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The Master Gardener Foundation

Aim

The Master Gardener Foundation provides free information to the public on environmentally safe gardening practices and water conservation. The information is research-based and encourages limited use of farm chemicals and fertilizers.

Donation Activities

The master gardeners here did much donation work. They donated over 35,000 volunteer hours, serving 40,000 adults and more than 5,200 children. They did this through about 35 plant clinics, 6 demonstration gardens, 4 youth gardens, as well as a classroom program and dozens of workshops. The Master Gardener Foundation provides roughly two-thirds of the financial support for all these valuable activities.

Washington State University currently provides the salary and benefits of the Master Gardener Program. The foundation funds office space and supplies, as well as a part-time program assistant.

The Master Gardener Program

Safe and green gardening and water use practices are vital to preserving our environment. The Master Gardener Program seeks to provide this kind of education and information to the citizens for free. It is a highly successful example of cooperation between a foundation and volunteers.

Waiting for Your Donations

The Master Gardener Foundation is a non-profit organization, and all donations are allowed by law and support the Master Gardener Program and activities.

Please consider a donation to the Master Gardener Foundation and help keep our environment green!

1.What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.Science research. B.Adopting children.

C.Donation work. D.Sparing volunteer hours.

2.What do we know about the Master Gardener Program?

A.It's very expensive.

B.It proves to be unsuccessful.

C.It provides education just in producing farm chemicals.

D.It's a bridge between the foundation and volunteers.

3.What is the main purpose of the text?

A.To encourage donations.

B.To describe volunteer work. '

C.To spread the agricultural knowledge.

D.To give some suggestions to gardeners.

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假定你是李华，给你开网店的美国朋友Jack写封信，请他代卖你爷爷制作的工艺品（工艺品自定）。要点如下：

1. 描述工艺品外形、材料等；

2. 介绍工艺品的特点；

3. 告知工艺品的价格。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

There was a time when I was addicted to online games. Because of that, my study was suffered a lot. Instead for scolding me, Mother gave me a book by Helen Keller and asked me to read it. Hardly have I finished a few pages when I was great attracted by Helen Keller. Despite her disability, she didn’t abandon hope and achieve a lot. This was her determination and courage that made her huge success.

When I finished reading the book, Mother had a talk with me. “You can also accomplish which Helen Keller did.” Mother’s words ring in my ear whenever I see the book, inspired me to face challenges in life.

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The past two weeks have been extremely painful, and 1. (everyone) heart is extremely strained with the outbreak of the COVID-19 in China.

Right now, some 1.4 billion Chinese 2. (spare) no effort in the fight against the outbreak. 3. (count) medical teams from all over China are in Hubei Province assisting in the fight, and saving lives 24/7.

Chinese citizens have devoted themselves to the 4.strict) measures of prevention and control. We have our hearts 5. (set) on one goal — the race against time and fight against the virus. Every day, we witness heroic deeds from ordinary individuals, which brings tears to my eyes.

About 60 medical teams 6. (consist) of 11,000 doctors and medical staff have been sent off from other provinces to Hubei.

Many medical personnel have voluntarily asked 7. this dangerous assignment. A nurse, 8. has worked on the frontline for a week, could only give an air hug to her visiting daughter from a safe distance.

Face masks and protective goggles (护目镜) have left deep marks on the faces of medical personnel after wearing them 9. (day). The hands of some of the nurses have been scarred by constant disinfectant soaking. It’s hard and exhausting, 10. the medical staff have remained firm in their tasks.

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A young boy is a devoted fan of the University of Tennessee, but he was _______ to not have a shirt to show the world his colors. So his teacher encouraged him to _______ his own. With pride and a smile, the boy drew his orange colors and the U of T logo on a piece of paper and _______ it to his orange shirt.

But after lunch, he came back to the teacher in very _______ spirits. “He came back to my room, put his head on the desk and was crying.” He complained to her that people had approached his table, making fun of his _______ . His feelings were _______ hurt by some girls who themselves weren’t even wearing college colors.

But after she shared the _______ in despair, the post went viral — getting 7,040 _________ .UT’s Interim President Randy Boyd got _______ of the story, and made a ______________ of his own, which read: “I was ______________ to learn of a young Florida school student’s heart for the University of Tennessee, and I LOVED his ______________ behind designing his own shirt. So many of us admire his love for UT and it’s ______________ to see everyone step up to send him some UT clothes! Everywhere UT.” A few days later, a ______________ came to his classroom: a care package from UT staff, addressed ______________ to the young fan. The whole class was ______________ at his gift — but none so much as him!

Then, the boy got an even bigger __________________.

The UT store decided to use the boy’s design to create an ______________ UT shin with income going to STOMP Out Bullying, a national non-profit organization that is ______________to stopping bullying of all forms.

Demand for the student’s T-shirt was so high that it ______________ the university’s online shop that Saturday.

1.A.angry B.sad C.determined D.curious

2.A.buy B.draw C.make D.find

3.A.pinned B.led C.connected D.brought

4.A.high B.unbroken C.rebellious D.different

5.A.sign B.smile C.head D.cry

6.A.easily B.only C.particularly D.slightly

7.A.joke B.story C.color D.paper

8.A.calls B.crosses C.orders D.shares

9.A.rid B.word C.hold D.control

10.A.post B.notice C.design D.drawing

11.A.disappointed B.shocked C.touched D.embarrassed

12.A.sacrifice B.patience C.intelligence D.imagination

13.A.awesome B.funny C.ridiculous D.scary

14.A.letter B.delivery C.bill D.research

15.A.secretly B.suddenly C.directly D.eventually

16.A.frightened B.upset C.satisfied D.amazed

17.A.surprise B.threat C.prize D.challenge

18.A.expensive B.attractive C.official D.instructive

19.A.accustomed B.devoted C.addicted D.reduced

20.A.flashed B.shut C.exploded D.crashed

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Stress is all around us, but there are some ways we can manage our strew regardless of what comes our way .

How many times do we find ourselves doing something just for money? Don’t get me wrong — I like money as much as the next person. But if most everything we do revolves around how much money we might make, we will end up being miserable. I would suggest you do things because they are the right thing to do, or because it feels good to you. The money will follow. 1.

2. Do you know that by helping others you really end up helping yourself? If you give and share from a place of non-expectation, you will reap great rewards. Then you will let go of your problems and it will help reduce your stress.

3. They are either in a hospital or nursing home that have no one left of their family or friends. How about going to visit someone and maybe bring a pet along for the visit? 4. When you see their faces, and get their appreciation all your stress will simply melt away. Try it and see for yourself.

By having options and the right intentions you reduce the possibility of a situation causing you stress. 5. By doing so you will find that you feel better about yourself and end up with less stress in your life.

A.There are many lonely people out there.

B.You can also see how you can help others.

C.Actually, your stress will not melt away immediately.

D.How many times have you reached out a helping hand to others?

E.Some can be done individually, while others are best done in a group setting.

F.If you take this approach you will be a lot happier and healthier in the long run.

G.You would be surprised how much these people would appreciate such a simple act of kindness.

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Creating art or engaging in artistic efforts has numerous benefits for young people — from fewer disciplinary infractions to better academic performance and increased likelihood of struggling for post-secondary education.

And yet students’ participation in arts classes varies by what school they attend. Higher-poverty schools in King County have lower enrollment in arts classes.

That’s one data point evident in a new dashboard released by the cultural funding agency 4Culture and the state superintendent’s office. It shows the percentage of high school students taking different kinds of arts classes in individual schools within King County’s 19 school districts. It’s intended to let anyone in the public research arts class participation and compare schools. For example, more than two-thirds of students at Bellevue’s International School took a music class compared with just 12 percent at Kent — Meridian High School in the Kent School District in the 2018-19 school year.

“We strongly believe the arts can make for a happier, healthier education in every single way,” said Charlie Rathbun, director of arts programs with 4Culture. “So we will be looking at outcomes around the dropout rate, discipline rate, graduation rate, things like that.”

Overall, the dashboard shows higher participation in visual arts and music classes than in theater or dance. “Dance, for example, being almost non-existent in our schools — we have to ask why and think about those students who might respond quite positively to dance,” Rathbun said.

Alternative schools and dropout re-engagement programs have very low participation in arts classes. Students across the state are required to take two arts courses to graduate.

1.What does the underlined word “infraction” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?

A.Obedience. B.Offence.

C.Sense. D.Authority.

2.Why will Charlie Rathbun be looking at the outcomes?

A.To know about students’ academic performance.

B.To understand the reason for his students’ dropout.

C.To prove the function of arts education at school.

D.To encourage students to take dance, not other arts.

3.Which can best describe the conclusion Charlie Rathbun will make about arts participation?

A.Reliable. B.One-sided.

C.Personal. D.Abstract.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Arts Class Participation At School: Yes Or No

B.New Dashboard: Participation In Arts Classes

C.New Dashboard For King County High Schools

D.Low Participation In Arts Classes At High School

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Bats quickly eat the insects that bite us and ruin our crops. They pollinate (授粉) flowers and they replant forests by spreading seeds around. But as agriculture overtakes rain forests and jungles, humans have come into conflict with one bat species: the common vampire bat (吸血蝙蝠).

Well, vampire bats are ugly little animals. They’ve got these wrinkly noses that have infrared (红外线的) heat sensors so they can detect warm blood flowing beneath the skin. They’ve got ears that can pick up the sound of low frequencies. That’s the sound of big animals breathing. And they have super sharp teeth. So when you’re bitten by one of these bats, you don’t even feel it. They also have amazing movement skills. They can fly, but they can also run with their wings,

And vampire bats mainly interact with humans who are raising livestock. They’ll drink the blood of cows and pigs and chickens. You can find newborn cows with bites from vampire bats, chicken coops that are covered in drips of blood. Children will regularly wake up with vampire bat bites on their feet. Actually, the bites aren’t that big of a health problem. The main problem is that very rarely these bats are sick with rabies (狂犬病). And they can spread this fatal disease to cattle and people.

Gerry, a scientist, does experiments where he keeps one of the bats away from food for a night. And that’s something that actually happens in the wild all the time. The bat will go out and it can’t find anything to eat. And if that happens two nights in a row, the bat could actually starve to death. But what happens is that another bat will come in and they’ll rescue that hungry bat. They’ll let out a little blood to feed it. And this behavior is seen between mothers and their children and between siblings. But surprisingly, it’s also seen between bats that aren’t related at all.

1.What does the second paragraph mainly want to tell us about vampire bats?

A.Their physical organs. B.Their super powers.

C.Their living habits. D.Their attacking skills.

2.What is the vampire bat’s biggest threat to human beings?

A.It drinks the blood of livestock. B.It prefers to bite little children.

C.It can spread a fatal disease. D.It is often infected with rabies.

3.What do Geny’s experiments find out?

A.Bats, not related by blood, share blood. B.Bats usually live a hard life in the wild.

C.Different bats live a quite different life. D.Blood is even more important for bats.

4.What can we can infer from the text?

A.Vampire bats are human’s natural enemy.

B.Human should try to get rid of vampire bats.

C.Vampire bats are human’s true friends.

D.Vampire bats should not always be blamed.

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Many people heard about the “Little Free Library”, which was a movement that let people swap a book for another or take it and bring it back. Now, people are joining in the “Little Free Pantry” idea, which shares a similar value of spreading kindness with mini pantries.

One family who live in Boise, Idaho, have a three-year-old son who wanted to build something for his third birthday, so they decided that they would build a community pantry box that they would share with their neighbors. They felt that they had everything they wanted, so they wanted to give a little something back to the community and help the people in need.

The idea is that the family fill this box up with non-perishable (不易腐的) items, which include tins, toiletries, and other goods. However, it’s meant to be a community give and take, so other people would also contribute to adding to this mini-pantry.

It seems that the idea has taken off in other communities who also want to give a little something back and help those in need. It’s the kind of movement that helps the struggling members of the community, allowing them to live knowing that they can have a can of soup for dinner if they have nothing else. Or that sanitary products are available.

The Millers keep their little pantry going, realizing that it’s emptiest toward the end of the month, so they know that it’s really helping people. They don’t believe that anyone has taken advantage of it and that it’s only helped people.

Various other communities have taken on the mini pantries project in order to spread a little kindness within their community.

1.Why is “Little Free Library” mentioned in the first paragraph?

A.To show the striking difference between it and “Little Free Pantry”.

B.To help readers have a better understanding of “Little Free Pantry”.

C.To encourage people to take “Little Free Library” as an example.

D.To prove that most people are just so kind as to help those in need.

2.Why did the family build the “Little Free Pantry”?

A.To let others know about their son’s birthday.

B.To show that they lived in great abundance,

C.To egress gratitude and offer help to others.

D.To test if people in the community are honest.

3.Whom is Free Pantry most helpful to?

A.Those who can’t go shopping often. B.Those who want to show kindness.

C.Those who want to celebrate birthdays. D.Those who live in great poverty.

4.How is the “Little Free Library” idea going?

A.The community pantry box is always empty.

B.People take advantage of others’ kindness.

C.More items are badly needed to refill the box.

D.It is gaining more and more popularity.

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Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

If you were born in 2003, you could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger (护林人) and work on local natural resource management projects for 8 weeks this summer.

Who is eligible: Students born in 2003 (16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31, 2020)

NOTE: Each team also requires a team lead, who may be any age and may or may not be a student.

Summer Employment Opportunities

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Ontario Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older (Some positions require students to be 15 co 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability due to program funding.)

Native Youth Work Exchange Program

If you self identify as Native you can apply for an 8-week summer job for up to 3 continuous summers, offered through the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry in partnership with Native communities and organizations.

Who is eligible: Native students: 15-24 years old, and up to 29 years old if you have a disability.

Articling and Summer Law Student Programs

Law students can apply to work for the Ontario government — as either a summer law student or an articling student — If you are experienced with Aboriginal communities or have an interest in Aboriginal law, you can also apply to work specifically in this field as part of the Aboriginal Summer law program.

Who is eligible: The Summer Law Student Program is open to first and second year students enrolled in a law school. To be eligible for the articling program, candidates must have either completed law school at the start of the articling period or have received a certificate of qualification from the National Committee of Accreditation.

1.Tom is not a student but he is interested in summer programs, he can most probably apply to_____________.

A.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

B.Summer Employment Opportunities

C.Native Youth Work Exchange Program

D.Articling and Summer Law Student Programs

2.What is special about Summer Employment Opportunities?

A.It has an extremely strict limit of age. B.It provides better summer jobs.

C.It can give jobs to disabled students. D.It can help find different jobs.

3.What should participants of Articling and Summer Law Student Programs be like?

A.More professionals B.Much older.

C.Quite creative. D.Physically strong.

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假定你是李华，给你开网店的美国朋友Jack写封信，请他代卖你爷爷制作的工艺品（工艺品自定）。要点如下：

1. 描述工艺品外形、材料等；

2. 介绍工艺品的特点；

3. 告知工艺品的价格。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

查看

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

查看

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The past two weeks have been extremely painful, and 1. (everyone) heart is extremely strained with the outbreak of the COVID-19 in China.

About 60 medical teams 6. (consist) of 11,000 doctors and medical staff have been sent off from other provinces to Hubei.

查看

Then, the boy got an even bigger __________________.

Demand for the student’s T-shirt was so high that it ______________ the university’s online shop that Saturday.

1.A.angry B.sad C.determined D.curious

2.A.buy B.draw C.make D.find

3.A.pinned B.led C.connected D.brought

4.A.high B.unbroken C.rebellious D.different

5.A.sign B.smile C.head D.cry

6.A.easily B.only C.particularly D.slightly

7.A.joke B.story C.color D.paper

8.A.calls B.crosses C.orders D.shares

9.A.rid B.word C.hold D.control

10.A.post B.notice C.design D.drawing

11.A.disappointed B.shocked C.touched D.embarrassed

12.A.sacrifice B.patience C.intelligence D.imagination

13.A.awesome B.funny C.ridiculous D.scary

14.A.letter B.delivery C.bill D.research

15.A.secretly B.suddenly C.directly D.eventually

16.A.frightened B.upset C.satisfied D.amazed

17.A.surprise B.threat C.prize D.challenge

18.A.expensive B.attractive C.official D.instructive

19.A.accustomed B.devoted C.addicted D.reduced

20.A.flashed B.shut C.exploded D.crashed

查看

Stress is all around us, but there are some ways we can manage our strew regardless of what comes our way .

A.There are many lonely people out there.

B.You can also see how you can help others.

C.Actually, your stress will not melt away immediately.

D.How many times have you reached out a helping hand to others?

E.Some can be done individually, while others are best done in a group setting.

F.If you take this approach you will be a lot happier and healthier in the long run.

G.You would be surprised how much these people would appreciate such a simple act of kindness.

查看

And yet students’ participation in arts classes varies by what school they attend. Higher-poverty schools in King County have lower enrollment in arts classes.

Alternative schools and dropout re-engagement programs have very low participation in arts classes. Students across the state are required to take two arts courses to graduate.

1.What does the underlined word “infraction” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?

A.Obedience. B.Offence.

C.Sense. D.Authority.

2.Why will Charlie Rathbun be looking at the outcomes?

A.To know about students’ academic performance.

B.To understand the reason for his students’ dropout.

C.To prove the function of arts education at school.

D.To encourage students to take dance, not other arts.

3.Which can best describe the conclusion Charlie Rathbun will make about arts participation?

A.Reliable. B.One-sided.

C.Personal. D.Abstract.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Arts Class Participation At School: Yes Or No

B.New Dashboard: Participation In Arts Classes

C.New Dashboard For King County High Schools

D.Low Participation In Arts Classes At High School

查看

1.What does the second paragraph mainly want to tell us about vampire bats?

A.Their physical organs. B.Their super powers.

C.Their living habits. D.Their attacking skills.

2.What is the vampire bat’s biggest threat to human beings?

A.It drinks the blood of livestock. B.It prefers to bite little children.

C.It can spread a fatal disease. D.It is often infected with rabies.

3.What do Geny’s experiments find out?

A.Bats, not related by blood, share blood. B.Bats usually live a hard life in the wild.

C.Different bats live a quite different life. D.Blood is even more important for bats.

4.What can we can infer from the text?

A.Vampire bats are human’s natural enemy.

B.Human should try to get rid of vampire bats.

C.Vampire bats are human’s true friends.

D.Vampire bats should not always be blamed.

查看

Various other communities have taken on the mini pantries project in order to spread a little kindness within their community.

1.Why is “Little Free Library” mentioned in the first paragraph?

A.To show the striking difference between it and “Little Free Pantry”.

B.To help readers have a better understanding of “Little Free Pantry”.

C.To encourage people to take “Little Free Library” as an example.

D.To prove that most people are just so kind as to help those in need.

2.Why did the family build the “Little Free Pantry”?

A.To let others know about their son’s birthday.

B.To show that they lived in great abundance,

C.To egress gratitude and offer help to others.

D.To test if people in the community are honest.

3.Whom is Free Pantry most helpful to?

A.Those who can’t go shopping often. B.Those who want to show kindness.

C.Those who want to celebrate birthdays. D.Those who live in great poverty.

4.How is the “Little Free Library” idea going?

A.The community pantry box is always empty.

B.People take advantage of others’ kindness.

C.More items are badly needed to refill the box.

D.It is gaining more and more popularity.

查看

Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

If you were born in 2003, you could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger (护林人) and work on local natural resource management projects for 8 weeks this summer.

Who is eligible: Students born in 2003 (16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31, 2020)

NOTE: Each team also requires a team lead, who may be any age and may or may not be a student.

Summer Employment Opportunities

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Ontario Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older (Some positions require students to be 15 co 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability due to program funding.)

Native Youth Work Exchange Program

Who is eligible: Native students: 15-24 years old, and up to 29 years old if you have a disability.

Articling and Summer Law Student Programs

1.Tom is not a student but he is interested in summer programs, he can most probably apply to_____________.

A.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

B.Summer Employment Opportunities

C.Native Youth Work Exchange Program

D.Articling and Summer Law Student Programs

2.What is special about Summer Employment Opportunities?

A.It has an extremely strict limit of age. B.It provides better summer jobs.

C.It can give jobs to disabled students. D.It can help find different jobs.

3.What should participants of Articling and Summer Law Student Programs be like?

A.More professionals B.Much older.

C.Quite creative. D.Physically strong.

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下面是苏淮（Su Huai)、他的母亲（Mrs.Su)和他的老师（Mr.Li)就“线上学习”专题受访时的谈话摘录。请认真阅读并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

Su Huai: I had to stay at home,learning online because of COVID-19,but I really enjoyed it.I think courses in the virtual classroom more interesting and it worked.

Mrs.Su:I don't think so.I doubted how much knowledge had been planted in his head.I didn't take proper care of him and our relationship went tense.Sometimes it was like a fight of trapped beasts

Mr.Li:We were going through a test similar ho many parents.We struggled with technology to interact with our students and make sure they could understand.

（写作内容）

1.用约30个单词概括上述信息的主要内容：

2. 你对线上学习有何看法？请说明理由（不少于两点）。

（写作要求）

1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和校名；

3.不必写标题。

（评分标准）

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

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请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

The development of penicillin(1928-1945)

In 1928,Alexander Fleming was spending several weeks growing bacteria in piles of dishes for his experiment when he noticed a dish didn't look normal with blue mould in .Much to his astonishment, the mould killed the bacteria surrounding it. After discussing the blue mould with mould expert C. J. La Touche who had his office below Fleming's, they determined the mould to be a Penicillin mould. Fleming then called the active antibacterial agent in the mould, penicillin. He continued to run numerous experiments to determine the effect of the mould on other harmful bacteria. Surprisingly, the mould killed large number of them. He found the mould to be nontoxic and contain a powerful antibiotic.

In 1929, Fleming wrote a paper on his findings, which did not get any scientific interest. His penicillin was still in his lab far from an effective medicine because the development of Penicillin as a drug faced two problems. First, it was difficult for him to purify penicillin to work as a medicine. Second, he was not able to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective

Fleming was praised for the discovery, but it was Howard Florey, Ernst Chain and their Colleagues at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University who managed to turn penicillin from a lab curiosity into an effective drug. In 1940,they worked with penicillin. Solving these problems and stepping up its large-scale production

The increasingly obvious value and demand of penicillin in World War II accelerated the process of its mass production, which began in 1944.The wide use of penicillin during World War II saved many lives. Without it, many people would have died due to bacterial infections in even minor wounds.

Fleming discovered penicillin. Florey and Chain made it a usable product with a nickname of “wonder drug”. All three of them were awarded the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

The development 6f penicillin(1928-1945)
The 1.of penicillin	● While growing bacteria for his experiment,Fleming noticed something 2.in a dish,killing the bacteria surrounding it. ●The blue mould,which Fleming found in the lab by 3. rather than on purpose, was named penicillin.
The 4.with Fleming' s further research	● Fleming had 5. making penicillin meet medicine standards of purity. ●He couldn't produce the desired quantities of penicillin to be 6.
The mass production of penicillin	● Two other scientists along with their team 7.in making its large-scale production possible. ●World War II 8.up the process of its mass production for military use.
Significance	● Widely 9.to treat people in war penicillin saved many lives that otherwise would have been lost. ●penicillin started post-1945 revolution of medicines, for which Fleming, Florey and Chain 10.the Nobel Prize in Medicine for their work.,

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John Perry decided it was time to go home. It had been a perfect day. He had filled his bag with all sorts of seashells, enough to study for a month. The island had been a good place to find shell but mow the sun was going down, he must leave before it got dark. He came to the sand reef that connected the island and the shore of the mainland. He stopped for a moment to enjoy the sunset on the ocean water. Then he began to walk along the sand reef toward the shore.

He hurried on. Then, suddenly he stepped into the water. Before he knew what had happened, he dropped down and down. The water was covering his head. He rose to the top of the water, struggling to get back on to the dry sand, surprised. To his horror he saw long grey sharks there in the sea, but where was the sand reef? What had happened to it?

He began to walk back toward the island. While he had searched for shells on the island, the strong ocean waves had washed a large part of the sand reef away. He did not know much about Sharks/but he was a good swimmer. He tried to remember what he had read about sharks. Did sharks find their food by smelling it? If they did, it meant they looked for food at all times, even during the night,

①Most of the night he lay down and looked up at the stars thinking. He thought of the people in the village. He was their doctor, the only doctor in the village felt good to be needed. He thought of wood for a fire, wood to signal for help, but there was no wood. At last he thought of sleep. He slept until the sun rose.

②The sharks were there because the fish were there. The same waves that had washed the sand reef away had somehow pushed large schools of fish into the area. He watched the sharks kill.

He looked at the sea, if he swam to shore, he would be in the water 5,6 minutes. A lot could happen during that time. A wind blew across the water. Small waves rushed across the top and stopped him from seeing the bottom. He hoped the wind would stop. Somehow, clear water seemed less dangerous.

③But first, he looked all around before he took off all his clothes He kept only his belt and his small knife. He silently slipped into the water. He went deep down and looked around. He was about to rise to the top and start swimming when he saw a long grey body below him. He kicked himself up to the top and struggled to the sand.

④ He stood up and looked around again. How could he make the sharks move out to sea? He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the flesh, blood running out. He caught it on his white shirt. When the shirt was red and wet, he tied some cloths around his leg to stop the flow of blood. He tied a long piece of cloth to the shirt, then he threw the shirt into the water and pulled it with a piece of cloth.

The sharks smelled the blood; they came racing toward the shirt. He was leading then away from shore. Suddenly he dropped the cloth turned toward shore and ran as fast as he could He jumped into the water and swam. He kicked and shouted as loud as he could. He touched the shore with his fingers and pulled himself up the stones.

The shark was excited by the smell of blood and the chase went after him; its great body crushed against the stones. The other sharks jumped on it The end came quickly as the sharks’ blood turned the water red. The injured shark was eaten alive as it tried to escape.

Perry slowly got to his feet. So, he said, “you did not get me.”

He looked down at the sharks still eating even though they were full of food.

1.What happened to the sand reef while John Perry was searching for seashells?

A.It was destroyed by the ocean waves.

B.It was covered by the rising tide of the ocean.

C.It fell down hen sharks were running after fishes around

D.It was washed away by the ocean waves created by the sharks.

2.What made him think he was important to the villagers?

A.His seashells. B.His swimming skill.

C.His bravery. D.His occupation.

3.Why didn't he choose to escape in the night?

A.Darkness made no difference to sharks at all.

B.Darkness would increase the risk of his behavior.

C.Sharks could still see him clearly in the darkness

D.Sharks seldom attacked humans during the daytime.

4.Where should the sentence "He decided to swim." be put in the passage?

A.① B.② C.③ D.④

5.What do you think of John Perry?

A.Cruel and violent. B.Clever and smart.

C.Skilled but careless. D.Courageous but silly.

6.What can be a suitable title for the passage?

A.A narrow escape from hungry sharks B.An unforgettable day with sharks

C.A close fight against fierce sharks D.An unexpected meeting with sharks

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Dog owners swear that their furry best mend is in tune with their emotions, Now it seems this sense of interspecies connection is real: dogs can smell your emotions, and adopt them as their own

We already know dogs can see and hear the signs of human emotions says Biagio D'Aniello at the University of Naples Federico II, Italy. But nobody had studied whether dogs could pick up on olfactory(嗅觉的) signals from humans.

“The role of the olfactory system has been largely undervalued, maybe because our own species is more focused on the visual system.” says D'Aniello. However, dogs 'sense of smelling is far superior to ours, D'Aniello and his colleagues tested whether dogs could really sniff out our emotions. First, human volunteers watched videos designed to induce fear, happiness or a neutral response and the team collected samples of their sweat. Next, the researchers presented these sweat samples to dogs ,and monitored their behavior and heart rates. Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those sniffing happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and made less social contact with strangers.

D'Aniello's study suggests humans can unconsciously, hijack their dogs' emotion by releasing smells .A second study suggests dogs can return the favour, using their expressive faces.

Juliane Kaminski at the University of Portsmouth, UK, and her colleagues have found that dogs' faces fare most expressive when they know people are looking at them.

The researchers introduced dogs to a human who was either looking at them or facing away and either offering food or nothing. The team analyzed how much the dogs' facial movements varied in the four situations. They found that the dogs' facial expressions varied most when the person was looking at them. Kaminski says there was no sign of a “dinner table effect”, which “would predict that dogs try and look super-cute when they want something from the humans”.

It's not clear precisely how dogs visually signal us and how we respond, says Monique Udell of Oregon State University in Corvallis. “This kind of research is needed to fully understand the nature of the human-dog relationship.”

1.How did D'Aniello's research team carry out their study on dog's ability of sniffing out humans' emotions?

A.By analyzing the sweat samples from the dogs.

B.By monitoring dogs' response Co the same videos

C.By letting the dogs watch the volunteers 'expressive faces.

D.By watching the dogs' reactions to the given sweat samples.

2.The underlined word "hijack" probably means?

A.Study. B.Control.

C.Find. D.Display,

3.What can we infer from the second study?

A.Dinner-table effect really exists.

B.Dogs are very sensitive to human attention.

C.Dogs showed no facial expression when offered nothing

D.Dogs' facial expressions vary most when they want attention.

4.What is still puzzling scientists according to the passage?

A.How dogs react to human smells.

B.How dogs respond to humans 'attention.

C.How dogs hear and see the signs of humans' emotions.

D.How dogs communicate with humans by the sense of slightly.

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Over the past few months huge groups of locusts(蝗虫), one of which occupied an area more than three times the size of New York City, have eaten up crops across the Home of Africa and the Middle East, leaving an estimated 20 million people at risk of famine(饥荒). The first generation's eggs are starting to hatch, and now even bigger swarms(虫群) are forming threatening. Countries from the Democratic Republic of Congo to Yemen, Iran, Pakistan and India, “representing a threat to food security and livelihoods,” says the U.N.'s Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).

Desert locusts' populations explode when weather conditions are right. That explosion can create huge swarms that can travel great distance-more than 90 miles in a day-in search of food. Warm weather and unusually heavy rains in the Horn of Africa at the end of 2019 provided the moist(湿润的) soil necessary for hatching eggs. From there, the insects spread rapidly, resulting in one of the worst outbreaks the region has seen in more than 70 years.

A typical swarm numbering 4 billion to 8 billion locusts, can consume in one day the same amount of food as 35 million people. Some swarms have been so thick in parts of Kenya that they have prevented planes from taking off. Governments have used widespread aerial spraying of pesticides when available; in poorer regions, where aircraft are unavailable, soldiers battle the swarms with handheld spray pump.

The FAO has appealed for $138 million to support affected communities, If the locusts are not stopped before the next generation hatches, the impact could be terrible: the FAO guesses that an additional 25 million people across the region could lose their crops. Scientists in Kenya hope a new computer-assisted tracking program that combines satellite data with weather-mapping software will help predict the swarms next destination, buying-regional authorities enough time to prepare a response. Buy coronavirus- related travel restriction have delayed relief efforts as well as response mechanisms. The locusts have no such travel limitations.

1.The author uses many statistics in the passage to show_____

A.the disastrous consequence of the outbreaks of locusts

B.the serious conditions facing the New York City

C.the speed of swarms of locusts travelling

D.the exact number of crops consumed by locusts

2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.The great distances locusts can travel.

B.The explosion of locusts' population.

C.The perfect conditions for hatching their eggs.

D.The result of the unusual outbreaks of locusts.

3.What does the last paragraph imply?

A.The travel restrictions may probably worsen the urgent situation.

B.It is unlikely to predict the swarms' next destination now.

C.A lot of money has been raised after the FAO's appeal

D.It's not difficult for humans to win the battle against the locust

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FESTIVALS IN LONDON

London hosts each year a variety of celebrations and festivals. All of them are national and Foreign holidays. Below we show you the most amazing holidays and festivals in London.

New Year's Day Parade

This Parade is a free event which takes place annually on I January since 1987.M lasts about 2 hours 30 minutes, featuring more than 10.000 Participants representing 20 countries worldwide. There are marching bands, cheerleading groups, vehicles, animals, clowns and giant inflatables(充气物).

Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race

Since 1829 each spring the two England's most famous universities race along a 6.7 kilometer stretch of the Thames River in what is perhaps the most famous rowing event in the world. The race attracts a massive crowd of around a quarter of a million fan to the banks of the Thames

London Marathon

The Flora London Marathon, one of the World Marathon Majors, has been held each year since 1981. Currently around 32,000 runners take part in this annual event, including professionals and amateurs. There are live bands entertainment and thousands of cheering fans. It is also one of the largest events to collect money in the world in order to attract more funds, some runners dress up in fancy costumes.

Wimbledon

Wimbledon runs annually from late June through early July, Wimbledon is the oldest and most famous tennis tournament in the world, the only Grand Slam event played on grass courts. Started in 1877, he event is often attended by members of the Royal Family, Wimbledon traditions include the eating of strawberries and cream that can be accompanied by an optional glass of champagne.

1.Which of the four festivals has the longest history?

A.New Year's Day Parade. B.Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race.

C.London Marathon. D.Wimbledon.

2.London Marathon is different from the other three in that______.

A.it has the purpose of donating money to other events

B.it attracts many more fans from around the world

C.it is the only festival accompanied by live band

D.it has the function of raising money

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Superstar Pink joined a lot of celebrities(名人) and world leaders who were infected with COVID-19(新冠肺炎).Two weeks ago, she and three-year-old son Jameson _______symptoms of the disease After_______with healthcare professionals, the two were able to_______a test Pink tested positive for coronavirus(冠状病毒).

She_______their experiences online, stating “Just a few days ago, we were re-tested and are now_______negative.” Pink added that she was_______a huge amount to two different COVID-19 emergency funds(基金会). Various stars have also tried to encourage people to take extra _______against COVID-19.

“It is not wise of our government not to make testing more widely accessible,” Pink said. “This illness is _______and real. People need to know that the illness _______the young and old, healthy and unhealthy, rich and poor, and we must make testing free to ________our children, our families, our friends and our communities.”

Testing for coronavirus is a major ________ across the world. The WHO________urges World governments to conduct mass testing to________COVID-19,along with contact tracing, Widespread disinfection, lockdown and quarantine measures, social distancing, and hand hygiene.

Previous to Pink, a number of other celebrities have tested________for the virus. Various world leaders have been infected________including the British Prime Minister.

Pink expressed her ________for the people working on the front lines. Thank you to all of our healthcare professionals and everyone in the world who are working so hard to protect our loved ones. “You are our________!” she wrote, she also urged the________of the population to do their part to ________ the spread of the disease.

So ________ man is facing a dark time right now, there's one thing for sure that he is going to win this wan against COVID-19 in the end!

1.A.improved B.showed C.described D.reported.

2.A.consulting B.quarreling C.dealing D.agreeing

3.A.refuse B.give C.mark D.get

4.A.posed B.mailed C.typed. D.gained

5.A.equally B.unfortunately C.thankfully D.merely

6.A.donating B.lending C.loaning D.paying

7.A.pictures B.notes C.trips D.measures

8.A.common B.serious C.genetic D.mild

9.A.kills B.punishes C.affects D.ruins

10.A.cure B.protect C.treat D.love

11.A.concern B.phenomenon C.symptom D.illness