Clara was seated on an Airlines flight to LA when a flight attendant asked an urgent question over the loudspeaker, "Does anyone on________know American Sign Language (ASL)?"

Clara had been studying ASL for the past year and she'd be able to________spell into a man's palm, so she____the call button. The flight attendant came and explained the________, "We have a passenger who's blind and deaf." The passenger seemed to want something, but the flight attendants couldn't________what he needed.

Clara________her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and________by the aisle seat of Tim Cook.________taking his hand, she________, "Are you OK? What do you need?" Cook________for some water.

When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She________again later and stayed. "He was________and wanted to talk," Clara says.

For the next hour, she talked about her family and her plans for the future. Cook told Clara how he had gradually become________and shared stories of his.“________Tim couldn't see her, she looked________at his face with such________,” a passenger said.

"Clara was________," a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. "You could________Tim was very relaxed to have someone he could________to, and she was such a (n)________."

1.A.board B.business C.mission D.vacation

2.A.change B.put C.finger D.send

3.A.searched for B.pressed C.looked at D.examined

4.A.headache B.result C.danger D.situation

5.A.understand B.find C.fetch D.satisfy

6.A.checked B.unfastened C.secured D.adjusted

7.A.rested B.lay C.fell D.knelt

8.A.Tightly B.Immediately C.Gently D.Eagerly

9.A.signed B.doubted C.comforted D.demanded

10.A.begged B.asked C.looked D.paid

11.A.got up B.walked around C.wandered about D.came by

12.A.sad B.terrified C.lonely D.nervous

13.A.blind B.helpless C.sensitive D.impossible

14.A.If B.Though C.But D.So

15.A.carefully B.passionately C.enthusiastically D.attentively

16.A.pride B.bravery C.kindness D.passion

17.A.amazing B.relaxed C.interesting D.confident

18.A.inform B.tell C.recall D.hope

19.A.respond B.stick C.talk D.adapt

20.A.expert B.professional C.assistant D.angel

    Talking to strangers along your travels can change your trip into an adventure. Here are rules of thumb to serve as your guide.

Don't ignore your fellow tourists. When you go to some place off the beaten path, you're likely to meet other tourists there. Find them, and ask where you would go.1.

Abandon your phone. Phones often get between you and the surroundings, ruining your chances to make contact with the people you see.2., take a deep breath and put it in a different pocket or cover it with tape.

3..The easiest way to do this is to talk to people who are in "open roles", such as anyone in a public service job, or a taxi driver. Or ask someone seated near you; ask where the person's favorite street is; ask if there's a residential area where it would be nice to take a walk.

Use a map-or none at all.4..However, the truth is, sometimes those small streets are nowhere to be found with a map. So ask for directions a lot. Asking for any kind of help is the key to many doors.

Most Important: Ask good questions. Finding good questions means observing and noticing. A well-turned question shows that you are really paying attentions you are curious and ready to listen.5..

A. Let strangers make your plans

B. Maps can be of great assistance

C. When the unwillingness gets in the way

D. A good question will get you everywhere

E. They are going to offer advice made of gold

F. Those fellow tourists can make sense of your journey

G. If abandoning your phone isn't practical or feels insecure to you

    Is that person really glad to see me? Or is he just being polite? Some people struggle to tell an artificial smile from a truly happy-one. And computers have found this task even more difficult. Recently, researchers have trained a program to detect when a smile is genuine(真诚的).

Visual computing researchers at the University of Bradford in the U. K. started with a software for analyzing a changing facial expression. This program can examine a video clip of a human head and identify(确认) specific details around the eyes, cheeks and mouth. Then the program tracks the details relative to each other as the face smiles.

Next，the scientists had their program evaluate(评估)two sets of video clips. In one subjects performed posed smiles. In the other, they watched a film that inspired genuine displays of emotion. The program calculated the differences among the subjects’ faces during the two clips. And it turns out that one's mouth, cheeks and eyes move differently when pretending to smile.

In particular, the muscles around the eyes shift 10 percent more for a real smile than they do for a fake one. These results are in the journal Advanced Engineering Informatics. "A genuine smile is indeed in the eyes. The computer aids analysis of the exact weight distribution of human smiles across the face.” Hassan Ugail and Ahmad Al-dahoud say.

The researchers suggest their work could improve a computer's ability to analyze facial expressions and thus to interact more smoothly with humans. But their real accomplishment is in proving Tyra Banks right: "You have to smile with your eyes."

1.What's the purpose of the program?

A.To tell different smiles. B.To detect human heads.

C.To examine human faces. D.To record facial expressions.

2.What did the researchers do in the program?

A.They performed posed smiles. B.They analyzed different video clips.

C.They improved a computer's ability. D.They evaluated a very special software.

3.What result have the researchers found from the program?

A.Smiling with eyes is the most important.

B.Eyes reflect whether a smile is real or not.

C.Mouth，cheeks and eyes always move the same.

D.Muscles move more frequently when people do a faking smile,

4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A.Entertainment. B.Health.

C.Inventions. D.Science.

    Ever notice your phone dies faster in cold weather? But why? As LiveScience reports, it all comes down to chemical reactions within the battery.

If you were to open any smartphone, you'd probably find a Li-ion(锂离子)battery running the show. Inside the battery, there are two poles, a positive pole(正极)and a negative pole(负极), and how much charge your phone has all depends on which side the ions stay. A fully charged battery will be jam-packed with ions on the positive end, while a dead battery will have all the ions stored in the negative end.

Your phone is powered as the individual ions travel in solution(溶液)from one pole to the other, but a cold temperature doesn't cause the Solution flow in the battery itself. If it flowed, the ions would have to go somewhere, but they actually stay put when it gets cold. The cold temperature causes chemical reactions that slow down the current(电流). The only other time this smaller current is sent through the battery is when all the ions have been spent, so your phone mistakenly reads the slowdown as being out of power.

Now, how can you get yourself out of this situation? Dr. Stephen J. Harris, a chemist at the Lawrence Berkeley Lab, says whatever you do, don't charge it. Your fully charged battery isn't lacking ions, and the cold temperature isn't allowing more ions to be pulled into the anode. They pass through the solution as solid lithium, which can really do some serious damage to the battery cell itself.

The only way to get the battery back to life is to let it return to its normal operating temperature. We recommend leaving it in your pocket or spending a few minutes inside away from the bitter cold.

1.What do we know about the battery?·

A.We can just charge one side of it.

B.A dead battery stores no ions inside.

C.It's full with all ions on the negative end.

D.Smartphones are powered by Li-ion batteries.

2.What makes the phone dead in the cold weather?

A.The lack of ions. B.The loss of solution.

C.The slowdown of the current. D.The disorder of the ions.

3.What might Dr. Stephen agree to do when your phone dies in the cold?

A.Leave it in the cold. B.Warm it in the pocket.

C.Get it charged immediately. D.Restart it immediately.

4.What may be the best title of the text?

A.Reactions Inside the Battery B.Ways to Keep Phones Alive

C.Cold Weather Kills Your Phone D.How Phones Work Under Cold Weather

    Fairies today are the material of, children's stories, little magical people with wings, often shining with light. Typically pretty and female, like Tinkerbell in Peter Pan, they usually use their magic to do small things and are mostly friendly to humans.

One explanation suggests the origin of fairies is a memory of real people. So, for example when tribes with metal weapons invaded land where people only used stone weapons some of the people escaped and hid in forests and caves. Further support for this idea is that fairies were thought to be afraid of iron and could not touch it. Living outside of society, the hiding people probably stole food and attacked villages. This might explain why fairies were often described as playing tricks on humans. Hundreds of years ago, people actually believed that fairies stole new babies and replaced them with a "changeling"-a fairy baby-or that they took new mothers and made them feed fairy babies with their milk.

While most people no longer believe in fairies, only a hundred years ago some people were very willing to think they might exist. In 1917, 16-year-old Elsie Wright took two photos of her cousin, nine-year-old Frances Griffiths, sitting with fairies. Some photography experts thought they were not real, while others weren't sure. But Arthur Conan Doyle, the writer of the Sherlock Holmes detective stories, believed they were real. He published the original pictures, and three more that the girls took for him, in a magazine called The Strand, in 1920. The girls only admitted the photos were not real years later in 1983, and that they created them using pictures of dancers that Elsie copied from a book.

1.What does the underlined words "this idea" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Fairies used stone tools. B.Fairies used metal weapons.

C.Fairies are based on real people. D.Fairies are friendly to humans.

2.Why were fairies often described as playing tricks on humans?

A.Fairies were afraid of iron and could not touch it.

B.Fairies stole new babies and replaced them with a fairy baby.

C.People who were defeated would escape and hide in the forests.

D.The hiding people would probably steal food and attack villages.

3.Who thought the photos taken in 1917 were real?

A.Arthur Conan Doyle. B.Elsie Wright.

C.Most photography experts. D.Elsie Wright's cousin.

4.Which idea will the author most probably agree with?

A.Whether fairies exist or not is uncertain.

B.There are still many people believing in fairies.

C.Children should not believe in fairies any longer.

D.The attitude people hold towards fairies has changed.

    Join the ranks of bright travelers and load up your smart phone with these must-have travel apps.

Sky Scanner

Stop wasting precious time clicking through website after website for airfare deals. Searching over 1,000 airlines and travel agents, Sky Scanner locates the cheapest dates to fly as well as the most affordable destinations. Got your heart set on some place special? Just enter your destination, dates, and the number of travelers and the app does all the heavy lifting for you.

Easy Travel

Just enter your city, or postal code into the search window, and Easy Travel will display the cheapest gas being served up near you. Whether you're driving in Canada, or the United States, Easy Travel is by your side helping you save money.

Bother Free

Don't be lost in translation. Here's an app that will serve as your travel translator, translating over 60 languages for your communication pleasure. It's easy! Just select the language you want to learn, speak or type a phrase into your phone, and the app will deliver a translation that you can read and hear.

World Atlas

You can have the whole world in your hands! National Geographic's beautiful award-winning World Atlas app is a must-have for armchair travelers and globetrotters alike. Spin, expand, and zoom the 3D globe to access detailed maps, tools to measure distances and need-to-know facts such as current weather, demographics and currency.

1.If one prefers self-driving tour, which app may help him or her save money?

A.Sky Scanner. B.Easy Travel.

C.Bother Free. D.World Atlas.

2.Who might be interested in Bother Free?

A.People with language difficulty. B.People who enjoy travel by plane.

C.People who want to travel cheaply. D.People with poor sense of direction.

3.In which part of a magazine can you most probably find this text?

A.Sports. B.Geography.

C.Travel. D.Traffic.

Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

常言道：“良言一句三冬暖，恶语伤人六月寒”。一句鼓励的话能给人带来温暖，一句伤人的话会使人情绪低落。请你结合某一次经历，讲述自己的故事和感受。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Translate the following sentence English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.父亲参与家庭教育对孩子的成长有积极的影响。(involve)

2.这款应用程序操作便捷，不妨下载一个在手机里。(better)

3.我的祖父人老心不老，他很幽默，常常会逗乐年轻人。(remain)

4.虽然过春节时城市里不准燃放烟花，但人们仍觉得少不了要热闹庆祝一番。(it)

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Are You Treated Too Nicely?

A new study found that when trying to build high self-esteem in children, parents may unconsciously be creating little narcissists (自恋狂). 1.

Parents who are always praising their children may be trying to develop high self-esteem. 2. In fact, too much special treatment can lead to narcissistic behavior.

"3. That may not be good for them or for society." Brad Bushman, co-author of the study and professor of communication and psychology at the Ohio State University, said in a press release. "People with high self-esteem think they're as good as others, whereas narcissists think they're better than others."

This study, as well as previous studies about parent-child relationships Bushman has worked on, caused him to alter his own parenting style. When he began his research, he thought that children should be treated like they are special by their parents. 4. He said that interventions (干预) can help parents learn how to better support their children.

"Parent training interventions can, for example, teach parents to express affection and appreciation toward children without telling children that they are superior to others," Bushman said. "Future studies should test whether this can work."

A. Now he is careful not to follow that model.

B. Children whose parents tell them they are special are more likely to become narcissists.

C. But actually, they have realized that they are running their children.

D. Children believe it when their parents tell them that they are more special than others.

E. And he carefully carries out the principle.

F. However, the study showed that loving and emotionally warm parents are more likely to have confident kids.

    Music. We hear it everywhere, every day. Getting into a lift, going around a supermarket or simply relaxing at home, music is our constant companion. And music can have a significant effect on the way we think and feel, so it's worth paying attention to what we're listening to.

Music can have a powerful effect on our moods, in terms of both reducing and increasing stress. Listening to calm gentle music in bed can help us drop off to sleep. Some airlines play smoothing music on board planes at take-off and landing, to calm nervous travelers. Athletes often listen to fast loud music to help them prepare for games. The American swimmer Michael Phelps is known to listen to rap music before important races to help pump him up.

The mood-altering effect of music can be especially acute for the people who actually play the music. Musicians who do not have high self-esteem (自尊心) can suddenly overflow with confidence once they go on stage. It's as though the music gives them a different personality.

And it's not only those who feel ill at ease with themselves who can benefit. Scientists have conducted research into the effect of music on students studying for exams. They found that listening to calm music with a regular beat can actually help students recall facts and improve their performance in exams. Classical music, preferably something by Mozart, seems to have the most beneficial effect. A word of caution, however: it's best not to over-rely on this method, as you won't be able to listen to music in an exam.

For most of us though, music is one of life's great pleasures. And it's a pleasure that endures. Researchers have found that we don't often grow out of the music that we love as teenagers, because our musical tastes are such a huge part of our identity, personality and outlook on life. So don't delete those songs you downloaded when you were fifteen - you'll probably still love them when you're fifty.

1.What would be the best kind of music to play to nervous drivers stuck in traffic jam?

A.Rap music. B.Gentle classical music.

C.Cheerful folk music. D.Heavy metal music.

2.The word "acute" in paragraph 3 most probably means _______ in the passage.

A.powerful B.controllable

C.complex D.opposite

3.Which of the following statements about music is true according to the passage?

A.Pop music improves students' academic performance.

B.Music has magic power to change musicians' personality.

C.Music generally influence people's thoughts and emotions.

D.Sportsmen listen to fast music to relieve their stress before games.

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.Musical tastes affect our characters to a great extent.

B.We have to find ways to make the pleasure of music last.

C.We will be fond of different kinds of music as we grow up.

D.A part of our personality and tastes are well developed in our teens.

1.This passage is mainly intended to _______.

A.Advertise a university programme B.promote a newly built school

C.Provide suggestions for summer trips D.introduce a well-known college

2.All of the following are the features of Imperial Global Summer School EXCEPT that _______.

A.it is ideally situated

B.it offers scholarships

C.it has excellent teachers

D.it enrolls international students

3.Which of the following statements is true of Imperial Global Summer School?

A.It gives just one session every year.

B.Most of its students thought highly of it.

C.It is intended for students interested in city life.

D.Its students need to find accommodation by themselves.

    Born in the 1950s, shopping malls were once the symbol of the U.S. consumer culture, but many are now dying out.

Dying shopping malls can be found across the United States, often in middle-class suburbs. Economic decline in certain areas together with an upward trend towards online shopping and new forms of urban shopping centers have pushed the once seemingly unbeatable shopping malls into decline. It is estimated that 15 to 50 percent of shopping malls may close in the coming decades.

American shopping culture follows its housing culture. Numerous shopping malls were therefore born after the Second World War, as Americans with cars and fat wallets moved to the suburbs. U.S. shopping malls were built at a rapid pace as shoppers fled cities, peaking in the mid-1990s when they were being built at a rate of 140 a year. Thus, too many shopping malls are left though construction has gradually decreased since then.

Currently, there are around 1,500 shopping malls across the U.S. Most share a handful of similar feature. They usually contain two or three stories of stores separated by walkways. Food courts serve pizza and other fast food. Parking lots are big enough to easily misplace a car.

Shopping malls in Europe might contain grocery stores or childcare centers, while those in Japan are often built around mass transit (交通枢纽). But the suburban American shopping malls are hard to get to and mainly sell clothes and gifts.

As many shopping malls became redundant (过剩的), leaders in many U.S. towns who once fought for malls now struggle with how to transform them to new uses. Highland Mall in Texas is being transformed into a community college campus, and Lakeland Mall in Florida now houses a megachurch (大型教会). Others have been redeveloped to include housing, offices and even green space. However, it is hard to imagine every shopping mall meeting the demands for such transformations.

1.What is this passage mainly about?

A.The introduction to American consumer culture.

B.The changes in Americans' shopping habits.

C.The growth of American shopping centers.

D.The decline of American shopping malls.

2.When did the construction speed of IS shopping malls reach the highest point?

A.After the Second World War B.In the mid-1990s.

C.After mass transit appeared. D.In the 2000s.

3.What do many U.S. towns do to solve the redundant shopping malls?

A.They make them look different from each other.

B.They make them more accessible to the public.

C.They change them to serve other purposes.

D.They move them to the urban areas.

School Counselors (辅导员) Matter

Overwhelmed (压垮) by homework? Worried about a friend? Feel like you don't fit in? Sometimes it's impossible to _______ tough times alone. Problems can build up and you may suffer from insomnia (失眠), have difficulty concentrating, or even become depressed. It's time for you to talk to someone. Your school counselor can be a great place to start.

A high school counselor who is a licensed professional offers a variety of _______ to high school students. He or she often provides advice and resources to students regarding their future college and _______ plans. A counselor may also help students who are _______ behavioral problems, family issues and stress. He or she often acts as a grief counselor to students in the event of an accident or other _______ situations. The job is quite demanding. _______, high school counselors are often very knowledgeable about developmental and family psychology, and skilled at providing direct therapy for troubled individuals.

Counselors meet with students individually or in small groups. Group meetings can really help people who are dealing with _______ issues. Not only do you get great ideas in a group setting, but it can also help to know that other students are experiencing the same thing and that they understand. How _______ you meet with your counselor depends on the issue. Some concerns are dealt with in a one-time meeting. Others require regular meetings for a while.

School counselors are all about helping to make your school experience the best it can be. The role of the school counselor today is very _______ what it was like in the past. Instead of just focusing on schoolwork and careers, today's counselors are there for students in a broader way. They help students address almost any problem that might get in the way of learning, guide students to productive futures, and try to create a __________ environment for everyone at school.

1.A.get off B.get through C.get in D.get to

2.A.services B.activities C.opportunities D.arguments

3.A.housing B.career C.training D.family

4.A.accustomed to B.sticking with C.committed to D.struggling with

5.A.unfamiliar B.unreasonable C.unforgettable D.unexpected

6.A.Otherwise B.However C.Therefore D.Rather

7.A.difficult B.personal C.similar D.emergent

8.A.long B.soon C.much D.often

9.A.different from B.dependent on C.close to D.famous for

10.A.competitive B.positive C.social D.working

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

News From The World of Medicine

SHORT ON SLEEP? DON'T FORGET TO DRINK WATER

In a Pennsylvania State University study involving more than 20,000 participants, people who said they got only six hours of sleep regularly ran a greater risk of dehydration (脱水) than 1. who got eight hours. The reason might lie with a hormone (荷尔蒙) called vasopressin, 2. helps control the body’s fluid levels. It’s let out in larger quantities later in the sleep cycle, 3. people getting less shut-eye might not have the best amount of it. If you know you’re short on slumber, 4. (make) a point of drinking water.

TEN-MINUTE CANCER TEST

Australian researchers have developed a test 5. can discover cancer cells in ten minutes with 90 percent accuracy. Healthy DNA and cancer DNA, it turns out, stick to metal surfaces differently. When cancer DNA 6. (add) to water mixed with gold nanoparticles (纳米颗粒), the water remains its rosy color, when healthy DNA is added, the water turns blue. 7. the test is cheap and simple, it could be used at your primary care physician's office, with follow-up if necessary.

EXERCISE PREVENTS FALLS

Each year, at least a third of people 8. the age of 65 fall downwards. Research found that there's one factor related to notably reduced risk: exercise. People who took part in Tai Chi fell 19 percent 9. (often), while those who did balance and functional exercises, such as step-ups, chair rises, or standing on one leg, fell 24 percent less often. Most useful of all was 10. (combine) different types of exercise, including lifting weights and balance exercises.

    How to protect your privacy when you travel

It hasn't been an easy year for the privacy of travelers，at least so far．Data leaks，surveillance（监视）worries and those troublesome cameras in airplane seatbacks and hotel rooms are enough to make passengers anxious． 1. Fortunately，there are ways to safeguard your privacy on land and in the air．These tips can help you deal with these troubles．

2. "It's not clever to declare on Facebook that you're traveling to somewhere，reminding a wide range of people that your property is sitting empty，"says Danny McLoughlin．"That puts your security at risk．"Wait until you return to start posting vacation photos．

Some homeowners renting their residences may install security cameras．Travelers should find out if the hosts are required to disclose the presence of surveillance devices．If the rental comes with cameras，ensure they aren't in a sensitive area by conducting a careful sweep 3.

Although you can't control how a hotel or airline handles-or mishandles-your data，you can take reasonable steps to ensure the information it has won't get you into trouble．4.

But some of the worst data leaks happen when you're staying at a hotel．For example，a hotel clerk sometimes asks for your name and then announces your room number after you've checked in．You're better off handing the employee your ID when he or she asks for your name and asking the employee to write your room number on a piece of paper．Why？5. Just to be sure，never leave the customer copy behind．You can destroy it later，but keep it under your contro1．

A．It's never been better．

B．Perhaps they should be．

C．Travelers say they're taking privacy seriously．

D．Never broadcast your journey on social media．

E．There are other people on the other side of the wall．

F．Some travelers only offer the bare minimum，such as a P．O．box instead of a home address．

G．Report anything doubtful to the host immediately-and if you don't like what you hear， leave．

    Most people are familiar with big international sports events like the Olympics and the World Cup. But have you ever heard of the Commonwealth Games?

The Commonwealth of Nations is an international organization made up of 53 member states, including Canada, India and Australia.1. Today, they still hold the Commonwealth Games in the hope of keeping their friendship alive.

The Commonwealth Games take place every four years. Like other international sports events, popular sports such as volleyball and hockey are played there. 2. Lawn bowls, a popular game in Commonwealth countries, is similar to culling(冰壶). However, it’s played on a grass field instead of on ice. Netball is another game that is seldom seen outside of Commonwealth nations. 3. It is mainly a women's sport.

Australia held the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Queensland between April 4 and 15, 2018.4.It built new stadiums, a light railway and new Wi Fi networks.

5.It has hosted the games five times. It is also one of just six countries that have attended each of the games since they were first held in 1930.

A. Queensland did a lot to prepare for the games.

B. Nineteen cities in nine countries have hosted the event.

C. Most of these member states used to be British territories(领地).

D. Australia has always been enthusiastic about Commonwealth Games.

E. It's similar to basketball, but each team has seven players instead of five.

F. But there are also other sports that are a bit less known in other countries.

G. Over 5 , 000 athletes compete at the Commonwealth Games in more than 250 events.

    During the long holiday, did you feel bored and decided to check social media, only to find that your best friend was at the beach, that your classmate was going hiking, and that your cousin or niece was enjoying a feast? Have you got the feeling that others are experiencing things and enjoying life more than you are？

Oh, you might feel that you are missing out. 1. FOMO is the anxiety caused by a nagging （难以摆脱的） feeling that you are not taking part in the exciting and worthwhile things going on around you．

As is known, comparison is the thief of joy. FOMO makes us check social media more frequently, leading to an addiction and a negative cycle that is hard to break．2. These include the feelings of depression, loneliness and boredom．

3. You can avoid FOMO by focusing on being mindful, changing your habits, and working to be more grateful for your own life．

Social media is often what contributes to FOMO more than anything else.If you are feeling very upset when seeing all of the fun that others are having,take a break from your accounts.In this case,you'd better stop looking to social media for happiness.4.

Besides, one of the best ways to overcome FOMO is to begin to truly appreciate what you value in your life. Make a list of all the things that are important to you, including subjects, people, dreams, possessions or experiences．5. You will find the true value of your life．

Do remember that if you miss an opportunity, other opportunities will come．

A． Have you ever experienced FOMO？

B． What can you do to overcome FOMO？

C． Spend some time reflecting on these things．

D． You can permanently do so if you feel it helps．

E． The feeling is called the fear of missing out or FOMO for short．

F． Researchers have found that FOMO can cause serious negative results．

G． If it controls you, the only thing you really miss out on is your own life．

    Americans are proud of their variety and individuality (个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star general(将军).1.

Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes.People expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform.2.Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a hairdresser, or a waiter to lose professional identity (职业身份) than to step out of uniform?

3.They are often more comfortable and more lasting than civilian clothes.

Among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. 4.

5.Though they are long-lasting, often their initial(最初的) expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

A.Americans think highly of uniforms .

B.Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

C.When people wear the same uniforms, they are likely to think, speak, and act similarly on the job at least.

D.Uniforms also have many practical good points

E.Some practical problems with uniforms arise.

F.The television repairman who wears a uniform is likely to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.

G.People's identity can be recognized more easily by their uniforms

What do employers want from business graduates?

Prospective employers have always expected business-school graduates to possess a certain set of skills, such as strategic thinking and problem-solving abilities. Today, employers are looking for even more一technical expertise paired with interpersonal and intrapersonal（内在） skills.

1. You can learn the technical skills on the job or in school, but the soft skills are more challenging to get.

2. That can make you the type of employee that companies want to hire and promote. Recent data in The Financial Times 2018 Skills Gap Study agrees that soft skills, like the ability to work well in a team, were rated as "most important" by 64 percent of respondents.

During your business-school experience, you'll have the opportunity to build these skills as you work on group projects, interact with teachers, and participate in internships（实习）.When you reflect on your personal and professional lives, the people who have mastered skills like communication, listening, and cooperation are the people who stand out to you.3.

But that doesn't mean that there aren't other skills on the top of many companies' wish lists.4. The first is "combine", which is the ability to combine and deal with information from multiple sources to solve complex problems. The second is "organize", or the ability to organize information to see relationships and to solve multiple, interrelated problems. 5.

A. Market yourself as someone with soft skills.

B. And they stand out to prospective employers too.

C. So these skills in high demand have great value in the hiring market.

D. What you may not realize is the lasting impact of developing skills like leadership.

E. Soft skills like flexibility and teamwork are in high demand among employers.

F. The skills you gain while earning your MBA help prepare you for various careers.

G. The skills that employers have the most difficulty finding often have the most value in the marketplace.

    Smart devices are sometimes powerful. They put a world of information at our fingertips. ―1.That is a huge blessing for parents seeking flexible work hours. Smart phones and tablets can also promote efficiency by allowing people to get things done in spare moments that would otherwise be wasted, such as while queuing for coffee. They can even help lazybones create the false impression that they are working around the clock, by programming their e-mail to be sent at 1 am.

But for most people, the servant has become the master. Not long ago only doctors were on call all the lime. Now everybody is. Bosses think nothing of invading their employees' free time. 2. Even people with strong mind check their smart devices with heavy addiction, even during pre-dinner drinks, and send e-mails first thing in the morning and last thing at night.

3. How can we harvest the benefits of connectivity without becoming its slaves? One solution is digital dieting. Just as the abundance of junk food means that people have to be more disciplined about their eating habits, 4. Maybe the only way to break the 24/7 habit is to act together rather than individually. The firms should introduce rules about when people are expected to be offline, and encourage them to work together to make this possible.

We must be aware that the faster smart devices become and the more addictive the apps that are designed for them, the stronger the addiction will grow. 5.

A. This is partly because smart devices are addictive.

B. Work invades the home far more than domestic chores invade the office.

C. Now it's time to outsmart the smart devices by insisting that everyone turn them off from time to lime.

D. the abundance of junk information means we have to be more disciplined about our browsing habits.

E. Banning texting at weekends can really show the iPhone who is boss.

F. They enable people to work at home instead of crowding into the subway with smelly strangers.

G. What can be done to keep smart devices in their place?

    Your comfort zone is a behavioral space where your activities and behaviors fit a routine and pattern that minimizes stress and risk．1.You benefit in obvious ways： regular happiness， low anxiety， and reduced stress．

Leaving your comfort zone can have very positive results， though． For one thing， you'll surely be more productive if you're willing to move out of it． With the sense of unease that comes from having deadlines and expectations， you'll have the drive and ambition to do more and learn new things．2.For another， learning to live outside your comfort zone can prepare you for life changes that force you out of it． Fear and uncertainty always exist in our life． By challenging yourself to things you normally wouldn't do， you can experience some of that uncertainty in a controlled and manageable environment．

While outside your comfort zone can be a good place to be，3.． You can start by doing everyday things differently． For example， you can take a different route to work or try a new restaurant． Besides， you should remember to break out in small steps． You get the same benefits whether you go with long strides （大步） or you start slow． If you're socially anxious， don't suppose you have to gather the courage to ask your crush （爱慕之人） on a date right away．

4. Identify your fears， and then face them step by step．

Trying new things is difficult， so it's important to understand how habits form and how we can break them．5.

A．It provides a state of mental security．

B．it's of great necessity to find ways to break out of it

C．it's a pleasant experience to stay in the comfort zone

D．You have to manage that stress and risk in a clever way．

E．Just say hello to them and see where you can go from there．

F．That means you will get more done and find smarter ways to work．

G．And it's as important to press yourself out of your comfort zone by doing specific things．

Suggestions for Senior Year

Senior year is finally here. We are sure being one of the oldest students in school sounds great. You’ve reached the most important year. 1. Three graduates are here to give you some suggestions.

Zhao Yuebei, 18, Hainan University

Find a suitable study method and create your own system of knowledge. In the review stage, I’ve been studying physics and chemistry with the help of mind maps. 2. I usually wrote down a scientific term in the center of a blank page, and added related points around the term. I enjoyed this process as it forced me to reflect and organize all my knowledge.3.

Zhao Yujie, 18, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang

Don’t bury yourself all day in your studies—it’s tiring and not that useful. Life may be stressful during senior high, but we also need to find ways to refresh ourselves.

When I felt discouraged, I often had a heart-to-heart talk with my mother or my head teacher. 4. Some of my classmates preferred to run around the playground. One of them even made up funny stories and read them out during breaks.

Song Yu, 18, Northwestern University, US

5. Besides the gaokao, some universities hold the independent enrollment (自主招生) exams in the middle of June, which can give you an advantage in the hunt for a top university place, if you do well in the exams. But you don’t need to waste too much time preparing specially for them because both the written test and the interview are based on your everyday performance and intelligence.

A. It was a great relief for me.

B. So how can you make the most of it?

C. Keep your eyes open for other choices.

D. Mind maps can encourage your creativity.

E. But that is when the hard work really begins.

F. It allows me to see the relationship between different concepts.

G. Mind maps are used to visually organize and classify information.

    1. When we meet with something we're not familiar with or something frightening, our brain and body start making changes to help prepare us for the unknown. Dr. Kerr says. "For some people, choosing to be scared can be fun. ”

What good is fear?

2. It tells a person to hide, run away, or defend oneself. Faster heartbeat and breathing send more blood and oxygen to the muscles so they are ready when they are needed. Stress chemicals can make a person more alert.

Our memories also help protect us. We keep a close eye on babies because they don't understand what might hurt them. As babies grow, they learn what's unsafe, their brains store those memories. Then their brains use fear to warn them of dangers. "We don't want to be fearless; Dr. Kerr says. “3.!”

Too much can be harmful

Experiences can lead to long-lasting fears that may stop a person from trying new things. We’re born with the ability to feel fear, but a lot of what we're afraid of is learned.

"Being afraid doesn't mean you’re weak," Dr. Kerr says. A long-lasting fear can mean you\e had a bad experience, and your brain doesn't want you to have it again. 4. Other people may have no special fear of dogs but may be afraid of other

things, such as heights, snakes, or spiders.

How to feel less afraid

Many people have beat their own fears. Here is one method: Instead of listening to their imagination, they learn the facts about anything that seems scary. 5..

Dr. Kerr grew up on a farm. As a seven-year-old, she was scared of black bears in the woods. Later, she read about them. " Understanding the facts gave me a sense of confidence, she says. "I knew for sure what to do if I ever met with a bear and how to protect myself."

A. Knowledge can help a person feel less afraid

B. Being scared is not always a bad thing

C. Fear is a tool that brain uses to keep the body safe

D. That is why our brain works faster in time of danger

E. It is good to have a healthy sense of what's dangerous

F. Some people are scared to death by his own shadow at night

G. If a dog bit someone, that person might feel afraid of all dogs

    Are people less or more happy when they get older? A study in 2018 found that people generally become happier and experience less worry after age 50. In fact, it found that by the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were at 18.

Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were the highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25. 1.

Happiness was the highest among the youngest adults and those in their early 70's. But the people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their 70’s and 80’s. The survey also found that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. 2.The researchers also considered possible influences like, having young children being unemployed or being single. Bu, they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.

3. One theory is that, as people get older, they become more than thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.

4.In another study, people in their 80’s reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep. The original goal was to confirm the popular belief that aging is connected with increased sleep problems. 5.But except for that, people reported that they felt their sleep quality improved as they got older.

A. So why will happiness increase with age?

B. Researchers surveyed more than 150, 000 American adults.

C. At that time, the people were between the ages of 18 and 85.

D. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their 50's.

E Happiness is not the only thing that apparently improves with age.

F. The survey did find an increase during middle age, especially in women.

G. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.

Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论), slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,” Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”

A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.

The city’s psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lover, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehance’s group just to learn to say what they feel. There’s a strong need in Paris for communication, says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist”, she says, “If life weren’t a battle, people wouln’t need a special place just to speak.” But then, it wouldn’t be France.

1.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?

A.Learn a new subject

B.Keep in touch with friends.

C.Show off their knowledge.

D.Express their true feelings.

2.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

A.They are less frequently visited.

B.They stay open for longer hours.

C.They have bigger night crowds.

D.They start to serve fast food.

3.What are theme cafes expected to do?

A.Create more jobs.

B.Supply better drinks.

C.Save the cafe business.

D.Serve the neighborhood.

4.Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?

A.They bring people true friendship.

B.They give people spiritual support.

C.They help people realize their dreams.

D.They offer a platform for business links.

    Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.

Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self­conscious (难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.

Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.

Don’t forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.

Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12­inch plate instead of a 10­inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.

1.The text is especially helpful for those who care about ____________.

A.their home comforts B.their body shape

C.house buying D.healthy diets

2.A home environment in blue can help people ______________.

A.digest food better B.reduce food intake

C.burn more calories D.regain their appetites

3.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?

A.Eat quickly. B.Play fast music.

C.Use smaller spoons. D.Turn down the lights.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Is Your House Making You Fat? B.Ways of Serving Dinner

C.Effects of Self­Consciousness D.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?

    In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, “No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”

The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.

This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?

That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.

1.The author mentions the joke to show ______.

A. horses were fairly useful in Chicago

B. Chicago's streets were extremely muddy

C. Chicago was very dangerous in the spring

D. the Chicago people were particularly humorous

2.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_______.

A. get rid of the street dirt B. lower the Chicago River

C. fight against heavy floods D. build the pipes above ground

3.The underlined word “hoist”in Paragraph 4 means “_______”.

A. change B. lift

C. repair D. decorate

4.What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?

A. It went on smoothly as intended.

B. It interrupted the business of the hotel.

C. It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.

D. It separated the building from its foundation.

5.The passage is mainly about the early Chicago's ______.

A. popular life styles and their influences

B. environmental disasters and their causes

C. engineering problems and their solutions

D. successful businessmen and their achievements

    As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”

According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

1.The passage begins with two questions to ________.

A.introduce the main topic B.show the author’s attitude

C.describe how to use the Internet D.explain how to store information

2.What can we learn about the first experiment?

A.Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.

B.The two groups remembered the information equally well.

C.The first group did not try to remember the formation.

D.The second group did not understand the information.

3.In transactive memory, people ________.

A.keep the information in mind

B.change the quantity of information

C.organize information like a computer

D.remember how to find the information

4.What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?

A.We are using memory differently.

B.We are becoming more intelligent.

C.We have poorer memories than before.

D.We need a better way to access information.

C

If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to receive us by fillingitwith light.

The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad  lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light  rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .

In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.

We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.

Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.

Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.

1.According to the passage, human being          .

A.prefer to live in the darkness

B.are used to living in the day light

C.were curious about the midnight world

D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon

2.What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?

A.The night. B.The moon

C.The sky D.The planet

3.The writer mentions birds and frogs to        .

A.provide examples of animal protection

B.show how light pollution affects animals

C.compare the living habits of both species

D.explain why the number of certain species has declined

4.It is implied in the last paragraph that        .

A.light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals

B.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages

C.human beings cannot go to the outer space

D.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe

5.What might be the best title for the passage?

A.The Magic light.

B.The Orange Haze.

C.The Disappearing Night.

D.The Rhythms of Nature.

    Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.

While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.

The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.

Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.

Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s ＂Oshbot＂ robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.

The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. ＂We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,＂ said Breazeal.

1.How are social robots different from household robots?

A. They can control their emotions.

B. They are more like humans.

C. They do the normal housework.

D. They respond to users more slowly.

2.What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?

A. Communicate with you and perform operations.

B. Answer your questions and make requests.

C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk.

D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.

3.What can Oshbot work as?

A. A language teacher. B. A tour guide.

C. A shop assistant. D. A private nurse.

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will _______.

A. train employees B. be our workmates

C. improve technologies D. take the place of workers

5.What does the passage mainly present?

A. A new design idea of household robots.

B. Marketing strategies for social robots.

C. Information on household robots.

D. An introduction to social robots.