applications of fragrance controlled-release systems,” he says. Controlled-release systems allow small quantities of some compounds that they hold to enter the environment slowly.

The system also traps some chemicals in sweat that are responsible for the bad sweat smell. These compounds are called thiols (硫醇). Just as water does, thiols break apart the bond that ties the perfume to the ionic liquid. When this happens, the thiols attach to the ionic liquid and their bad scent is inactivated as the perfume had been. This means the water in sweat and its thiols are both able to release the fragrance from the newly developed perfume.

1.Which of the following makes the scent delivery system special?

A.When it releases scent can be well controlled.

B.No perfume is required in the system.

C.The scent can last for a long time.

D.Sweat can help release the scent.

2.The scent is released into the air when ________.

A.the perfume comes into contact with the skin

B.the perfume and ionic liquid contact each other

C.the perfume’s molecules are inactivated by water

D.sweat activates the molecules of the perfume in the mixture

3.What Nimal Gunaratne says in Paragraph 4 suggests that with this scent-delivery system _____.

A.the more you sweat, the better you will smell

B.the perfume can’t always cover the bad smell.

C.how much water is available doesn’t matter much

D.how you smell depends on how much perfume you use

4.What is Christian Quellet’s attitude towards Gunaratne’s new perfume?

A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.

    Close your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.

With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the world's 42 million, blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries possess most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.

ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the world's only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation among countries.

ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 3,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plan programs in China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province. ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.

For just US$38, you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again. Your money can open their eyes to the world. Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.

1.The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A.direct the public's attention to the blind

B.advise the public to lead a simple life

C.introduce a new way of reading

D.encourage the public to use imagination

2.What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?

A.They are adequate.

B.They have not been updated.

C.They are not equally distributed.

D.They have benefited most of the blind.

3.ORBIS aims to help the blind by _______.

A.teaching medical students

B.training doctors and nurses

C.running flying hospitals globally

D.setting up non-profit organization

4.What can be the best title for the passage?

A.ORBIS Flying Hospital B.Fighting Blindness

C.ORBIS in China D.Sight-seeing Techniques

    A new “paparazzi-proof” scarf has got heatedly welcomed since launched. A new “paparazzi-proof” scarf could be a game-changer for celebrities who prefer to shy away from the stage light. The ISHU scarf is the creation of Dutch-born fashion entrepreneur Saif Siddiqui and is designed to “give people their right to privacy back”. A host of celebrities including Cameron Diaz, singer Joe Jonas, Bayern Munich footballer Jerome Boateng and music producer Major Lazer have worn the ISHU after it was spotted at London Fashion Week last year.

It works by reflecting the light back into a camera, effectively becoming “invisibility clothes” for celebrities who don’t want their photos taken. Anyone wearing the scarf is protected from mobile flash photograph, with the fashion accessory’s fabric (附件结构) effectively blocking out any unwanted pictures, although it doesn’t stop no-flash photographs from being taken.

The 28-year-old Siddiqui was inspired while visiting family in Amsterdam in 2009 when his friends attempted to take a photo of him using an iPhone in front of some bikes. “He noticed that the bike’s reflector carried the flash of his mobile camera in a way that confused the faces of his friends in the picture.” the ISHU website explains. “He immediately realized that if developed into the right product, this feature would be an ideal solution for his friends and is now available to the public who want to keep their private moments in public private. “Saif put together a team of experts who dug into the science of light and reflection, and how to blend technology with fashion.”

He told Decoded Magazine: “The ISHU scarf effectively allows an individual to control what pictures and videos are taken of him. “There are no more unwanted pictures and videos on Snapchat, Instagram, or Facebook! Everyone carries a phone with them nowadays that has an amazing camera. So, it all made sense to me.” More ISHU products are set to launch in August, with mobile phone cases set to launch in the next few weeks. The ISHU is currently sold out but you can pre-order it online for ￡289.

1.The underlined phrase “shy away” in paragraph 1 means __________.

A.hide B.shame

C.take D.fly

2.Why did Saif design the “paparazzi-proof” scarf?

A.To help protect people’s privacy. B.To make a rich profit from the celebrities.

C.Because the scarf is to get a heated welcome. D.To dig into the science of light and reflection.

3.How did Saif get the creative idea of producing scarves?

A.He was inspired by the photographs of bike.

B.He was inspired when his friends attempted to take a photo of him.

C.He was inspired when finding his friends’ picture was not ideal.

D.He was inspired while cycling with his family members.

4.Which of the following statement might be true?

A.The paparazzi-proof scarf can prevent any unwanted pictures being taken.

B.There might be fewer unwanted pictures and videos on internet.

C.ISHU will be only used to effectively control pictures taken.

D.Customers will mainly buy ISHU products online.

    The National Beekeeping Centre Wales is a free attraction in the countryside that teaches children about the importance of honeybees – with the chance to try lots of local honeys.

This friendly visitor centre is a supporter of Welsh honeybees, which are increasingly under threat from climate change and loss of wildflower meadows. It raises visitors’ awareness of environmental issues and shows the 4,000-year history of beekeeping and honey-making from the ancient Egyptians to the Romans. A Hive Aid scheme lets you adopt a beehive (from £50 per person), and regular courses (from £60 per person) train new generations of beekeepers.

Fun fact

Bees pollinate about a third of everything we eat and play an important role in sustaining our ecosystems. In economic terms, honeybee pollination could be worth up to £200m to the UK alone.

What about lunch?

Next door is the Furnace Tearoom, part of the Bodnant Welsh Food Centre, which serves light bites – wraps (卷饼), fruit salads (£7) and coffee. And the nearby Pavilion Restaurant at the National Trust’s Bodnant Garden has cooked food, including baked potatoes (£5) and daily specials such as local casseroles (焙盘) with bread rolls (£6), plus coffee and cakes.

Exit through the gift shop

There is a range of bee-themed gifts in our gift shop, including bee toys (£2), wooden honey candy (£2) and a selection of honeys all made by Welsh producers (£5). The bestselling Bodnant honey (£8) goes fast.

Getting here

We are located just off the A470 on the Bodnant Estate in the Conwy Valley, and 10 minutes from the A55 north Wales coast road. Follow the brown signs just after Bodnant Gardens.

Value for money

Visits and activities for kids are free, though donations are welcome. Taster days (from £60) and the weekend beekeeping course (£80 per person) are held at Abergwyngregyn village, 10 miles west down the A55.

Opening hours

The Visitor Centre opens daily from 10 am --- 4pm but it is volunteer-run, so phone ahead to check. Expect lots of fun activities around the annual Conwy Honey Fair.

1.What do we know about the National Beekeeping Centre Wales?

A.It makes money mainly by selling local honeys.

B.It invites visitors to adopt a beehive for free.

C.It’s an educational center about beekeeping.

D.It shows visitors Wales’ long wildflower meadows history.

2.Where is the National Beekeeping Centre Wales?

A.In the village of Abergwyngregyn.

B.Opposite Bodnant Gardens.

C.Off the A55 Wales coast road.

D.Next to the A470 on the Bodnant Estate.

3.How much would you have to pay for the weekend course and two bee toys?

A.£ 64. B.£ 76. C.£ 84. D.£ 96.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What does the woman want?

A.A less complicated life. B.More crazy things in life. C.A more comfortable car.

2.What does the man say about fisherwomen?

A.They dress up sometimes.

B.They wear ugly shoes.

C.They don’t wear fancy shoes.

3.According to the man, what does the woman like to do?

A.Eat simple food. B.Go to concerts. C.Stay on the beach.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What is the man asking the woman to do?

A.Visit Florida. B.Move to New York. C.Move to Florida.

2.What is the woman mainly worried about?

A.The heat. B.Too many insects. C.Falling into the ground.

3.Where did the woman hear about the holes?

A.From a newspaper. B.From her daughters. C.From her other grandchildren.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A.A new city library. B.Their math homework. C.Their college library.

2.What did the speakers usually do in the library before?

A.Read novels. B.Read magazines. C.Did their homework.

3.Why does the man probably want to have coffee?

A.He is tired.

B.He misses the old days.

C.He wants to meet the math professor there.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.Where does the jacket come from?

A.An online shop. B.A little store in Paris. C.The woman made it herself.

2.What will the man do?

A.Get some information online.

B.Order some flowers for Mother’s Day.

C.Find his wife another present.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What is the man’s job?

A.A soldier. B.A police captain. C.A professional athlete.

2.Who is Christina?

A.The woman. B.The man’s mother. C.The man’s daughter.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What is the boy wearing?

A.A new style of jeans B.Shoes that are not tied. C.A special kind of tie.

2.How old is the boy?

A.He’s in middle school. B.He’s in high school. C.He’s in college.

假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Tom与你约好这周末去爬山，你临时接到通知要参加戏曲节目演出排练，不能如期赴约。请根据以下要点给Tom写封邮件，内容包括:

1.表达歉意；

2.说明不能赴约的原因；

3.邀请他观看演出排练。

注意:1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:rehearse vt. 排练，排演

Dear Tom,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中有十处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出添加的单词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词；

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Nowadays, the computer technology develops very fast that the Internet has become more and more popular. Some students regarded it as a great helper. Because there has a lot of information online, so you can surf the Internet for any information you need in a short time without working hard in the library. This is also very convenient to talk to others by using the Internet. Moreover, other students think that there is some information online that is not good for students. In addition, spend too much time playing games will not only have a bad effect on their studies but also do harm health. Therefore, we should make properly use of the Internet. It is of great important to separate good plants from wild weeds.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In recent years many TV shows have become 1. (extreme) popular among Chinese audience. Those programs, ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows 2. (receive) both commercial success and public attention.

Their popularity is mainly based 3. simple facts. First, they care about social concerns. Second, without exception, they explore 4. perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.

Despite apparent highlights, much room 5. (leave) for improvement. Above all, commercial interests often outweigh educational purposes, causing many 6. (complain) about the 7. (bearable) advertisements. In addition, some sharp remarks, although they are eye-catching, may have 8. (mislead) effects on the youth.

9. far as I am concerned, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely entertaining the public. 10. is expected that these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions. Meanwhile, the media should also safeguard the values of our society.

    Last year, I had a hard time: I was ______ by all the colleges I applied to. It’s not that I was a bad ______. So when I got turned down, I got into a______. I thought there was only one path to ______, and I wasn’t on it. While all my friends have many choices, I was left ______ what future I could have.

When my panic ______, I signed in community college. I wasn’t ______. I thought the incompetent teachers would ______ their students’ sleep in class. I was so wrong. The ______ of my professors were so poetic, and my classmates were ______, who could figure out kinds of difficult things.

I decided to give myself a year of ______. Aside from general education, I ______ a range of classes. I know it seems like some ______ classes, but it allowed me to ______ what I want. I used to have this idea that I had to rush to ______ a certain level of success by a certain age. But a year of community college has taught me to ______, and to recognize that things take time to ______. I still hope to transfer to a four-year ______ next year, but when I am a more mature person.

Being around the ______ has made me realize that I’m not late ______. There’s more than one way to get where you want to be.

1.A.accused B.praised C.accepted D.refused

2.A.student B.child C.headmaster D.colleague

3.A.mess B.panic C.trouble D.dilemma

4.A.inspiration B.progress C.success D.destruction

5.A.facing B.predicting C.doubting D.wondering

6.A.faded B.burdened C.balanced D.transferred

7.A.excited B.tired C.worried D.shocked

8.A.offer B.guide C.ignore D.lead

9.A.notes B.methods C.voices D.lectures

10.A.friendly B.intelligent C.excellent D.polite

11.A.experiment B.experience C.effort D.exploration

12.A.bought B.took C.studied D.elected

13.A.random B.suitable C.comprehensive D.basic

14.A.care for B.choose from C.know about D.put on

15.A.expect B.enjoy C.achieve D.finish

16.A.look for B.give up C.turn on D.slow down

17.A.concern B.provide C.satisfy D.adjust

18.A.club B.university C.school D.organization

19.A.children B.workmates C.classmates D.friends

20.A.hardly B.entirely C.generally D.rarely

    I want the world to be a better one because I am in it. However, “changing the world” isn’t easy. Here are some great ways to change it for the better.

Smile at Everyone.

1.. Smile at people--the folks on the bus, or the receptionist at the office, for instance. Depending on your culture, you might feel a bit awkward or shy at first. 2.. People would respond brilliantly to a smile. Take it further: Give out free hugs.

Write a Letter to Someone You Love.

If a letter takes too long, write a card or postcard to your parents, or a relative who you don’t see often but who you care deeply about. 3.. Take it further: Write to a sick child, or a stranger in trouble. Your letter or card could make his or her day special.

4..

Being creative is a good way. It’s not necessarily big things-but your poem, painting, special recipe, blog post, etc. may impress others. Take it further: Offer your creative skills to a local youth group, school or retirement home. You could play a game, run a class, organize a concert...

Say “Thank you”.

Saying a heartfelt “thank you” means a huge amount to someone. If you’re a manager at work, take time to thank your men for what they do. 5.. Take it further: Write, phone or email someone in your community to thank them for the role they play.

A. Let them know how special they are to you.

B. Keeping writing will surely improve your social skills.

C. Give it a try anyway!

D. In your family, appreciate your partner, parents or kids.

E. It’s such a tiny thing, but it really does work.

F. Speak less and do more.

G. Create something unique.

    The United Nations Environment Program is calling for urgent action to reduce growing risks from chemicals. Better management of chemicals could save millions of lives and billions of dollars. As estimated, 143,000 chemicals are now produced. Yet the report says only a small number of these chemicals have been studied for their effects on human health and the environment. It says death and disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.

Sylvie Lemmet, director of the UNEP, says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost. For example, she says the cost is higher than the amount of overseas development aid, or ODA, for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.

She says, “If you look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide (杀虫剂) in sub-Saharan Africa, only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion US dollars in 2009. This is higher than the total ODA that is going to the health part in the same area.”

The UNEP estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around three percent a year until 2050. Chemical production is moving quickly from developed to developing countries. By 2020, chemical production is expected to increase by 40 percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America. One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticide and fertilizer. Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement (水泥) and textiles (纺织品), and dioxin pollution from mining.

The UN report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together to develop safety policies. It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.

1.The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that ______.

A.chemicals have a high production cost

B.Africa needs more development aid

C.the use of pesticide causes a great loss

D.the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide is incorrect

2.Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text?

A.Pesticide. B.Fertilizer.

C.Heavy metals. D.Minerals.

3.According to the text, what is the main reason for the risks from chemicals?

A.The mass production of cement and textiles.

B.Lack of research funds on chemicals.

C.Poor management of chemicals.

D.Contradictions between chemical producers and governments.

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A.The truth in Sylvie Lemmet’s comments

B.A UN warning about chemical dangers

C.The unpredictable future of chemical industry

D.Preventing is much better than fixing

    Over the centuries the French have lost a number of famous battles with the British. However, they’ve always felt superior in the kitchen. France has for centuries had a reputation for cooking excellence, and Britain for some of the worst cooking in the world. But according to a recent survey, that reputation may no longer reflect reality.

In the survey, 71% of the Britons said they cook at home every day, while only 59% of the French said they cook daily. British home cooks spend more time cooking each week and also produce a greater variety of dishes than French home cooks.

The reaction in London was predictably enthusiastic. British food has greatly improved since the 1990s. Once upon a time, the menu for many family meals would have been roast beef, potatoes and over-cooked vegetables, but not now. Home cooks are experimenting with the huge range of ingredients now available in British supermarkets and are preparing all kinds of new dishes, using the cookbooks that sell millions of copies every year. As a result, there’s much more diversity in British food now, compared to French food, which tends to be very traditional.

Some French people say that the survey did not show the whole picture. They agree that during the week French women don’t cook as much as they used to because most of them work and don’t have much time. They tend to buy ready-made or frozen dishes, but many of them make up for it on the weekend. There’s also a difference between Paris and the countryside. It’s true that people in Paris don’t cook much, but elsewhere, cooking is still at the heart of daily life.

For many French people, opinions about British food have not changed. When Bernard Blier, the food editor at a magazine, was asked about British food, he replied: “I don’t go out of my way to try it. It is not very refined. You can say that I’m not a fan at all.”

1.According to the passage, nowadays British people ______.

A.cook less at home than the French every day.

B.no longer eat roast beef and over-cooked vegetables.

C.are more willing to try cooking all kinds of new foods.

D.buy more cookbooks than French people do.

2.What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?

A.French women cook less often now.

B.The French prefer ready-made dishes.

C.French women seldom cook on the weekend.

D.Cooking is at the heart of people’s life in Paris.

3.What is Bernard’s attitude towards British food?

A.He would love to try it. B.He shows no interest in it.

C.He considers it worse than before. D.He considers it better than before.

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.The history of British food. B.The history of French food.

C.The change in British food. D.The change in French food.

    Michael Surrell was the last person who should have run into a burning building－his lungs didn’t function well and were worse recently. But that didn’t stop him.

He had just parked around the corner from his house when he smelled something smoky, and was worrying that his car didn’t work well. At the moment, an urgent call from Alice, his eldest girl, got that across. Shocked and anxious, he then went to the house next door immediately. “Eight-year-old Tiara Roberts is still on the second floor!” one of the women cried. Though the firemen have been called and were on the way, Surrell, then 60, who once experienced such a situation and knew its urgency, ran inside without hesitation. The thick smoke made him almost impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been dangerous for anyone, but for Surrell, they were more serious and life-threatening.

After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he came out. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. Because the house has a similar design to his, he made it to the second floor. His throat and lungs burned as if he had breathed in fire. The smoke hurt his eyes so that his vision was poorer. Then a soft but clear painful sound could be heard. He crawled (爬) toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched a shoe, and then an ankle. She wasn’t breathing. He held her into his arms and stood. He felt the heat of the flames on his cheeks, fought through the burning wood and made their way outside. Surrell put Tiara down on the porch and one neighbor carried out first aid. She coughed and opened her eyes at last.

Tiara survived the fire safely. However, Surrell took extra medication that helped open his airway. “It’s a small price to pay,” he said, “I’d do it again in a heartbeat.”

1.How did Michael Surrell know the fire?

A.He smelled the smoke in the distance. B.He saw the firemen on the way.

C.He heard the call from a woman. D.His daughter telephoned to tell him.

2.Why were the conditions more dangerous for Surrell?

A.Because he was old. B.Because he lacked experience.

C.Because his vision was poor. D.Because he had lung disease.

3.Which word can describe Surrell’s first attempt?

A.Useless. B.Successful.

C.Hopeless. D.Surprising.

4.What can be learned about Surrell while he was saving Tiara?

A.His cheeks were hurt by flames. B.He lost the way to the second floor.

C.He took pains to confirm the girl’s position. D.His first aid knowledge helped save the girl.

    After a day’s hiking, a comfortable place to bed down for the night feels like heaven. Here are four best places that offer more than just bed and breakfast. Click the websites for more if you’re interested.

The Old Rectory, Gwynedd

At the foot of Cadair Idris Mountains, the Old Rectory offers good walking around town of Machynlleth. Two of its four attractive lake-view rooms have big, free-standing baths, ideal for an end-of-walk bath.

Walks: An easy 2-mile trail loops around Tal-y-llyn Lake.

• Double from £100 B&B (bed and breakfast), rectoryonthelake.co.uk

Clachaig Inn, Scottish Highlands

This Glencoe inn is a Highlands legend. The 23 rooms are comfortable and simple, but more appealing are the live bands and the bar.

Walks: A gentle 1½-mile woodland route from the inn visits Signal Rock. An exposed 8-mile climb up Buachaille Etive Mòr.

• Double from £106 B&B, clachaig.com

Lee Byre, Devon

This barn house has three bright guest rooms. Owners are keen hikers and can give trail advice or lead guided walks, day and night. Breakfast features fresh-laid eggs and homemade honey.

Walks: Make a circuit across the wetland (11 miles). Hike from Mary Tavy to Wheal Betsy (5 miles).

• Double from £70 B&B; guided day walk £60 per person; guided star hike £30 per person; leebyre.com

Cottage Lodge, Hampshire

Christina Simons, owner of this comfortable hotel, has created several self-guided walking routes direct from the front door. The lodge has 16 rooms, two of which are dog-friendly.

Walks: To Lyndhurst via Standing Hat woods (7 miles), looking out for wild deer. A 3-mile walk through Keyhaven marshes, a good place to see migrating birds.

• Double from £75 B&B, cottagelodge.co.uk

1.Which place best suits walkers who enjoy lake view?

A.The Old Rectory B.Cottage Lodge

C.Lee Byre D.Clachaig Inn

2.What can we know about Cottage Lodge?

A.Dogs are welcome to stay in all rooms there.

B.Walkers might see some wild animals during walks there.

C.Walkers can join in some guided walking at the front door.

D.It offers the lowest price and the most rooms.

3.Where probably is this passage from?

A.A tour guide book. B.A travel website.

C.A lifestyle magazine. D.A local newspaper.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1.How many more hours do children spend on TV than in a classroom?

A.6,000 hours. B.12,000 hours. C.18,000 hours.

2.What is ‘‘Sesame Street’’ according to the passage?

A.A recreational program.

B.A program for cartoon.

C.An educational program.

3.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.TV commercials should be cut down.

B.Children should watch less TV.

C.There’s much room for improving the US TV programs.

4.What will be the result of children seeing hours of TV every day?

A.They will become inactive and dull.

B.They will forget their homework.

C.They will follow the TV programs.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What do we know about the speakers?

A.They are in the same class.

B.They are majoring in art.

C.They are old friends.

2.What does the teacher look like?

A.She wears glasses. B.She has curly hair. C.She is tall.

3.How long has the woman been here?

A.A week. B.Two weeks. C.Three weeks.

4.What will the woman do next?

A.Look for a hotel.

B.Ring the man’s friend.

C.Meet her teacher.