If you’ve been paying attention, you know that crows (乌鸦) are remarkably intelligent birds. 1.: six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. 2., it dispenses (分发) a treat to reward the crows for their efforts.

The idea came from one of the park’s falconers (放鹰员), Christophe Gaborit. As part of the falconry show, crows had already been trained to pick up roses and bring them to a princess. So in the 2000s, Gaborit raised and trained two crows to do the same with rubbish. 3., in which a dispenser gives a food reward when a crow correctly performs a task.

Earlier this year, we saw research in which a type of “vending machine” was used to teach crows how to tear paper into a specific shape. And 10 years ago, “hacker” Josh Klein built a similar vending machine to reward crows for getting back lost money. 4..

The crows were used for the first time over the weekend, and they'll be working four days a week under close watch —not for the birds, but to make sure the humans don’t deliberately drop rubbish to watch the birds clean it up.

That's because the aim of the crow garbage collectors isn't merely to collect garbage—it's also to get park-goers to think before they litter. 5..

A.So we know the concept works

B.But bird lovers have different views

C.Now these feathered talents have been given a job

D.The crows are trained to identify small pieces of rubbish

E.Whenever they put a small piece of rubbish in a special container

F.It’s a funny way to show the people that you cannot throw the papers everywhere

G.The training system is similar to experimental setups for testing crows’ intelligence

    Wearing a hearing aid can slow the progress of dementia (痴呆) by up to 75 percent, according to a new study. Scientists believe that keeping older people active by adopting the devices can significantly reduce age-related cognitive (认知的) decline.

They followed the progress of 2,040 people between 1996 and 2014, asking them to complete word memory tests at various stages and monitoring the rate of decline before and after getting a hearing aid. The research team found that while the aids did not halt cognitive decline, they slowed it down by three-quarters. Meanwhile, in a separate group of 2,068 who underwent cataract surgery (白内障手术), decline slowed by around half.

The team at the University of Manchester said the strength of the connection between hearing aids, cataract surgery and mental decline meant policy makers should consider hearing and sight loss screening for all older adults. Dr. Piers Dawes said, “These studies underline just how important it is to overcome the barriers which stop people from accessing hearing and visual aids. It’s not really certain why hearing and visual problems have an effect on cognitive decline, but I’d guess that separation, shame and the resultant lack of physical activity that are linked to hearing and vision problems might have something to do with it.” “And there are barriers to overcome —people might not want to wear hearing aids because of embarrassment attached to wearing them, or they feel the amplification (放大) is not good enough or they’re not comfortable.”

The number of people in Britain suffering hearing problems will rise by 40 percent by 2035, a charity has forecast. The charity Action on Hearing Loss believes the number of people suffering such difficulties will rise from one in six to one in five, so it calls for more investment in treatment and research into hearing loss.

1.How does wearing hearing aids benefit old people?

A.It improves their cognitive ability.

B.It slows down their cognitive decline.

C.It enables them to make more friends.

D.It helps them overcome life barriers easily.

2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A.The result of the research.

B.The principle of the research.

C.The importance of the research.

D.The participants of the research.

3.What does the underlined word “halt” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Increase. B.Stop.

C.Change. D.Help.

4.What do researchers suggest policy makers do?

A.Provide hearing aids for people freely.

B.Spend more on research into hearing loss.

C.Screen all old people for hearing and sight loss.

D.Encourage factories to produce good hearing aids.

    As Americans live longer and the job market stays competitive, fast-food chains are increasingly hiring from senior centers, churches and aging advocacy groups like AARP, Bloomberg reports. And it’s not just death rate and economic trends driving the change. Seniors have more polished social skills, but teens are stopped from growing up online with fewer real-world connections.

“I spend a lot of time with young kids. They can be very disrespectful,” 63-year-old Church’s Chicken manager Stevenson Williams tells Bloomberg of his teen co-workers. “You have to coach them and tell them this is your job, not the street,” Williams says. “Having ‘soft skills’ such as politeness often comes more easily to the seniors, who have had a lifetime of experience in the workforce to learn how to treat customers compared with young people.”

Employers thus get a more mature worker at no additional cost — but the reasons for seniors outpacing teen hires are many. The US Census Bureau reported this year that, by 2035, there will be more Americans over age 65 than there are children under age 18. Plus, fewer people in their prime (盛年) are working — thanks to the unaffordable child care that forces many parents to stay at home, according to a joint study by Princeton University.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) forecasts the number of American workers aged 65 to 74 will swell 4.5 percent by 2024, while the 16-to-24s will shrink 1.4 percent. By 2024, the BLS projects the labor force will grow to about 164 million people. That number includes about 41 million people aged 55 and older — about 13 million of those who are expected to be aged 65 and up.

So don’t be surprised to see even more service with a smile and silver hair in that drive-through lane.

1.What does the underlined part “the change” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A.Americans live longer.

B.The job market gets competitive.

C.Senior centers are becoming more.

D.Fast-food chains hire more senior people.

2.Why are seniors the hot new fast-food employees according to Williams?

A.Teens are easy to quit.

B.They demand less pay.

C.Teens are hard to control and manage.

D.They are good at socializing.

3.Which of the following can be regarded as a “soft skill”?

A.Having high education. B.Knowing customers’ needs.

C.Being skillful at computer. D.Having lots of connections with real-world

4.Why do many parents stay at home according to Paragraph 3?

A.They find it hard to find a job.

B.They prefer to look after children.

C.They find it hard to pay for child care.

D.They are unwilling to work with senior citizens.

    Chef Jeremy Pang and a team of helpers are on a task to help feed London’s homeless and those facing food shortage in London. Pang and about 180 volunteers wore aprons and sharpened their cooking skills to make 4,000 dumplings, 700 noodle stir-fries, and 700 liters of curry in just four hours on a cold morning in Borough Market.

Now in its third year, the aim of the event, which is called Wok for 1,000, is to raise awareness of food waste and food shortage throughout the United Kingdom. Pang, who founded School of Wok in London’s Covent Garden，led a team of experienced chefs in teaching volunteers how to cook the dishes. The hot meals were then packed up and loaded into trucks so they could be distributed to those in need.

The event was part of Pang’s work to support the charity (慈善组织) Plan Zheroes, which aims to help connect food businesses with charities in order to redistribute surplus (过剩的) food and support measures to help prevent food waste. “1,300 meals get distributed to around 10 charities across London who are fighting food shortage,” Pang said. “The idea is that with ‘small steps for big changes’, an event like this can show people that one person can easily cook for 10 people and feed a lot of people in need.”

The food materials used at the event were donated by School of Wok^ suppliers as well as from stallholders (摊主) in Borough Market.

“As soon as we met Plan Zheroes, it was clear to me that it was a charity we wanted to raise money for,” said Pang. “So, not only are we creating thousands of meals but, at the same time, we are raising around 5,000 to 6,000 pounds for a very small charity doing a huge job.’’

1.Why did Jeremy Pang hold the event Wok for 1,000?

A.To improve Pang’s food businesses.

B.To win a good reputation for himself.

C.To show his kindness to homeless people.

D.To raise people’s awareness of food problems.

2.What can we know about the event Wok for 1,000?

A.It has been carried out for three years.

B.It is held in London’s Covent Garden.

C.It directly distributes meals to the homeless.

D.It is part of the charity Plan Zheroes’s activity.

3.Where did the food materials used at the event come from?

A.They were offered by volunteer chefs.

B.They were donated by generous people.

C.They were provided by some charities.

D.They were bought from suppliers.

4.What’s the best title of the text?

A.A Charity Plan Zheroes

B.A Celebrity Chef Jeremy Pang

C.Volunteers Cooked Meals for the Homeless

D.Experienced Chefs Taught Volunteers How to Cook

Four Most Beautiful Villages in Italy

San Gimignano

San Gimignano is a small walled medieval (中世纪的) hill town in the province of Siena. It is the most beautiful village in Italy and also one of the most breathtaking places in the world. It’s one of the best preserved towns with 13 towers adding to its charm (魅力). A UNESCO World Heritage Site sitting in the middle of vineyards, sunflowers and trees, this village is truly one of a kind. To preserve its quality of being authentic, no traffic is allowed near its center. You’d better explore it on foot.

Menaggio

Set in the province of Como, right on the western shore of Lake Como, the area is frequently visited for its Menaggio and Cadenabbia Golf Club founded in 1907. This beautiful village still keeps its old charm, with beautiful surroundings that could be enjoyed from one of the many waterfront balconies. One of the best times to visit Menaggio is during the Guitar Festival that takes place every summer.

Montone

Apart from its rich history, the walled medieval village Montone has the advantage of being surrounded by the countryside in Umbria, an area filled with great wheat fields and grapevines that is truly beautiful and peaceful. Montone was a small industrial village during the middle age.

Positano

Positano is a village on the Amalfi Coast in Campania. It has a great beach and a lovely harbor from where you could take a boat to explore the scenic area. The roads leading here are narrow and with single tracks but there are buses that can take you to the town.

1.What’s the best way to get to the center of San Gimignano?

A.On foot. B.By boat. C.By bike. D.By bus.

2.Where is the village with great wheat fields?

A.In Siena. B.In Como. C.In Umbria. D.In Campania.

3.Which village provides great coastal scenery?

A.San Gimignano. B.Menaggio. C.Montone. D.Positano.

阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Boys like to be considered to be brave,but what kind of things can be considered to be brave? It is not a question that can be answered by words,but by the actual deed.

A boy with the name Henry gave us a good example.Ronny and Henry were two friends in the same class.They always played together and went home together.One day as Ronny and Henry were going home after school,they saw some people fighting in the street corner.Ronny said excitedly,"Some people are fighting!Let's go and have a look!"But Henry refused,"It's none of our business.We'd better go home and don't get close to them.Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me."

＂You are a coward((懦夫），and afraid to go,"said Ronny,and off he ran to the spot with some other boys.Henry had to go home alone and didn't think about it anymore.

But Ronny thought Henry was a coward and told all the boys that.They laughed at him a great deal.From then on,they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him.

Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Ronny for his rude behavior,because he had learned that true courage was shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved,and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong.Thus,he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to stick to his thought and go to school and study as well.However,Ronny didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore.Instead,he had his new friends who also thought Henry was a coward.Every day after school,they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had lots of fun.

注意：

1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；

2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3. 续写部分分为二段，每段的开头语已经为你写好；

4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:

A few days later,something terrible happened to Ronny.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

At that moment,Henry happened to pass by.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是李华。下周一至周三因故不能上外教Mr. Smith的英语课，需要向他请假，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:

1. 解释原因；

2. 请求同意；

3. 弥补措施。

注意:

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

根据所给汉语或首字母写出空缺处单词的适当形式，使句子完整，语法正确，每空一词。

1.These machines are c_________updated by improving the design of the computers all the time.

2.At home, however, there should be little difficulty a________the attention of private and foreign investors(投资者).

3.All photographs are by the author unless o__________stated.

4.Having been b________twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up.

5.Many veterans(老兵) believe it is their job to bear witness to the horrors of war that they p______ experienced.

6.Whether he is i_________or guilty is a decision that will be made when the case is tried in court.

7.When people spend more and more time far from reality, they will find it hard to draw a d_________between the virtual world and the real one.

8.It is a well-known fact that China has made invaluable_________(贡献) to world peace, stability and development.

9.They accepted the invitation without a moment's_________(犹豫).

10.All seats__________(占用), he had to stand in the corner, listening to the speech.

11.For the_________(便利) of our classification; any over eighteen years old counts as an adult.

12.We are supposed to make decisions based on facts and___________(分析).

13.The after-sale service network of the company has spread___________(全国地).

14.It is__________(难堪的) to have someone looking over your shoulder while you're at work, as though you could not be trusted.

15.A group____________(构成)of several families visited the amusement park last week.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的）than 1.(take)afternoon tea.We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, 2.more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea 3. turned tea-drink into a popular pastime.

This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 4.(comfort)while nibbling(小口吃）on nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course, it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,which 5.(design)as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 6.(fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.

Now there is a resurgence(复苏）in its 7.(popular)in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. 8. it can be enjoyed at home,the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or cafe.But if you're thinking of visiting such a place 9.(enjoy)a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew,remember the rules you must follow to avoid 10.(ask)to leave.

Writer Henry James once noted that"there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea."I'm sure once you have tried it,you will agree.

    If you could have any three things,what would you want?

Eleven-year-old Ruby loves _______that question,but it's not a game she plays for fun.She asks it at nursing homes in the Harrison area.She then sets out to _______the residents'(住户的) wishes.

Ruby has long been close to older folks.Her mother,Amanda Chitsey works at nursing homes in Arkansas, and Ruby often follows."I've never found them scary at all,so I'm willing to_______ them and ask if they need anything,"she says.

Last May,Ruby noticed a woman named Pearl _______out a window.She seemed sorrowful. ＂What are you looking at?"Ruby asked.Pearl said she was watching her dog being _______ away by his new owner after a visit.Pearl didn't know when she would see her dog again.

Ruby noticed that pets were not permitted at the nursing home.And Pearl couldn't afford to look after her dog,as she got only$40 a month to spend on_______items such as clothes and haircuts.Ruby also learned that many residents had the similar _______，so she decided to do something about it.

Ruby started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world.At first she was _______ that people would ask for cars and other things that were beyond the ability of an 11-year-old girl. _______,they asked for chocolate bars,McDonald's fries and even just a prayer. Using their own money,the Chitseys granted(准予、允许) the________of about 100 people in three months.Then they started appealing for________.

Many people responded ________ so much that Amanda set up a Go Fund Me page,raising more than$250,000 in five months.With those ________,Ruby was able to help more people.

Ruby doesn't plan to ________ there.One of its new goals is to set up a public laptop in one nursing home in each state."I consider ________to be my hobby,"she says.

1.A.taking on B.bringing up C.think over D.dealing with

2.A.realize B.list C.consider D.predict

3.A.comfort B.approach C.support D.invite

4.A.keeping B.holding C.staring D.pointing

5.A.led B.driven C.put D.thrown

6.A.daily B.proper C.simple D.necessary

7.A.attitude B.complaint C.experience D.confusion

8.A.surprised B.concerned C.determined D.disappointed

9.A.Instead B.Anyhow C.Therefore D.However

10.A.plans B.interests C.wishes D.changes

11.A.donations B.ways C.tasks D.suggestions

12.A.thankfully B.enthusiastically C.differently D.intelligently

13.A.choices B.standards C.funds D.dreams

14.A.stop B.miss C.live D.pass

15.A.communication B.kindness C.generosity D.independence

    Being organized is an important skill for school and life. When you’re well organized, you can stay focused, instead of spending time hunting things down．

1.For schoolwork, it means having one notebook or place where you store all your assignment, so you know what you have to do and when. Keeping all your school work neat and in a specific place--these are the main parts of organization.

For home stuff, being organized means having a place to put your things and putting them back as you go.2.It means keeping your schoolbag, your shoes, and your clean underwear in the same places so you always know where to find them.

Planning is part of being organized, too. 3.Calendars, lists, and schedules can help you plan. You can buy or draw a calendar and keep it near your workplace. Making a schedule or “to-do” list for yourself is a good idea. Looking at your list helps you keep track of what you need to do.  4.Check off things when you’ve done them. Use your list to help you decide which thing is the most important to work on first.

5.But once you’re organized, it feels great. The less time you spend hunting around for things or panicking about homework, the more time you have for better things, like reading a good book or playing.

A.Planning means deciding what you will do and when you will do it.

B.First, you should get your schoolwork organized.

C.Add new things as you get assignments.

D.You will benefit a lot from a good habit.

E.What does it mean to be organized?

F.It takes some extra efforts to organize yourself and your stuff.

G.It means hanging your coat up instead of dropping it on the floor or throwing it on a chair.

    Creativity is the ability to generate novel,useful ideas and innovation is the successful application of those ideas.With this in mind,it is easy to think that technology has made us more creative:the digital revolution(改革）has clearly produced a large number of innovative products and services.

However,it would be naive(幼稚的）to imply that these activities are truly indicative of creativity,even if quantity does eventually lead to quality.For instance,the probability of taking a great photograph does increase when there are millions of Instagram pictures taken every day,and when 500 million tweets are generated(严生）daily,it is highly probable that one or two will be funny.

Yet,much of the content people generate is unimportant and unoriginal.Before the Internet it would have stayed in the minds of their authors,but our thoughts can now be broadcasted to the. world as if they were worthy creations.The only thing that appears to have increased,rather greatly,is people's self-perceived(自认为的）creativity.From the use of emoji(表情符号）instead of words,to the use of pre-determined functions to express our views-liking,sharing and disliking,these new forms human interaction promote efficient-but lazy-behaviors so that we can devote more time to consuming more content.

Although user-generated content has been growing rapidly in the past decade,much of it is noise and the result is that valuable and trustworthy information is now harder to find.In an age of information glut(过剩），everything is freely available but knowledge is hard to gain.This paradox highlights the importance of the"less is more"philosophy of life.

Curiosity evolved to make sense of the world and help us master our environments.Our ancestors must have benefited from taking on as much information from their surroundings as they could paying attention to everything and turning into the learning machine.Yet in an age of information glut,the curious mind is forced to ignore as much of the available data as it can,in order to consume only what is valuable.

1.Why are the examples of great pictures and funny tweets mentioned in Paragraph 2?

A.To show quantity will lead to quality.

B.To explain creativity is something impressive.

C.To show technology hasn't made us more creative.

D.To explain innovative products come from creativity.

2.What does the author think of the new forms of human interaction?

A.They are worthy creations.

B.They kill people's creativity actually.

C.They prevent effective communication.

D.They help people consume more useful content.

3.Which of the following explains the underlined part"This paradox"in the last but one paragraph?

A.There' re more resources for knowledge but few people are willing to use them.

B.Too much information has generated material wealth but not spiritual wealth.

C.We live in an age of information explosion but we find it difficult to get knowledge.

D.Many people stick to the"less is more"philosophy with large amounts of information at hand.

4.Which of the following statements about user-generated content does the author most probably agree with?

A.Much of it is original information about the real world:

B.It is the fruit of our ancestors' mastering our environments..

C.It gives the public quick and easy access to the required information.

D.It presents us with the challenge of telling valuable information from worthless content.

    People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds.It's possible that being full of vim and vigor helps the body fight illnesses,say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University(CMC)in Pittsburgh.

＂We need to take more seriously the possibility that a positive emotional style is a major player in disease risk,"says psychologist Sheldon Cohen,the study's lead researcher.

In a previous study,Cohen and his colleagues found that people who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles,coughs and other cold symptoms.People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to mention symptoms to their doctors,even when medical tests detected those symptoms.

Those findings were interesting,but they didn't prove that a person's attitude affects whether he or she gets sick.Instead,it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is what matters.

Evidence suggests,for instance,that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic,with high self-esteem and a sense of control over life.This would mean that who we are,not how we feel,ultimately decides our chances of catching colds.

To figure out which mattered more,personality or emotions,the researchers interviewed 193 healthy adults.The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. They told the researchers about the positive and negative feelings they had experienced that day.

The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected.Their symptoms,however,differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous fortnight.

Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus,for example, 28 percent developed coughs and stuffy noses.On the other hand,those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less positive.Scientists argue about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger effect on how healthy we are.For now,it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!

1.What is the text mainly about?

A.How to get rid of colds.

B.Attitude determines life.

C.Smiles turn away colds.

D.Different opinions about colds.

2.The phrase"full of vim and vigor"underlined in Paragraph 1 probably means"

A.ignorant B.well-informed

C.energetic D.passive

3.According to the finding,a leading factor of catching colds should be one's.

A.health B.personality

C.quality D.mood

4.By saying the last paragraph,the writer intends to suggest

A.the saying-every coin has two sides

B.positive emotions are as good as negative emotions

C.it is not necessarily good for you if you always look at problems positively

D.it will be good for your health to always keep up an optimistic state of mind

    Teens are now less likely to do part time jobs,drink alcohol or go out without their parents than their counterpart 10 or 20 years ago.This generation of teens is delaying the responsibilities and pleasures of adulthood.Some people think that today's teens are more virtuous(品行端正的） and responsible.Others have suggested that today's teens aren't working because they are simply lazy.

To figure out what's really going on,we should look at these trends with"life history theory" taken into consideration.A"fast life method"was the more common parenting approach in the mid-20th century,when fewer labor-saving devices were available and the average woman had four children.The parents needed to focus on day to day survival.As a result,kids needed to care for themselves sooner.A"slow life method"on the other hand is more common in times and places where families have fewer children and spend more time on each child's growth and development.When the average family has two children,preparing for college can begin as early as primary schools.The two methods are adaptations to a particular cultural background,so each isn't naturally"good"or"bad".

Delaying exposure to alcohol,then,could make young adults less prepared to deal with drinking in college.One study found teens who rapidly increased there binge-drinking(酗酒） were more at risk of alcohol dependence than those who learned to drink over a longer period of time.The same might be true of teens who don't work,drive or go out much in high school. College administrators describe students who can't do anything without calling their parents. Employers worry that more young employees lack the ability to work independently.

However,the"slow-life method"is also likely beneficial as teens are spending more time developing socially and emotionally before they drive,drink alcohol and work for pay.The key is to make sure that teens eventually get the opportunity to develop the skills they will need as adults: independence,along with social and decision making skills.For parents,this might mean pushing their teenagers out of the house more.

1.According to the text,teens in the past were more____.

A.reliable B.outgoing

C.intelligent D.independent

2.What plays a vital role in the trend of teens growing up more slowly?

A.Social standard

B.Cultural changes

C.Educational development.

D.Methods of education

3.What does the author advise parents to do?

A.Spend less time in accompanying their children.

B..Force their children to leave home at an early age.

C.Encourage their children to take part in social activities.

D.Help their children to get to adulthood as soon as possible.

4.Which of the following can be the best tile for the text?

A.How teens develop skills they need in future

B.Teens take no responsibility for what they do

C.Why today's teens aren't in any hurry to grow up

D.Nowadays teens can't make decisions by themselves

假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim最近开始学习中文，感觉有些难，来信希望你能给他一些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：

1.中文难学的原因；

2.你的建议及理由；

3.你的祝愿。

注意：

1.词数不少于50。

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数

Dear Jim,

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li hua

翻译句子

1.为了保持专注，你需要谨记你为什么学英语。

2.专家提倡每个人都发挥作用。（advocate）

3.在慎重考虑之后我们给了杨明一个警告。（强调句）

4.他们一搬进来噪音就开始了，因此他们很少能够整晚睡觉！（倒装句）

5.如果美国运动员Marion Jones没有使用兴奋剂，那她还有可能参加奥运会吗？（混合虚拟语气）

    When you sleep, do you ever realize that you are dreaming? If yes, then you have had a lucid dream (清醒梦). 1. Only some people are able to have them. Now, scientists have found ways to help more people to have lucid dreams, Live Science reported.

Denholm Aspy from the University of Adelaide in Australia found that certain skills are key to helping people have lucid dreams.

First, people can train themselves to figure out whether they are dreaming or not. For example, someone may look at a clock, look away, and then look back. 2. Then, they might dream about this trick while sleeping. But in their dreams, the time on the clock may change very quickly. So people know they are dreaming.

Another trick is to wake up after five hours of sleep. 3. During this time, repeat the words, “The next time I’m dreaming, I’ll remember that I’m dreaming.” Then, go to bed again to enter rapid eye movement (REM，快速眼球运动) sleep. In REM sleep, people are more likely to be aware of their dreams.

Scientists found that those who used these tricks had a 17 percent success rate at having lucid dreams. 4.

In a lucid dream, people might study a hobby and then become better at it in real life, according to Aspy. For example, you might learn to play the piano in a lucid dream. 5.

A.Then, stay awake for a while.

B.The time should stay the same.

C.This was far higher than if they did nothing.

D.People learn new skills faster in a lucid dream.

E.It is hard for most people to have a lucid dream.

F.Then, your real-life piano skills might improve.

G.Some people will need more time to fall asleep and have a dream.

    By now, we are all aware that social media has had a tremendous influence on our culture, in business, on the world-at-large. Social media websites revolutionized the way people communicate and socialize on the Web. However, aside from seeing your friends’ new baby on Facebook, or reading about Justin Bieber’s latest conflict with the law on Twitter, what are some of the real influences?

Social networks offer the opportunity for people to re-connect with their old friends and acquaintances, make new friends, share ideas and pictures, and many other activities. Users can keep pace with the latest global and local developments, and participate in campaigns and activities of their choice. Professionals use social media sites like LinkedIn to enhance their career and business development. Students can work together with their peers to improve their academic and communication skills.

Unfortunately, there are a few downsides too to social networking. If you are not careful, immoral people can target you for cyber bullying and disturbance on social sites. School children, young girls, and women can fall victim to online attacks which can create tension and suffering. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, do not take it lying down, but try to take appropriate legal action against the attacker.

Many companies have blocked social networks as addicted employees can distract themselves on such sites, instead of focusing on work. In fact, studies show that British companies have lost billions of dollars per year in productivity because of social media addiction among employees.

Also, what you carelessly post on the Net can come back to trouble you. Revealing(泄露) personal information on social sites can make users vulnerable(易受伤害的)to crimes like identity theft, stalking, etc. Many companies perform a background check on the Web before hiring an employee. If a potential employee has posted something embarrassing on social media, it can greatly affect their chances of getting the job. The same holds true for our relationships too, as our loved ones and friends may get to know if we post something undesirable on social networks.

Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as each coin has two sides. It is up to each user to use social sites wisely to enhance their professional and social life, and exercise caution to ensure they do not fall victim to online dangers.

1.Paragraph 2 mainly shows that social networks _________.

A.help students finish their homework

B.offer professionals good chances

C.benefit users in various ways

D.guide users to make right choices users to make right choices

2.Faced with problems caused by social media, some companies ________.

A.forbid the use of social networks during work time

B.avoid posting embarrassing information

C.refuse to hire potential addicted employees

D.take legal action against the attackers

3.The main purpose of this passage is to _________.

A.share experiences in using social media

B.remind people to wisely use social media

C.provide some advice on social problems

D.raise public awareness of social problems

4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

A. B.

C. D.

Benefits of green spaces

We all know the value of taking a walk in the fresh spring weather. It allows your mind to relax and forget about the problems in everyday life. Studies have commonly shown the benefits of being around green spaces, including gardens, urban parks and forests.

But did you know that being in contact with these natural surroundings during childhood could positively impact your mental health as an adult?

A study by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) surveyed 3,600 people from all over Europe, including Spain, the Netherlands, Lithuania and the UK.

The all-adult study gave participants a questionnaire on how frequently they used natural spaces during childhood — for example, playing in a garden, riding a bike at the park or hiking in a forest. They were also asked about the importance they put on using such places.

Volunteers were then given a psychological test, which included a variety of questionnaires and problem-solving activities, to analyze their nervousness and feelings of depression (抑郁) within a four-week period.

The results consistently showed that the people who were more exposed to natural spaces had higher mental health scores compared to those with lower childhood exposure — as did those who attached higher importance to using green spaces.

The study’s coordinator (协调员), Wilma Zijlema, wrote that the results “show the importance of childhood exposure to natural spaces for the development of a nature-appreciating attitude and a healthy psychological state in adulthood”. She also stressed the importance of “recognizing the implications (含义) of growing up in environments with limited opportunities for exposure to nature”.

According to the study, 73 percent of Europe’s population only has limited access to natural spaces. Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, director of ISGlobal’s Urban Planning, said that “Many children in Europe lead an indoor lifestyle … so we call on policymakers to improve the availability (可得性) of natural spaces for children.”

While this study was based in Europe, a lack of green space can affect anyone, anywhere. So remember to make time to immerse yourself in nature, as your mental health is just as important as the physical one.

1.What was the purpose of the ISGlobal’s walking study?

A.To examine the advantages of taking a walk.

B.To understand the mental health problems of children.

C.To see how childhood experiences shape adult life.

D.To study the influence of childhood exposure to natural spaces.

2.What do we know about the study?

A.The participants included both children and adults.

B.The participants were from all over the world.

C.It focused on the participants’ physical health state.

D.It consisted of a questionnaire and a psychological test.

3.What do Paragraphs 7-8 mainly talk about?

A.The value of the study. B.The results of the study.

C.The method of the study. D.The process of the study.

4.What does the underlined word “immerse” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Protect against something. B.Understand something.

C.Lose oneself in something. D.Imagine doing something.

    When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-ravaged (火灾肆虐的) Australia, she decided to do something about it.

She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations asked for hand-sewn (手缝的) and knitted pouches (袋子) and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires.

This idea attracted Ratelle, but there was just one problem.

“I’d never sewn in my life,” said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista, US. “Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew.”

Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to For Australian Wildlife Needing Aid (FAWNA), one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from burns.

A week later, she received a photo from FAWNA with a young joey (幼兽) in one of her larger pouches. “It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” said Ratelle, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.

“I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated (蹂躏) by natural disasters,” she said.

According to the World Wildlife Fund, it estimated that 1.2 billion animals have died, as a result of the bushfires, which have burned more than 26 million acres in Australia.

Several craft guild (手工业行会) websites around the world  have mobilized (动员) for Australian relief by making the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12 and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newberry, “it was a big push that made we crafters, sewers to realize there’s something more we can do than just make things for ourselves,” she said.

1.What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?

A.What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew.

B.What is needed to save koalas and other species.

C.The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia.

D.Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia.

2.How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA according to the text?

A.Proud. B.Calm.

C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.

3.The statistics (统计数字) in Paragraph 8 are used to show ______.

A.how frequent the bushfires are in Australia

B.how harmful the bushfires are in Australia

C.the great varieties of wild animals in Australia

D.the difficulties facing relief organizations in Australia

4.What do Newberry’s words in the last paragraph suggest?

A.People should stay united through difficult times.

B.Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia.

C.It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work.

D.Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals.

Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell

The diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:

Academic Distribution Requirements

The College’s academic distribution requirements will include:

· effective writing

· foreign language beyond the introductory level

.· imaginative and critical thinking

To choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrollment information and course details.

The Class Roster is updated frequently.

To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornell’s full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, policies and procedures.

If you need help, call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.

A New Curriculum

On October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty（ 教员） approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the college’s commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students who have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.

Innovative Learning

If you’re one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative（ 创新的） classroom project that uses active learning,a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.

Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty member’s research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washington D   C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.

1.If you want to plan your courses over the long run, you can use the ______.

A.Class Roster B.Courses of Study

C.Course Designer D.Career Center

2.For students involved in an innovative classroom project, they ______.

A.may study a new model

B.are on the quickest way to be experts

C.will get more freedom during research project

D.have advantages of studying outside the classroom

3.The article is probably taken from ______.

A.a travel magazine B.a science report

C.a college website D.an academic journal

    Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning and I knew who was _______ as I reached for the telephone. I was a new substitute teacher (代课教师) trying to earn enough money to _______ my family. Each morning, I _______ for a call that would take me to a different classroom. The last three classes had all been determined to _______ me and see just how much bad behavior they could get away with (逃脱惩罚). I had responded (应对) by being _______ with the students. I didn't really _______ to go to work that morning, especially since it was my birthday.

Still, I answered the phone and _______ the job. My family needed the money and I couldn't _______ to be picky (挑剔的). As I was driving to work, I _______ to try harder to be the best teacher that I could be.

As the class started, the students ________ tried to see what they could get away with. This time, though, I was ________ but fair with them. I did my best to make my lessons ________. I shared smiles, praised their efforts, and encouraged them to work hard.

The results were ________. My unruly (难以驾驭的) classroom soon ________. Students were learning and laughing, and I ________ felt like I was doing my job right. I went home feeling ________ in my heart and enjoyed the rest of my birthday with my family.

I remembered something that I once read: “Every day is a new opportunity to ________ again. Every day is your birthday.” Every day is a ________ for us to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place. Don't ________ a single day. Just try to be the best you can be. Never stop ________.

1.A.bothering B.calling C.knocking D.playing

2.A.pay B.impress C.support D.provide

3.A.waited B.asked C.looked D.headed

4.A.please B.test C.persuade D.surprise

5.A.patient B.honest C.satisfied D.angry

6.A.want B.need C.choose D.hesitate

7.A.refused B.received C.took D.completed

8.A.manage B.pretend C.expect D.afford

9.A.agreed B.decided C.appeared D.started

10.A.in time B.at last C.at once D.once again

11.A.strict B.worried C.mad D.disappointed

12.A.clear B.useful C.fun D.difficult

13.A.strange B.funny C.important D.amazing

14.A.changed B.divided C.returned D.disappeared

15.A.again B.even C.finally D.nearly

16.A.confused B.happy C.tired D.upset

17.A.check B.settle C.discover D.begin

18.A.chance B.choice C.risk D.goal

19.A.spend B.forget C.waste D.save

20.A.learning B.trying C.asking D.thinking

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The Dragon Boat Festival, also called the Duan Wu Festival, 1. (celebrate) in the 2. (five) month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by 3. (eat) zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice (糯米) wrapped to form a pyramid using bamboo or reed leaves, and racing dragon boats. To hold the dragon-boat races is in memory of Qu Yuan, one of the greatest 4. (poet) in China.

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

They suggest making small changes like taking public transport, recycling, using low-flow shower heads, and buying light bulbs that use less energy. Even simple things like using 1. (recycle) paper or switching off the lights when you leave a room can help. 2. we add up all these small changes made by everyone worldwide, they won’t be such small changes. They could be the changes that save our future. After all, there is no substitute 3. our earth.

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Since Bird Flu first appeared in 1997, it 1. (take) more than a hundred lives. Many people fear it could be the next 2. (globe) epidemic, especially as scientists who studied tissue from the bodies of people 3. died of the 1918 Spanish Flu proved that Bird Flu is a modern adaptation of the same virus.

假设你是李华，美国网友Peter将到中国旅游，请你帮忙了解你市Camellia Hotel的情况。请根据以下要点给Peter写一封回信：

地理位置与周边环境；服务与设施；价格与付款方式；预定方式（电话8618998710001或网络）。

Dear Peter,

How great it is to hear that you will come to China! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

For many young people, going to university is one of the most important  1. (stage) of their lives. It is the time when young people will move out of  2. (they) home to live with other people, often strangers. 3.(especial) in the U.S, people often travel very far  4.home to study. It is a time to be 5. (independence).

At university, you will  6. (teach) by lectures and professors who are leading figures in their study. The opportunity to learn from and to discuss with them is 7. drives some people to apply to university. Students are required to choose a major that they wish to study. Apart from the 8. (academy) benefit, life at university also can allow students 9.(develop) their interests in many fields.

Therefore，university is a place 10. you attain knowledge, develop your values and accept those who may be different.

As I sat motionless on the steps of the pool, watching everyone else swim back and forth, I realized that I had spent most of my life watching others enjoy themselves. It was then that I ____ a little girl staring at me with a look of confusion. I smiled at her, hoping to ______ the ice by talking to her. Unfortunately, my ______ failed and she just kept on staring. My ______ increased as a little boy swam up to me and said, “I feel sorry for you.”

After the ______ by chance, a thought struck me. I had to change ______ the world viewed me. Because it was children who stared at me the most, I decided to write a children’s book that taught them about ______ in a fun way. This is when KatGirl, a super hero in a ______ who helps children that are being bullied, came into my mind.

I quickly ______ inside my apartment and began creating the story. As I wrote each word, I could ______ my future as a world-famous author and public speaker. My excitement ______ like wildfire. Over the next two years, the story ______ many changes before it saw the world in the spring of 2011. My insistence ______ paid off.

One day I was invited to speak to the students at a neighboring school. I confidently wheeled into a classroom filled with students who ______ at me just like the little girl in the pool. “How do you feel when you see me?” I asked them. The kids bravely ______ , “ I feel sorry for you.”

I opened my book and started reading. Immediately I noticed the children’s stares turned to ____. “ How do you feel when you see me?” I asked again. Without ______ they replied, “ You are so cool! Does your ______ fly too?” I just smiled, “No, not yet, but maybe some day.” I knew in my heart that this was ______. The past two years had proven to me that with ______ anything is possible.

1.A. suggested    B. watched    C. noticed    D. appreciated

2.A. forget    B. break    C. remove    D. deliver

3.A. attempt    B. project    C. anger    D. advice

4.A. relief    B. confidence    C. encouragement    D. awkwardness

5.A. meeting    B. competition    C. argument    D. interview

6.A. what    B. when    C. why    D. how

7.A. potentials    B. disabilities    C. paintings    D. manners

8.A. wheelchair    B. pool    C. car    D. spaceship

9.A. walked    B. wheeled    C. rushed    D. raced

10.A. regard    B. realize    C. picture    D. consider

11.A. spread    B. folded    C. recovered    D. declined

12.A. went through    B. turned down    C. looked up    D. got around

13.A. generally    B. carefully    C. separately    D. eventually

14.A. called    B. glimpsed    C. laughed    D. stared

15.A. greeted    B. responded    C. agreed    D. continued

16.A. doubts    B. jokes    C. tears    D. smiles

17.A. discussion    B. hesitation    C. intention    D. imagination

18.A. body    B. dream    C. chair    D. book

19.A. impossible    B. strange    C. true    D. false

20.A. determination    B. generosity    C. popularity    D. harmony

    Many cosplay activities are being organized in China, making the subculture popular among some youths. Cosplay means costume play, in which participants wear costumes and fashion accessories (配饰) to represent a specific character.

What’s the reason why youths are interested in cosplay? 1. Cosplay participants often interact with each other to dress up as characters from animes (动漫), cartoons, comic books, films, TV programs and video games. Youths who love cosplay have their own sets of jokes, which “outsiders” rarely understand. 2.

Cosplayers are almost always young, most of them under 25, and as they grow older, they tend to give up the practice. 3. Instead, they should treat such youngsters as normal youths, but at the same time warn them never to cross the social and moral boundaries.

The cosplay subculture is a kind of performing arts. Cosplayers usually get the costumes in these ways. First, through some companies that make and sell packaged suits for cosplay. Second, through some individuals that make costumes and accessories. 4.

With capital flowing into the ACG (二次元) industry, more specific and mature business models help the industry develop further. 5. Since then the domestic animation and game industry has been developing healthily with a stronger sense of using legal products. China’s ACG industry is likely to see higher growth in 2019.

A. Based on a research, 2015 proved to be a turning point.

B. The cosplay industry is expected to witness more success.

C. Therefore, there is no need for parents to overreact to cosplay.

D. So regulators should strictly monitor such events to prevent improper behaviors.

E. And besides, by making them themselves.

F. That’s because it’s a way for youths to express virtual love.

G. Perhaps that’s why some people dislike them.

    For many, music is as important to the human experience as eating and breathing. We hear music everywhere—at home, the gym, parties and stores. But what kind of music do we prefer to listen to, and when and why do our musical preferences change?

The relationship between the change of seasons and musical preferences was the focus of a study led by psychologist Terry Pettijohn. He and his team based their research on a previous study that examined the relationship between popular music preferences and the Environmental Security Hypothesis(假设). The results showed that over time, when social and financial conditions were more risky, the songs of the year that were slower, longer, more comforting and serious were most popular. And during periods in which social and financial conditions were generally stable, the result was opposite.

Building on these findings, Pettijohn and his team wondered if the Hypothesis could also be applied to the change of seasons. For college students, the participants in this study, autumn begins at the start of the school year. Gone are the carefree days of summer, when school is out. Winter means colder temperatures, shorter days, and, in many places in the country, snow. Spring, however, is a different story. It represents a fresh start and when clocks spring forward, we gain an extra hour of daylight. As students walk into summer, they’re absorbed in the sunshine and social activities—and enjoy a break from school.

But do changing seasonal conditions influence musical preferences? To answer this question, the researchers designed two studies. What did they find? Both groups of college students favored more serious music during the seasons of fall and winter, and more active and energetic music during the spring and summer seasons. And these findings, Pettijohn argues, have practical significances.

1.The purpose of the question raised in Paragraph 1 is to ________.

A.present a different opinion on music

B.prove where to listen to music matters

C.stress the importance of music to humans

D.introduce the topic on musical preferences

2.What influences a person’s choice of music types according to the previous study?

A.Whether one has enough free time.

B.Whether one lives in a stable situation.

C.Whether one is exposed to sunlight.

D.Whether one chooses to change his life.

3.How does Pettijohn feel about the findings of his studies?

A.It’s unexpected. B.It’s humorous.

C.It’s discouraging. D.It’s significant.