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Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero? Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristic that instruct and inspire people. A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond mere fame. Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high-voltage（电压） transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people. The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant? Heroes are catalysts（催化剂） for change. They have a vision from the mountain top. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr, we might still have segregated（隔离的） buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large-scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain and the committee meetings endless. 1.Although heroes may come from different cultures, they . A.generally possess certain inspiring characteristics B.probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people C.are often influenced by previous generations D.all unknowingly attract a large number of fans 2.According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that . A.they have a vision from the mountaintop B.they have warm feelings and emotions C.they can serve as empowering examples of noble principles D.they can make all people feel stronger and more confident 3.Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because . A.they are popular only among certain groups of people B.their performances do not improve their fans morally C.their primary concern is their own financial interests D.they are not clear about the principles they should follow 4.Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who . A.are good at demonstrating their charming characters B.can move the masses with the skill and the charm C.are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships D.can provide an answer to the problems of their people 5.The author concludes that historical changes would . A.be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities B.not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices C.take place if there were heroes to lead the people D.produce leaders with attractive personalities
The Old Man and the Sea is the story of an epic struggle between an old, seasoned fisherman and the greatest catch of his life. For eighty-four days. Santiago, an aged Cuban fisherman, has set out to sea and returned ____ handed. So conspicuously unlucky is he that the parents of his young, devoted apprentice（徒弟） and friend, Manolin, have ____ the boy to leave the old man in order to fish in a more prosperous boat. ____, the boy continues to care for the old man upon his return each night. He helps the old man haul his gear to his ramshackle hut（破旧不堪的陋室）, secures food for him, and discusses the latest developments in American baseball, especially the trials of the old man’s hero, Joe DiMaggio. Santiago is ____ that his unproductive streak of failure will soon come to an end, and he ____ to sail out farther than usual the following day.
On the eighty-fifth day of his unlucky streak, Santiago does as promised, sailing his skiff（小艇） far beyond the island’s shallow coastal waters and ____ into the Gulf Stream. He prepares his lines and drops them. At noon, a big fish, which he knows is a marlin（青枪鱼）, takes the bait（鱼饵） that Santiago has placed one hundred fathoms deep in the waters. The old man expertly hooks the fish, but he cannot pull it in. Instead, the fish begins to pull to boat. Unable to tie the line ____ to the boat for fear the fish would snap a taut line, the old man bears the strain of the line with his shoulders, back, and hands, ready to give slack should the marlin make a run. The fish ____ the boat all through the day, through the night, through another day, and through another night. The entire time, Santiago endured ____ pain from the fishing line. Whenever the fish lunges, leaps, or makes a dash for ____, the cord（绳） cuts Santiago badly. Although wounded and weary, the old man feels a deep empathy and admiration, for the marlin, his brother in suffering, strength, and determination. As Santiago sails on with the fish, the marlin’s blood leaves a trail in the water and attracts sharks. The first to attack is a great make shark, which Santiago manages to kill with the harpoon（鱼叉）. In the ____, the old man loses the harpoon and lengths of valuable rope, which leaves him vulnerable to other shark attacks. Although he kills several sharks, more and more appear. They devour（吞噬） the marlin’s precious meat, leaving only skeleton, head, and tail, Santiago punished himself for going “out too far,” and for sacrificing his great and worthy ____. The next morning, a crowd of ____ fishermen gathers around the skeletal carcass of the fish, which is still lashed（紧系） to the boat. Knowing nothing of the old man’s struggle, tourists at a nearby café observe the ____ of the giant marlin and mistake it for a shark. Manolin, who has been worried over the old man’s absence, is moved to tears when he finds Santiago safe in his bed. The boy fetches the old man some coffee and the daily papers with the baseball scores, and watches him sleep. When the old man wakes, the two agree to fish as ____ once more. The old man returns to sleep and dreams his usual dream of lions at play on the beaches of Africa. 1.A.second B.single C.empty D.first 2.A.made B.encouraged C.dissuaded D.forced 3.A.Nevertheless B.Therefore C.Furthermore D.Besides 4.A.confident B.depressed C.pessimistic D.proud 5.A.determines B.fails C.considers D.favors 6.A.venturing B.diving C.drowning D.securing 7.A.slow B.fast C.quick D.loose 8.A.drives B.steers C.pushes D.pulls 9.A.sustainable B.temporary C.constant D.instant 10.A.attempt B.control C.freedom D.damage 11.A.journey B.shock C.quarrel D.struggle 12.A.opponent B.master C.acquaintance D.hero 13.A.disappointed B.amazed C.terrified D.accomplished 14.A.remains B.meats C.ruins D.rests 15.A.seniors B.companies C.coaches D.partners
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over-dried Earth The south-west of the United States, together with some parts of Mexico across the Rio Grande, is one of the driest parts of the North American continent. But, over the past two decades, even that expected dryness 1. (take) to the limit. According to Park Williams, who works at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, the current lack of rainfall in the area constitutes a megadrought of a severity 2.(see) on only four other occasions in the past 1,200 years.
Dr Williams studies the annual growth rings of 1,586 ancient trees, in order to reconstruct soil-moisture patterns going back to 800 A.D. During warm, wet years trees grow fast, producing wide rings. During cold, dry 3. they grow more slowly, producing narrow rings. During a drought, a tree 4. not grow much at all. 5.they describe in this week’s Science, the team identified dozens of droughts over the centuries in question. But four stood out. They then took the average soil-moisture value for the current drought and compared it with sequential（连续的） 19-year averages with the previous four, one of them 6.(last) nearly a century. This showed that the region is already drier than it was during the first three of the previous megadroughts, and is equivalent to the event of 1575-1603. In a world 7. human actions are driving temperatures up, Dr Parker and his colleagues wondered how much people are 8.(blame) for this state of affairs. To estimate that, they turned to climate modelling. Climate models are able to re-run the past with and 9. the warming effects of human activity, offering a way to compare what actually happened with what might have done. In their simulated world in which anthropogenic（人类起源的） emissions had not increased the greenhouse-gas effect, the team found that a drought did indeed still influence the western reaches of North America during the first two decades of the 21st century. But this imaginary dry spell was considerably 10.(severe) than the real one-ranking 11th rather than 2nd in the period under study (see chart).
Out to the finishing line…! And here ! A.he dashes… comes our champion and hero B.dashes he… our champion and hero come C.he dashes… come our champion and hero D.dashes he… comes our champion and hero
No sooner a shelter it began to pour. A.we found… than B.had we found… when C.had we found… than D.we found… when
—I learned that Francis Chichester was knighted by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. —Yes, so and so . A.he was… was Sir Francis Drake B.was he… Sir Francis Drake was C.he did… the same with Sir Francis Drake D.he was… Sir Francis Drake was the same
Only when he conquered his inner fear a newfound sense of accomplishment and self-confidence. A.did he gain B.he had gained C.he gained D.has he gained
Not until Unit One of College English on learning strategies the importance of distinguishing active vocabulary from passive ones in vocabulary accumulation. A.did he learn… he realized B.he learned… did he realize C.had he learned… did he realize D.he learned… didn’t he realize
The devoted and determined single mother brought up her five children single-handed. Which of the following is Wrong? A.without others’ assistance B.independent of other’s help C.completely of her own D.all by herself
Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower. A.insistence B.endurance C.preservation D.bravery
The stormy and treacherous weather difficulty and uncertainty in the search for the missing passengers. A.added to B.added up to C.added up D.added
When challenges and setbacks, he remains , brave and firm. A.faced with… hesitant B.facing… resolute C.in face of… indecisive D.facing with… determined
My friends thought “I had lost my mind”, which means they thought . A.I was very much depressed B.I had lost my heart C.I was in severe lack of confidence D.I had been mad and crazy
With much work that remains to be completed, the manager found their project . A.more than satisfying B.not at all satisfied C.far from satisfactory D.with more satisfaction than not
Although the boss appears to wear a smile most of the time, his smile is by no means sincere or genuine, instead, it could be somewhat and hostile at times. A.hospitable B.friendly C.tough D.sinister
After around Cape Horn, Chichester sent the message of victory to London. A.succeeding in sailing B.successfully sailed C.succeeded in sailing D.being successfully sailed
So that the boat almost . A.tough the sea became… turned down B.rough did the sea become… turned over C.rough the sea became… turned over D.tough did the sea become… turned down
The parents attempted to marrying the boy, though motivated but without a handsome pay, a decent car or a respectable apartment. A.encourage their daughter from B.discourage their daughter into C.dissuade their daughter into D.persuade their daughter out of
Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company. A.despite… which B.regardless… that C.in spite of… that D.against… in which
Chichester covered anyone had previously sailed alone. A.more than twice the distance B.more than twice longer C.over twice longer the distance as D.as over twice long as
The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster. A.members B.crew C.partners D.team
The winners of China’s Got Talent are planning to a talent-show around the world next month. A.carry on… voyage B.carry out… tour C.complete… trip D.fulfill… journey
Rafael Nadal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents. A.persuasion B.determination C.fascination D.accumulation
Directions: Write a English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是李明，你在读高一的表弟张丰依旧在进行居家学习。他在学习时容易分心，总是忍不住打网络游戏或看网络小说，于是发电子邮件向你求助，请你结合自己的经验回复他一封电子邮件，谈谈你是如何集中精力开展居家学习(homeschool yourself during the COVID-19 outbreak)的。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.她感觉太无聊了，于是把这本杂志从头到尾看了一遍。 (so… that) _________________ 2.没有良好的信用记录，你将无法从银行获取贷款。(qualify) _________________ 3.每周六早晨，我们都雷打不动地去郊区远足，以增强体质,磨练意志。(a rule) _________________ 4.全国上下团结一心，科学家们夜以继日地研制药品，相信战胜灾难的日子近在咫尺。 (before) _________________
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Now, it may seem strange to learn from someone who writes about pretty dresses every day, but you don’t have to be pretty and you don’t have to spare no effort to be pretty just to please others.You don’t have to feel bothered for your plain looking that makes you unnoticed. After all, every one of us, whether charming or not, is a drop in the ocean and you don’t owe prettiness to anyone. Admittedly, I’m not saying that you shouldn’t be pretty if you want to. Being pretty is pleasant, fun, refreshing and satisfying, making people feel delighted and smile at you unconsciously. But in terms of importance, prettiness stands several steps down from happiness, is way below health, and if done as an obligation, can be far away from independence. But what does you-don’t-have-to-be-pretty mean in everyday terms? It means you don’t have to blame your parents for not giving you the world-desired appearance and that you don’t have to apologize for wearing things that are held to be “unflattering” or “unfashionable”—especially if, in fact, they make you happy on some level deeper than just being pretty does. As long as you are clean, covered enough, and have bandaged any open wounds，you can wear any color or style you please, holding your heads high，if it makes you happy. Prettiness, it’s sad to say, can have a shelf life. It’s so tied up with youth that, at some point (if you’re lucky), you’re going to have to graduate from prettiness, sometimes before you know it. But you won’t even get there if you think you have to follow all the signs that say “this way to prettiness”. You get there by travelling the route you find most interesting. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. A period of important agricultural development began in the early 1700s in Great Britain and the Low Countries(Belgium, Luxembourg. and the Netherlands, which lie below sea level). 1. One of the most important of these developments was an improved horse-drawn seed drill invented by Jethro Tull in England. Until that time，farmers sowed seeds by hand. Tull’s drill made rows of holes for the seeds. By the end of the 18th century, seed drilling was widely practiced in Europe. Many other machines were developed in the United States. 2. At about the same time，John and Hiram Pitts introduced a horse-powered thresher (脱粒机) that shortened the process of separating grain and seed from straw. John Deere’s steel plow (犁), introduced in 1837, made it possible to work the tough soil with much less horsepower. Along with new machines，there were several important advances in selective farming. By selectively breeding animals (breeding those with desirable traits), farmers increased the size and productivity of their livestock. Plants could also be selectively bred for certain qualities. In 1866, Gregor Mendel’s studies in heredity (遗传) were published in Austria. 3. His work paved the way for improving crops through genetics. New crop planting methods also evolved during this time. Many of these were adopted over the next century or so throughout Europe. For example，the Norfolk four-field system, developed in England，proved quite successful. It involved the yearly rotation (轮作) of several crops, including wheat, turnips, barley, clover, and ryegrass. 4. Moreover, this method enabled farmers to grow enough to sell some of their harvest without having to leave any land unplanted. Not all parts of the world benefited from these developments instantly. However，farmers in other parts such as Australia and Africa continued to use old ways of agriculture for a long time. A.This could add desired nutrients to the soil thanks to the rich variety of crops. B.Over centuries, the growth of agriculture contributed to the rise of civilizations. C.In experiments with pea plants, he learned how traits were passed from one generation to another. D.In the 1830s Cyrus McCormick’s harvesting machine helped modernize the grain-cutting process. E.This helped to produce extra food to trade for other goods and allowed people to work at other tasks. F.New agricultural inventions dramatically increased food production in Europe and European colonies.
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing the order of the words and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs (助动词) , we are able to communicate variations in meaning. We can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform other word tricks to convey delicate differences in meaning. Besides，grammar is universal and plays a part in every language， no matter how widespread it is. So the question which has confused many linguists is: who created grammar? At first, this question would appear impossible to answer. To find out how grammar is created，someone needs to be present at the time of a language’s creation, documenting its emergence. Some linguists are able to trace modern complex languages back to earlier languages, but to know the forming of complex languages, the researcher needs to observe how languages are started from scratch. Amazingly, however, this is possible. Some recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. At that time，slaves from different nations were forced to work together. Since they could not learn each other’s languages. they developed a pidgin. Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowners. Little grammar is found in them，and in many cases it is difficult or a listener to infer when an event happened, and who did what to whom. Speakers need to use circumlocution (迁回曲折的说法) in order to make themselves understood. Interestingly，however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it. Slave children did not simply copy words from their elders, they adapted them to create a language. It included new word orders and grammatical markers. Complex grammar systems merging from pidgins are termed creoles, which are invented by children. Some linguists believe that many of the world’s most established languages were creoles at first. The -ed ending in English past tense may have evolved from “did”,”It ended”, which was first used by kids, may once have been “It end-did”. Therefore. it would appear that even the most widespread languages were partly created by children. Children appear to have been born with grammatical machinery in their brains. which can serve to create logical, complex structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy. 1.What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us? A.Language learners know that grammar is of complexity. B.One cal do a lot with his good command of grammar. C.Grammar is both complex and universal in languages. D.Linguists face a question in creating confusing grammars 2.The underlined expression “from scratch” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________ A.from the very beginning B.in ancient cultures C.by copying something else D.by using written information 3.What can be inferred about the slaves’ pidgin language? A.It contained a complex grammar system. B.It was first created by the slaves’ landowners. C.It was based on a lot of different languages. D.It was difficult to understand, even among slaves. 4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A.The English past tense system is inaccurate. B.English was probably once a kind of creole. C.Linguists have proven that English was created by children. D.Children use English past tenses differently from adults.
Here’s the bad news: Men are hurting, and, according to many researchers, masculinity (男子气) is what is hurting them and making it hard for them to maintain friendships. Society tells men to hide their feelings and expects them to be aggressive, so many men lose their friendship when growing up. The good news is that those skills can be recovered! There are a lot of experts who can help, and here’s what they recommend: 1.Accept your own desire and normalize it for the people in your life. Way, an expert, recommends sharing articles about masculinity and friendship so that you can start these conversations! Concentrate on them and don’t forget you have the entire Internet at your fingertips, friend! 2. Model vulnerability. Say the thing that frightens or worries you, like “I’m afraid nobody will go to my party,”or”I miss my grandma every day.” Doing so will make it easier for other people to follow your lead. We are all on the elevator to a society where emotional availability is normalized, and I want you to press “door open”. 3. Ask more questions. People sometimes feel they might be prying (爱打听的) if they ask someone about themselves—especially when their friend is sharing something tough. But if you get curious in moments of vulnerability you will open the door to all kinds of growth in your relationship. Take the opportunity to really see your friend and show them they matter by following up. 4. Get close with the children in your life. Way’s research says that the top priority that helps children (especially boys) grow up to have enriching friendships is to be close with an adult relative who was not afraid to express emotions. So， if you are a father，stepfather，or thinking about becoming one， or if you have nieces or nephews, take the opportunity to be close to them and help them grow up to be good friends, too. 1.What is the common concept of being a man? A.To have no friends at all. B.To maintain friendships. C.Not to show true feelings. D.Not to hurt others aggressively. 2.Which is NOT recommended according to the passage? A.A man should show his vulnerability in front of his fellows. B.A man should accept and normalize people’s desire in his life. C.A man should take the opportunity to be close to child relatives. D.A man should show his friends they matter by asking questions. 3.What might be the best title of the passage? A.Ways to Help Men Have Friendship. B.How to Express True Feelings. C.Ways to Become a True Man. D.How to Be Brave to Have Friends.
Have you ever heard of Nollywood? Nollywood is the name of the Nigerian (尼日利亚的) film industry. Nigeria is one of the largest film industries in the world based on the quantity of films produced, placing them right below India’s Bollywood and above USA’s Hollwood! Born in around 1992. Nollywood is the youngest compared with the other two “woods”, and uses new forms of financing and production. Now it’s in adulthood. and bigger productions have become more regular. However, this was not always the case. Although movie theaters were rare in Nigeria during earlier period, original stories were not. Despite lack of funds and experience, self-made directors began to use commercial video cameras to shoot their movies and sold them for home viewing. Even though this resulted in movies with low production value, the original stories instantly made them a hit. Today, the film industry is the largest employer after agriculture and makes up 5% of Nigeria’s GDP. Nigeria is a big player in the industry and it is constantly improving its craft, taking on new challenges. Nollywood is known mainly for its comedies and dramas, but we are increasingly seeing horror movies and musicals. Although sometimes heavily criticized for low production values. Nollywood continues to grow fans worldwide. Nigerian movies now make up 11% of Nigeria’s non-oil exports! The average movie is produced in 7-10 days on a budget between ￡7,000-12,000 (Hollywood’s average is around ￡60 million per movie with one year production time).This is changing, however, as more filmmakers are receiving proper training and are aiming to make films up to the international standard. 1.What is the advantage of Nollywood? A.Commercial support. B.Original stories. C.Dominant comedies. D.Fast production. 2.Which of the following statements about “woods” is NOT true according to the passage? A.Bollywood produces more films than the other two “woods”. B.Nollywood is known as the youngest among the three “woods”. C.Hollywood’ s budget for an average movie is much less than Nollywood’s. D.It takes much less time to produce a Nollywood film than a Hollywood one. 3.We can infer from the passage that _________. A.Nollywood’s contribution to Nigera’s GDP is second only to agriculture B.Nollywood makes fewer comedies and dramas than horror movies and musicals C.movies made by Nollywood occupy more than 11% of Nigeria’ s export industry D.more filmmakers in Nollywood are attempting to improve the quality of its films 4.The passage mainly talks about _______. A.films worth enjoying in Nigeria. B.major differences among the “woods”. C.promising future of Nollywood. D.features and changes of Nollywood.
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