What will higher education look like in 2050? That was the question addressed Tuesday night by Michael Crow, president of Arizona State University.

“We’re at the end of the fourth wave of change in higher education,” Crow began, arguing that research universities followed the initial establishment of higher education, public colleges, and land-grant schools in the timeline of America.

In less than a half-century, he said, global market competition will be at its fastest rates of change ever, with several multi-trillion-dollar economies worldwide. According to a recent projection, the nation’s population could reach 435 million, with a large percentage of those residents economically disadvantaged. In addition, climate change will be “meaningfully uncontrollable” in many parts of the world.

The everyday trends seen today, such as declining performance of students at all levels, particularly in math and science, and declining wages and employment among the less educated, will only continue, Crow maintained, and are, to say the least, not contributing to fulfilling the dream of climbing the social ladder mobility, quality of life, sustainable environment, and longer life spans that most Americans share.

“How is it that we can have these great research universities and have negative-trending outcomes?” Crow said in a talk “I hold the universities accountable. … We are part of the problem.”

Among the “things that we do that make the things that we teach less learnable,” Crow said, are the strict separation of disciplines, academic rigidity, and conservatism, the desire of universities to imitate schools at the top of the social ranks, and the lack of the computer system ability that would allow a large number of students to be educated for a small amount of money.

Since 2002, when Crow started being in charge at Arizona State — which he calls the “new American university” — he has led more than three dozen initiatives that aim to make the school “inclusive, scalable, fast, adaptive, challenge-focused, and willing to take risks.”

Among those initiatives were a restructuring of the engineering and life sciences schools to create more linkages between disciplines; the launch of the School of Earth and Space Exploration and the School of Sustainability; the start of a Teachers College to address K-12 performance and increase the status of the Education Department at the university; and broadened access, increasing the freshman class size by 42 percent and the enrollment of students living below the poverty line by 500 percent.

Universities must start, Crow noted, “by becoming self-reflective architects, figuring out what we have and what we actually need instead of what legend tells us we have to be.” Research universities today have “run their course,” he added. “Now is the time for variety.”

During a discussion afterward, Crow clarified and expanded on some of his points. He discussed, for example, the school’s distance-learning program. “Nearly 40 percent of undergraduates are taking at least one course online,” he said, which helps the school to keep costs down while advancing interactive learning technologies.

He said that Arizona State is working to increase the transfer and completion rates of community-college students, of whom only about 15 percent, historically, complete their later degrees. “We’ve built a system that will allow them to track into universities,” particularly where “culturally complex barriers” beyond finances limit even the most gifted students.

1.The fourth wave of change in America’s higher education refers to _______.

A. public colleges B. land-grant schools

C. initial higher education D. research universities

2.Which is NOT part of the American dream most people share?

A. People enjoy a quality life. B. People live longer and longer.

C. The freedom to move around. D. An environment that is sustainable.

3.Which is an initiative adopted by Crow at Arizona State University?

A. Restructuring the teachers College.

B. Launching the School of Life Sciences.

C. Ignoring the linkages between disciplines.

D. Enrolling more students from poor families.

4.With the distance-learning program, Arizona State University is able to ______.

A. enroll 40% of its students online

B. provide an even greater number of courses

C. attract the most gifted students all over the world

D. keep costs down without a loss of quality

    With the explosion of consumer choices in recent history, the latest must-haves would surely need to be upgraded more often than every 10 years. In 2002 a computer and basic mobile phone would have been enough for most people, but now? The public need a trendy notebook computer and a smart phone with WiFi connection to feel they are up-to-date. So when will we have enough things? When will we finally be happy? Well, it looks like the things we buy today will barely keep us satisfied for a few months.

In the eyes of some psychologists, far from making us happy, greater consumer choice creates many serious psychological problems. A fundamental principle of the society is that more freedom is better and more choice in the marketplace means more freedom. Therefore more choice leads to more happiness. This is not the case, however.

Imagine you go to a café offering chocolate and vanilla ice cream. You choose the chocolate and eat it happily. But what if the café serves 50 kinds of ice cream? You choose chocolate and then start to worry, “maybe blueberry would have been better, perhaps the half-fat ice cream would have been healthier. Stupid me, all these choices and I didn’t make the best one! ”

In China’s major cities we have now passed the point where more consumer choice is making us happier. We are annoyed by all the options we have, disappointed because our expectations are so high and angered at ourselves when we don’ t make a perfect choice every time.

A newspaper reporter tells a story about traveling on a plane with high-speed Internet access. He thought this was amazing—the newest piece of technology he had heard of. Then the service went down. The man next to him was angry and swore. The reporter thought, “How quickly the world owes him something he knew existed only 10 seconds ago!”

1.What is the text mainly talking about?

A. Hi-tech and consumer needs.

B. Computers and smart phones.

C. Wireless products and WiFi connection.

D. Diverse choices and consumer satisfaction.

2.What may some psychologists think of the consumer demand in the café?

A. The consumer has mental problems.

B. More choice means more freedom.

C. Variety leads to unhappiness.

D. The shop provides too many choices.

3.Why was the man next to the reporter quite annoyed?

A. The net connection was interrupted. B. Someone owed him money.

C. The air hostess offered poor service. D. The pleasure lasted only 10 seconds.

4.What does the underlined word “swore” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Fell asleep. B. Said rude words.

C. Made promises. D. Became amazed.

    Three boys were enjoying themselves in their hometown of Bovina, Mississippi. However, their lives were turned upside down when they discovered the jawbone of a Mastodon (齿乳象).

Brothers Shawn and Caid Sellers and cousin Michael Mahalitc found the prehistoric bone in a piece of earth that was recently plowed (犁、耕). “I thought it was a log,” Caid said. “I tried to pick it up and it was really heavy and I saw teeth on it.” The bone weighed about 50 pounds. They eventually got the bone to their home and fitted it in their tub (浴盆), but it took their collective strength, might and a golf cart, to carry the large Mastodon bone.

“They didn’t expect to find that,” Michael’s mom said. “Now that they have, I believe that they will be more aware of their surroundings and what they’re digging up when they are digging and playing.”

“We’ve gotten a lot of petrified (石化的) wood and Civil War relics from the area and that’s what I thought it was,” the brothers’ mother said. “This is our first set of teeth we’ve found. So we thought it was their imagination. We were quite surprised to see that it was not their imagination.”

They were exploring near the brothers’ home. Lo and behold (真想不到), they saw what they thought resembled a fossil. It was the curator of paleontology (古生物负责人) of the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, George Phillips, who first identified the bone as a “very mature individual.”

The Mastodon was a mammal who lived during the prehistoric times. They had long tusks and trunks, like elephants. They were clearly different from their modern-day counterparts, as well as woolly mammoths (猛犸).

1.How did they find the jawbone of a Mastodon?

A. With great efforts. B. By chance.

C. Instructed by an expert. D. Through imagination.

2.At first the brothers’ mother thought the jawbone was________.

A. from people who died in the Civil War B. the bone from a very mature individual

C. like a log or something D. the prehistoric bone

3.The discovery of the jawbone of a Mastodon is important mainly because it________.

A. helps people to know more about the Civil War

B. teaches kids to be more aware of their surroundings

C. promotes the research on more prehistoric creatures

D. attracts the Mississippi Museum of Natural Science

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the article?

A. Prehistoric Bones Recently Found in Mississippi

B. Not Petrified Wood Nor Civil War Relics

C. First Identifying Bone as a “Very Mature Individual”

D. Unexpectedly Discovering Mastodon Jawbone

Confucius Institute

The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture.

★Class Fees

The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab)

★Class Calendar

The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays.

The upcoming class sessions will be:

Spring 2018:  February 1- April 7

Summer 2018: June 13- August 25

Tentative class calendar:

The schedule may change due to teacher availability.

★Class Cancellations

Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class.

★Contact Information

The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S.E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign.

Office hours

The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a.m. until 4: 30 p.m.

The office is closed daily from12:.00 noon until 1: 00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays.

Office Address

160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414

Phone: 612625-5080

Fax: 612-625-5158

Email: confucius@ umn. edu

1.Chinese Rehab ________________.

A. costs more money

B. is held on Monday

C. lasts one and a half hours

D. has four classes a week

2.To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ___________.

A. on Monday noon

B. at 12:30 a.m., Tuesday

C. on Wednesday evening

D. at 1: 30 p.m., Friday

3.What is True about the classes?

A. The schedule may be changeable.

B. They can be one-to-one instruction.

C. They are held on University holidays.

D. They start at the beginning of the University semester.

假定你是李华，在你校学习的交换生Peter 在暑假欲回国看望父母朋友，他请你帮忙推荐几件具有中国特色的礼品。请给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：

1、推荐礼品：中国结（Chinese knot）、毛笔（Writing brush）等；

2、推荐理由；

3、恳请他考虑你的建议。

注意：1、词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；

2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter,

I have known that you will go back to your country to spend the summer holiday.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I’m a high school students in China. History is one of my most favorite subjects. My friends always laugh me because they don’t understand why I’m such enthusiastic about history. They say it’s bored and it’s the useless subject. But I don’t think so. In their opinion, history taught us who we are and where we come from. I enjoy look back at points in the past and thinking about why certain decisions were making. I believe I can develop the skill of making decisions through studying history.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个词）或括号内单词正确形式填空。

Digging through kids' school bags, looking up all the assignments, sitting beside them going through each item, and finally 1.(have) all the homework checked with a name signed is a 2.(day)routine for most Chinese parents, as required by teachers. A demanding task especially after a long day’s work at office, isn’t it? 3.（lucky）, some parents in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, have been liberated. A local primary school has recently announced that parents will no longer have to sign their names on their kids' homework, as students should be responsible 4.their own assignments.

Making mistakes is 5.essential part of the process of understanding. Who cares how much you 6.(score) in your homework after you have settled down in life and found your directions? The ability to realize one's mistakes and learn from them is what matters, 7. is also the main purpose of education. Why not give students a chance 8.(find) out and correct their mistakes themselves?

It is by no 9.（mean）parents' duty to go through the kids' assignments. 10. parents are supposed to do is to create a friendly studying environment for kids, and teach them to be an independent learner. After all, independent learning is much more important than high scores.

    In the 1950s, I was an only child of a single mother , living in a modest cottage in New Zealand. There was no TV and very little _______to spend on entertainment. _______we had our books and enjoyed _______better than reading aloud to each other. My mother read me The Faraway Tree Stories, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Treasure Island and poetry as well. _______I turned seven, I was able to take my _______at the reading role, and we spent many pleasant evenings laughing over _______ characters.

In 1964, I was 18 and moved to Auckland, but we still phoned each other and talked about books. Years later, Mum’s eyesight began to _______. She found it _______difficult to read the small print of her beloved books. She enjoyed looking at magazines but missed _______up with the latest books by her favourite __________.

Later, I became a Special Needs library assistant and my __________was to select books for __________impaired（损伤的）people. In time, I introduced my mother to large-print novels and audio-books, which gave her a great deal of __________as her eyesight grew more dim(模糊的).

In her 70s, Mum’s choice of reading seemed to __________to mainly murder mystery stories. I was __________to see that, so I bought her a more “worthy” audio-book. The next day, I asked, “How are you getting on with that latest book?” “Oh, not so well,” she replied__________. I didn’t try to “improve” my mother’s literary __________after that.

A few years ago Mum __________away. There are still so many thing I’d like to tell her. I’d like to __________her for her early guidance in the __________world of books. And I’m happy to say that I’m also into audio-books now.

1.A. time B. money C. energy D. interest

2.A. Though B. However C. But D. And

3.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing

4.A. When B. Unless C. If D. Until

5.A. chance B. turn C. responsibility D. part

6.A. real B. innocent C. funny D. happy

7.A. fall B. fail C. lose D. drop

8.A. increasingly B. quickly C. slowly D. suddenly

9.A. catching B. keeping C. ending D. coming

10.A. readers B. publishers C. authors D. assistants

11.A. task B. dream C. plan D. promise

12.A. mentally B. physically C. bodily D. visually

13.A. anxiety B. joy C. passion D. sympathy

14.A. narrow down B. open up C. change D. remove

15.A. desperate B. content C. sad D. pleased

16.A. positively B. awkwardly C. coldly D. eventually

17.A. choice B. taste C. level D. degree

18.A. went B. gave C. moved D. passed

19.A. appreciate B. express C. thank D. impress

20.A. wonderful B. abstract C. accessible D. ambiguous

    With modern technology, much written communication tends to focus on the keyboard, but handwriting is still a necessary and important skill.1.Here are some tips for you to improve your handwriting.

Examine Your Handwriting

2. Look through your writing to decide what makes it difficult to read or what makes it unattractive. Perhaps you write your letters too small. Check on spacing of letters and words, and proper formation of letters. If your letters are small, put more effort into writing larger letters. If certain letters trip you up, practice those letters separately and within words.

Write Correctly

Positioning and technique play a role in how your handwriting looks. Hold the pen between your thumb and first two fingers so that it rests against your fingers. Hold it firmly enough to control the tip but not so hard that it hurts your fingers. Lighter pressure on the paper helps you create smooth lines and focus on your letter formation.3.

4.

Letters are formed from several basic strokes(笔划). Practice those strokes separately to get your hand used to forming them. Strokes found in letters include vertical lines, horizontal lines, and circles. Build on those to practice specific letters.

Write for a Purpose

Teach young children handwriting in meaningful contexts. Use that same idea by picking up a pen to write lists and notes by hand instead of typing. Keep a journal daily with slow, correct strokes.  5.These true and sincere writing opportunities make the practice meaningful.

A. Build on Basics.

B. Practice makes perfect

C. Focus on improving your correctness instead of speed

D. Writing at a slower speed also helps you focus on letter formation

E. Put a handwritten letter in the mail to surprise a friend or a relative

F. Handwriting requires your brain, eyes and hands to work together to form letters.

G. Before you can improve your handwriting, you need to know where you’re falling apart.

    As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in , we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.

While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.

For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university’s Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.

Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What’s more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.

If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health.

“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients’ scores on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime,” Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study’s lead author, told The Huffington Post. “People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.”

1.What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1?

A. Realized the benefits of sunshine. B. Avoid hibernating in springtime.

C. Curl up in a blanket in cold weather. D. Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather.

2.The underlined word “soar”in Paragraph 5 most probably means “            ”?

A. Rise sharply. B. Vary unstably.

C. Drop slightly. D. Change greatly.

3.What does the passage say about the research done by BYU?

A. It is done on normal adults of various ages.

B. It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher alone.

C. It concludes the sunshine means happiness.

D. It finds that temperature affects mental health.

4.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energetic.

B. The research findings are inconsistent with the popular belief.

C. The more sunshine we get, the less excited we are likely to feel.

D. The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.

    Coming to the end of my assistantship in Barcelona, I start to think about what the future might hold.

It’s been seven months and a few days since I arrived here and things have changed so much in what some might call a short period of time. When I first arrived in Terrassa I was excited and nervous to start a new adventure in a country I love. The first few days seem so long ago now, trying to find a place to live, organizing my timetable with the schools, meeting new people.

However, a fortnight later, the excitement started to fade and I began to spend more than a few nights thinking about family and friends back home, wondering if I should be there with them. Everything started to change after meeting some new friends and spending good time with them, eating together and seeing new places as a group. I suppose we should never forget how important it is to have good people in your life, because they can make a difference.

Coming back to Terrassa after visiting home for Christmas felt like returning to a second home, to a place that was mine with people I cared about. Things got even busier and more people came into my life; new friends, romance and a whole lot of good food flowed by in what seems to have been weeks, not months.

Now, looking forward, there are some decisions to make. Should I return home to Scotland and move on with life there or try to extend my time here, perhaps make it something permanent? Experiencing other cultures or learning about the world is such an important thing to do if you have the means.

My advice from my experience so far is to travel and try new things whenever you get the opportunity. You may find somewhere you were always supposed to be.

1.Why did the author go to Barcelona?

A. To meet his curiosity. B. To conduct his work.

C. To begin a new adventure. D. Do experience a new culture.

2.When did the author begin to feel homesick?

A. As soon as he set foot on Terrassa.

B. When he was considering his future.

C. After a few weeks’ stay in Terrassa.

D. When he was trying to find a living place.

3.What is the author unsure about?

A. Where to spend his future life.

B. How to enjoy his life in Terrassa.

C. What to do to extend his time in Terrassa.

D. Whether to celebrate Christmas with locals.

4.What has the author learned from his experience?

A. Having a clear idea of oneself is important.

B. Traveling alone brings a great many benefits.

C. Learning about the world makes life more colorful.

D. Keeping an open mind toward new things is necessary.

    Nowadays, top performing sportsmen earn huge amount of money as compared to people in other professions. Some people consider it a rational approach. However, there are a few who think it is unjustifiable.

Some people think sports professionals with outstanding performance should be overpaid as it is a short-lived career which requires rigorous hard work as compared to other professions. This field demands a strict, disciplined life with extensive physical efforts, consistent practice, a fixed diet schedule to bring pride and glory to the country. Due to such tough requirements, people in this field have an average career span of 10-15 years. As sports professionals have limited tenure, they should be rewarded with high monetary gains to acknowledge their excellent performance.

However, there are a few who think that top performing sportsmen and women should not have high salaries as it is a biased approach. They feel that there are other critical professions which are more valuable to the country as compared to the sports field. For example, the professions, like doctors, social worker, works for the betterment of the society. Their efforts not only help to reduce the social issues prevailing in the community, but they also contribute in providing a healthy environment. As a result, they significantly contribute to the growth of the country. Henceforth, their efforts should be equally recognized along with the sports professionals.

In my opinion, although there are some logical reasons for huge earnings of the top performing players, people from other professions should also be equally appreciated in terms of lucrative monetary benefits for their outstanding contribution. As all the professions are critical in their own field and contributes to the overall development of the country.

To conclude, sports people delivering excellent performance should not be overpaid in comparison to other professionals who make a significant contribution to the society.

1.A key reason for overpaying sports professionals with outstanding performance is that    .

A. they work harder than others B. they have to keep a strict diet

C. their career is relatively short D. they meet tough requirements

2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A. Some people look down on sportsmen.

B. Valuing sports can lead to prejudice.

C. Not all professions can get great incomes.

D. Not all professions can get great incomes.

3.What’s the author’s attitude towards overpaying top sportsmen?

A. Opposing. B. Supportive.

C. Ambiguous. D. Unconcerned.

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. People’s various attitudes to top sportsmen.

B. Whether top sportsmen should be overpaid.

C. Top sportsmen bring honor to their homeland.

D. Overpaying top sportsmen harms other professions.

Upcoming Events of New York Chinese Cultural Center

Fan Dance

Sunday, September8, 2:00pm-3:00 pm, $15 per child

New-York Historical Society Museum & Library

Learn Chinese fan dancing with an instructor from NYCCC! This program is a part of an exhibition which examines the history of trade and immigration between China and the United States.

Dragon Boat Festival

Friday, September13,2:00pm -2:30pm

Fresh Meadows Park

Come and celebrate with us in the thousand-year-old tradition of Dragon Boat racing! Be part of the audience and enjoy the excitement of this celebration. FREE ADMISSION! Click here for more information. Dragon Boat Festival will be held in Fresh Meadows Park.

Dance to China

Sunday, September15, 2 pm

Spruce Street School Auditorium, 12 Spruce St, New York, NY 10038

Join us in celebrating 43 years of preserving and continuing Chinese traditional dance. Students from NYCCC School of the Arts will be performing traditional Chinese dance, martial arts, and Beijing opera . Cost is $15 for adults, $12 for teenagers and senior citizens, $10 for children under 12.

NYCCC School of the Arts Open House

Saturday, September21, from 1:00pm -3:00 pm, $12 per child

PS 124, Yung Wing School, 40 Division Street, New York, NY 10002

Join us and see Chinese dance, kung fu, and acrobatic (杂技的)performances performed by our current students. Come and see our students’ beautiful artwork on display and make some artwork yourselves during our hour of arts and crafts and face painting from 1-2 pm. The show will be from 2-3pm.

1.Where can you learn about China-US trade and immigration history?

A. In New-York Historical Society Museum & Library.

B. In PS 124, Yung Wing School.

C. In Spruce Street School Auditorium.

D. In Fresh Meadows Park.

2.How much should a family of 4 (aged 75, 38, 36, 5) pay to participate in Dance to China?

A. $48. B. $ 52.

C. $55. D. $ 57.

3.What does NYCCC aim at?

A. Training dancing instructors. B. Producing beautiful artwork.

C. Promoting Chinese folk arts. D. Examining trade and immigration.

请阅读下面图画和文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

（写作内容）

1.上面图文信息中的Mati的情况实际上反映了一种社会现象,请以约30词阐述这种现象的主要内容；

2.你认为人们该以什么样的态度来对待这种社会现象?是将它当做一种社会问题加以干涉,还是当做一种正常现象给予理解?请给出理由论证你的观点(至少三点)

（写作要求）

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称

3.不必写标题

（评分标准）

内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的橫线上。

Do the right Thing

In life, people feel most satisfied when they choose options that side with their most deeply values. Here's how to stay true to yours.

If you hope to have your life shaped according to your ideals, you have to know what those ideals are. Perhaps begin sessions by identifying the concepts that are most important from a list:honesty, structure, family and so on. Those qualities are influenced by your parents. your culture and society as a whole, but you have to take ownership of your own decisions.

Almost all of these qualities are things most of us desire to hold dear. To determine which principles are more than just desires, reflect on situations that resonate(t ng) with yourself.

Identifying your values will guide you in the right direction, but a few strategies can help you follow through. Before you make a big decision, do something that will put you in high spirits:exercise, socialize with friends, volunteer. Researchers theorize that such activities improve our mood, which promotes dopamine levels in certain areas of the brain, improving our cognitive abilities and helping us weigh different options.

Trouble is the toughest decisions often arrive at the most inconvenient times. when you’re under force. ask a family member. a friend or. in certain cases, a professional for advice. They can provide advice that's not slightly influenced by the work deadline, or leaky roof gradually weakening your mental energy.

Of course. people make decisions that contradict their ideals all the time. There are lots of values we hold dear and they frequently come into conflict with one another It's not so much that people don' t know what they want: it's that there are many things we desire, and we don’t always know how.

While a single decision can seem like a tug-of-war between competing desires, broader life choices don' t need to be a definitive either/or question. One who likes traveling worldwide might temporarily put off a grand trip to explore locations closer to home or commit to setting aside time for vacation with their family every summer, no matter what else comes up.

Surround yourself with people who, besides sharing your passion, can also prevent you from hesitating. A group can remind you, Hey, were doing this because we love it. "If you're still struggling. even after seeking out community support, there's no shame in revising your core values. If you're determined to take part in a charity program but spend the evening with friends instead, it may be time to accept that friendship is more important to you than volunteerism.Better yet, find opportunities to continue the charity program with your friends.

You may learn that what you believed was a core priority actually has much more to do with living: up to what your parents, co-workers or others expect. If your values agree with who you really are, no ie will have to ask you to make those choices.

    If you are not reading this on a screen then you hold in your hands one of humanity’s world-changing inventions. Yet that power has not been matched by fame: paper delights in self-modesty, pointing you to the words on its surface and so acting only as a stage for ideas and arguments that have changed history.

Without that stage, the written and printed word would have attracted only a small audience.All the alternatives to paper commonly used throughout our pre-digital history have been too rare, too heavy, too expensive or too inconvenient to deliver words to a wide number of people,let alone a mass readership

Paper has enabled writers to reach unprecedented(前所未有) numbers throughout history.Among them were the Buddhist missionary translators from South and Central Asia who brought their religion to China almost two thousand years ago. The paper age has its outstanding personalities: Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, whose collected works when combined fill more than 200 volumes.

For many of us, it has only been the rise of digital media that has finally opened our eyes to papers striking existence everywhere. Of course, paper has found thousands of roles for itself,writing aside. Your bedside lamp glows through a paper cover and the cups in the office coffee machine are made from paper. It can be as common and practical as a bus ticket or it can be treasured and expensive as the carrier of the worlds best-loved painting.

It is clear that many predictions of paper's extinction have been premature-and greatly overstated. Much of the 400 million tons of paper produced annually is absolutely necessary to our way of life. The bigger question, of course, concerns the one role paper has had that has been transformative for the world. namely as the carrier of written or printed text. Already,it is leaving much of the difficult work of words to digital media, and many of its centuries-old roles have already been largely transferred to the screen. There is also a sense in which paper has itself become a subject, rather than simply a medium. This began to become clear in art several decades ago. as paper became not simply the backdrop (背景) for art but, in a few cases, the stuff of the art itself.

This doesn’t mean that papers uses as a vehicle for words will end, but it does signal a slowing down. More than that, it signals that paper's greatest virtues are no longer good enough.Those virtues enabled unprecedented periods of cultural expansiveness. just as they encouraged knowledge, beliefs and ideas to move further down the socio-cconomic ladder. Yet such transformative qualities are shared by paper's digital opponent(对手), and paper can no longer compete on speed of delivery, scale of information immediately available, or ease of access.

Paper's historic dynamism(活力)has received its first great challenge and, in many aspects,it appears to be losing Nostalgia(怀旧)simply dismisses paper to a museum piece. But there are reasons to think that the dynamism that paper has exhibited over some 20 centuries will not be transferred totally to digital media. There are a few practical reasons. Electric power is always needed for digital media, of course. More importantly, anything online can, potentially, be hacked into. Your own reading choices can be viewed from the other side of the world. Even what you write can be viewed and changed or deleted. But it is the ownership of knowledge that matters most. As Amazon recently reminded a kindle reader who had lost the text of a book he was reading. you do not "own" your books on Kindle, as you own a physical book. You simply have the right to access them.

The digital revolution certainly provides unprecedented access to knowledge. But it is access only. Text that you can hold, shelve and own, due to paper, will always have a magic all its own.

1.Why does paper not have well-deserved fame?

A. Much information is available on a screen.

B. It takes great delight in being modest.

C. Only a small crowd enjoys the benefits of it.

D. It always guides readers to focus more on itself.

2.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 implies that the digital media      .

A. ignores the existence of paper

B. promotes the wide use of paper

C. replaces the functions of paper

D. helps us realize the roles of paper

3.One reason why paper won' t come to an end is that      .

A. it is being mass-produced

B. it is more than a medium

C. it has a centuries-old role

D. it is a well-known invention

4.What’s the purpose of mentioning the best virtues of paper in Paragraph 6?

A. To show its fast development.

B. To prove its unchanged strength.

C. To indicate its loss of competitiveness.

D. To bring back its past brilliance.

5.What is the biggest problem the digital media face?

A. It depends on electric power.

B. Personal privacy is easy to leak.

C. Users only have the right to use.

D. The joy of reading is hard to feel.

6.What is the best title for the passage?

A. The History of Paper

B. The Power of Paper

C. The Development of Paper

D. The Application of Paper

    Alarming headlines suggest one in four teenage girls in the UK are self-harming, motivated by sex discrimination and pressures to look good in a selfie(自拍)society. These stories come from a report by UK charity The Children’s Society, based on an ongoing survey of 11,000 children aged 14. Among the girls, 22 per cent said they had self-harmed while boys 9 per cent.

But while the term self-harm improves images of teenagers cutting themselves, that may,thankfully, be only the most extreme end of a broader range. In this survey, participants were merely asked if they had"hurt themselves on purpose in any way.

Some could have answered yes for things like punching (击拳) a wall in dissatisfaction or deliberately getting falling-down drunk. Others could have thought the question included mental hurt. Such self-destructive behaviour would naturally be of concern to parents. but wouldn’t be that unusual for teenagers. Max Davie, a health promotion officer, does believe that self-harm among teens is somewhat on the rise--but thinks the question in this survey was not specif enough to reveal its real universality.

The latest headlines join an ongoing account about a mental health crisis in today’s youth.Some blame cutbacks in social services, while others point to a loosening of sexual standards teens at risk For those cautious of new technologies, it is social media or the latest popular computer games.

But such reports also deserve some skepticism. Claims of high rates of depression are usually based on surveys with very loose, non-medical criteria. Thankfully, clinical depression is still rare in this age group.

In fact, a different and regularly repeated survey has found no change in 11-to-15-year-old’s happiness with life as a whole between 1995 and 2016, Nor did their satisfaction with the appearance change, which makes it strange to blame the selfie culture for the apparent self-harm increase. This survey, called Understanding Society, even found improvement in happiness with family and schoolwork over that period. These more optimistic findings were also in the latest Children's Society report but were buried at the bottom of their press release.

Davie thinks the rise in self-harm may not be due to a rise in unhappiness, but simply that this age group now sees self-harm as a more culturally acceptable way to express extreme sufferings. "it may be that previously people didn’t know that this was something you could do. If people are talking about something and normalizing it, it's probably more likely that their peers will do it. "

If that is the case, it is all the more reason not to make self-harm seem more common than it really is.

1.In response to the survey reported by The Children’s Society, the author believes      .

A. the survey is unscientific as it asked very specific questions

B. the self-destructive behavior for teens is worrying to parents

C. the number of self-harming teens is alarming because of selfies

D. the images of teens' self-harm are becoming more specific

2.What does Max Davie think of self-harm among teenagers?

A. The situation is too worrying.

B. The rise is somewhat beneficial.

C. The problem is actually widespread.

D. The phenomenon is not so universal.

3.What can we know from the survey called Understanding Society?

A. Teenagers in the past lived a happier life.

B. Selfie culture is responsible for the increase of self-harm.

C. There is no connection between self-harm and selfie.

D. With selfie teenagers are more satisfied with their appearance.

4.The last two paragraphs mainly imply that      .

A. self-harm results from too much pressure

B. self-harm is the result of social development

C. teens need correct guidance from the outside

D. teens should avoid following peers examples

    In Florida. a group of parents known as"the break moms"has been fighting to pass a law guaranteeing the state's elementary-school students at least 20 minutes of daily free play.

In a survey of school-district administrators, roughly a third said their districts had reduced outdoor play in the early 2000s. Disadvantaged kids have been the most likely to be shortchanged (克扣). According to a 2003 study, just 56 percent of children living at or below the poverty line had break, compared with 83 percent of those above the poverty line a similar disparity (差异) existed between black children and their white peers.

The benefits of break might seem obvious-time to run around helps kids stay fit. But a large body of research suggests that it also promotes cognition (认知). Many studies have found that regular exercise improves mental function and academic performance. And an analysis of studies that focused specifically on break found positive associations between physical activity and the ability to concentrate in class.

In one series of experiments. researchers controlled break start times. Some days children were let out at 10 am. and other days at 10: 30. The kids attentiveness decreased when they had to wait longer for break and refreshed themselves after they played. And when fourth-graders in a break-free school were given a weekly break. Another group of researchers found that they had an easier time staying on task and were much less restless. These experimental findings are supported by an analysis of 10,000 questionnaires filled out by third-grade teachers: Even a single 15-minute daily break was connected with more-positive ratings of classroom behavior.

Perhaps most important, break allows children to design their own games. to test their abilities,to role-play and to settle their own conflicts-activities that are key to developing social skills and managing complicated situations. Initial results from an ongoing study in Texas suggest that elementary-school children who are given four 15-minute breaks a day are significantly more sympathetic toward their peers than are kids who don,t get break.

1.What causes "the break moms" to start a fight?

A. Pupils lack of outdoor play. B. Poor school management.

C. Absence of education laws. D. Inequality among students.

2.In one series of experiments,researchers find that      .

A. children behave better when let out earlier

B. kids waiting longer are unable to stay focused again

C. third-graders have difficulty in focusing on task

D. fourth-graders are more concentrated without a break

3.What can we infer if we can ensure children a certain amount of daily break?

A. They escape from life conflicts

B. They may strengthen dependence

C. They are more considerate towards others

D. They are eager to manage complicated situations.

1.Who does the best in combining the authors own life experiences in writing?

A. Gabriela Pereira B. Steven James

C. Jordan rosenfeld D. Chuck Wendig

2.How much may be saved if a student buys one book online to improve his completed work?

A. $11. B. $9.

C. $7.2 D. $4.8

    You did it! You survived the passage of time and ______ it to another year. Please enjoy the moment of ____, because before you know it, 2019 will become just as exhausting and weird

____ ,there ARE some fascinating, significant, entertaining and promising things coming down the road that are  ____ to be bright spots no matter what 2019 ______. Let's enjoy them together.

Every year, the Cleveland Clinic ______ the most important medical advancements for the coming year, and at the top of list for 2019 is pain ______ therapies(疗法). So, expect more of these breakthrough.

First came love, then ______, and now Prince Harry and princess Meghan are ______ their first baby. WE can look forward to a beautiful ______ to the royal Windsor line sometime in the spring when the ______ date comes.

Also expect 2019 to be the year when 3D printing really, really comes into the ______.We’re talking about 3D bio printing in the ______ field, advanced 3D metal printing and even more accessible 3D printing at home.

Japan will be making history when Emperor Akihito ______ in April. His son, Crown Prince Naruhito, will immediately take up the throne (王位) in May.

If movies are your ______, " Avengers: Endgame" will be one of the most _____ films of the year, and it's _____  to drop in April. But don't forget about Captain Marvel, another hot Disney/Marvel property that will ______ in theatres in March.

Are you ready to have your soul absolutely ______ by some amazing television? The final season of"Game of Thrones" ______ in April, so any GOT fan you know is going to be a wreck(失去健康的人) for a few months.

1.A. made B. managed C. got D. took

2.A. appreciate B. creation C. relaxation D. determination

3.A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise

4.A. adequate B. bound C. desperate D. reluctant

5.A. adopts B. advocate C. brings D. blesses

6.A. releases B. relieves C. reveals D. reserves

7.A. assessment B. judgement C. management D. development

8.A. friendship B. marriage C. admiration D. closeness

9.A. educating B. delivering C. expecting D. raising

10.A. attraction B. attention C. addiction D. addition

11.A. due B. sure C. done D. final

12.A. minimum B. margin C. majority D. mainstream

13.A. magical B. historical C. education D. medical

14.A. stepped down B. took down C. let down D. broke down

15.A. matter B. thing C. issue D. topic

16.A. applied B. attached C. anticipated D. medical

17.A. driven B. adapted C. set D. advised

18.A. launch B. shoot C. land D. film

19.A. reserved B. rocked C. quaked D. honoured

20.A. drops B. approaches C. appeals D. returns

－Should I ask the boss if he's upset at my coming in late in the mornings?

－If he hasn't t said anything about it, just      .

A. let sleeping dogs lie. B. strike while the iron is hot.

C. put yourself in her shoes. D. kill two birds with one stone.

Actors should be good observers, watching people's body language and speaking style, and      this into their own abilities to progress in acting.

A. transferring B. transforming

C. transporting D. transmitting

Being so athletic and courageous, Hua Mulan wasn't      of most young women of her.

A. guilty B. cautious

C. typical D. skeptical

     challenges in Chinas car-sharing economy, shared mobility still has a promising future.

A. Despite B. Besides

C. Concerning D. Regarding

The couple was initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing      from parents

A. recognition B. toleration

C. opposition D. proportion

The accident which left 15 people on board dead      if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.

A. should have avoided B. should be avoided

C. could have avoided D. could have been avoided

－What would you like to do this weekend?

－     .It's up to you.

A. Whatever. B. Definitely.

C. Go ahead. D. Good idea.

       you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.

A. Unless B. After

C. Once D. Since

With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters,     in China’s major cities these years.

A. have sprung up B. sprang up

C. had sprung up D. spring up

Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China,     the time people spend standing in lines at entries or security check.

A. to reduce B. reduced

C. having reduced D. reducing