My motivation for starting our family tradition of reading in the car was purely selfish: I could not bear listening to A Sesame Street Christmas for another 10 hours. My three children had been addicted to this cassette on our previous summer’s road trip.

As I began to prepare for our next 500-mile car trip, I came across a book Jim Trelease’s The Read Aloud Handbook. This could be the answer to my problem. I thought. So I put Roald dahl’s James and the Giant Peach into my bag. When I began to read aloud the tale of the boy who escapes the bad guys by hiding inside a giant peach, my three kids argued and wrestled in their seats. But after several lines, they were attracted into the rhythm of the words and began to listen.

We soon learned that the simple pleasure of listening to a well-written book makes the long miles pass more quickly. Sometimes the books we read became highlights of the trip. I read wilson Rawls’s Summer of the Monkeys as we spent two days driving to the beach. We arrived just behind the power crews restoring (恢复) electricity after a tropical storm. The rain continued most of the week, and the beach was covered with oil washed up by the storm. When we returned home, I asked my son what he liked about the trip. He answered without hesitation, “The book you read in the car.”

Road trips still offer challenges, even though my children now are teenagers. But we continue to read as we roll across the country. And I m beginning to see that reading aloud has done more than help pass the time. For at least a little while, we are not shut in our own electronic worlds. And maybe we’ve started something that will pass on to the next generation.

1.Why did the author start reading in the car?

A. She wanted to have a better journey. B. She wanted to keep a family tradition

C. Her children were addicted to music. D. She wanted to kill the time.

2.How did the children react after the author read a few lines?

A. They kept quarelling. B. They hid themselves.

C. They soon settled down. D. They continued to fight in their seats.

3.What can we learn about the author and her family’s trip to the beach?

A. They were caught in a storm. B. They enjoyed reading on the road.

C. They had a good time on the beach. D. They thought it had passed too quickly.

4.Which can be the best title for the text?

A. Better Reading than Traveling B. Books that Changed My Children

C. Road Trips Full of Challenges D. Reading Makes Great Road Trips

    In the winter months the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0℃. However, in some parts of Canada, such as southern British Columbia, the temperature rarely goes below 0℃. In most areas where people live, snow will be on the ground from mid-December to mid-March. Though Canada’s winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to, it can be very enjoyable. For many Canadians, being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life. There are many outdoor winter activities, including skiing, ice fishing, walking, and skating. Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow.

Dressing for winter

During winter in Canada, you will need warm clothing. If possible, arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival. You will need:

☆ a warm waterproof boots   ☆ a scarf for your neck

☆ a hat that covers your ears  ☆ gloves for your hands

☆ thick winter coats, pants and sweaters

Layers keep you warm

It’s a good idea to layer your clothing by, for example, wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket. If you become too hot, it’s always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another. On the West Coast, prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather. You will need:

☆ a warm waterproof coat   ☆ waterproof hats

☆ an umbrella    ☆ rain boots or snow boots

Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada. You can also contact Related Links. for example, an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

1.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To tell about the details about Canada. B. To show many outdoor winter activities.

C. To introduce the daily life of Canadians. D. To encourage you to enjoy winter in Canada.

2.If you spend a winter in Canada, you ll prepare the following EXCEPT ________.

A. an umbrella and sunglasses B. thick winter coats and pants

C. waterproof hats and coats D. snow boots and gloves

3.In which part of a newspaper can you find this passage?

A. Business. B. Sports C. Tourism D. Health

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

1.where is the little library?

A. On the top floor. B. On the second floor. C. On the first floor.

2.Which place should the listeners get to at the end of the tour?

A. The theater. B. The Education Center. C. The information desk.

3.Why does the speaker suggest the elders not visit the ship the Vampire?

A. It is dangerous. B. It s hard for them to climb. C. It has too many visitors.

4.What can the visitors see in the Leisure Gallery?

A. A video show. B. Australians life by the sea. C. Some australian artists.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.How long is East Street Market open a day?

A. 5 hours B. 8 hours C. 9 hours

2.What does the man say about the Leather Lane Market?

A. It opens only on weekdays.

B. It is near Castle Station.

C. It offers lunch

3.what does the woman like about the Brixton Market?

A. The vegetables. B. The position. C. The price.

4.Where should the woman go to buy presents?

A. East Street Market. B. Leather Lane Market. C. Carmen Hight Market

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.When does the man have to reach Paris?

A. By 21st. B. By 24th. C. By 31st.

2.Where is the man now?

A. In france. B. In england. C. In america.

3.How will the man pay?

A. By cheque. B. In cash. C. By card.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What are the speakers doing?

A. Planning a trip. B. Cleaning the closet. C. Arranging the suitcases.

2.How does the woman feel about the man’s work?

A. Satisfied. B. Disappointed. C. Puzzled.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.What is the real reason why the man will quit his job?

A. He has found a better job.

B. He is afraid the company will fire him.

C. He doesn’t want to work for a small company.

2.What relationship is the woman to the man?

A. His bos. B. His colleague. C. His customer.

What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A French exam. B. An interpreter course. C. A job opportunity.

What is the man’s favorite season?

A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter.

Where does the conversation take place?

A. In a hotel. B. In a library. C. In a museum.

How will the speakers tour the city?

A. By walking. B. By driving a car. C. By taking the bus.

At what time will the woman arrive at the office tomorrow?

A. 8:00. B. 8:30 C. 9:00.

假如你是李华，你的美国笔友 Jenny 正在做一份关于中国移动支付（mobile payment ）的问卷调查 （survey） ，你是她的重点采访对象． 内容包括：

1． 你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的情况；

2． 移动支付带来的好处；

3． 你的看法．

参考词汇：微信： Wechat  支付宝：Alipay  二维码： QR code

注意：1． 词数 100 左右；2． 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．

Dear Jenny，

How is your survey on mobile payment going？

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully，

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词．

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

Dear Mike，

I'm very glad to receive the letter you sent me． I have been thinking the question you asked me． From my point of view， you can come to China after finished your studies．

For the one reason， China's development offers a number of job opportunity for the young． What's more， what you are studying is bad needed in China nowadays． In fact， many big companies in our city are hoping to hire people like me．

For another reason， China is a country with such a different culture as many foreigners enjoy living and working here． Why not come but join them？ If you came here， I will do how I can to help you．

语法填空

Two years after announcing strict volunteer requirements for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and1.（realize） they could not get enough help for free， the Japanese ministry has instead turned to university and their vast human2.（resource）．

In the past few weeks， to encourage students to volunteer for the Olympics， a large number of universities3.（begin） to offer academic credits． According to a survey， 49 percent of universities in Tokyo-both 4.（nation） and private-are now considering that option．

While rewarding student volunteers 5.credits to advance their undergraduate programs6.（be） a nice gesture， the move also makes clear that the Olympic Committee does not want to pay for highly-skilled individuals7.must speak a foreign language， and work over ten full days--- Not to mention that they must pass 8.interview．

The move also raises the question of what it means to volunteer． It's quite obvious by now that there isn't enough people9.（fill） the 110，000 vacant positions．

Offering academic credits to Japanese students seems like the wrong way to encourage volunteerism， but precious time is going by for the Olympic Committee． If they cannot get the10.（require） 110，000 volunteers soon， an army of emotionless robots might just work．

    When I was a freshman in college I received a letter that forever opened a window in my soul． I had just started writing and the ______of my local county newspaper had been kind enough to ______some of my work． About a month later the _____ arrived．

Here is what it said． "You may not______me． We last saw each other in kindergarten and my ______moved the next year． We______get the county paper in the mail， though， and when I saw your name I had to write you． You see that first year in school was very______for me． I was a tiny，____， and ordinary-looking girl that the other children ______me every day． The thing I remember about you is that you______did． When we______to go out， the teacher always put me beside you and you would hold my hand as we______the street． You talked to me and played with me． You______me as a person， not someone different and I will be forever______for that． My whole life was______because of how you treated me all those years ago．"

I carefully wrote back to my kindergarten friend and we______for several years______the illness that she had ______with since childhood finally took her life． I will never forget， however， just how much that simple kindness I had shared______to her．

Every act of kindness we do______another's heart． Every bit of goodness we share makes the world a better place． Let's use that power and make both Earth and Heaven smile．

1.A. teacher B. director C. editor D. leader

2.A. print B. publish C. report D. check

3.A. newspaper B. message C. work D. letter

4.A. remember B. recognize C. hear D. forget

5.A. parents B. family C. school D. classmates

6.A. still B. also C. just D. even

7.A. busy B. happy C. difficult D. easy

8.A. honest B. naughty C. sunny D. sick

9.A. kidded B. helped C. hated D. beat

10.A. occasionally B. never C. seldom D. always

11.A. got up B. lined up C. ended up D. cheered up

12.A. adventured B. visited C. cleaned D. crossed

13.A. judged B. heard C. knew D. saw

14.A. grateful B. hopeful C. regretful D. skillful

15.A. harder B. better C. easier D. healthier

16.A. cooperated B. corresponded C. lived D. worked

17.A. after B. when C. before D. while

18.A. experienced B. studied C. treated D. struggled

19.A. meant B. done C. appeared D. got

20.A. discovers B. obtains C. enriches D. touches

    If you stayed up or had a bad night of sleep last night， you know it's difficult to stay awake in class today． Your teacher's voice might begin to sound like a lullaby（催眠曲）．1.To keep yourself awake， some tips are worth trying in class．

Sit in the front of the room． Why？2.Besides， it'll be easier to pay attention and participate when you're in the front． You'll also be near the people who are more likely to participate， and the sound of their voices might keep you awake．

3.Ask and answer questions and pay attention to the lecture． This will help if you're tired or discouraged by the content of the lecture， because you can ask your teacher questions to get to the bottom of the problems． Talking will also keep you engaged and alert． It might be helpful to make a goal for yourself to answer or ask at least 3questions per class．4.For example， you might say "I didn't understand the last part of the proof． Could you explain it again in more detail？"

Listen actively to the lesson． Active listening is a great way to force yourself to stay awake because it requires engagement of your mind as well as your body．5.To effectively listen to your teacher， you should try to maintain eye contact， face the speaker， pay close attention to what the speaker is saying and ask questions during a pause in the lecture．

A． Participate in class activities．

B． Develop interest in the subject．

C． If so， classrooms can be boring because you're tired．

D． Keep silent all the time and try to catch as much information as possible．

E． To avoid annoying your teacher you should try to keep your questions on topic．

F． You'll be more motivated to stay awake if you know that the teacher can see you easily．

G． Practicing active listening can help you keep your eyes open for the length of the lesson．

    Maths and Music An excellent way to kill a conversation is to say you are a mathematician． Tell others you are also a musician， however， and they will be hooked． Although there are obvious similarities between mathematical and musical activity， there is no direct evidence for the kind of magical connection many people seem to believe in．

I'm partly referring here to the "Mozart effect"， where children who have been playing Mozart compositions are supposedly more intelligent， including at maths， than other children． It is not hard to see why such a theory would be popular： we would all like to become better at maths without putting in any effort． But the conclusions of the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mozart effect were much more modest． If you want your brain to work better， you clearly have to put in hard work． As for learning to play the piano， it also takes effort．

Surely a connection is quite reasonable． Both maths and music deal with abstract structures， so if you become good at one， then it is likely that you become good at something more general that helps you with the other． If this is correct， it would show a connection between mathematical and musical ability． It would be more like the connection between abilities at football and tennis． To become better at one， you need to improve your fitness and coordination （协调）． That makes you better at sport and probably helps with the other．

Abstract structures don't exist only in maths and music． If you learn a language then you need to understand its abstract structures like grammar． Yet we don't hear people asking about a connection between mathematical and linguistic （语言的） ability． Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical， so it wouldn't be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar． Music， however， is strongly tied up with feelings and can be enjoyed even by people who know little about it． As such， it seems different from maths， so there wouldn't be any connection between the two．

Let's see how we solve problems of the "A is to B as C is to D" kind． These appear in intelligence tests but they are also important to both music and maths． Consider the opening of Mozart's Eine Kleine Nachtmusik （小夜曲）． The second phrase （小节） is a clear answer to the first． The listener thinks： "The first phrase goes upward and uses the notes of a G major chord （和弦）； what would be the corresponding phrase that goes downward and uses the notes of a D7？" Music is full of puzzles like this． If you are good at them， expectations will constantly be set up in your mind． The best moments surprise you by being unexpected， but we need the expectations in the first place．

1.What does the author say about "Mozart effect"？ ______

A. The goal of it was not carefully thought about．

B. The findings from it gave people wrong information．

C. The interest people showed in it was unexpected．

D. The way it was carried out proved to be ineffective．

2.The author mentioned football and tennis in Paragraph 3to show that ______ ．

A. football and tennis are played in a similar way．

B. certain skills may be developed through practice．

C. music and maths have something in common．

D. abstract structures bring benefits to various fields．

3.We can infer from Paragraph 4that ______ ．

A. language seems more like maths than music does．

B. language is less appealing to learners．

C. mathematicians are good at music learning．

D. the structure of language is easier to learn than that of music．

4.What does the writer intend to state in the last paragraph？ ______

A. How music differs from maths．

B. Why musicians possess mathematical abilities．

C. Why Mozart is so highly considered by mathematicians．

D. How abstract thinking applies to both music and maths．

    Blue Planet II's latest episode focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures． Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth， the Mariana Trench， have plastic in their stomachs． Indeed， the oceans are drowning in plastic．

Though it seems now that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics， consumerplastics are a remarkably recent invention． The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s； the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States． This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change． Plastics pollution research， for instance， is still a very early science．

We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be． What we do know， though， is disturbing． Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year． Nearly 700species， including endangered ones， are known to have been affected by it． One in three leatherback turtles， which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish， have been found with plastic in their bellies． Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis． By 2050， that figure is expected to rise to 100percent．

And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas． Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat． I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster， worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change． But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change． There are no ocean trash deniers （否认者）， at least so far． To do something about it， we don't have to remake our planet energy system．

This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is． We know how to pick up garbage． Anyone can do it． We know how to dispose （处理） of it． We know how to recycle． We can all start by thinking twice before we use single----use plastic products． Things that may seem ordinary， like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag----when taken collectively， these choices really do make a difference．

1.Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science？ ______

A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult．

B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal．

C. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics．

D. Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up．

2.How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3？ ______

A. By statistics．

B. By quotations from leading experts．

C. By using examples from his own experience．

D. By comparison and contrast．

3.What can we infer about climate change？ ______

A. Climate change is caused by human activities．

B. Some people hold some doubts about climate change．

C. Climate change is less important than ocean pollution．

D. Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change．

4.What is the main idea of this passage？ ______

A. Ocean plastic is a global issue．

B. The oceans become choked with plastic．

C. Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken．

D. Plastics gain in popularity all over the world

    Construction on Knolly's Tunnel began in 1896， and it was opened on August 13th， 1898 by the man it was named after--Sir Clement C． Knolly， Acting Governor of Trinidad． It linked Rio Claro with Port of Spain． Its architecture is still admired and studied today， and many are amazed that Knolly's Tunnel has stood up to the earth's movement over so many years．

Much research is being done on the tunnel． At the top of Knolly's Tunnel are cottages covered with leaves， where visitors can sit and enjoy the beauty of nature． Standing at the beginning of Knolly's Tunnel， you can see nothing but the tiny light at the end． The train tracks have been removed and replaced with small stones． Visitors can drive through the tunnel or walk through， but should do so in groups for safety． In the old days， there were no lights， but now there are street lights on the way to the tunnel， though not inside．

On your way in， you may notice some manholes on the walls of the tunnel． These were there for individuals to step into for safety as the train passed． Knolly's Tunnel can be accessed through Tabaquite and through Mitchell Gap． The road was recently improved， but is better when you enter from Tabaquite， and there are signs on the road directing you to Knolly's Tunnel．

On the drive to Knolly's Tunnel there are two other cottages where visitors can sit and just enjoy nature． At the site itself， there is nothing to purchase to eat or drink， but in Tabaquite there are several bars， a restaurant， and food outlets． A gas station and a health centre are also close by．

For those who admire architecture， Knolly's Tunnel is a must-see when visiting Trinidad． For the nature lovers， there is no better place for them to be and for the historians， they can walk or drive through Knolly's Tunnel knowing that many of our ancestors toiled （worked hard） on its structure． So when you visit Trinidad， don't forget to take a look at Knolly's Tunnel!

1.Knolly's Tunnel is special in ______ ．

A. its environment B. its function

C. its location D. its architecture

2.The underlined word "site" in the paragraph 4 refers to ______ ．

A. Trinidad B. Tabaquite

C. Mitchell Gap D. Knolly's Tunnel

3.What is the purpose of the passage？ ______

A. To suggest a visit to Knolly's Tunnel．

B. To introduce the history of Knolly's Tunnel．

C. To evaluate the value of Knolly's Tunnel．

D. To witness the change of Knolly's Tunnel

4.The passage above is probably taken from ______ ．

A. a geography textbook B. a travel journal

C. a sports report D. a health and fitness magazine

    Amsterdam's Best Flea MarketsIjhallen Flea Market

First or second weekend of every month

Perhaps the most impressive of them all is Ijhallen， located in the north of Amsterdam． With more than 1，500 stands and 3，000 free parking spaces， the monthly market attracts visitors from not only the Netherlands， but Europe-wide．

There is a five euro admission fee， but you can be pretty sure that you can browse second-hand treasures for most of the day． Anything and everything can be found here； old guitars and antique chairs， art prints and military gear．

Noordermarkt Flea Market

Saturday， 9am-4pm

Monday， 9am-2pm

In the centre of the Jordaan， the Noordermarkt Flea Market on Saturdays includes vintage（老式的） goods and organic food produce from local farmers．

On Mondays， the market transforms into an antique-hunter's goldmine． There are piles of vintage clothes， antique books， coins and furniture．

Waterloopein Market

Monday-Saturday， 9am-6pm

The most centrally located of all flea markets in Amsterdam， Waterlooplein Market offers visitors a range of snacks， second-hand clothes and vintage treasures．

There's a maze of second-hand goods， from old globes and hanging lamps， to African drums， antique rugs and used bikes．

Spui Book Market

Friday 10am-6pm

Ideally situated among bookstores， you'll find a collection of tents sheltering second-hand and antique books at the book market on Spui．

You can find a variety of literature from biographies and poetry to fantasy-fiction， history， psychology and geography． While most books are from the Netherlands， some English and international titles are for sale． As well as antique maps， prints and record．

1.Which flea market do you need to pay some extra money？ ______

A. Ijhallen Flea Market． B. Noordermarkt Flea Market．

C. Waterlooplein Market． D. Spui Book Market．

2.What can you pick up at Noordermarkt Flea Market？ ______

A. You can get enough parking space． B. You can choose a range of snacks．

C. You can buy some fresh vegetables． D. You can dig some gold mines here．

3.When is a good time to visit a favorite market for a crazy book fan？ ______

A. First weekend of every month． B. Friday， 10am-6pm．

C. Monday， 9am-6pm． D. Saturday， 9am-4pm．

成语是中国文化的重要组成部分．假定你是李华，你的外国笔友 Peter对中国成语很感兴趣，向你咨询有关中国成语的信息．请你写封邮件，介绍成语相关内容：

1． 成语的特点；2． 学习成语的益处；3． 自己学习成语感受和体会．

注意：

1． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2． 词数100左右；

3． 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．

Dear Peter，

I am glad that you are interested in Chinese idioms．

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours，

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词．

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．

注意：1． 每处错误及其修改均只限一词；

2． 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

This is a survey of students' after-class activities， that can reflect many problems we students have． Obvious，the percentage of the time that students spend doing their homework adds up 39%． The number of the students who do leisure activities come next，including watching TV，listening to the music and surfing the Internet． To our surprised，few students do sports or housework，with each choose by 10% and 5% of the students．

In my opinion， students are supposing to spend fewer time in front of the TV or the computer． We'd better go out to take some exercises and visit some friends!

语法填空

Once every 4 years the World Cup has always deeply attracted millions of fans around the world since it 1.（hold）． As 2.matter of fact， there were two trophies in history． The first was made by Paris' technician， Friel， who was very 3.（fame） for making jewelry． The model， which was the goddess of victory，4.（dress） in ancient Rome costume， stretching her arms and holding the image of the cup， stood on the marble base． According to the FIFA regulations at that time， the World Cup champion team could keep the gold cup for 4years to the next cup return． Besides， there was an additional 5.（require）． The team who won the three world championships would always get this cup．

In the 1970 World Cup， Brazil won the title the 6.（ three） time． The "Golden Goddess Cup" flew to Brazil and was expected to be kept there7.（permanent）． Unfortunately， later the Gold Cup was stolen and melted． 8.（create） a new trophy in 1971， FIFA finally collected fifty-three designs，9.which the work of Italian Gazania was selected． He designed the trophy --- two Herchles （大力神） lifted the design of the earth． The base is made up of two layers of precious malachite （孔雀石）． In reality， FIFA rules the new cup as a mobile prize． It means 10.team wins the championship can not occupy the cup forever．

    Have you ever imagined your future？ I try to do this all the time． Most of us will follow in our _______footsteps， by this I mean our adult lives will _______resemble the lives we live as children， set by our parents' examples． Have you ever _______and thought about this？ What an awful job it must be to _______a child properly! But， what happens to the children that live _______drugs， alcohol and violence in their childhood？ Where can they find good examples for themselves？

I know of one place that is trying to_______all children． It is the McDowell County D．A．R．E． program in McDowell County North Carolina． Our teachers carry on their shoulders the great_______of teaching kids to just say NO to drugs， alcohol and violence． I am personally acquainted with _______of these things， not because I have ever_______them myself， but because of my dad． He drank， _______drugs and smoked pot （抽大麻）． When I was 7 my mom took me and my sister and ______． I wonder if my dad ever thought about the _______and what this bad decision would lead to when he first started experimenting with drugs and pot at 13． He has been in jail， he can't get a decent job， and he lost his ______． These bad choices also caused him to hurt his children in horrible ways．

I am _______that I have at least one parent to help me make wise decisions， and to teach me right from wrong． I am also _______that the D．A．R．E． program is taught in our schools． One of the most _______things I learned from D．A．R．E． is that a person that has a parent with an addiction problem is more than twice as likely to become addicted themselves， as compared to a person that has no family history of drug ______． I have learned many things through this ______， especially about the consequences of our trying drugs． You could get arrested， hurt yourself or someone else，_______ your life by becoming an addict， or even die． All of these things are terrible， but I can't think of anything _______as a parent than hurting our children and the people that love us． DRUGS DESTROY LIVES! I give the D．A．R．E． program two thumbs up， for all the good things being accomplished．

1.A. grandma's B. brother's C. parents' D. teachers'

2.A. closely B. loosely C. hardly D. physically

3.A. lived B. stopped C. started D. decided

4.A. praise B. understand C. appreciate D. raise

5.A. on B. over C. in D. for

6.A. treat B. represent C. reach D. persuade

7.A. pressure B. responsibility C. probability D. advantage

8.A. both B. all C. none D. neither

9.A. smoked B. accepted C. tried D. refused

10.A. ate B. sold C. took D. bought

11.A. went B. wept C. begged D. left

12.A. reasons B. possibilities C. program D. consequences

13.A. patience B. temper C. family D. position

14.A. lucky B. aware C. sure D. clear

15.A. concerned B. disappointed C. curious D. grateful

16.A. important B. exciting C. strange D. attractive

17.A. sales B. purchases C. abuse D. production

18.A. behavior B. program C. experience D. action

19.A. destroy B. build C. save D. lose

20.A. wiser B. easier C. worse D. better

    Radar is an electronic device that detects planes， ships， coastlines， landmarks， and even storm clouds． The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging． As the human eye uses light waves to see， radar "sees" with radio waves． Without radar， planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog．1.

In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects． But scientists did not make great advances in radar research until the 1930s， when the world was threatened by war．2.It has been used widely in almost every conflict since then．

Echoes make it possible for radar to work． When a beam of radio waves is sent out， it strikes on an object and returns an echo． This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screen． On the screen an observer sees a flash， or a blip， that shows the direction and distance of the object．3.

Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings． Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships．4.Weather forecasters "see" the size， direction， and speed of storms on radar screens． Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance to the moon． Thus， the device has generated major advancements．

5.Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States． They guard us against possible enemy attacks． We have ballistic-missiles （战略导弹）warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1，000 miles away． Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites．

A．Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars．

B．These measurements are now highly accurate．

C．The device can be used in a wide range of fields．

D．It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers．

E．During World War II many countries used radar effectively．

F．Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters．

G．Strengthening national defense is one of radar's most important functions．

    The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies （自由民主）． It indicates a positive meaning． Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities． Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other． The press is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing a different view or holding a different religious belief． A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy． A tolerant individual is connected with virtuous qualities．

The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey．

The word tolerance means to bear， or to bear with． If I tolerate something or someone， I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him． I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour． The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon， which I find difficult to bear． A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an objectionable phenomenon． By tolerating either of them， I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena． Let's be honest： I don't have a different taste when it comes to bad smells． I simply dislike it and hope that it disappears． I don't respect the noisy neighbour． I would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace．

The subject tolerating is by nature not equal to the object being tolerated． If I tolerate you， I essentially say that I am above you and am prepared， although unwillingly， to bear with your presence or with your practices or opinions． That may be true in the case of an individual who is ready to tolerate the other． However， this attitude by such an individual， though empirically true， is hardly a virtue． Certainly， the fact that an individual， in reality， may merely tolerate the other or his opinion does not justify a government or any official authority promoting tolerance as a virtue． One cannot tolerate an equal being． True equality involves respect， not toleration． To respect the other as a distinctive person is hardly to tolerate him． This is the true meaning of equality： diversity existing in a mutually-respectful socio-legal setting．

A tolerant attitude involves the grant of a favour， not a right． The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament to make laws considering us， as individuals and as part of a collective entity or a permission to pursue certain actions interpreted as a favour rather than a right？ Indeed， would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us？

1.The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that ______ ．

A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democracies

B. democratic society always advocates tolerance

C. people's understanding of tolerance is one-sided

D. tolerance can be applied to many situations

2.The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indicate that ______ ．

A. the writer are fed up with them

B. most people find them hard to tolerate

C. the writer isn't prejudiced against them

D. tolerating them isn't a virtuous act

3.The main idea of Paragraph 4is that ______ ．

A. tolerance shows an unequal relationship

B. most people promote tolerance as a virtue

C. people should show respect for each other

D. tolerance has nothing to do with respect

4.Which can be the best title for this passage？ ______

A. Tolerance and Respect B. What Is to Be Tolerated？

C. Is Tolerance a Virtue？ D. Should People Be Tolerant？

    "Tiny tubes and filaments （丝状物） in some Canadian rock appear to be the oldest known fossils， giving new support for some ideas about how life began，" a new study says．

"The features are mineralized remains of what appear to be bacteria that lived some 3.77billion to 4.28billion years ago，" the scientist said． That would be older than some other rock features found in Greenland， which were considered to be the fossils last August．

The new results come from examining rock found along the eastern shore of Hudson Bay in Northern Quebec． The filaments and tubes， made up of iron oxide called hematite （赤铁矿），appeared within a rock type called jasper （碧玉）．

Matthew Dodd of University College London， an author of the study published Wednesday by Nature， said the living things lived in the seafloor where water was heated by a volcano． "Since the fossils are nearly as old as Earth， which formed some 4.5 billion years ago， the findings support previous indications that life may have begun in such an environment，" he said．

He and his colleagues presented several lines of evidence to support the idea that tiny tubes and filaments are signatures of past life． But two experts who've previously reported similar findings said they are not convinced．

"I would say they are not fossils，" Martin J． Van Kranendonk of the University of New South Wales in Australia， who reported the Greenland findings last year， wrote in an email． "The paper's evidence for a biological origin falls short，" he said．

Abigail Allwood， a NASA geologist， said the authors have produced one of the most detailed cases yet made for evidence of life in rocks older than 3.5 billion years． But "It's an extraordinary claim to make and you do need extraordinary evidence，" she said．

1.What do Matthew， Martin and Abigail have in common？ ______

A. They have been studying rock features．

B. They are working in the same university．

C. They all made a contribution to the Greenland findings．

D. They have discovered the oldest known fossils in the same place．

2.How does Martin feel about the new study？ ______

A. It confirms the biological origin．

B. It ignores the Greenland findings．

C. It needs more to convince people．

D. Its authors take ideas and words from his．

3.What's Abigail Allwood's attitude toward Matthew's findings？ ______

A. Supporting． B. Disapproving．

C. Indifferent． D. Neutral．

4.The new findings can make people know something about ______ ．

A. the process of fossil formation

B. how life started on the earth

C. how to examine rock and find fossils

D. how the earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago

    Earlier this month， the University of Glasgow in Scotland launched a course entitled： D'oh! The Simpsons Introduce Philosophy． The course's aim is to ease students into the typically heavy topic by relating it to the popular cartoon family．

"The Simpsons is one of the modern world's greatest cultural artifacts， partly because it is so full of philosophy，" John Donaldson， creator of the course， told the BBC． "Aristotle， Kant， Marx， Camus and many other great thinkers' ideas are represented in what is arguably the purest of philosophical forms - the comic cartoon．"

While this may seem like an unusual way to attract pupils to a traditionally dull topic， this class isn't the first of its kind． In 2009， Liverpool Hope University in the UK began offering a master's degree on the music of internationally known 60's group The Beatles， which still runs today． The following year， the UK's Durham University gave students the chance to enroll on a Harry Potter-themed module， covering contents such as "Gryffindor and Slytherin： prejudice and intolerance in the classroom" and "muggles and magic"．

To some， these courses may seem like a waste of a valuable education， but Donaldson believes that packaging certain topics into something easier to relate to will enhance the learning experience， without distraction from the main subject． "Firstly， scholars want to be taken seriously by other scholars and ideas like this can be seen as not serious，" he tells iNews． "There are definitely ways to incorporate popular culture into academic subjects that still remains substantial and doesn't take away from the quality of the ideas．"

Already booked full， Donaldson's Simpsons class isn't meant to be taken as seriously， however． The lecturer says that his one-day course， which will pose philosophical questions around morality， free will， and religion by relating them to scenarios from The Simpsons， aims to introduce students to his area of expertise greatly while they have a bit of fun．

1.From Paragraph 2， we can learn that ______ ．

A. many great thinkers appear in The Simpsons

B. The Simpsons contains many philosophical ideas

C. John Donaldson creates the cartoon The Simpsons

D. the main reason for The Simpsons' success is its philosophy

2.The third paragraph is developed mainly ______ ．

A. by making a comparison

B. by following the order of time

C. by analyzing the process

D. by giving examples

3.What does the underlined word " scenarios" in the last paragraph mean？ ______

A. Characters． B. Settings．

C. Plots． D. Images．

4.The passage mainly talks about ______ ．

A. a creative philosophy course

B. a popular comic cartoon

C. a reform of traditional subjects

D. an enterprising lecturer

    If you are heading for Paris this year， be sure to include at least one of these shopping malls in your schedule．

Au Printemps

Tel： 01133014282

Located near the Paris Opera， this huge store is well-known for household goods as well as its fashion． The tore also offers many services to overseas visitors， including shipping， translation and a personal shopping service． Au Printemps， whose name means springtime， hosts several free fashion shows each week． The store's beauty department has one of the world's largest selections of perfumes．

Galeries Lafayatte

Tel： 01133014283

The Galeries Lafayette was built in 1906． It is as much fun to look at as it is to shop in this 10-storey shopping palace． In fact， the flagship store is the second most visited attraction in Paris． After the Louvre Museum． This shopping palace specializes in women's clothing． Make sure to take in the view from the tea shop on the top floor； it's well worth the visit．

Le Bon Marche

Tel： 01133014439

This stylish Left Bank department store was Paris' first such store． Designed by Gustave Eiffel， Le Bon Marche is particularly known for its food hall， its wedding shops and its selection of modern clothes．

La Forum des Halles

Tel： 01133014476

This modern， underground shopping center was built in 1979． La Forum des Halles， the three-storey-tall shopping center offers everything from souvenirs to haute couture（高级女子时装）to entertainment， such as first-run movies and street performers． The shopping center is attached to the busy La Halle-Chatelet metro station and can be easily reached from all over Paris．

1.Which of the following places attracts the most visitors according to the passage？ ______

A. The Louvre Museum． B. The Paris Opera．

C. La Forum des Halles． D. Au Printemps．

2.Which of the stores pays its special attention to women's dressing？ ______

A. Le Bon Marche． B. Galeries Lafayette．

C. La Forum des Halles． D. Au Printemps．

3.We can learn from the passage that ______ ．

A. Au Printemps is famous for its food hall．

B. La Forum des Halles is next to the metro station．

C. the clothes in Le Bin Marche are usually very cheap．

D. the tea shop that is worth visiting is on the ninth floor of Galeries Lafayette．