假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

People always say that we lack of the eyes of realizing the beauty in life. I can’t agree complete. Last Friday, I woke up very early and decide to take a walk. In the square there many senior citizens were dancing, I found several elders bury in feeding birds. Without many cars, I realized the city looked so clean but beautiful. Some coffee shops were decorated pretty well, which attracted our eyes. The whole city was covered with green trees, making it green city. At this moment, I found the city was so interested. How I regret ignore its beauty before!

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Roofs and windows of buildings aren’t the only surfaces that can be used to produce solar power. In China, 1. （construct）has begun of  the  country’s  first solar  highway,  in  which  solar panels  are  placed  underneath transparent concrete.

The solar highway is a 2 km stretch（一段）of road  2.（lie）on the Jinan City Expressway, and it’s divided into three layers. The see-through concrete protects a set of solar panels of two  3.size）. Beneath the solar panels 4. （be）a layer that separates them from the damp ground.

The road  5.（it）has already been completed, and now it’s only a matter of connecting the grid（输电网）,  6.  is expected to be finished by the end of the year alongside the completion of the Jinan Expressway’s south section.

This isn’t the first solar road China has worked on. Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also handling the Jinan Expressway solar road,  7.（build）a 160-meter- long solar road in  8. city of Jinan. It has the ability of heating up to keep the highway clear  9. snow and ice* and is able to  10. （wireless） charge electric vehicles. The new solar highway is expected to one day be equipped with the same features.

    Experts say boredom is good for kids. It forces them to be creative, ______ their imaginations, and helps them discover new things. A(n) ______ in point is 13－year－old Luke Thrill from Dubuque, Iowa.

Luke was ______of playing video games and riding his bike, so he decided to build a tiny house in his backyard instead. He made money from cutting lawns(草坪) and ______ exchanged some services, such as gaining the help of an electrical engineer ______ sweeping his garage. Luke also ______ spare materials from his grandmother's house and other ______ materials from his neighbors for some of the windows and the door.

The 89－square－foot home cost $1, 500 to build and ______ 18 months. Inside there's a kitchenette, a back sitting room, a table and a mounted(镶嵌的) TV, and an upstairs bedroom can be easily ______ by stairway.

Although Luke did the ______ and learned how to do all the work, he had his father's ______ throughout the project. Greg Thrill was very happy that his son learned to stay on ______ and deal with grown－ups. ______， he had some simple rules when Luke ______ the house: “You ______ the money. You build it. And you own it.”

Luke is now in love with ________. He has a YouTube channel and hopes to ______ other kids to start building. ______， he wants to build a bigger tiny house to live in, but for now, he ______ in his new home a few nights a week, does homework there, and uses it to take a ______ from his twin brother.

1.A. changes B. ignores C. improves D. weakens

2.A. method B. explanation C. procedure D. case

3.A. tired B. fond C. confident D. guilty

4.A. thus B. even C. still D. anyhow

5.A. in exchange for B. in praise for C. in support of D. in place of

6.A. updated B. ordered C. removed D. used

7.A. recycled B. cheap C. new D. raw

8.A. spent B. took C. saved D. wasted

9.A. supported B. accessed C. held D. landed

10.A. research B. housework C. experiment D. discovery

11.A. permission B. help C. control D. order

12.A. credit B. business C. budget D. duty

13.A. Therefore B. Besides C. Rather D. However

14.A. finished B. decorated C. started D. painted

15.A. borrow B. donate C. raise D. distribute

16.A. books B. videos C. riding D. building

17.A. inspire B. press C. command D. warn

18.A. Luckily B. Eventually C. Frequently D. Strangely

19.A. brings out B. leaves out C. hangs out D. puts out

20.A. ride B. risk C. chance D. break

    Caregivers care for someone with an illness, injury or disability. Caregiving can be rewarding, but it can also be challenging.  1. Women especially are at risk for the harmful health effects of caregiver stress. These health problems may include stress and anxiety. There are ways to manage caregiver stress.

The first thing to do is learn ways to better help your loved one.  2. To find these classes, ask your doctor or call your local Area Agency on Aging.

Take time out to meditate（冥想）or reflect. Spending 10 to 20 minutes twice a day to “clear your head” can work wonders when you’re feeling overburdened. Some caregivers learn meditation techniques from classes or books on the subject, while others simply take time out to quietly reflect.  3.

Exercising is another good way to help mind and body recover. It’s one of the best-known techniques for reducing stress and keeping healthy. A quick walk several times each week gives you significant health benefits.  4.

Your library may offer exercise DVDs. Invite a friend over to join you. 5. Nursing a garden, watching a favorite TV show, or reading an article that interests you. Your favorite hobby can help “center” you and remind you that you still have a life outside of caregiving. You must make some time－even for 10－to take care of yourself.

A. Stress from caregiving is common.

B. Try to do something you enjoy every day.

C. You’d better keep a journal of your thoughts and feelings.

D. Find caregiving resources in your community to help you.

E. Whichever way you choose, it’s important that you focus on clearing your mind.

F. There are many good indoor choices, too, from walking in place to yoga or tai chi.

G. Some hospitals offer classes that can teach you how to care for someone with an injury or illness.

    As the parent of a 7-year-old boy, sometimes I feel like “no” is my most frequently said word. But if I look honestly at the big picture of my daily vocabulary, I probably would conclude that it actually contains too much “yes”. Saying yes means opening myself up to new experiences, inviting new or deeper relationships. But too much “yes”  leaves  any  of  us  feeling  anxious,  overcommitted（过分受约束的）and  powerless  to  set  and  maintain boundaries in our lives.

This had been on my mind when The Book of No: 365 Ways to Say It and Mean It－and Stop People-Pleasing.

Forever came across my desk. The new edition of this decade-old book by psychologist Susan Newman is a must-read book for those of us who struggle to say “no” with authenticity, confidence and kindness.

Newman calls people who feel forced to say yes all their way through life “people-pleasers”. The chief symptoms of this condition include associating helping others with your self-respect, holding expectations that you will  care  for  others  and  feeling  unwilling  to  state  your  own  needs  when  a  request  comes  your  way.  For people-pleasers, “yes is the path of least resistance and the way to avoid damaging your relationship with the asker,” Newman writes.

The book offers brief dialogues for hundreds of scenarios in which “no” is the right answer, for reasons ranging from time management to financial pressures to emotional boundaries. Newman considers what came about among friends, at work, within families and in parenting. Reading through the scenarios, I realized they have some things in common－things that immediately started helping me improve my “no” skills.

Do you think this book might be helpful to you? It’s OK if the answer is “no”, but I do highly recommend it for your Positive Reading List shelf.

1.Why does the author include his own personal experience in Paragraph 1?

A. To blame himself. B. To show how to guide kids.

C. To tell his likes and dislikes. D. To help recommend a book.

2.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?

A. How to deal with a request.

B. Why askers turn to others for a favor.

C. Why people-pleasers say “yes” too often.

D. How to strengthen relationships with askers.

3.What does the underlined word “scenarios” probably mean?

A. Occasions. B. Processes.

C. Adventures. D. Stories.

4.What does the author advise us to do?

A. Give no response to any demand.

B. Learn to say “no” in a positive way.

C. Keep open all channels of communication.

D. Say “yes” constantly without feeling guilty.

    Imagine jet-setting from Tokyo to Paris, enjoying first-class travel, a four-course dinner and a city tour－all without leaving the ground. This is the future of air travel according to Japanese company First Airlines, which has used the power of virtual reality to create dream vacations.

Passengers avoid the costly airport transfer, the baggage fees or busy airport terminal（航站楼）－and instead enjoy the privileges of business or first-class travel and an expensive tour of Paris－all while remaining motionless in Tokyo. As well as Paris, First Airlines also offers the virtual destinations of New York, Rome and Hawaii.

After boarding, guests can settle down for the two-hour flight on their advanced Airbus seat－surrounded by decoration that is modeled on the inside of an aircraft, for maximum realism. There is flight service and VR, foods, music for every destination. Passengers will be served a delicious meal by air stewards, alongside drinks and other desserts. The menu depends on the destination of choice－Manhattan clam chowder and cheesecake for New York and salmon tartar and onion soup for Paris. After landing at the destination, guests can enjoy a 360-degree tour of the destination－all thanks to projection（投影）mapping and video.

It makes for a supposedly stress-free vacation, perfect for those whose ability to travel abroad is limited by cost or health. Virtual reality is becoming increasingly present everywhere at all times in the world of travel－allowing travelers to appreciate the wonders of the world, all without leaving their house.

At just 4,980 yen（$ 46）for business class and 5,980 yen（$ 56）for first class－these two- hour flights are far more affordable than their real-life flights. Tokyo citizens eager to experience First Airlines can book a trip on the website, with reservations currently being taken until May 2018.

1.What can we learn about the future of air travel from Tokyo to Paris?

A. It is high-flying. B. It is money-saving.

C. It is power-wasting. D. It is time-consuming.

2.When can passengers enjoy the beauty of the destination?

A. Upon arrival. B. During the flight.

C. After boarding the plane. D. On getting off the plane.

3.The flight is perfect for travelers who       .

A. do little physical exercise B. work under great pressure

C. desire to travel a long distance D. have health or money troubles

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Scientific Fantasy B. The Power of Virtual Reality

C. Japan’s Virtual Air Travel Abroad D. Appreciation of the Global Wonders

    When Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes “finding solutions to real problems”, it was hard to imagine this dynamic 11-year-old girl could settle a problem that has escaped scientists for years.

In just three months, Rao came up with a device（装置）that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water. Inspired by the current litigation （诉讼）in Flint, Michigan, a case of water pollution from 2014 to 2015, Rao designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named America’s Top Young Scientist for 2017.

Rao had been following the water problem for about two years. She was amazed by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change this. Gitanjali spent months trying to convince local high schools and colleges to give her lab time to continue her experiment. At home, Gitanjali worked on her project in the “science room” she asked her parents to create for her. Rao has created a device that uses three parts: a cartridge, a Bluetooth reader and an app. To put it simply, the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes（纳米管） that react to lead. This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader, which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink.

Rao appropriately named the device Tethys after the Greek goddess of fresh water, and is hoping to make a little improvement to get the device on the market. While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our aging pipelines, lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development. With Rao believing that the “purpose of science is to make a difference”, her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States.

1.What do we know about Rao’s device?

A. It’s cheap and quick.

B. It’s cheap and inaccurate.

C. It’s expensive and reliable.

D. It’s portable and time-consuming.

2.What made Rao have the idea of designing the device?

A. Her parents’ suggestions.

B. The name of the Greek goddess.

C. Her interest in settling real problems.

D. The water pollution litigation in Flint.

3.What do the carbon nanotubes function as?

A. Sending immediate signals.

B. Recording the reaction results.

C. Detecting the presence of lead.

D. Showing the water quality results.

4.What does the author think of Rao’s invention?

A. It will lead Rao to make a fortune.

B. It will help millions of Americans drink safe water.

C. It will promote the development of science in America.

D. It will soon settle the lead-polluted problem thoroughly.

    If you’re new to San Francisco, paying the city a visit, or simply looking for a new playground for you and your dog, here are four of the finest dog parks in San Francisco.

◆ Corona Heights Dog Park

Often visited by residents from all over the city because of its nearness to the Randall Museum, Corona Heights

Dog Park offers pets and owners breathtaking views, after a steep hillside climb, and a fenced dog area that allows dogs to let loose without a leash（狗链）. Owners will also enjoy the playground, tennis courts and basketball courts.

◆ Dolores Dog Park

The grounds of Dolores Park once served as camps for those who were left homeless by the 1906 earthquake, but now often visited by crowds of Mission District people. Four-legged friends can also wander about carefree off-leash while making friends with other members of the doggie community.

◆ Pine Lake Dog Park

Noteworthy for its place as a rest stop for hundreds of species of birds to fly to and from warmer climates, Pine Lake Park is also prized by city dogs and their owners for their nice hiking paths, picturesque lake suited for swimming, and an off-leash area on the park's west end that lets dogs run free.

◆ Buena Vista Dog Park

At 146 years young, Buena Vista Park is San Francisco’s oldest park. Dogs and owners with plus energy will love burning it on this park’s steep paths and winding staircases. Dog owners should have good control over their dogs, as it’s quite easy for dogs to get separated when going through Buena Vista’s many twists and turns.

1.Why do dog owners take their pets to Dolores Dog Park?

A. To let them socialize. B. To give them rescue lessons.

C. To help them lose weight. D. To increase their physical activities.

2.Which dog park is popular with bird lovers?

A. Corona Heights Dog Park. B. Dolores Dog Park.

C. Pine Lake Dog Park. D. Buena Vista Dog Park.

3.What is special about Buena Vista Dog Park?

A. It is suitable for swimming. B. It is close to a museum.

C. Dogs must be on a leash. D. Dogs can go climbing.

目前，你校有许多学生因为各种原因很少参加体育锻炼。假定你是张华，请你就此事向你校英语报写一封信，倡导同学们积极参与体育锻炼。

内容包括：

1. 学生们不参加体育活动的原因；

2. 进行体育活动的好处。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 文章开头和结尾语已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear schoolmates,

Nowadays, most students don’t do sports for kinds of reasons.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

                                                                  Yours sincerely,

                                                                    Zhang Hua

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.答案应写在答题卡上 

2 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

3. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

We’re living in a world where we can never stress the important of sharing too much.By sharing,we can often great reduce our sadness and double our happiness.

When it came to this topic,memories flood into my mind.There was a time when I caught in the sadness of not passing an important exam.My world turned gray and I didn’t feel interested in something until my best friend came up to comfort me.Encouraged and moved by his kindness,I shared my trouble with him,that relieved me soon.Little by little I regained my confidence.The followed months witnessed my efforts,and I finally made a great progress in other important exams.

As you can see,which was sharing with my friend that helped me out of that dark time and bring back my confidence.Sharing is beautiful,not only physically but also mentally.

    Have you complained 1.your family, your boss, or even your life? Maybe everyone has, but after reading this story, you may change your view and treat the world with another attitude.

An ass (驴),2.(belong) to an herb-seller who gave him too little food and too much work, could not bear the life any longer. So he made a request to God, to be released from his present service and provided with3.master. After warning him4.he would regret doing it, God made him to be sold to a tile-maker. Shortly afterwards, the ass found that he had 5.(heavy) loads to carry and harder work in the brick-field, and asked for another change again. God, telling him that it would be6.last time that he could satisfy his request, made him sold to a tanner (皮革工). The ass found that he7.(fall) into worse hands. Knowing his new master’s occupation, he said, “It would have been better for me either to have been starved by the first owner 8. to have been overworked by the second. But now I have already been bought by my present owner,9.will peel off my skin even after I am dead, and make me useful .”

We can see that people with dissatisfaction in a place are not10.(like) to find happiness in another.

Running for a Dream

I will never forget that November day．It was hotter than normal．This was the ________ my father and I had waited so long for，because we had been working towards this race for three years．Dozens of familiar faces from church and school flashed across my view．They had come ________me．I saw worry and ________on my father's face．Then the race began!

For the first two and a half miles．I felt________．I had never before been so ready for something．The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled________and a strict diet．My friends hadn't seen me in weeks，but they understood the _______required to make my dream a reality．As in all of my races，I didn't _______ out in the front，I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook their premature speed．

Then without warning，my strength began to decrease．Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors，I ________see the finish line．I had begun the final dash into_______when my knees became weak and my legs gave way．Nothing I could do would make them _______ weight．

I watched as runners rushed by me．________ I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed．I had to finish the race．However，my legs hurt badly．With all of the ________ left in me，I got on my hands and knees and crawled （爬），inch by inch，across the finish line．Voices，both ________ and familiar，cheered me on．They gave me the courage to keep ________until the very end．

The doctors were there in seconds，but my eyes searched the crowd for him．There was only one person I wanted to ________to．I whispered，"I'm so sorry，Dad，I'm so sorry I ________you．"He looked at me，saying，"You could never disappoint me．Sometimes these things just ________．All that matters is that you did your best．"

"But we worked so ________．What about our dream？"He reached over for my hand and said，"Don't you know that you are my dream and it has come true？"

It wasn't long before my running shoes were back on，marking a________path for my journey，I learned that all of the miles，the tears，the sweat，and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a________．What I realized，though，was that to him，I was the greatest prize he had ever won．

1.A. dream B. weather C. result D. day

2.A. for B. to C. across D. over

3.A. coldness B. astonishment C. excitement D. amusement

4.A. proud B. great C. nervous D. afraid

5.A. programs B. studies C. instructions D. practices

6.A. sacrifice B. potential C. patience D. attention

7.A. look B. move C. start D. come

8.A. should B. could C. must D. need

9.A. relief B. spirit C. pleasure D. glory

10.A. give B. feel C. hold D. add

11.A. Where B. Because C. If D. Although

12.A. trust B. emotion C. strength D. confidence

13.A. loud B. foreign C. soft D. firm

14.A. going B. running C. fighting D. training

15.A. refer B. talk C. listen D. agree

16.A. frightened B. disturbed C. disappointed D. bored

17.A. develop B. change C. follow D. happen

18.A. late B. hard C. closely D. quickly

19.A. new B. near C. rough D. narrow

20.A. wish B. duty C. rank D. race

    A simple life means getting rid of many of the things you do so that you can spend more time with people you love and do the things you love.1. It’s often a journey of two steps forward and one backward.

Evaluate your time.2. What things do you do from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, remove them and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.

Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, cell phones, paper mail, Twitter, forums, and more. 3. Instead, set a limit on your communications: only deal with emails at certain times of the day. Limit phone calls to certain times too. It is the same with other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.

Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. 4. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicated, needing not only car payments, but insurance, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.

5. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life.

A. Have a place for everything.

B. How do you spend your day?

C. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids.

D. They can take up your whole day if you let them be.

E. However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process.

F. Most people don’t know what “enough” is, and thus they keep buying more.

G. Consider a smaller home.

    David Cameron is urging today’s youngsters to abandon French to concentrate on the tongue of the future—Mandarin(普通话)。

Cameron said: “I want Britain linked up to the world’s fast-growing economies. And that includes our young people learning the languages to seal tomorrow’s business deals.”

“By the time the children born today leave school, China is to be the world’s largest economy. So it’s time to look beyond the traditional focus on French and German and get many more children learning Mandarin.” To strengthen his message , he quoted Nelson Mandela—the former president of South Africa who said “If you talk to a man in a language he understands that goes to his head; if you talk to him in his own language that goes to his heart.”

Cameron said that a partnership between the British Council (英国文化协会) and Hanban will double the number of Chinese language assistants in the UK by 2016 and provide increased funding to schools of offering Mandarin as a language choice. In a development of the UK—China School Partnership programme , funding will also be provided for 60 headteachers to make study visits to China in 2014.

In recent research the British Council found only 1% of the adult population speaks Mandarin to a level that allows them to conduct a basic conversation. Just 3,000 pupils in England, Wales and Northern Ireland entered for Chinese languages GCSEs in 2013, putting it far behind the traditional choices of French with 177,000, Spanish with 91,000 and German with 62,000 entrants(加入者), as well as Urdu, Polish and Arabic.

Professor Dame Helen Wallace, the British Academy’s foreign secretary, said, “ a lack of qualified teachers could be a barrier to improve its popularity.”

Laura Chan, one of the co—founders of a bilingual Mandarin—English primary school, said the prime minister’s announcement was good news for the status of Mandarin. She said, “It’s a great help. It will increase people’s awareness of Mandarin as a language they can learn.”

1.What is the text mainly talking about?

A. The cooperation is important between the UK and China.

B. David Cameron has visited China for three days.

C. Chinese language is very popular with British people.

D. David Cameron calls for British students to learn Mandarin.

2.Why does David Cameron urge students to learn Chinese?

A. Because Chinese will be a widely—used language in the world.

B. Because he thinks China will become the largest economy.

C. Because there are many Chinese people living in Britain.

D. Because only a few of British people can communicate in Chinese.

3.What is the purpose of David Cameron by quoting Mandela’s words in Paragraph3?

A. To compare different ideas. B. To show his rich knowledge.

C. To persuade people to learn Mandarin. D. To share Mandela’s opinion.

Time Travel

If you could travel in time, where would you go? Perhaps you would watch an original performance of a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England? What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period? Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.

The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel. The Time Machine, which was written by H.G. Wells and published in 1895 for the first time. It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally used to refer to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.

But could time travel actually be possible? Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called “wormholes”, which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And British physicist Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship would of course be no simple task.

Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the “grandfather paradox”. It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn’t born, how would he travel back in time?

And would you really like to visit the future? In H.G. Wells’ book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles(触角).

If that’s what’s in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.

1.The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show ______.

A. the contribution of H.G .Wells B. the story’s different features

C. the long history of time travel D. people’s interest in time machine

2.Einstein’s and Hawking’s theories _____.

A. suggest the possibility to invent the time machine

B. push the invention of the first spaceship

C. have proved wrong by some time travelers

D. have similarities in many way

3.In Paragraph 4, “grandfather paradox” probably refers to the idea that ______.

A. the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather

B. the grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impossible

C. the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather

D. the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness

4.According to the passage, what is probably the author’s attitude towards time travel?

A. Skeptical. B. Unclear.

C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned.

Confidence Comes From Treating Others As Equals

There's been recent discussion over Chinese attitudes toward foreigners，caused by another quarrel between a foreigner and a taxi driver．According to the studies described in the Oxford Handbook of Chinese Psychology，Chinese have lower self﹣confidence compared to Westerners．Yet does the result still apply to the Chinese people today？

Yes and no．For the moment，different attitudes toward foreigners can still be found in China's society，with some displaying low self﹣confidence like "Foreigners are awesome （令人敬畏的），and Western countries are awesome．We should respect them and be as polite as possible，and shouldn't let them look down on us，" and a few unfriendly opinions such as "Some foreigners are rude and disrespectful，and their level of civility （礼貌） is far behind China."

Chinese used to be lacking in self﹣confidence．It might start from the modern history，after the failure in the Opium wars，and the following humiliation （耻辱） of being bullied （被欺负） and brought to their knees by Western guns．And the dark history is still to some extent affecting our mentality （心态） today．

For some time，the Western world represents the best of everything in some Chinese eyes．But our state of mind is gradually changing．When asked "What makes you feel proud of your country？" in school classes in China，answers vary from the World Expo to the Olympic Games，from athletes to astronauts，from the mushrooming skyscrapers to busy metropolises，which have all filled us with growing self﹣confidence．

While answering the question "Since China is so good today and Chinese people are more confident，why are an increasing number of Chinese emigrating abroad？" Zhang Weiwei，a professor at Fudan University，replied that at least 70 percent of Chinese migrants （移民） become more patriotic （爱国的） after leaving their home country，no matter whether they have become a naturalized citizen of another nation or not．Such result and experiences are much more convincing and have better effect than dozens of  "patriotic education" classes．

There is no reason for us not to be self﹣confident．We live in the world's second﹣largest economy．Chinese net financial assets per capita （人均纯金融资产） and the purchasing power of people have seen a sharp rise，with more and more people starting to purchase works of art，instead of only necessities．These all indicate a rising standard of life and self﹣confidence．

Nevertheless，the point of the changing attitudes toward ourselves or other countries is not realizing other nations are better or worse than China，but treating them like how we treat our fellow Chinese．That is what confidence means，not being condescending （屈尊），not worshiping，but looking each other in the eye with trust and respect．

1.According to the text，what are the Chinese attitudes toward foreigners today？

A. They have various attitudes toward foreigners．

B. They think the foreigners are always rude．

C. They always speak highly of the foreigners．

D. They believe foreigners are just common people．

2.Chinese used to lack self﹣confidence because　　．

A. They thought the foreigners were mysterious．

B. They used to think themselves less powerful．

C. They were deeply influenced by the dark history．

D. They once believed foreigners were awesome．

3.According to Zhang Weiwei，most Chinese migrants　　．

A. desire to be a citizen of another nation

B. develop a stronger love for their home country

C. are unwilling to return to their motherland

D. serve as bad examples in patriotic education

4.What's the main idea of the passage？

A. Chinese should be proud of the great achievement of their country．

B. Chinese have enough confidence to make greater progress．

C. Chinese have a lower self﹣confidence faced with foreigners．

D. Chinese should be confident and take the foreigners as equals．

    Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.

My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.

I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you.” When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he’s 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.

I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.

1.Which of the following is an example of the “extra minute” rule?

A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated.

B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.

C. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.

D. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.

2.The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ______.

A. meet her father who was already an old man

B. keep her appointment with the eye doctor

C. join in the holiday celebration of the company

D. finish her work before the deadline approached

3.The underlined word “foregone” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A. wasted B. lacked

C. avoided D. abandoned

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Two Saddest Words. B. The Emotional Well-being.

C. The Most Useful Rule. D. The Peace of Mind.

假定你是李华。你的留学生朋友Tom以前成绩很优秀。但由于骄傲和懒惰，最近他的成绩一落千丈。就此请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 进行安慰；

2. 给出劝告（不要骄傲，不忘初心）；

3. 具体建议（努力复习，制定学习计划）

注意：1. 总词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I am very luckily to have the opportunity to see so many place, but sometimes I experience culture shock when I see or do something new. Dad and I now are travelled through Denmark, Norway and Sweden. I used to thinking that these countries are the same, but not any more. People in Denmark are a bit of friendlier, while Norwegians and Swedes prefer not to talk to strangers. I’m surprised to learn that many people there speak English in addition their national languages. In Sweden, it seems that anyone has golden hair and blue eyes. I feel a little strange with my black hair and dark eyes. I imagine this is that foreigners feel when they visit China!

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In his book, Intentional Living, author John Maxwell shares that back in 1976, he received a gift from one of his 1. (assist). As he unwrapped the gift, he saw that it was a book 2. (name) The Greatest Story Ever Told. He couldn’t wait 3. (read) it.

But when he opened the book, he was 4. (astonish) to see that the pages were blank. Inside the book was 5. note that said, “John, your life is before you. Fill these pages with kind acts and good thoughts of your heart. Write a great story about your life.” The intention of writing the story of his life excited him. Then, he 6. (begin) to write his book.

Every day we live out our story through our words, actions and decisions. But we must remember to live with intention to focus on what 7. (matter) most in life and to regain that focus when we get changed. Without intention, we can become unfocused in things 8. needn’t add to a life of significance and difference in our world.

Life isn’t perfect and it’s always hard, 9. we need reminders in our life from a friend, author, blogger, pastor or our inner spirit to re-focus us on the things that matter and make us live 10. (positive).

    The stage lights dimmed, and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly ______. It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep ______ as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my ______, the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.

After a decade of learning this art form, I had ______ been considered ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important event in a dancer’s life as it pays ______ to all the factors in one’s life that ______ the dance form: one’s culture and family.

The performance is undertaken only by the most ______ and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much ______. For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day ______ these dances. Many times, I ______ myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to ______.

I ______ a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too ______ to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself ______ after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental ______, I forced myself to meet my ______. Even when I was at the end of my ______, there was always something driving me on, forcing me not to give up.

Fortunately, I made it. What I had done ______ the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer ______ is. Those time was evidence that I could ______ something I set out to do.

1.A. reached out B. set off C. pulled back D. broke away

2.A. sleep B. breath C. thought D. sorrow

3.A. career B. attempt C. response D. performance

4.A. eventually B. easily C. absolutely D. desperately

5.A. debt B. respect C. interest D. visit

6.A. develop B. rescue C. introduce D. promote

7.A. beautiful B. focused C. intelligent D. considerate

8.A. talent B. strength C. comprehension D. commitment

9.A. recording B. discussing C. practicing D. designing

10.A. pushed B. addicted C. treated D. applied

11.A. forget B. design C. learn D. research

12.A. discovered B. abandoned C. controlled D. undertook

13.A. brilliant B. brave C. stubborn D. discourage

14.A. careless B. nervous C. frightened D. wrong

15.A. function B. stress C. level D. action

16.A. budget B. deadline C. expense D. expectation

17.A. limit B. purpose C. preparation D. destination

18.A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed

19.A. completely B. chiefly C. originally D. truly

20.A. change B. supply C. accomplish D. explain

    Children who have developed leadership skills are sure to have a bright future. 1. Not only will they gain more self-esteem and interact more easily with their peers, they can also make an impact on their community. These qualities will continue to develop as children grow up. Here are simple techniques to develop children’s leadership qualities.

Discuss peer pressure. Children are often exposed to peer pressure and worry about how others view them. 2. Leadership requires being socially involved, but still honoring personal morals and standards. Discuss hypothetical (假设的) peer pressure situations and ask kids to consider how they’d behave in different situations.

3. When they’re able to clearly show their thoughts, they feel more self-confident and are able to deal with complex problems. You can help by encouraging children to speak out and by listening seriously to their thoughts. Although many children go through rebellious stages, don’t enforce silence. Instead, suggest self-expression.

Teach by example. 4. Even if they don t express it aloud, children may see you as a role model. Model leadership behavior by helping others, volunteering in leadership positions and taking action in everyday life.

Develop children’s individual talents and encourage participation. Every child has potential for leadership skills, but not every child develops skills in the same way. 5. A child might be a talented athlete or skilled at painting and drawing. Find ways for kids to develop these skills in a group setting, which promotes teamwork and social skills.

A. Encourage children to express themselves.

B. Pay attention to specific interests and abilities.

C. Find volunteer and community service opportunities.

D. Children start benefiting from leadership skills at any age.

E. Children with self-awareness have a greater ability to lead.

F. Children observe the adults in their lives, and value what they see.

G. Talk with your children about the importance of avoiding peer pressure.

    Britain faces social problems as lots of people are set to lose their jobs in technological revolution, Bank of England’s chief economist warned.

Andy Haldane said the so-called Fourth Industrial Revolution will make the machine replace humans to do thinking things. The dark side of the change could be a much bigger breakdown of employment than in Victorian times, with professions such as accountancy (会计) among those at risk.

A report by the accountancy firm PwC last month warned that more than 7 million jobs in Britain had been lost over the next 20 years as technological change sweeps though workplaces.

The majority of these are in jobs in the retail, transport and manufacturing industries. However, other traditional professional sectors could also be at serious risk.

Economists treat the arrival of increasingly intelligent computers and robots as the fourth industrial revolution. The first was the shift from agricultural to urban societies, the second saw the widespread use of electricity and steel, and the third was the digital revolution when computers, the Internet and mobile phones were developed.

Mr Haldane said the hollowing-out (空洞化) experienced in the past years could be on a greater scale in the future so it is important to learn the lessons of history and ensure that people are given training to take advantage of new opportunities.

“Jobs were effectively taken by machines of various types, there was a hollowing-out of the jobs market, which left many people for a long period out of work and struggling to make a living,” Haldane added, “That heightened social and financial tensions, and led to a rise in inequality. This is the dark side of technological revolution.”

“That hollowing-out is going to be potentially on a much greater scale in the future, when we have machines thinking and doing the cognitive and technical skills of humans.” Mr Haldane said professions like accountancy could be among those hardest hit by the rise of AI. But he suggested economists could escape.

1.What is the dark side mentioned in the text?

A. The hollowing-out has become a major social problem.

B. Less and less people have the desire to learn accountancy

C. Intelligent computers and robots decrease good workers.

D. The technological revolution causes people to lose jobs.

2.Why are economists the lucky dog in the new technological revolution?

A. The study about economy is at a low level.

B. Economists work on a traditional professional job.

C. There is no machine that can work as an economist.

D. Economists have the chance to avoid technological revolution.

3.What should be done to deal with the serious situation?

A. To call for people to devote more to studying history.

B. To teach people to grasp the chances technological revolution brings about.

C. To warn people not to work on transport and manufacturing industries.

D. To ask workers to develop and think as the intelligent computers and robots do.

4.What attitude did Haldane have towards the future employment?

A. Positive. B. Aggressive.

C. Critical. D. Worried.

    It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure (基础建设) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancy, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.

The list is certainly Euro-centric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way towards suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The UK doesn’t fare too well either-its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

Whether you’re planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its quest for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.

1.What plays the key role in building a healthy city according to the text?

A. Local culture. B. City planning.

C. Economic condition. D. Geographical position.

2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A. How the list of healthiest cities came into being.

B. What Spotahome discovered in the recent study.

C. The reasons why Spotahome carried out the study.

D. The places where the data of the study came from.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A. Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B. The UK ranked higher than America in the list.

C. Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D. Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

4.What may be the best title for the text?

A. The best places to have a rich life

B. The happiest lifestyle in the world

C. The city factors affecting your health

D. The nice countries to keep healthy

    When Kevin Durant gave his tearful MVP speech in 2014, the NBA star made sure to thank one person who had been there with him from the very beginning: his mother. His heartfelt words about the sacrifices she made for Durant and his brother led to a lifetime movie about her journey as a single parent, The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story.

Today, the NBA superstar’s mom travels the country as a motivational speaker and philanthropist (慈善家). On Monday, she spoke at Thomson Reuters’ in New York about her personal struggles to achieve financial stability and shared the financial advice she gave her son when he entered the league with CNBC.

“I wanted him to realize he has worked hard,” she says, “And it is OK for him to enjoy himself because of his hard work. But it is also imperative that he prepares for his future.” While she advised him to enjoy the rewards of his labor, she also wanted to make sure that her son knew the importance of financial planning.

She told the audience that when she found herself a single parent to two children at 21, she couldn’t follow the financial principles. Rather than planning for the future, she focused only on how her money could make ends meet for that moment.

Recently, Durant has teamed up with Laurene Powell Jobs for a new philanthropic program called College Track which is aimed at helping disadvantaged kids attend college. As part of the program, Durant has committed to donating $10 million to his hometown’s public school system.

Durant’s mom says that in addition to his financial decisions, she is proud of his philanthropic work and his desire to help the community. “I thought giving back was always very important, and so we talked about that and he had seen that from us as a family and it’s one of the things that I taught him,” she says.

1.What is The Real MVP: The Wanda Durant Story mainly about?

A. Durant’s career path.

B. Durant’s hard childhood.

C. Durant’s mother’s devotion to the family.

D. Durant’s mother’s struggling to be independent.

2.What does the underlined word “imperative” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Enjoyable. B. Important.

C. Unusual. D. Hopeful.

3.What are the financial principles of Durant’s mom?

A. Enjoying now and planning for the future.

B. Sharing rewards and creating a charity program.

C. Spending less money and saving for the emergencies.

D. Donating money to the charity and helping more schools.

4.What made Durant pay attention to the charity program?

A. His kind heart. B. His poor hometown.

C. His mother’s teaching. D. His difficult life experiences.

    Let’s look at the movies we can’t wait to watch in 2019

Dumbo (March 29)

Dumbo is a 1941 American film produced by Walt Disney Productions. The main character is an elephant who is nicknamed “Dumbo”. Dumbo is always laughed at for his big ears, and he is rejected by the other elephants. With no parent to care for him, he is alone. But in fact, he is capable of flying by using his ears as wings. A live-action adaptation of the film directed by Tim Burton is scheduled to be released on March 29, 2019.

Shazam! (April 5)

Shazam is an upcoming American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name. Directed by David F. Sandberg, the film is set to star Asher Angel as Billy Batson, a teenage boy who can transform via the magic word “Shazam” into an adult superhero, played by Zachary Levi. It will be the first film version of the character since the 1941 series Adventures of Captain Marvel (the character’s original name).

Aladdin (May 24)

Aladdin is a fictional character and the role of the film Aladdin (1992) based on Aladdin, a folk tale of Middle Eastern origin He is voiced by Scott Weinger, while his singing voice is provided by Brad Kane. Aladdin never received a formal education, and has only learned by living on the streets of Agrabah. He has to steal food in the local market in order to survive. Mena Massoud is set to play a live-action version of the character in a live action adaptation of the 1992 film.

Godzilla, King of the Monsters (May 31)

Godzilla, King of the Monsters is a 1956 Japanese-American science fiction film, co-directed by Terry O. Morse and Ishiro Honda. It is a heavily re-edited American adaptation. For this new version of Godzilla, some of the original Japanese dialogue was translated into English, and some of the political, social and anti-nuclear themes were removed completely.

1.Which one will be shown to the audience as a form of film for the first time?

A. Dumbo. B. Shazam!

C. Aladdin. D. Godzilla, King of the Monsters.

2.Who is the actor of the newest version of Aladdin?

A. Scott Weinger. B. Brad Kane.

C. Terry O. Morse. D. Mena Massoud.

3.On which day can you watch a film about a pitiful animal according to the text?

A. March 29. B. April 5.

C. May 24. D. May 31.

假设你是李津，与你以前的外籍教师 Mrs. Green 一直保持联系。近日来，Mrs. Green 得知你校将在下周举办文化节和科技节，她来信询问你校该活动安排，请根据以下提示给   她回复一封邮件。

（1） 介绍你校文化节（如中国传统文化活动及文化展示，如春节等 ）；

（2） 介绍你校科技节（如科技活动及其成果展示，如智能机器人竞赛等 ）；

（3） 活动的意义并希望她有机会来你校参加活动。

注意：

（1） 词数不少于 100；

（2） 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3） 开头已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：Culture Festival 文化节 Science and Technology Festival  科技节

Dear Mrs. Green,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Jin

阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Every person has a history of pain and tragedy that includes regret from the situation. At times, it’s often hard to explain that pain to someone else. The challenge with a tragedy is the lack of support from someone.

This has often been my challenge when I try to explain what occurred to me. When I was younger, I was a victim of a tragic accident that changed my life both academically and emotionally. At sixteen months old, due to the neglect of my babysitter I fell off the bed. The injury was so severe that I was rushed to the emergency room and the doctors explained to my mom that I suffered from a blood clot (血块) located on the left side of the brain.

I was later diagnosed with what is known as a traumatic brain injury (外伤性脑损伤)．This accident affects my long term memory and testing ability. I often struggle with understanding information related to school and feel frustrated that I will not pass my tests. The pressure of school is so much, since I must always work harder than most students.

I become easily disappointed that I study a lot but often flunk or re-take tests. It is hard to imagine, because in my mind I feel prepared for the work; however, the test results do not connect with the information in my brain. Although I always don’t pass my tests, I feel like this injury encourages me to work and shows me that I can be confident when it comes to the future. For example, I have been able to maintain my grades, been employed for over a year at a local restaurant, and obtained my drivers license. I look forward to attending college, getting married, raising a family, and being a success. I will continue to live my life to the fullest and prove that an injury does not limit my life journey.

1.What is worse when someone suffers a tragedy in his life according to the author?(no more than 7 words)

2.What was the author’s tragic accident that changed his life? (no more than 9 words)

3.Why is the author always struggling with his study at school? (no more than 8 words)

4.What does the underlined word “flunk” mean in the last paragraph? (1 word)

5.What do you think of the author? Give your reasons. (no more than 25words)

    Are we alone in the universe? A team of scientists announced on January 6, 2015 that they had identified eight planets beyond our solar system, three or four of which orbit in their stars’ “Goldilocks Zone” --- the region where temperatures are not too hot or too cold for water, which is a necessary ingredient for life as we know it, to exist liquid form.This may be good news for people hoping that Earth is not the only inhabited world in the universe.

The scientists, led by Dr. Guilermo Torres of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, made the discoveries using data collected by the planet-seeking Kepler telescope.

NASA launched Kepler in 2009. Since then, the telescope has identified more than 1,000 planets outside of our solar system. Torres and his team analyzed the data about the eight newly discovered world to determine which ones are most likely to be similar to our Earth.

Among the new discoveries, the scientists say the planets called Kepler438b and 442b are the closest to Earth. Kepler 438b is just about 10% larger than our planet, and gets 40% more of its energy from its star than Earth receives from the Sun. Temperatures there would be about 140 degrees. Kepler 442b is about 33% larger than Earth, but receives 30% less energy from its star. That would make it a potentially chillier world than our own.Torres says it is possible for life to exist and survive in either of those temperatures, but for that to happen, these planets would need to have another key ingredient for life: a heat-trapping atmosphere like Earth’s.

While these findings add to the possibility that life exists beyond Earth, Torres cautions against drawing conclusions, “We are not claiming they are inhabited,” he says. In fact, these planets are so far away that the scientists cannot observe them directly, which can be explanation for why for now it remains unknown whether these planets contain life. But the discovery of planets in their stars’ habitable zones suggests that somewhere out there, some form of alien life may have taken hold.

1.The scientists have identified eight planets,  .

A. which are suitable for humans to live on

B. some of which are possible for life to exist on

C. some of which have the same situations as Earth

D. which are not too hot or too cold for water to exist on

2.Which statement about the discovery of Torres and his team is TRUE?

A. Kepler 438b is too hot for any life to exist on

B. Kepler 438b and 442b are the farthest to Earth

C. They have made the discoveries through Kepler

D. They have discovered over 1000 planets in 7 years

3.What is the possible thing that Kepler 442b lacks for life to exist on?

A. The water B. The sunlight

C. The soil D. The atmosphere

4.About their exploration, Torres wants to indicate that  .

A. there is a lot left to learn

B. they have had decisive gains

C. it is the first in human history

D. it is certain for life on the planets

5.Which can be the best title for this passage?

A. Are We Alone?

B. Eye on the Stars

C. Discover Another Earth

D. Discovery of New Stars to Live on

    The best-known example of external( 外部的)influence causing language change is the "Americanization"of world culture, which has caused English words to appear in city streets all over the world. The effect is most noticeable in pop music. Foreign groups often record in English, and the words are picked up and repeated in the same language everywhere, even by children who otherwise have little or no command of the language. I once met a Brazilian child of about ten who could count ‘one, two, three’, but only by adding the words ‘o’clock, four o’clock rock ’at the end.

Some people are often strongly critical of the influence of English on their language --- especially when an English word replaces a traditional word. In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of English words in official situations if an equivalent( 意义相同的)French expression existed --- but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaking than in the observing. Some other countries have considered introducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect, and that the arrival of loan words( 外来词) can greatly enrich a language (as indeed in the case of English itself, which has a long history of welcoming foreign words).

However, not everyone is critical. In particular, commercial firms and advertisers are well aware of the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring. In Japan, English is even used in television commercials, despite the fact that the majority of viewers would not understand exactly what was being said: the excellence implied by the mere use of English is apparently enough to command the strategy to the advertisers.

Most of the influence of English is upon the vocabulary of foreign languages, but surveys are slowly bringing to light several cases where word order or word structure has been affected. Sentences of the type “The book sells well”, using an active construction for a passive meaning, have begun to appear in Danish (Bogen soelger godt). Several languages keep the English plural ending when they make use of a loan word, and do not translate it into the native form, e.g. drinks. There are many other such cases.

1.Why could the Brazilian child speak ‘one, two, three’ in English?

A. Because he had seen these words everywhere in the street.

B. Because he had learnt how to tell the time in English.

C. Because he had made himself master of English.

D. Because he had heard these words in songs a lot.

2.What can we infer about the law passed in France in1977?

A. It was strict. B. It was unfair.

C. It was often ignored. D. It was strongly opposed.

3.Some Japanese commercials use English in the hope of  .

A. following the American trend B. becoming world-famous

C. enriching Japanese D. increasing sales

4.The last paragraph is mainly developed by  .

A. providing examples B. making comparisons

C. explaining grammar rules D. analyzing language change

5.What is the authors attitude towards language change?

A. Critical. B. Objective.

C. Concerned. D. Supportive.