Coit Tower

Coit Tower provides 360-degree views of San Francisco and the bay, including the Golden Gate Bridge. The most fantastic views can be seen from the observation deck, which is reached by an elevator. It costs $7 to get on the elevator. It is 4. 9 miles from Coit Tower to Golden Gate Bridge.

Crissy Field

Crissy Field, a former army airport located south of the Golden Gate Bridge in the Presidio, was rebuilt in 2001 and offers wide walking and cycling trails between the Marina Green and Fort Point. It offers wonderful views of the Golden Gate Bridge, picnic areas and a small sandy beach which is popular with families. Along Crissy Field, visitors can stop for lunch at the Warming Hut, the Beach Hut Cafe or the House of Air. Distance from Golden Gate Bridge: 2. 4 miles from the Marina Green.

Fort (堡垄) Point

For a close view of the bridge, visit Fort Point, which is a Civil War time brick fort which can be entered through the Marine Drive park at Crissy Field. Although Fort Point never had any military(军事的) action, the Golden Gate Bridge’s chief engineer, Joseph Strauss, redesigned the bridge to preserve the fort as a “fine example of some kind of art.” Distance from Golden Gate Bridge: 1. 2 miles.

Lands End

Lands End near Lincoln Park offers a perfect view of the Golden Gate Bridge. Visitors can walk along a paved sidewalk near the 17th hole of the Lincoln Park Municipal Golf Course. Here, there are several benches and photo opportunities to picture the beauty of the bridge. Distance from Golden Gate Bridge: 3. 0 miles.

1.Where can visitors have a picnic?

A. At Coit Tower. B. At Crissy Field.

C. At Fort Point. D. At Lands End.

2.Why did Joseph redesign the bridge?

A. To offer wide walking and cycling.

B. To picture the beauty of the bridge.

C. To take a close view of the bridge.

D. To save the fort as an art.

3.What is the purpose of the text?

A. To introduce some places to view Golden Gate Bridge.

B. To introduce some great places in Golden Gate Bridge.

C. To compare the four famous places in San Francisco.

D. To introduce the history of Golden Gate Bridge.

假如你是李华，你在澳大利亚的笔友David来e-mail透露，他觉得他的朋友吸烟很酷，也想尝试一下，为此征求你的意见。请你根据下列提示，给David回一封不少于100词的邮件，劝他不要吸烟。

1、吸烟危害大，对自身及他人的影响等……

2、一旦上瘾，很难戒除……

3、应提倡健康、积极的生活方式……

要求：邮件的格式和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 be addicted to上瘾

Dear David,

I have learned from your e-mail that you want to try smoking as you think it is very attractive. As far as I can see, smoking is a bad habit.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes!

Yours Sincerely ,

Li Hua

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Peter,

I am more than happier to know you got first prize in the speech contest. I’m writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you.

It is known to all, success lie in hard work. I think you must have been practiced a lot. And at the same time you must have gained much valuable skills. Could you please help me but tell me what I should pay attention when I speak in public? You know, when made a speech, I always get nervously. I would appreciate it if you could give me some advices.

Please write to me as soon as you can.

单词拼写,注意：每空一词。

1.Thanksgiving Day is one of the most important U.S. family ______________(庆祝).

2.I enjoy __________ my living by teaching small kids. (谋生)

3.He was __________ the gold medal for being the fastest runner. (授予)

4.A ________________ diet is essential for teenagers. (平衡)

5.These _______________ were angry with the salesgirl for her impolite answer. (顾客)

6.His English was so ___________ that he couldn’t even tell the foreign friend where he was from. (有限)

7.This kind of fruit is of great __________ to your health. (有益)

8.Smoking is not p_____________ in our school. (允许)

9.A high proportion of the new _________ are skilled professionals. (到达者)

10._______________, we don’t want to spend too much money. （显而易见的）

阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语（只限一词），或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空（不多于三词），并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。

One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 1. (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 2.too little.

His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less,3.not save a bit of money?

“That would be a very4. (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like 5. (us), Nick said.

Nick’s guests, 6.had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 7.a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect for the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

“But such a small thing couldn’t 8. (possible) destroy a village.”

“In the beginning, there was only 9.very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 10. (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

    Recently I understood the true meaning of love. The ________ was Kane, my neighbor Joline’s two-year-old son.

Kane was born with a physical problem on his ________. And I witnessed the ________ that Kane’s physical shortcomings had on his family. I also witnessed much more than that. I saw a ________ family that embraced (拥抱) this special child. A family that wouldn’t allow Kane to know he was ________. Joline had constructed a small cart just a few inches off the floor for his son to_______. Kane used his hands to move about, and the cart ________ him to “go to” any place just as everyone else was able to do. Kane was not just a member of the family, but the ________ of the family.

With a wide smile, it was easy to see that even at the age of two, Kane liked to ________ with people very much. With wisdom of an individual, this boy even ________ the most complex of human emotions. Later I came to  ________that this child was sent to help some of us who weren’t just getting what love was all about.

Kane demanded attention, ________not because of his mobility (移动能力) challenges or other apparent shortcomings. In his mind, he had no________ or shortcomings. The ________ was that he received attention because he was alive and real and had so much to offer.

Kane ________ me in a deep way. His ability to refuse to be different has ________ me. Kane was and is ________ lots of warm and powerful energy to me. From him and his family I learnt the ________: love surpasses (超越) all things. I can only imagine that as the parent of a child like Kane one might be filled with ________ . But I believe that having a child like Kane is actually a(n)________ . The parents of such special babies are angels too, just as the babies are.

1.A. problem B. reason C. matter D. pressure

2.A. hands B. eyes C. legs D. arms

3.A. effect B. comment C. demand D. look

4.A. similar B. wonderful C. practical D. fair

5.A. irregular B. difficult C. different D. terrible

6.A. go ahead B. speed up C. turn out D. get around

7.A. invited B. allowed C. advised D. caused

8.A. symbol B. signal C. center D. mark

9.A. communicate B. compare C. agree D. compete

10.A. reminded B. understood C. discovered D. trusted

11.A. recognize B. experience C. imagine D. realize

12.A. and B. or C. but D. as

13.A. challenges B. expectations C. promises D. chances

14.A. goal B. result C. possibility D. truth

15.A. touched B. stopped C. caught D. kept

16.A. puzzled B. shocked C. amused D. inspired

17.A. even B. yet C. still D. almost

18.A. lesson B. subject C. notice D. skill

19.A. excitement B. determination C. anger D. anxiety

20.A. ability B. advantage C. problem D. exception

Why Do We Forget Things?

When it comes to having perfect memories, it is apparent that we humans must have had some faults in our blueprints(蓝图)! Why don’t we remember everything that we want to remember? It makes us feel upset and get discouraged. 1. However, it’s true that we are all forgetful.

2.These are stored in what we call our “long-term memory”. What about before age three? Sigmund Freud, a doctor of Vienna, discovered the fact that we forget most of our early childhood. 3.They have different opinions. A very good theory, born from the results of experimentation with babies, is that absence of language ability at the time of an event stopped us from describing it to others.

4. Experts say that you can keep about seven things in your memory at once for up to three days. During that time, you may forget something in order to put something else in its place, or you put it into long-term memory. What goes into short-term memory are things you’ve learned about recently, in the past day or two. 5.For example, you may have met your favorite star last week, and this week you can tell all the details to a friend. A simple example to explain your short-term memory is to look at a list of twenty words for a minute or two. You will discover that you cannot remember more than about seven of them and that they are the ones in the beginning and at the end of the list because your mind has judged them to be more important than those in the middle.

A.Scientists now know that it may take longer to remember things for the old.

B.However, it is widely recognized that short-term memory can be improved.

C.Sometimes, it even causes us to lose self-respect or others to think less of us.

D.Psychologists have been studying what causes this forgetfulness since Freud’s time.

E.Most of us have vivid memories of our lives from about age three to our present ages.

F.Only if something really unusual happens does it stay in your short-term memory for longer.

G.The other type of memory, the “short-term memory”, is what we are usually referring to when we say, “I forgot.”

    It’s holiday season and time for shopping. There are a bunch of items on your shopping lists ranging from small gifts, toys and festive decorations to Christmas and New Year cards. What’s your first reaction to products labeled “Made in China”? If you still tend to relate “Made in China” to poor quality, you need to update your ideas. China’s ability to produce high-quality products has been recognized by a growing number of foreigners. It’s a misunderstanding to associate low quality with “Made in China”.

Cameron Purdy, a Web user, says that China manufactures poor-quality products does not mean it cannot manufacture high-quality products. He explains that the poor-quality products one purchases in the US for example, are made in the quality that the American companies ask for. “The price that you pay for the product has no relationship to the cost of its manufacturing,” suggested Purdy. For example, for an item priced at $20 in the US, the cost of manufacturing it paid by the American company is usually less than $1. To guarantee the room for profit, the Chinese co-manufacturer spends less than $1 to produce the item.

Amanda Wu, who lives in Shanghai, noted that many top brands have manufacturing factories located in China, and the most convincing example of China’s manufacturing quality is Apple products. On the back of the iPhone, one can find the product is Made in China—“Designed by Apple in California. Assembled (装备) in China. ”Chinese and foreign Web users commented that some Chinese products with good reputations around the world are Haier, Lenovo, GREE, Huawei and China Railway High-speed.

On the other hand, foreign misunderstandings can sometimes affect Chinese people’s minds. For instance, when Chinese people travel abroad, some would still avoid buying products Made in China. It’s time for the world to stop relating Made in China with low-quality products. Just remember, you get what you pay for.

1.How does Purdy make his point more convincing?

A. By using quotes. B. By making experiments.

C. By making comparisons. D. By giving examples.

2.How many Chinese products are well received worldwide in the text?

A. Seven B. Six.

C. Five. D. Four.

3.When abroad, Chinese people don’t buy Chinese products because of ________.

A. high price B. low quality

C. old fashions D. foreign misunderstanding

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A. Chinese products are the best in the world.

B. How to tell apart the quality of Chinese products.

C. How to improve the quality of Chinese products.

D. Chinese products don’t have to mean poor quality.

Owls and Larks

Larks are most likely to be healthy, wealthy and wise, according to the old saying.

But those who are early to bed and early to rise do not always have the upper hand, researchers say. They have found that night owls are generally brighter and wealthier than those able to get up early in the morning.

Experts from the University of Madrid carried out tests on around 1,000 teenagers and found that those who preferred to stay up late proved the kind of intelligence associated with honored jobs and higher incomes. “Larks” or “morning people”, however, often acquired better exam results, possibly because lessons are held at the wrong time of day for night owls. The researchers examined the habits and body clocks of the youngsters to determine whether they liked to stay up late and sleep later in the morning, or preferred to go to bed early and were at their peak in the morning. School performance and inductive(归纳的)intelligence, or problem solving, were measured and academic grades in the major subjects were also taken into account. The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator of academic（学术的） performance. They also had a greater capacity（能力） to think conceptually（概念地） as well as analytically. Such abilities have been linked to innovative(创新的) thinking, more admired occupations and better incomes.

Famous night owls include President Trump, Obama, Charles Darwin, Winston Churchill, Keith Richards and Elvis Presley. George W. Bush, who is regularly in bed by 10 p.m., Thomas Edison, Napoleon, Condoleezza Rice, who wakes at 4:30 a.m., and Ernest Hemingway are among those known as larks. Jim Horne, professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University, said, “Evening types tend to be the more active and creative types, the poets, artists and inventors, while the morning types are the deducers(推导者), as are often seen with civil servants and accountants.” A previous study of US Air Force recruits found that evening types were much better at thinking to solve problems than larks.

1.What does the word “owl” mean in the text?

A. A bird of prey that flies at night.

B. A bird of prey that is a symbol of wisdom.

C. A kind of person who stays up late.

D. A kind of person who gets up early.

2.The following features belong to night owls EXCEPT that ________.

A. Night owls are much healthier, wealthier and wiser

B. Night owls stay up late and sleep later in the morning

C. Night owls have a strong ability of inductive reasoning

D. Night owls are expert in analyzing and innovative thinking

3.What’s the author’s attitude towards night owls?

A. Doubtful. B. Objective.

C. Subjective. D. Negative.

4.According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. President Trump and George W. Bush are models of night owls.

B. The early bird will catch the worm.

C. Morning types have a tendency to do some creative jobs.

D. Night owls usually do poorer in the examinations than larks.

    If you think American cooking means opening a package and throwing the contents into the microwave oven (微波炉), think again. On the one hand, it’s true that many Americans have cold cereal for breakfast, sandwiches for lunch and instant (方便的) dinners. From busy homemakers to working people, many Americans enjoy the convenience of fast food that can be ready to serve in 10 minutes or less. On the other hand, many Americans realize the importance of cooking skills. Parents—especially mothers’—see the importance of training their children—especially daughter’s. Most Americans think that there’s nothing better than a good home-cooked meal. But with cooking, as with any other skill, good results don’t happen by accident.

Probably every cook has his or her own way of cooking. But there are some basic skills that most people follow. For example, baking is a main method of preparing food in America. For that reason, Americans would find it next to impossible to live without an oven. American cooks pay special attention to the balance of foods, too. In planning a big meal, they try to include meat, a few vegetables, some bread and often a dessert. They also like to make sure the meal is colorful. Having several different colors of food on the plate usually makes for a healthy meal.

For those who need guidance in their cooking, or for those who have just run out of ideas, recipes are a great help. Recipes list all the ingredients for a dish (generally in the order used), the amount of each to use, and a description of how to put them together.

1.This passage mainly tells us that ________.

A. Americans usually have fast food, but they pay special attention to cooking as well

B. without an oven, Americans find it impossible to live conveniently

C. Americans pay special attention to recipes and nutritious meals

D. Americans like to have several different colors of food on the plate

2.Many Americans have cold cereal for breakfast, sandwiches for lunch and instant dinner because ________.

A. they like instant food very much

B. they don’t like cooking at all

C. most American working people are busy and don’t have time to cook

D. fast food is delicious and it usually contains a 1ot of vitamins

3.By saying “But with cooking, as with any other skill, good results don’t happen by accident”, the author means ________.

A. good cooking doesn’t come easily: it needs a lot of practice

B. just like any other skill, cooking may bring good results

C. cooking comes from one’s gift, not through practice

D. cooking can lead to accidents

4.From the passage, we know that ________.

A. Americans don’t care about food

B. Americans are not good at cooking because they like to use recipes

C. an oven plays an important role in cooking for Americans

D. while cooking, Americans usually run out of ideas

Peyto Lake, Canada

Located in Banff National Park, Canada’s first national park Peyto Lake is one of the most wonderful lakes in the world. What makes it truly beautiful is its unique greenish-blue color, and placement in the Canadian Rockies. Named after trail guide Bill Peyto, this lake is located at a height of 1,860m.

Entry Details: $9.80 adult, $8.30 senior, $4.90 youth, and $19.60 family

Best Time to Visit: July, August, and September

Lake Argentino, Argentina

Located in the Patagonian province in Argentina, the lake is truly beautiful. Surrounded by glaciers and snow-covered mountains, the lake presents visual delights like none other. With a maximum depth of 500 meters, it’s the biggest freshwater lake in Argentina. The lake is famous for fishing.

Entry Details: $15~$20, changes as per season, but entry for tourists above 70 years of age is always free.

Best Time to Visit: December to March, and late November

Lake Baikal, Russia

Being the world’s oldest and deepest lake, Baikal is about 395 meters long, 49 meters wide and 1,637 meters deep. It holds more water than the Five Great Lakes of America combined, and is thus the largest freshwater lake globally. Located in the south Russian region of Siberia, a trip to view this lake is a trip of a lifetime!

Entry Details: No Entrance fee here

Best Time to Visit: March to April

Lake Como, Italy

Considered one of the most beautiful lakes in Europe, Lake Como has attracted tourists since Roman times. Located in Lombardy, Como is one of the deepest lakes in Europe. Surrounded by villas and palaces, this lake has attracted some of the wealthiest. Today, many celebrities(名人) have houses here. Here you can enjoy water sports, take a flight over the lake, or try skiing during the winters-every tourist has something he’s going to like!

Entry Details: Free

Best Time to Visit: July and September

1.Why is the passage presented?

A. To call on people to travel around the world.

B. To introduce some beautiful lakes around the world.

C. To explain how some world-famous lakes formed.

D. To tell us what tourist can do around the world-famous lakes.

2.Which place has to be paid for a visit of an 80-years-old man?

A. Lake Como, Italy. B. Lake Baikal, Russia.

C. Peyto Lake, Canada. D. Lake Argentino, Argentina.

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The world’s second largest freshwater lake is in Russia

B. A trail guide gave the name to Peyto Lake of Canada

C. Lake Como is well known for its color and location

D. Lake Argentino is surrounded by glaciers and snow-covered mountains

请你写一篇短文介绍自己买的机器人，内容要点如下：

1．看起来像真人一样；

2．可以帮助做许多事情：做家务、做饭、帮儿子做作业，陪主人外出购物等；

3．你的担心：出了毛病不听指令，伤害儿子；4．对未来的展望。    ‘

注意：（1）用第一人称。  （2）字数120词左右。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Recently, the Ministry of Education has issued a requirement which students should be given labor education while at the school, which arouses a heated debate.

As for students, opinion are divided. Some students think that it will be great benefit for their health, enabled them to be well developed. On the other hand, some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up our time, which will be spent studying otherwise. But it will have a negative effect on their grades.

It was true that students are given little chance of laboring nowadays, thus lacking the sense of labor. So as far as I am concerned, students definite should receive labor education so that they will value more that labor brings about.

单词拼写(每空一词)

注意：请使用Book7 Unit 2-- Unit 4中学习的单词

1.This should be not only a _________ (财政的) issue, but a social one.

2.I will make _________(安排) for you to be met at the airport.

3.She was in the ____________(深处) of despair.

4.Masaar spent six months in prison before _______(逃离) the country.

5.Are the following ______(陈述) true or false?

6.They believed that art should be _______(与……脱离) from politics.

7.She picked up the _______(电话听筒) and dialed his number.

8.The two men _______(跳) into the jeep and roared off.

9._______(相关的) documents were presented in court.

10.She always ________(拖，拉) behind when we walk anywhere.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。

A Bite of China

No trip would be complete without experiencing the local food culture. Actually, China has various kinds of delicious food,1.(include) a wide variety of local snacks (小吃).

Without a doubt, for the majority of the foreigners I contacted, and myself included, Peking Duck, Dim Sum, Mongolian Hot Pot were the favorite Chinese2.(dish). China is a place3.the food is not only delicious, but the4.(cheap) I’ve ever found.

5.my last night in Beijing before returning to the States, I went to a Peking Duck restaurant that had been suggested for me to try. What a beautiful place! Splendid woodblock prints on the walls, fresh flowers in the vases on the table,6.(attract) silverware (镀银餐具) and beautiful chopsticks. I was handed7.menu and found most of the prices8.(be) especially low for the high quality of the food. The duck came in whole or half, along with all the little decorations that you know if you’ve ever eaten Peking duck---a little tortilla (玉米饼) to put the sliced duck and vegetables in chopped onion, sauce.

Anyway, I ended up ordering a whole duck and thought I’d just take the rest back to my hotel 9. (eat) later if I couldn’t finish it. Unbelievably, in the end there was none of the whole duck 10.(leave) on the plate. Umm, yummy!

    It had been a long drive to the Veteran’s hospital. My brother and I had gone to __________my Dad who had been____________days earlier, weak, sick and confused. The __________had diagnosed him with pneumonia(肺炎) and found cancer cells in his brain. My Dad looked so _________ lying there in bed. It wasn’t just the _________ that was getting to him. It was also being so _________ his family and friends.

As I sat by his ___________, a little woman with a big smile__________ into his room. She was at least 80 years old but seemed to have the __________of someone 60 years younger. She was a volunteer    _______handmade get-well cards from the local elementary school. Gently, she took my Dad’s hand and thanked him for his service to our country. It was the first time since he had gotten ___________that I saw my Dad smile. I__________her into the hallway as she left and___________her for lifting my Dad’s     _______. “I am just sharing a little__________, sweetie,” she said with a smile as she walked into the next___________room to share a little more.

That 80-year-old angel reminded me again of what is_________ in this life: sharing our love. When we share our love, we create__________ not only in the hearts of those____________us, but in our own hearts as well. When we share our love, we find ourselves doing what we were always___________to do. When we share our love, we make our souls lighter, our lives brighter and the world better.

1.A. invite B. amuse C. visit D. watch

2.A. refused B. admitted C. hurt D. wounded

3.A. family B. patient C. nurse D. doctor

4.A. sad B. small C. bored D. calm

5.A. work B. illness C. failure D. loneliness

6.A. related to B. strange to C. far away from D. different from

7.A. bed B. chair C. table D. window

8.A. broke B. walked C. turned D. looked

9.A. looks B. strength C. wealth D. energy

10.A. delivering B. showing C. selling D. collecting

11.A. hurt B. guilty C. sick D. bored

12.A. forced B. watched C. pushed D. followed

13.A. thanked B. questioned C. forgave D. blamed

14.A. hand B. head C. spirits D. dreams

15.A. love B. present C. time D. information

16.A. nurse’s B. doctor’s C. patient’s D. women’s

17.A. hard B. easy C. initial D. essential

18.A. surprise B. joy C. security D. wonder

19.A. within B. beyond C. around D. before

20.A. meant B. ordered C. asked D. attracted

    Leading a healthy life doesn’t only mean going to the gym and working out. It further means taking care of your body and making it easy to manage healthy choices in day-to-day life. 1.. Here are few tips to lead a healthier life.

Drink lots of water:

Water is very essential for our body to function. Most of us do not know that over 60% of our body is made up of water. It is very much needed in our body as it carries out body functions, removes waste and carries nutrients and oxygen around our body. We should take lots of water every day, as we lose water through daily activities.

Eat lots of fruits:

2.. Eating lots of fruits benefits our body with vitamins and minerals. For example-Oranges gives more health benefits than vitamin C pills. In order to lead a healthy life one must eat a plateful of nutritious fruits every day.

Exercise:

Exercising daily brings tremendous benefits to our body. Exercising increases the life span, lowers the risk of diseases, leads to higher bone density and helps in weight loss. 3.

Enough sleep:

Sleep is a must for healthy living as our body needs rest after a day of hard work. If you don't get enough sleep you tend to eat more. 4. . So try to avoid these problems and let your body heal, get enough sleep.

5.:

Smoking is not good for health, as it leads to lung cancer, kidney cancer, heart attack and much more. Health risks cannot be decreased by smoking light cigarettes. To enjoy a healthy living, quit smoking.

A. Quit smoking.

B. Increase of physical activity will lead us to healthy living.

C. We should keep ourselves from drinking dirty water.

D. Some entertaining games can make you refreshed.

E. Our body will take us through the various phases of life.

F. Even you may face early aging and dark circles beneath your eyes.

G. Healthy eating is a must to have a healthy lifestyle.

    Robot Surgeon (外科医生) Succeeds without Help from Human Doctors

Humans make mistakes. Even surgeons with years of experience are not infallible. But what if these doctors could pool their knowledge and experience together and create a surgical standard of care, to be carried out by machines?

That’s the idea behind surgical robots, which may soon perform most surgeries, from sewing up tiny wounds to performing heart procedures. Many of these operations are, in fact, already completed with the assistance of robots. But a recent test suggests that robots in the operating room may soon go a step further, performing on soft tissue completely on their own, from start to finish.

The Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot (STAR), successfully completed surgeries on pigs. “We’re the first group to develop autonomous robotic surgery with soft-tissue surgery, and when compared to standard operation, it’s better, ”says Peter Kim, professor of surgery. “The idea is not to replace surgeons; it will make the surgeons better and make the procedures safer.”

A recent Mayo Clinic study found that major surgical errors-including operating on the wrong site or side of the body, or even leaving tools or objects inside the patient-occur every one out of 22, 000procedures. That’s rare, but robots like STAR would aim to lower the number even further.

In the da Vinci surgical system, surgeons place their arms inside instruments and use their hands to control the movement of robotic tools on the operating table from afar. The robot’s every major move is controlled by surgeons, and thus its results may vary based on the surgeon’s training or experience.

STAR, on the other hand, is entirely autonomous. It’s not only able to work on its own and perform surgeries with a more flexible “hand”, but it’s able to react to the unexpected incidents. Cutting into hard tissue like bones is one thing, but operating on moving soft tissue is far more complex. STAR reacts to a changing environment, similar to how self-driving cars are programmed to not only drive on the highway, but also react to another driver making a mistake and getting in your way.

1.The underlined word “infallible” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.

A. always right B. really creative

C. rather responsible D. quite smart

2.We can learn from the passage that STAR ________.

A. has been widely used in the operating room

B. can perform the operation on its own

C. can make surgeries much faster

D. will take the place of surgeons

3.In the da Vinci surgical system, ________.

A. robots are trained from afar

B. surgery results depend on surgeons

C. robots always make mistakes

D. surgeons have trouble controlling robots

4.In the last paragraph, the author mentions self﹣driving cars in order to show ________.

A. how bad getting in another driver's way might be

B. how difficult self﹣driving on the highway is

C. how smart an autonomous robot can be

D. how dangerous operating on people is.

    When you eat fish, you probably eat it off a plate, using a fork. Well, the dolphins in Shark Bay, Australia, eat their fish from conch（海螺）shells!

Scientists have found some of these bottlenose dolphins（宽吻海豚）using their large beaks to trap fish in shells underwater. Then, carrying the shells to the surface, they shake out the fish into their mouths and eat them. Clearly, using the conch shells allows the dolphins to catch more fish than they would be able to without such a tool. The technique has been called “conching”.

Researchers noticed dolphins engaging in the behavior a handful of times from 2007 to 2009. This  dolphin trend seemed to become popular.

Simon Allen, a scientist, was surprised to see the conching technique spreading. "In the lasts four months alone, the research team have seen and photographed the behavior no less than six times, possibly even seven," he said in a press release. He thinks the dolphins may be learning conching from one another.

Dolphins are known to be highly intelligent. The size of their brain is large in proportion（比例）to their body size. Compared with other animals, they have highly developed communication and social skills. This species of dolphin also uses other tools. They will break off pieces of sponges that grow in the ocean, for example, and use them to cover their beaks. This allows them to search for food on the ocean floor without hurting their noses.

Scientists are going to keep trying to catch the dolphins in the act of conching. They hope to see evidence of the dolphins teaching one another the technique. They also want to know how the dolphins get fish in the conch shell. Do they push the fish into the shell with their beaks? Or do they chase the fish into the shell before carrying them up to eat?

However they do it, Allen believes these dolphins to be particularly clever. "I wouldn't be too surprised to find such cunning ploys being adopted by Shark Bay's bottlenose dolphins," he said in  statement.

1.The author develops the first paragraph by ______.

A. telling a story B. making n comparison

C. listing some facts D. offering an explanation

2.The technique "conching" refers to the fact that ______.

A. dolphins eat fish together with shells

B. dolphins attract fish with the conch shells

C. dolphins use shells to catch fish for food

D. dolphins catch fish with their beaks

3.According to Allen, the conching technique ______.

A. is spreading among sea animals quickly

B. has just been noticed at most 7 times

C. is sure to be learnt from one another

D. is becoming popular with dolphins

4.What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

A. Dolphins play a trick on each other

B. Dolphins use shells as tools to catch food

C. Dolphins depend on tools to find food

D. Dolphins are the cleverest sea creature

    I was desperately nervous about becoming car-free. But eight months ago our car was hit by a passing vehicle and it was destroyed. No problem, I thought: we’ll buy another. But the insurance payout didn’t even begin to cover the costs of buying a new car－I worked out that, with the loan, we’d need plus petrol, insurance, parking permits and tax, we would make a payment as much as £600 a month.

And that’s when I had my fancy idea. Why not just give up having a car at all? I live in London. We have a railway station behind our house, a tube station 10 minutes’ walk away, and a bus stop at the end of the street. A new car club had just opened in our area, and one of its shiny little red Peugeots was parked nearby. If any family in Britain could live without a car, I reasoned, then surely we were that family.

But my new car-free idea, sadly, wasn’t shared by my family. My teenage daughters were horrified. What would their friends think about our family being “too poor to afford a car”? (I wasn’t that bothered what they thought, and I suggested the girls should take the same approach.)

My friends, too, were astonished at our plan. What would happen if someone got seriously ill overnight and needed to go to hospital? (an ambulance) How would the children get to and from their many events? (buses and trains) People smiled as though this was another of my mad ideas, before saying they were sure I’d soon realize that a car was a necessity.

Eight months on, I wonder whether we’ll ever own a car again. The idea that you “have to” own a car, especially if you live in a city, is all in the mind. I live—and many other citizens do too—in a place that has never been better served by public transport, and yet car ownership has never been higher. We worry about rising car costs, but we’d be better off asking something much more basic: do I really need a car? Certainly the answer is no, and I’m a lot richer because I dared to ask the question.

1.The author decided to live a car-free life partly because ______.

A. most families chose to go car-free

B. he was hurt in a terrible car accident

C. the cost of a new car was too much

D. the traffic jam was unbearable for him

2.What is the attitude of the author’s family toward his plan?

A. Supportive. B. Disapproving.

C. Optimistic. D. Unconcerned.

3.What did the author suggest his daughters do about their friends’ opinion?

A. Argue against it. B. Take their advice.

C. Think it over. D. Leave it alone.

4.What conclusion did the author draw after the eight-month car-free life?

A. Life cannot go without a car.

B. Life without a car is a little bit hard.

C. His life gets improved without a car.

D. A car-free life does not suit everyone.

    Writing Contests, Grants & Awards in 2019 The Writing Contests, Grants （补助金） & Awards database includes details about the creative writing contests-including poetry contests, short story competitions, essay contests, awards for novels, and more-that we've published in "Poets & Writers Magazine" during the past year. We carefully review the practices and policies of each contest before including it. Use the online submission system.

Catherine Doctorow Innovative Fiction Prize

A prize of ﹩15，000 is given annually for a novel, or a story collection. U.S. writers who have published at least three books of fiction are qualified. Submit a manuscript （手稿） of any length, a brief biography, and a list of three previously published books of fiction with a ﹩25 entry fee by November 1,2019.

University of Alabama Press, P.O. Box 870380,Tuscaloosa,AL 35487.（ 773）702-7000.

Walt Whitman Award

A prize of ﹩5,000 is given annually for a poetry collection by a poet who has not published a book of poems in a standard edition. The winning book will also be distributed to 5,000 members of the Academy of American Poets. Submit a manuscript of 48 to 100 pages with a ﹩35 entry fee by November 1,2019.

Academy of American Poets,75 Maiden Lane, Suite 901,NewYork,NY10038.（ 212）274-0343.

Gabriele Rico Challenge in Creative Essay

A prize of ﹩1,333 is given annually for an essay. Using the online submission system, submit an essay of up to 5,000 words with a﹩20 entry fee, by November 1,2019.All entries are considered for publication. Visit the website for complete guidelines.

San Jose State University, English Department, One Washington Square, San Jose,CA95192．（ 408）924-4425.

Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize

A prize of ﹩500 is given annually for a work of nonfiction that is set in Brooklyn, New York, and expresses the region's "rich soul and intangible （无形的） qualities through the writer's actual experiences of Brooklyn." Submit an essay of up to 2,500 words by November 15,2019.There is no entry fee．

Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize, P.O. Box 491,New York,NY10156.（ 207）778-7071.

1.Who has the qualification to attend the contest for the prize of﹩15，000______

A. Whoever has written 3 novel books．

B. Whoever has published at least 3 books．

C. U.S. authors who've published 3 novel books．

D. U.S. writers who've written 3 poetry collections．

2.What will happen to your manuscript if you win Walt Whitman Award______

A. It will be published as a book of poems．

B. It will be read by all the academy members．

C. It will be distributed to whoever likes poems．

D. It will become a book that will sell well．

3.Brooklyn Nonfiction Prize is different from the other three writing contests in that ______ ．

A. the work must be a writer's real experiences B. its entry fee is higher

C. it has a deadline earlier than them D. the winners have no prize money

假如你是李华，你校交换生Lirida热衷于参加慈善活（charity)，你想遨请她本周 日一起去离学校30公里远的孤儿院(oiphanage)做慈善。请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.写信目的：

2.活动内容：

3.交通方式.

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文 中共有10处语言铕误，毎句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last Saturday, eighty students from our school pay a visit to Liaoning Science and Technology Museum.

The museum, which main task is to spread the knowledge of science and technology, covers area of 15,000 square meters. The moment when we entered the museum, the exhibition caught their attention. In the museum, we saw the latest progresses in science and technology. Moreover, we did an amazed scientific experiment by ourselves. What appealed for us most was the 4D film which made us feel we were in real events.

Though the visiting time was slight short, we gained a lot. It is so an instructive activity that we hope more will be organized in the future.

阅读下面短文.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Modern-day robots are programmed to handle tasks that are normally carried out by humans. They are faster and 1. (accurate) than human workers and never ask for a pay rise or take breaks!

Robots are also able to work2.dangerous situations.

Researchers at the University of Arkansas in the United States say that the mobile robots which have been created already are ideal for the job of hospital attendants. These mobile robots store a 3. (detail) map of the hospital in their memory. The robots’ sensors can detect 4. (object) and quickly get out of the way. Although these robots cannot go up and down know how 5. (press)a button of an elevator.

Researchers at the a Massachusetts' university are creating the first robot 6. can  constantly change its shape according to the task it has to do. These are called  polymorphic robots. “Polymorphic” means 7. ability to take different forms. A 3D printer8.(place)inside the robot to create the desired shape. The entire process of changing forms in this manner is called the rapid printing technology which is 9. (fair) common in the car industry to produce complex 3D structures quickly. Once the robot has performed 10. (it) task, it can be melted down and recycled into another useful part by the 3D printer.

    One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor _______ the question papers, with the text facing down as usual._______ he handed them all out, he asked his students to _______the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no _______, just a black dot (点）in the center of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on cvciyone’s face, told them the following:

“I want you to write what you_______there."

The students, thoroughly _______,got started on the inexplicable (费解的）task At the end  of the class, the professor _______ all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no _______，described the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been _______ , the classroom  was silent, the professor began to explain:

“I’m not going to grade this. I________ wanted to give you something to think about No one wrote about the________ part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our________.We have a white paper to observe and ________, but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a ________ given to us with love and ciur and we always ________ to celebrate: nature renewing itself tvery day，our friends around us, the job________ our bread and butter and the miracles we see evoy day.________ ,we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us. the lack of money, the ________ relationship with colleagues, the ________ with a friend, and etc.

The dark spots are very ________ compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones that pollute our minds.

1.A. turned up B. handed out C. referred to D. pointed at

2.A. Since B. Until C. If D. After

3.A. turn B. shut C. open D. use

4.A. exercises B. choices C. questions D. scores

5.A. remember B. imagine C. study D. see

6.A. surprised B. confused C. curious D. displeased

7.A. marked B. finished C. collected D. selected

8.A. excuse B. way C. explanation D. exception

9.A. read B. answered C. returned D. said

10.A. also B. just C. even D. finally

11.A. big B. black C. white D. beautiful

12.A. studies B. classrooms C. colleges D. lives

13.A. enjoy B. keep C. send D. show

14.A. burden B. gift C. pressure D. lesson

15.A. reasons B. lime C. freedom D. festivals

16.A. threatens B. ruins C. provides D. changes

17.A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Moreover

18.A. close B. tough C. special D. strong

19.A. stay B. touch C. satisfaction D. disappointment

20.A. dark B. round C. small D. dirty

Good Postures Benefits Health

Unless you become a ballet dancer or a soldier—occupations where poor postures is easily noticed —1. However, if parts of your body s the neck, shoulders or lower back start lo cry out in pain, you may find out that your postures  go wrong.

Posture is more than just a function of the way someone stands or sits. 2. The   main health risks of poor postures arc aches and pains, which can occur right away or down the road. This discomfort may start in the neck or back, but finally it may affect the hips and knees. Those who exhibit bad posture may also be less efficient, and they are more likely to be injured when they move.

3. Physically, it can minimize the force that muscles and joints need to absorb. Moreover, it can help people appear taller and feci better about themselves. Mentally, psychology studies have suggested that people’s postures in low spirits make them look less confident and competent than others.

There are many activities in people's daily lives that can affect postures and throw the body off balance if you don’t pay attention. Examples include sitting at a desk for long periods, frequently holding a phone between the ear and the shoulder and bending over a laptop. 4.The body was not physically designed to stay in one position. If you go a long time without changing your position, it can start to stress your body’s tissues.5. If you are  concerned about having poor postures, you can turn to an expert who will show you how to do certain exercise that helps improve tight muscles.

A. you will learn the benefits of having good postures.

B. you probably don’t pay much attention to your postures.

C. Regular exercise is a good way to help form good postures.

D. Keeping good postures can benefit a person’s body and mind.

E. It is also a reflection of the body’s strengths, weakness and overall health.

F. To make up for this, you are recommended to switch positions every 20 minutes.

G.Modem people's continually looking down at a smartphone is another typical one.

    A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes.

Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.

A San Francisco start-up company called Rothy's, however, turns this plastic waste into environmentally friendly shoes. Roth Martin is the company’s co-founder. He explains how ihey turn plastic into soft material for women’s feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press them through a device that makes soft fibers. Those fibers arc then combined together. This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe arc then attached to the shoe’s outer part, called the sole (鞋底).This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly  material: responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.

Rolhy’s shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $ 125 or $ 145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand. “We’re not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future." When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycled material to make other products.

For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.

1.How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with?

A. They are used to make shoes.

B. They are buried or burned.

C. They are changed into soft materials.

D. They are returned to factories for reuse.

2.What does the underlined word “knitted” in the third paragraph mean?

A. Combined. B. Fixed.

C. Spotted. D. Repaired.

3.Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothy’s shoes?

A. The design and color.

B. The reasonable price.

C. The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.

D. The company's advertisement.

4.What is the purpose of the text?

A. To advertise a new kind of shoes.

B. To describe the process of making shoes.

C. To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste.

D. To stress the importance of environmental protection.

    Spring is coming, and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs. Competition is tough, so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices. Whatever we are wearing, our family and friends may accept us, but the workplace may not.

A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos (纹身)，nose rings, or certain dress styles. It is true you can't judge a book by its cover, yet people do “cover” themselves in order to convey certain messages. What we wear, including tattoos and nose rings, is an expression of who we are. Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons, but the main concern is often about what customers accept.

Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money. Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees, because those people represent the companies to their customers.

As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers. There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers. Even though I am open-minded, I can’t expect all our customers are.

There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer. No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards, as long as its standards are legal.

1.Which of the following is the newspaper editor’s opinion according to Paragraph 2?

A. People’s apperances cany messages about themselves.

B. Customers’ choices influence dress standards in companies.

C. Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated.

D. Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace.

2.What can be inferred from the text?

A. Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview.

B. Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates.

C. Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates.

D. What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies.

3.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Personal Choices Matter B. Appearances Matter

C. Employees Matter D. Hiring Managers Matter

4.The author's attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described

A. negative B. positive

C. enthusiastic D. sympathetic

    After 21 years of marriage, my wife woman out to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. The other woman was my mother,who has been a widow(寡妇)for 19 years.Hpwever,the demamds of my work and my three children had made it possible to visit her only ocasionally.

That Friday after work,wnen I arrived at her house,my mother was waiting in the door with her coat on.She had curled her hair and was  wearing the dress that she had worn to celebrate her last wedding anniversary.

We went to a restaurant that, although not elegant, was very nice and comfortable. My mother took my arm as if she were !he First Lady. During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation about nothing extraordinary but just caught up on recent events. We talked so much that we missed the movie.

As we arrived at her house later, she said: “I'll go out with you again, but only if you let me invite you.” I agreed. A few days later, my mother died of a serious heart attack. It happened so suddenly that I didn’t have a chance to do anything for her.

Sometime later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant receipt (收据）from the same place mother and I had dined. An attached note said: **I paid this bill in advance. I wasn’t sure that I could be there; still, I paid for two plates—one for you and the other for your wife. You will never know what that night meant for me. I love you. Son.”

At mat moment, I understood the importance of saying: UI love you” and of giving our loved ones the time they deserve. Nothing in life is more important than family. Give family members the attention they deserve, because these things cannot be put off till some “other’ time.

1.The author describes in detail how his mother looked, in order to      .

A. show readers his mother’s character

B. stress how important the dinner was to his mother

C. create an atmosphere of happiness

D. emphasize the importance of table manners

2.The author should be thankful to     .

A. his mom. who paid in advance for the next dinner

B. God, who gave him the chance to have dinner with his mom

C. his wife, who pushed him to have with his mom

D. his children,who were very understanding and helpful

3.We  can infer from the story that       .

A. the author's mother felt satisfied to have paid the bill in advance

B. the author and his mother talked about big events during their dinner

C. the author and his mother saw a movie together after their dinner

D. the author considers his work and family a great burden

4.What does the author intend to tell us with this story?

A. A good heart is sure to find another to match it.

B. We should seek for good opportunities to express our love.

C. If you put something off, you will regret it in the future.

D. It's important to express our love to our loved ones in time.

    How many times have you come back and felt terribly tired, feeling like your  head is going to explode? Sounds familiar, right? Well, there are several ways to reduce the frequency of headaches, and those are: eating balanced diet through the day, making sure your body is well hydrated (保持身体水分);getting some exercise to remove the negative energy, like helping yourself with a short massage (按摩）on your head. However, preparing an easy recipe will instantly put a smile on your face after your workday.

You will need these simple ingredients (配料)to prepare the magical drink which will stop your headache: Lemon juice; 2 teaspoons of salt (preferably high quality salt); 1 cup of water.

Directions:

Squeeze 2 lemons. Pour the lemon juice into a cup and add 2 teaspoons of salt. Mix the two ingredients. Add a cup of water to the content. Drink the mixture quikly.

How will this drink  work and what are the benefits of its ingredients?

Salt:Here  is what salt does for your body:

--regulates your blood sugar.

--balances the sugar   levels;

--benefits nerve cells for communication and information processing;

—obtains acidity from your body’s cells, especially brain cells;

—works as a strong anti-stress element for the body;

—adds energy in your body's cells.

Lemon Juice: This excellent juice, full of vitamin C and anti-poisons, will release all poisonous substances from your body and give you a sense of lightness. Here’s how the lemon will help you ease your headache and maintain well-being to your whole body:

—balances the pH levels in your body;

—protects your immune system;

—nourishes your brain and nerve cells;

— reduces inflammation (炎症)in your whole body (the headache is a type of inflammation, so the lemon juice fights against it).

Water：

Water is important for hydrating your whole body, including your head. Many of your daily headaches may be caused by dehydratation (脱水)，so keep in mind that you should drink plenty of water throughout the day.

1.How many ways arc mentioned in the text to help relieve headaches?

A. Two. B. Three.

C. Four. D. Five.

2.What do lemon juice and salt have in common in fighting against headaches?

A. Both can benefit our nerve cells a lot.

B. Both can keep our sugar levels balanced.

C. Both have no effect on our immune system.

D. Both balance the pH levels in our body.

3.The author’s main purpose in writing the text is   .

A. to explain to us different reasons for headache problems

B. to give readers advice on how to avoid headache problems

C. to warn readers of the bad influence of headache problems

D. to offer an anti-headache recipe and the benefits of its ingredients